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16 U.S.C. § 6404 — Coral reef action plans
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Plans prepared by Federal reef managers**
(1) **In general** — Not later than 3 years after December 23, 2022, and 2 years after the date of publication of each National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy, each Federal reef manager shall—
(A) prepare a coral reef action plan to guide management and restoration activities to be undertaken within the responsibilities and jurisdiction of the manager; or
(B) in the case of a reef under the jurisdiction of a Federal reef manager for which there is an action plan in effect as of December 23, 2022, update that plan to comply with the requirements of this subsection.
(2) **Elements** — A plan prepared under paragraph (1) by a Federal reef manager shall include a discussion of the following:
(A) Short- and medium-term coral reef conservation and restoration objectives within the jurisdiction of the manager.
(B) A current adaptive management framework to inform research, monitoring, and assessment needs.
(C) Tools, strategies, and partnerships necessary to identify, monitor, and address pollution, water quality, and other negative impacts to coral reef ecosystems within the jurisdiction of the manager.
(D) The status of efforts to improve coral reef ecosystem management cooperation and integration between Federal reef managers and covered reef managers, including the identification of existing research and monitoring activities that can be leveraged for coral reef status and trends assessments within the jurisdiction of the manager.
(E) Estimated budgetary and resource considerations necessary to carry out the plan.
(F) Contingencies for response to and recovery from emergencies and disasters.
(G) In the case of an updated plan, annual records of significant management and restoration actions taken
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 83, § 6404; chapter-083-coral-reef-conservation.md
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**(a) Plans prepared by Federal reef managers**
(1) **In general** — Not later than 3 years after December 23, 2022, and 2 years after the date of publication of each National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy, each Federal reef manager shall—
(A) prepare a coral reef action plan to guide management and restoration activities to be undertaken within the responsibilities and jurisdiction of the manager; or
(B) in the case of a reef under the jurisdiction of a Federal reef manager for which there is an action plan in effect as of December 23, 2022, update that plan to comply with the requirements of this subsection.
(2) **Elements** — A plan prepared under paragraph (1) by a Federal reef manager shall include a discussion of the following:
(A) Short- and medium-term coral reef conservation and restoration objectives within the jurisdiction of the manager.
(B) A current adaptive management framework to inform research, monitoring, and assessment needs.
(C) Tools, strategies, and partnerships necessary to identify, monitor, and address pollution, water quality, and other negative impacts to coral reef ecosystems within the jurisdiction of the manager.
(D) The status of efforts to improve coral reef ecosystem management cooperation and integration between Federal reef managers and covered reef managers, including the identification of existing research and monitoring activities that can be leveraged for coral reef status and trends assessments within the jurisdiction of the manager.
(E) Estimated budgetary and resource considerations necessary to carry out the plan.
(F) Contingencies for response to and recovery from emergencies and disasters.
(G) In the case of an updated plan, annual records of significant management and restoration actions taken under the previous plan, cash and noncash resources used to undertake the actions, and the source of such resources.
(H) Documentation by the Federal reef manager that the plan is consistent with the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy.
(I) A data management plan to ensure data, assessments, and accompanying information are appropriately preserved, curated, publicly accessible, and broadly reusable.
(3) **Submission to Task Force** — Each Federal reef manager shall submit a plan prepared under paragraph (1) to the Task Force.
(4) **Application of Administrative Procedure Act** — Each plan prepared under paragraph (1) shall be subject to the requirements of subchapter II of chapter 5, and chapter 7, of title 5 (commonly known as the “Administrative Procedure Act”).
**(b) Plans prepared by covered reef managers**
(1) **In general** — A covered reef manager may elect to prepare, submit to the Task Force, and maintain a coral reef action plan to guide management and restoration activities to be undertaken within the responsibilities and jurisdiction of the manager.
(2) **Effective period** — A plan prepared under this subsection shall remain in effect for 5 years, or until an updated plan is submitted to the Task Force, whichever occurs first.
(3) **Elements** — A plan prepared under paragraph (1) by a covered reef manager—
(A) shall contain a discussion of—
(i) short- and medium-term coral reef conservation and restoration objectives within the jurisdiction of the manager;
(ii) estimated budgetary and resource considerations necessary to carry out the plan;
(iii) in the case of an updated plan, annual records of significant management and restoration actions taken under the previous plan, cash and noncash resources used to undertake the actions, and the source of such resources; and
(iv) contingencies for response to and recovery from emergencies and disasters; and
(B) *may contain a discussion of—*
(i) the status of efforts to improve coral reef ecosystem management cooperation and integration between Federal reef managers and covered reef managers, including the identification of existing research and monitoring activities that can be leveraged for coral reef status and trends assessments within the jurisdiction of the manager;
(ii) a current adaptive management framework to inform research, monitoring, and assessment needs;
(iii) tools, strategies, and partnerships necessary to identify, monitor, and address pollution and water quality impacts to coral reef ecosystems within the jurisdiction of the manager; and
(iv) a data management plan to ensure data, assessments, and accompanying information are appropriately preserved, curated, publicly accessible, and broadly reusable.
**(c) Technical assistance** The Administrator and the Task Force shall make reasonable efforts to provide technical assistance upon request by a Federal reef manager or covered reef manager developing a coral reef action plan under this section.
**(d) Publication** The Administrator shall publish each coral reef action plan prepared and submitted to the Task Force under this section on the public website of the Coral Reef Conservation Program of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of this subchapter—
(1) “agency” means each authority of the Government of the United States, whether or not it is within or subject to review by another agency, but does not include—
(A) the Congress;
(B) the courts of the United States;
(C) the governments of the territories or possessions of the United States;
(D) the government of the District of Columbia;
or except as to the requirements of [section 552 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section552&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(E) agencies composed of representatives of the parties or of representatives of organizations of the parties to the disputes determined by them;
(F) courts martial and military commissions;
(G) military authority exercised in the field in time of war or in occupied territory; or
(H) functions conferred by sections 1738, 1739, 1743, and 1744 of title 12; subchapter II of chapter 471 of title 49; or sections 1884, 1891–1902, and former section 1641(b)(2), of title 50, appendix; 11 See References in Text note below.
(2) “person” includes an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or public or private organization other than an agency;
(3) “party” includes a person or agency named or admitted as a party, or properly seeking and entitled as of right to be admitted as a party, in an agency proceeding, and a person or agency admitted by an agency as a party for limited purposes;
(4) “rule” means the whole or a part of an agency statement of general or particular applicability and future effect designed to implement, interpret, or prescribe law or policy or describing the organization, procedure, or practice requirements of an agency and includes the approval or prescription for the future of rates, wa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 551
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Administrator, the Secretary of the Interior, or the Secretary of Commerce may conduct activities described in subsection (b) to conserve and restore coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems that are consistent with—
(1) all applicable laws governing resource management in Federal and State waters, including this chapter;
(2) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy; and
(3) coral reef action plans in effect under [section 6404 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim), as applicable.
**(b) Activities described** Activities described in this subsection are activities to conserve, research, monitor, assess, and restore coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems in waters managed under the jurisdiction of a Federal agency specified in subsection (c) or in coordination with a State in waters managed under the jurisdiction of such State, including—
(1) developing, including through the collection of requisite in situ and remotely sensed data, high-quality and digitized maps reflecting—
(A) current and historical live coral cover data;
(B) coral reef habitat quality data;
(C) priority areas for coral reef conservation to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem structure and function, including the reef matrix, that benefit coastal communities and living marine resources;
(D) priority areas for coral reef restoration to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem structure and function, including the reef matrix, to benefit coastal communities and living marine resources; and
(E) areas of concern that may require enhanced monitoring of coral health and cover;
(2) enhancing compliance with Federal laws that prohibit or regulate—
(A) the taking of coral products or species a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6402
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Administrator shall—
(1) not later than 2 years after December 23, 2022, develop a national coral reef resilience strategy; and
(2) review and revise the strategy—
(A) not less frequently than once every 15 years;
(B) not less frequently than once every 5 years, in the case of guidance on best practices under subsection (b)(4); and
(C) as appropriate.
**(b) Elements** The strategy required by subsection (a) shall include the following:
(1) A discussion addressing—
(A) continuing and emerging threats to the resilience of United States coral reef ecosystems;
(B) remaining gaps in coral reef ecosystem research, monitoring, and assessment;
(C) the status of management cooperation and integration among Federal reef managers and covered reef managers;
(D) the status of efforts to manage and disseminate critical information, and enhance interjurisdictional data sharing, related to research, reports, data sets, and maps;
(E) areas of special focus, which may include—
(i) improving natural coral recruitment;
(ii) preventing avoidable losses of corals and their habitat;
(iii) enhancing the resilience of coral populations;
(iv) supporting a resilience-based management approach;
(v) developing, coordinating, and implementing watershed management plans;
(vi) building and sustaining watershed management capacity at the local level;
(vii) providing data essential for coral reef fisheries management;
(viii) building capacity for coral reef fisheries management;
(ix) increasing understanding of coral reef ecosystem services;
(x) educating the public on the importance of coral reefs, threats and solutions; and
(xi) evaluating intervention efficacy;
(F) the status of conservation e
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6403
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** In each fiscal year beginning in fiscal year 2023 and subject to the availability of appropriations, the Administrator shall provide block grants of financial assistance of not less than $500,000 to each covered State to support management and restoration activities and further the implementation of coral reef action plans in effect under [section 6404 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim) by covered States and non-Federal coral reef stewardship partnerships in accordance with this section. The Administrator shall review each covered State’s application for block grant funding to ensure that applications are consistent with applicable action plans and the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy.
**(b) Responsibilities of the Administrator** The Administrator is responsible for—
(1) providing guidance on the proper documentation of expenditures authorized under this chapter;
(2) issuing annual solicitations to covered States for awards under this section; and
(3) determining the appropriate allocation of additional amounts among covered States in accordance with this section.
**(c) Responsibilities of covered States** Each covered State is responsible for documenting and reporting—
(1) such State’s use of Federal funds received under this chapter; and
(2) such expenditures of non-Federal funds made in furtherance of coral reef management and restoration as the Administrator determines appropriate.
**(d) Cooperative agreements** Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Administrator may seek to enter into a cooperative agreement with a covered State to fund coral reef conservation and restoration activities in waters managed under the jurisdiction of such c
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6406
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Agreement** The Administrator shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (in this section referred to as the “Foundation”), authorizing the Foundation to receive, hold, and administer funds received under this section.
**(b) Fund**
(1) **In general** — The Foundation shall establish an account, which shall—
(A) be known as the “Coral Reef Stewardship Fund” (in this section referred to as the “Fund”); and
(B) serve as the successor to the account known before December 23, 2022, as the Coral Reef Conservation Fund and administered through a public-private partnership with the Foundation.
(2) **Deposits** — The Foundation shall deposit funds received under this section into the Fund.
(3) **Purposes** — The Fund shall be available solely to support coral reef stewardship activities that—
(A) further the purposes of this chapter; and
(B) are consistent with—
(i) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy; and
(ii) coral reef action plans in effect, if any, under [section 6404 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim) covering a coral reef or ecologically significant component of a coral reef to be impacted by such activities, if applicable.
(4) **Investment of amounts**
(A) *Investment of amounts* — The Foundation shall invest such portion of the Fund as is not required to meet current withdrawals in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States.
(B) *Interest and proceeds* — The interest on, and the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Fund.
(5) **Revi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6407
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Agreements** The Administrator shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (in this section referred to as the “Foundation”), authorizing the Foundation to receive, hold, and administer funds received under this section.
**(b) Fund**
(1) **In general** — The Foundation shall establish an account, to be known as the “Coral Reef Disaster Fund” (in this section referred to as the “Fund”).
(2) **Deposits** — The Foundation shall deposit funds received under this section into the Fund.
(3) **Purposes** — The Fund shall be available solely to support the long-term recovery of coral reefs from exigent circumstances described in [section 6408(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6408/b&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(A) in partnership with non-Federal stakeholders; and
(B) in a manner that is consistent with—
(i) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy; and
(ii) coral reef action plans in effect, if any, under [section 6404 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim).
(4) **Investment of amounts**
(A) *Investment of amounts* — The Foundation shall invest such portion of the Fund as is not required to meet current withdrawals in interest-bearing obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the United States.
(B) *Interest and proceeds* — The interest on, and the proceeds from, the sale or redemption of, any obligations held in the Fund shall be credited to and form a part of the Fund.
(5) **Review of performance** — The Administrator shall conduct continuing reviews of all deposits into, and disbursements from, the Fund. Each s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6409
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Administrator shall establish a program (to be known as the “Ruth D. Gates Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program”) to provide grants for projects for the conservation and restoration of coral reef ecosystems (in this section referred to as “coral reef projects”) pursuant to proposals approved by the Administrator in accordance with this section.
**(b) Matching requirements for grants**
(1) **In general** — Except as provided in paragraph (3), Federal funds for any coral reef project for which a grant is provided under subsection (a) may not exceed 50 percent of the total cost of the project.
(2) **Non-Federal share** — The non-Federal share of the cost of a coral reef project may be provided by in-kind contributions and other noncash support.
(3) **Waiver** — The Administrator may waive all or part of the matching requirement under paragraph (1) if the Administrator determines that no reasonable means are available through which an applicant can meet the matching requirement with respect to a coral reef project and the probable benefit of the project outweighs the public interest in the matching requirement.
**(c) Eligibility**
(1) **In general** — An entity described in paragraph (2) may submit to the Administrator a proposal for a coral reef project.
(2) **Entities described** — An entity described in this paragraph is—
(A) a covered reef manager or a covered Native entity;
(B) a regional fishery management council established under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act ([16 U.S.C. 1801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.);
(C) a coral reef stewardship partnership seeking to implement a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6410
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Reef research coordination institutes**
(1) **Establishment** — The Administrator shall designate 2 reef research coordination institutes for the purpose of advancing and sustaining essential capabilities in coral reef research, one each in the Atlantic and Pacific basins, to be known as the “Atlantic Reef Research Coordination Institute” and the “Pacific Reef Research Coordination Institute”, respectively.
(2) **Membership** — Each institute designated under paragraph (1) shall be housed within a single coral reef research center designated by the Administrator under subsection (b).
(3) **Functions** — The institutes designated under paragraph (1) shall—
(A) conduct federally directed research to fill national and regional coral reef ecosystem research gaps and improve understanding of, and responses to, continuing and emerging threats to the resilience of United States coral reef ecosystems consistent with the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy;
(B) support ecological research and monitoring to study the effects of conservation and restoration activities funded by this chapter on promoting more effective coral reef management and restoration; and
(C) through agreements—
(i) collaborate directly with States, covered Native entities, covered coral reef managers, nonprofit organizations, and other coral reef research centers designated under subsection (b);
(ii) assist in the development and implementation of—
(I) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy; and
(II) coral reef action plans under [section 6404 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim);
(iii) build capacity within non-Federal governmental resource management agencies to establish
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6411
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The duties of the Task Force shall be—
(1) to coordinate, in cooperation with covered States, covered Native entities, Federal reef managers, covered reef managers, coral reef research centers designated under [section 6411(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6411/b&num=0&edition=prelim) (as added by this division), and other nongovernmental and academic partners as appropriate, activities regarding the mapping, monitoring, research, conservation, mitigation, and restoration of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems;
(2) to monitor and advise regarding implementation of the policy and Federal agency responsibilities set forth in—
(A) Executive Order 13089 (63 Fed. Reg. 32701; relating to coral reef protection); and
(B) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy;
(3) to work in coordination with the other members of the Task Force—
(A) to assess the United States role in international trade and protection of coral species;
(B) to encourage implementation of appropriate strategies and actions to promote conservation and sustainable use of coral reef resources worldwide; and
(C) to collaborate with international communities successful in managing coral reefs;
(4) to provide technical assistance for the development and implementation, as appropriate, of—
(A) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy; and
(B) coral reef action plans under [section 6404 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(5) to produce a report each year, for submission to the appropriate congressional committees and publication on the public website of the Task Force, highlighting the status of the coral reef resources of a covered State
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6452
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary of the Interior may provide scientific expertise and technical assistance, and subject to the availability of appropriations, financial assistance for the conservation and restoration of coral reefs consistent with all applicable laws governing resource management in Federal, State, and Tribal waters, including—
(1) the National Coral Reef Resilience Strategy; and
(2) coral reef action plans in effect under section 205 of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 [[16 U.S.C. 6404](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6404&num=0&edition=prelim)], as added by this division, as applicable.
**(b) Coral Reef Initiative** The Secretary may establish a Coral Reef Initiative Program—
(1) to provide grant funding to support local management, conservation, and protection of coral reef ecosystems in—
(A) coastal areas of covered States; and
(B) Freely Associated States;
(2) to enhance resource availability of National Park Service and National Wildlife Refuge System management units to implement coral reef conservation and restoration activities;
(3) to complement the other conservation and assistance activities conducted under this Act or the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 [[16 U.S.C. 6401](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section6401&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], as amended by section 10001; and
(4) to provide other technical, scientific, and financial assistance and conduct conservation and restoration activities that advance the purposes of this title and the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, as amended by this division.
**(c) Consultation with the Department of Commerce**
(1) **Coral reef conservation and restoration activities** — The Secretary o
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 6471
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