19 U.S.C. § 4451 — Report on certain U.S. Customs and Bor-

Page 1119 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 4451 costs incurred, or expected to be incurred, by U.S. Customs and Border Protection to estab- lish or maintain preclearance operations at an airport in a foreign country, including costs relating to— (A) hiring, training, and equipping new U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers who will be stationed at United States do- mestic ports of entry or other U.S. Customs and Border Protection facilities to backfill U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers to be stationed at an airport in a foreign country to conduct preclearance operations; and (B) visits to the airport authority con- ducted by U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion personnel necessary to prepare for the establishment or maintenance of preclearance operations at such airport, in- cluding the compensation, travel expenses, and allowances payable to such personnel at- tributable to such visits. (2) Exception The costs described in paragraph (1)(A) shall not include the salaries and benefits of new U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers once such officers are permanently stationed at a domestic United States port of entry or other domestic U.S. Customs and Border Pro- tection facility after being hired, trained, and equipped. (e) Rule of construction Except as otherwise provided in this section, nothing in this section may be construed as af- fecting the responsibilities, duties, or authori- ties of U.S. Customs and Border Protection. (Pub. L. 114–125, title VIII, § 817, Feb. 24, 2016, 130 Stat. 220.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This subchapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), was in the original ‘‘this subtitle’’, meaning subtitle B (§§ 811–819) of title VIII of Pub. L. 114–125, which is clas- sified principally to this subchapter. For complete clas- sification of subtitle B to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of this title and Tables. § 4436. Application to new and existing preclearance operations Except for sections 814(d) [19 U.S.C. 4433(d)], 815, 817 [19 U.S.C. 4435], and 818, this subchapter shall only apply to the establishment of preclearance operations in a foreign country in which no preclearance operations have been es- tablished as of February 24, 2016. (Pub. L. 114–125, title VIII, § 819, Feb. 24, 2016, 130 Stat. 222.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Sections 815 and 818, referred to in text, are sections 815 and 818 of Pub. L. 114–125. Section 815 amended sec- tion 44901 of Title 49, Transportation. Section 818 amended section 8311 of Title 7, Agriculture, and sec- tion 1356 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality. This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the origi- nal ‘‘this subtitle’’, meaning subtitle B (§§ 811–819) of title VIII of Pub. L. 114–125, which is classified prin- cipally to this subchapter. For complete classification of subtitle B to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of this title and Tables. SUBCHAPTER VIII—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS § 4451. Report on certain U.S. Customs and Bor- der Protection agreements (a) In general Not later than one year after entering into an agreement under a program specified in sub- section (b), and annually thereafter until the termination of the program, the Commissioner shall submit to the Committee on Finance and the Committee on Homeland Security and Gov- ernmental Affairs of the Senate and the Com- mittee on Ways and Means and the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Rep- resentatives a report that includes the fol- lowing: (1) A description of the development of the program, including an identification of the au- thority under which the program operates. (2) A description of the type of entity with which U.S. Customs and Border Protection en- tered into the agreement and the amount that entity reimbursed U.S. Customs and Border Protection under the agreement. (3) An identification of the type of port of entry to which the agreement relates and an assessment of how the agreement provides economic benefits and security benefits (if ap- plicable) at the port of entry. (4) A description of the services provided by U.S. Customs and Border Protection under the agreement during the year preceding the sub- mission of the report. (5) The amount of fees collected under the agreement during that year. (6) The total operating expenses of the pro- gram during that year. (7) A detailed accounting of how the fees col- lected under the agreement have been spent during that year. (8) A summary of any complaints or criti- cism received by U.S. Customs and Border Protection during that year regarding the agreement. (9) An assessment of the compliance of the entity described in paragraph (2) with the terms of the agreement. (10) Recommendations with respect to how activities conducted pursuant to the agree- ment could function more effectively or better produce economic benefits and security bene- fits (if applicable). (11) A summary of the benefits to and chal- lenges faced by U.S. Customs and Border Pro- tection and the entity described in paragraph (2) under the agreement. (12) If the entity described in paragraph (2) is an operator of an airport— (A) a detailed account of the revenue col- lected by U.S. Customs and Border Protec- tion at the airport from— (i) fees collected under the agreement; and (ii) fees collected from sources other than under the agreement, including fees paid by passengers and air carriers; and Page 1120 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 4452 (B) an assessment of the revenue described in subparagraph (A) compared with the oper- ating costs of U.S. Customs and Border Pro- tection at the airport. (b) Program specified A program specified in this subsection is— (1) the program for entering into reimburs- able fee agreements for the provision of U.S. Customs and Border Protection services estab- lished by section 560 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2013 (division D of Public Law 113–6; 127 Stat. 378); (2) the pilot program authorizing U.S. Cus- toms and Border Protection to enter into part- nerships with private sector and government entities at ports of entry established by sec- tion 559 of the Department of Homeland Secu- rity Appropriations Act, 2014 (division F of Public Law 113–76; 6 U.S.C. 211 note); (3) the program under which U.S. Customs and Border Protection collects a fee for the use of customs services at designated facilities under section 58b of this title; (4) the program established by subchapter VII of this chapter authorizing U.S. Customs and Border Protection to establish preclearance operations in foreign countries; or (5) the program for entering into reimburs- able fee agreements with U.S. Customs and Border Protection established under section 301 of title 6. (Pub. L. 114–125, title IX, § 907, Feb. 24, 2016, 130 Stat. 234; Pub. L. 114–279, § 3, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1422.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 560 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2013 (division D of Public Law 113–6; 127 Stat. 378), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is not classified to the Code. Subchapter VII of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was in the original ‘‘subtitle B of title VIII of this Act’’, meaning subtitle B (§§ 811–819) of title VIII of Pub. L. 114–125, which is classified principally to sub- chapter VII of this chapter. For complete classification of subtitle B to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of this title and Tables. AMENDMENTS 2016—Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 114–279 added par. (5). § 4452. United States-Israel trade and commercial enhancement (a) Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Israel is America’s dependable, demo- cratic ally in the Middle East—an area of paramount strategic importance to the United States. (2) The United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement formed the modern foundation of the bilateral commercial relationship between the two countries and was the first such agree- ment signed by the United States with a for- eign country. (3) The United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement has been instrumental in expand- ing commerce and the strategic relationship between the United States and Israel. (4) More than $45,000,000,000 in goods and services is traded annually between the two countries, in addition to roughly $10,000,000,000 in United States foreign direct investment in Israel. (5) The United States continues to look for and find new opportunities to enhance co- operation with Israel, including through the enactment of the United States-Israel En- hanced Security Cooperation Act of 2012 (Pub- lic Law 112–150; 22 U.S.C. 8601 et seq.) and the United States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 (Public Law 113–296; 128 Stat. 4075). (6) It has been the policy of the United States Government to combat all elements of the Arab League Boycott of Israel by— (A) public statements of Administration officials; (B) enactment of relevant sections of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. 4601 et seq.) (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)), including sections to ensure foreign persons comply with applicable reporting requirements re- lating to the Boycott; (C) enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1976 (Public Law 94–455; 90 Stat. 1520) that denies certain tax benefits to entities abid- ing by the Boycott; (D) ensuring through free trade agree- ments with Bahrain and Oman that such countries no longer participate in the Boy- cott; and (E) ensuring as a condition of membership in the World Trade Organization that Saudi Arabia no longer enforces the secondary or tertiary elements of the Boycott. (b) Statements of policy Congress— (1) supports the strengthening of economic cooperation between the United States and Israel and recognizes the tremendous stra- tegic, economic, and technological value of co- operation with Israel; (2) recognizes the benefit of cooperation with Israel to United States companies, including by improving American competitiveness in global markets; (3) recognizes the importance of trade and commercial relations to the pursuit and sus- tainability of peace, and supports efforts to bring together the United States, Israel, the Palestinian territories, and others in enhanced commerce; (4) opposes politically motivated actions that penalize or otherwise limit commercial relations specifically with Israel, such as boy- cotts of, divestment from, or sanctions against Israel; (5) notes that boycotts of, divestment from, and sanctions against Israel by governments, governmental bodies, quasi-governmental bod- ies, international organizations, and other such entities are contrary to principle of non- discrimination under the GATT 1994 (as de- fined in section 3501(1)(B) of this title); (6) encourages the inclusion of politically motivated actions that penalize or otherwise limit commercial relations specifically with