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50 U.S.C. § 1701 — Unusual and extraordinary threat; declaration of national emergency; exercise of Presidential authorities
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any authority granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.
**(b)** The authorities granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_3a52bdf907f10bf8fe16b6c5
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-50/section-1701-unusual-and-extraordinary-threat-declaration-of-national-emergency-exerc--66dcaf2bb5.md
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Passage SHA-256: 5cf03227eb6b20d53295fe220409218fc5c92b77b6ffc06edc4441619439e372
Source location: Title 50, Chapter 35, § 1701; chapter-035-international-emergency-economic-powers.md
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**(a)** Any authority granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.
**(b)** The authorities granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of list of controlled items** The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other appropriate departments and agencies, shall establish and maintain, as part of the United States Munitions List, a list of all items on the MTCR Annex the export of which is not controlled under section 4605(l) 11 See References in Text note below. of title 50.
**(b) Referral of license applications**
(1) A determination of the Secretary of State to approve a license for the export of an item on the list established under subsection (a) may be made only after the license application is referred to the Secretary of Defense.
(2) Within 10 days after a license is issued for the export of an item on the list established under subsection (a), the Secretary of State shall provide to the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Commerce the license application and accompanying documents issued to the applicant, to the extent that the relevant Secretary indicates the need to receive such application and documents.
**(c) Information sharing** The Secretary of State shall establish a procedure for sharing information with appropriate officials of the intelligence community, as determined by the Director of Central Intelligence, and with other appropriate Government agencies, that will ensure effective monitoring of transfers of MTCR equipment or technology and other missile technology.
**(d) Exports to space launch vehicle programs** Within 15 days after the issuance of a license (including any brokering license) for the export of items valued at less than $50,000,000 that are controlled under this chapter pursuant to United States obligations under the Missile Technology Control Regime and are goods or services that are intended to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2797
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** No assistance shall be furnished under this chapter or the Arms Export Control Act [[22 U.S.C. 2751](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2751&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] to any unit of the security forces of a foreign country if the Secretary of State has credible information that such unit has committed a gross violation of human rights.
**(b) Exception** The prohibition in subsection (a) shall not apply if the Secretary determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that the government of such country is taking effective steps to bring the responsible members of the security forces unit to justice.
**(c) Duty to inform**
(1) If assistance to a foreign security force is provided in a manner in which the recipient unit or units cannot be identified prior to the transfer of assistance, the Secretary of State shall regularly provide a list of units prohibited from receiving assistance pursuant to this section to the recipient government and the appropriate congressional committees and, effective December 31, 2022, such assistance shall only be made available subject to a written agreement that the recipient government will comply with such prohibition.
(2) If the recipient government withholds assistance from a unit pursuant to this section, the Secretary shall inform the appropriate congressional committees and shall, to the maximum extent practicable, assist the foreign government in bringing the responsible members of the unit to justice.
**(d) Credible information** The Secretary shall establish, and periodically update, procedures to—
(1) ensure that for each country the Department of State has a current list of all security force units receiving United States training, equipment,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2378d
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Department of Defense is an executive department of the United States.
**(b)** The Department is composed of the following:
(1) The Office of the Secretary of Defense.
(2) The Joint Chiefs of Staff.
(3) The Joint Staff.
(4) The Defense Agencies.
(5) Department of Defense Field Activities.
(6) The Department of the Army.
(7) The Department of the Navy.
(8) The Department of the Air Force.
(9) The unified and specified combatant commands.
(10) Such other offices, agencies, activities, and commands as may be established or designated by law or by the President.
(11) All offices, agencies, activities, and commands under the control or supervision of any element named in paragraphs (1) through (10).
**(c)** If the President establishes or designates an office, agency, activity, or command in the Department of Defense of a kind other than those described in paragraphs (1) through (9) of subsection (b), the President shall notify Congress not later than 60 days thereafter.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 111
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Classes of aliens ineligible for visas or admission** Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, aliens who are inadmissible under the following paragraphs are ineligible to receive visas and ineligible to be admitted to the United States:
(1) **Health-related grounds**
(A) *In general* — Any alien—
(i) who is determined (in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services) to have a communicable disease of public health significance; 11 So in original. The semicolon probably should be a comma.
(ii) except as provided in subparagraph (C), who seeks admission as an immigrant, or who seeks adjustment of status to the status of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence, and who has failed to present documentation of having received vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases, which shall include at least the following diseases: mumps, measles, rubella, polio, tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, pertussis, influenza type B and hepatitis B, and any other vaccinations against vaccine-preventable diseases recommended by the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices,
(iii) who is determined (in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services in consultation with the Attorney General)—
(I) to have a physical or mental disorder and behavior associated with the disorder that may pose, or has posed, a threat to the property, safety, or welfare of the alien or others, or
(II) to have had a physical or mental disorder and a history of behavior associated with the disorder, which behavior has posed a threat to the property, safety, or welfare of the alien or others and which behavior is likely to recur or to lead to other harmful behavior, or
(iv) who i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 8 U.S.C. § 1182
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Prohibited transactions by United States Government** The following transactions by the United States Government are prohibited:
(1) Exporting or otherwise providing (by sale, lease or loan, grant, or other means), directly or indirectly, any munitions item to a country described in subsection (d) under the authority of this chapter, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [[22 U.S.C. 2151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], or any other law (except as provided in subsection (h)). In implementing this paragraph, the United States Government—
(A) shall suspend delivery to such country of any such item pursuant to any such transaction which has not been completed at the time the Secretary of State makes the determination described in subsection (d), and
(B) shall terminate any lease or loan to such country of any such item which is in effect at the time the Secretary of State makes that determination.
(2) Providing credits, guarantees, or other financial assistance under the authority of this chapter, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [[22 U.S.C. 2151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], or any other law (except as provided in subsection (h)), with respect to the acquisition of any munitions item by a country described in subsection (d). In implementing this paragraph, the United States Government shall suspend expenditures pursuant to any such assistance obligated before the Secretary of State makes the determination described in subsection (d). The President may authorize expenditures otherwise required to be suspended pursuant to the preceding sentence if the President has determined, and reported to the Co
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2780
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment**
(1) **In general** — There is established a program for the payment of rewards to carry out the purposes of this section.
(2) **Purpose** — The rewards program shall be designed to assist in the prevention of acts of international terrorism, international narcotics trafficking, serious violations of international humanitarian law, foreign election interference, transnational organized crime, and other related criminal acts.
(3) **Implementation** — The rewards program shall be administered by the Secretary of State, in consultation, as appropriate, with the Attorney General.
**(b) Rewards authorized** In the sole discretion of the Secretary (except as provided in subsection (c)(2)) and in consultation, as appropriate, with the heads of other relevant departments or agencies, the Secretary may pay a reward to any individual who furnishes information leading to—
(1) the arrest or conviction in any country of any individual for the commission of an act of international terrorism against a United States person or United States property;
(2) the arrest or conviction in any country of any individual conspiring or attempting to commit an act of international terrorism against a United States person or United States property;
(3) the arrest or conviction in any country of any individual for committing, primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the United States, any narcotics-related offense if that offense involves or is a significant part of conduct that involves—
(A) a violation of United States narcotics laws such that the individual would be a major violator of such laws;
(B) the killing or kidnapping of—
(i) any officer, employee, or contract employee of the United States Government while such individual is engaged in offici
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2708
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Benefit plans as affecting interstate commerce and the Federal taxing power** The Congress finds that the growth in size, scope, and numbers of employee benefit plans in recent years has been rapid and substantial; that the operational scope and economic impact of such plans is increasingly interstate; that the continued well-being and security of millions of employees and their dependents are directly affected by these plans; that they are affected with a national public interest; that they have become an important factor affecting the stability of employment and the successful development of industrial relations; that they have become an important factor in commerce because of the interstate character of their activities, and of the activities of their participants, and the employers, employee organizations, and other entities by which they are established or maintained; that a large volume of the activities of such plans are carried on by means of the mails and instrumentalities of interstate commerce; that owing to the lack of employee information and adequate safeguards concerning their operation, it is desirable in the interests of employees and their beneficiaries, and to provide for the general welfare and the free flow of commerce, that disclosure be made and safeguards be provided with respect to the establishment, operation, and administration of such plans; that they substantially affect the revenues of the United States because they are afforded preferential Federal tax treatment; that despite the enormous growth in such plans many employees with long years of employment are losing anticipated retirement benefits owing to the lack of vesting provisions in such plans; that owing to the inadequacy of current minimum standards, the soundness and stabilit
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 1001
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of Congress that—
(1) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua by private citizens and select officials in local, regional, and Federal governments significantly damages the economies of such countries and deprives citizens of opportunities;
(2) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua is facilitated and carried out not only by private citizens and select officials from those countries but also in many instances by individuals from third countries; and
(3) imposing targeted sanctions on individuals from throughout the world and particularly in the Western Hemisphere who are engaged in acts of significant corruption that impact El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua or obstruction of investigations into such acts of corruption will benefit the citizens and governments of such countries.
**(b) Report required** Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020, and not less frequently than annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an unclassified report with classified annex if necessary that identifies each foreign person who the President determines to have knowingly engaged in actions that undermine democratic processes or institutions, or in significant corruption or obstruction of investigations into such acts of corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua, including the following:
(1) Corruption related to government contracts.
(2) Bribery and extortion.
(3) The facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of corruption, including through money laundering.
(4) Acts of violence, harassment, or intimidation directed at governmental and nongovernmental corruption investigators.
**(c) Imposition of sa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2277a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In division B, the term “executive agency” means—
(1) an executive department specified in [section 101 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section101&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) a military department specified in [section 102 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section102&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) an independent establishment as defined in [section 104(1) of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section104/1&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(4) a wholly owned Government corporation fully subject to chapter 91 of title 31.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 41 U.S.C. § 133
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Sanctions**
(1) Subject to subsections (c) through (g),11 See References in Text note below. if the President determines that a foreign person, after November 5, 1990, knowingly—
(A) exports, transfers, or otherwise engages in the trade of any MTCR equipment or technology that contributes to the acquisition, design, development, or production of missiles in a country that is not an MTCR adherent and would be, if it were United States-origin equipment or technology, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States under this chapter,
(B) conspires to or attempts to engage in such export, transfer, or trade, or
(C) facilitates such export, transfer, or trade by any other person,
or if the President has made a determination with respect to a foreign person under [section 4612(b)(1) of title 50](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section4612/b/1&num=0&edition=prelim), then the President shall impose on that foreign person the applicable sanctions under paragraph (2).
(2) The sanctions which apply to a foreign person under paragraph (1) are the following:
(A) If the item involved in the export, transfer, or trade is within category II of the MTCR Annex, then the President shall deny, for a period of 2 years—
(i) United States Government contracts relating to missile equipment or technology; and
(ii) licenses for the transfer to such foreign person of missile equipment or technology controlled under this chapter.
(B) If the item involved in the export, transfer, or trade is within category I of the MTCR Annex, then the President shall deny, for a period of not less than 2 years—
(i) all United States Government contracts with such foreign person; and
(ii) licenses for the transfer to such foreign p
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2797b
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