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22 U.S.C. § 2277a — Targeted sanctions to fight corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,11 So in original. Honduras, and Nicaragua

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2277a — Targeted sanctions to fight corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,11 So in original. Honduras, and Nicaragua

**(a) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of Congress that— (1) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua by private citizens and select officials in local, regional, and Federal governments significantly damages the economies of such countries and deprives citizens of opportunities; (2) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua is facilitated and carried out not only by private citizens and select officials from those countries but also in many instances by individuals from third countries; and (3) imposing targeted sanctions on individuals from throughout the world and particularly in the Western Hemisphere who are engaged in acts of significant corruption that impact El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua or obstruction of investigations into such acts of corruption will benefit the citizens and governments of such countries. **(b) Report required** Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020, and not less frequently than annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an unclassified report with classified annex if necessary that identifies each foreign person who the President determines to have knowingly engaged in actions that undermine democratic processes or institutions, or in significant corruption or obstruction of investigations into such acts of corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua, including the following: (1) Corruption related to government contracts. (2) Bribery and extortion. (3) The facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of corruption, including through money laundering. (4) Acts of violence, harassment, or intimidation directed at governmental and nongovernmental corruption investigators. **(c) Imposition of sa

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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_252cb65eee5ca49da45b79bc
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2277a-targeted-sanctions-to-fight-corruption-in-el-salvador-guatemala-11--9da01ea9ed.md
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Passage SHA-256: b8f70b12480e59014953bd480059462231357d2721add9c0128c9ddbfefddb57

Source location: Title 22, Chapter 32, § 2277a; chapter-032-foreign-assistance.md

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**(a) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of Congress that— (1) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua by private citizens and select officials in local, regional, and Federal governments significantly damages the economies of such countries and deprives citizens of opportunities; (2) corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua is facilitated and carried out not only by private citizens and select officials from those countries but also in many instances by individuals from third countries; and (3) imposing targeted sanctions on individuals from throughout the world and particularly in the Western Hemisphere who are engaged in acts of significant corruption that impact El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua or obstruction of investigations into such acts of corruption will benefit the citizens and governments of such countries. **(b) Report required** Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020, and not less frequently than annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an unclassified report with classified annex if necessary that identifies each foreign person who the President determines to have knowingly engaged in actions that undermine democratic processes or institutions, or in significant corruption or obstruction of investigations into such acts of corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,,1 Honduras, and Nicaragua, including the following: (1) Corruption related to government contracts. (2) Bribery and extortion. (3) The facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of corruption, including through money laundering. (4) Acts of violence, harassment, or intimidation directed at governmental and nongovernmental corruption investigators. **(c) Imposition of sanctions** The President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (d) with respect to each foreign person identified in the report required under subsection (b). **(d) Sanctions described** (1) **In general** — The sanctions described in this subsection are the following: (A) *Ineligibility for visas and admission to the United States* — In the case of a foreign person who is an individual, such foreign person is— (i) inadmissible to the United States; (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act ([8 U.S.C. 1101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). (B) *Current visas revoked* (i) *In general* — The issuing consular officer or the Secretary of State, (or a designee of the Secretary of State) shall, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ([8 U.S.C. 1201(i)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1201/i&num=0&edition=prelim)), revoke any visa or other entry documentation issued to a foreign person regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is issued. (ii) *Effect of revocation* — A revocation under clause (i) shall— (I) take effect immediately; and (II) automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the foreign person’s possession. (2) **Exception to comply with international obligations** — Sanctions under subparagraph (B) and (C) 22 So in original. Probably should be “subparagraphs (A) and (B)”. of paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a foreign person if admitting or paroling such person into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations. **(e) National security waiver** The President may waive the application of the sanctions under subsection (c) 33 So in original. Probably should be “subsection (d)”. if the President— (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national security interest of the United States; and (2) submits to the appropriate congressional committees within 15 days after such determination a notice of and justification for the waiver. **(f) Termination** The authority to impose sanctions under subsection (b),44 So in original. Probably should be “subsection (c),”. and any sanctions imposed pursuant to such authority, shall expire on the date that is 3 years after December 27, 2020. **(g) Public availability** The unclassified portion of the report required by subsection (b) shall be made available to the public, including through publication in the Federal Register. In any case in which the President concludes that such publication would be harmful to the national security of the United States, only a statement that a determination or finding has been made by the President, including the name and section of the Act under which it was made, shall be published. **(h) Definitions** In this section, the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

8 U.S.C. § 1101 — Definitions

**(a)** As used in this chapter— (1) The term “administrator” means the official designated by the Secretary of State pursuant to [section 1104(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1104/b&num=0&edition=prelim). (2) The term “advocates” includes, but is not limited to, advises, recommends, furthers by overt act, and admits belief in. (3) The term “alien” means any person not a citizen or national of the United States. (4) The term “application for admission” has reference to the application for admission into the United States and not to the application for the issuance of an immigrant or nonimmigrant visa. (5) The term “Attorney General” means the Attorney General of the United States. (6) The term “border crossing identification card” means a document of identity bearing that designation issued to an alien who is lawfully admitted for permanent residence, or to an alien who is a resident in foreign contiguous territory, by a consular officer or an immigration officer for the purpose of crossing over the borders between the United States and foreign contiguous territory in accordance with such conditions for its issuance and use as may be prescribed by regulations. Such regulations shall provide that (A) each such document include a biometric identifier (such as the fingerprint or handprint of the alien) that is machine readable and (B) an alien presenting a border crossing identification card is not permitted to cross over the border into the United States unless the biometric identifier contained on the card matches the appropriate biometric characteristic of the alien. (7) The term “clerk of court” means a clerk of a naturalization court. (8) The terms “Commissioner” and “Deputy Commissioner” mean the Co

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

3 U.S.C. § 301 — General authorization to delegate functions; publication of delegations

The President of the United States is authorized to designate and empower the head of any department or agency in the executive branch, or any official thereof who is required to be appointed by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to perform without approval, ratification, or other action by the President (1) any function which is vested in the President by law, or (2) any function which such officer is required or authorized by law to perform only with or subject to the approval, ratification, or other action of the President: Provided, That nothing contained herein shall relieve the President of his responsibility in office for the acts of any such head or other official designated by him to perform such functions. Such designation and authorization shall be in writing, shall be published in the Federal Register, shall be subject to such terms, conditions, and limitations as the President may deem advisable, and shall be revocable at any time by the President in whole or in part.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

50 U.S.C. § 1701 — Unusual and extraordinary threat; declaration of national emergency; exercise of Presidential authorities

**(a)** Any authority granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat. **(b)** The authorities granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2277a — Targeted sanctions to fight corruption in

Page 716 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 2277a 1 So in original. forced displacement in accordance with the priorities outlined in subsection (b)(1); (2) strengthening national justice systems and attorneys generals,1 supporting multilat- eral anticorruption mechanisms, identifying and prosecuting money laundering and other financial crimes, breaking up financial hold- ings of organized criminal syndicates, and ad- vancing judicial integrity and investigative capacity of local authorities in accordance with the priorities outlined in subsection (b)(2); (3) strengthening government institutions at the local and national levels to provide serv- ices and respond to citizen needs through transparent, inclusive, and democratic proc- esses, promoting human rights, building the capacity of independent media, developing the capacity of civil society to conduct oversight, affording legal protections for human rights defenders and members of civil society, and strengthening electoral institutions in accord- ance with priorities outlined in subsection (b)(3); and (4) implementing the objectives stated under the Central America Regional Security Initia- tive and building the capacity of civilian secu- rity services in accordance with the priorities outlined in subsection (b)(4). (e) Public diplomacy The strategy required under this section shall include a public diplomacy strategy for edu- cating citizens of the region about United States assistance and its benefits to them, and inform- ing such citizens of the dangers of irregular mi- gration to the United States. (f) Annual progress updates Not later than 1 year after the submission of the strategy required under this section and an- nually thereafter for 4 years, the Secretary of State

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

8 U.S.C. § 1101 — Definitions

Page 16 TITLE 8—ALIENS AND NATIONALITY § 1101 Sec. 1484 to 1487. Repealed. 1488. Nationality lost solely from performance of acts or fulfillment of conditions. 1489. Application of treaties; exceptions. PART IV—MISCELLANEOUS 1501. Certificate of diplomatic or consular officer of United States as to loss of American na- tionality. 1502. Certificate of nationality issued by Secretary of State for person not a naturalized citizen of United States for use in proceedings of a foreign state. 1503. Denial of rights and privileges as national. 1504. Cancellation of United States passports and Consular Reports of Birth. SUBCHAPTER IV—REFUGEE ASSISTANCE 1521. Office of Refugee Resettlement; establish- ment; appointment of Director; functions. 1522. Authorization for programs for domestic re- settlement of and assistance to refugees. 1523. Congressional reports. 1524. Authorization of appropriations. 1525. Repealed. SUBCHAPTER V—ALIEN TERRORIST REMOVAL PROCEDURES 1531. Definitions. 1532. Establishment of removal court. 1533. Removal court procedure. 1534. Removal hearing. 1535. Appeals. 1536. Custody and release pending removal hearing. 1537. Custody and release after removal hearing. SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS § 1101. Definitions (a) As used in this chapter— (1) The term ‘‘administrator’’ means the offi- cial designated by the Secretary of State pursu- ant to section 1104(b) of this title. (2) The term ‘‘advocates’’ includes, but is not limited to, advises, recommends, furthers by overt act, and admits belief in. (3) The term ‘‘alien’’ means any person not a citizen or national of the United States. (4) The term ‘‘application for admission’’ has reference to the application for admission into the United States and not

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

8 U.S.C. § 1201 — Issuance of visas

**(a) Immigrants; nonimmigrants** (1) Under the conditions hereinafter prescribed and subject to the limitations prescribed in this chapter or regulations issued thereunder, a consular officer may issue (A) to an immigrant who has made proper application therefor, an immigrant visa which shall consist of the application provided for in [section 1202 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1202&num=0&edition=prelim), visaed by such consular officer, and shall specify the foreign state, if any, to which the immigrant is charged, the immigrant’s particular status under such foreign state, the preference, immediate relative, or special immigrant classification to which the alien is charged, the date on which the validity of the visa shall expire, and such additional information as may be required; and (B) to a nonimmigrant who has made proper application therefor, a nonimmigrant visa, which shall specify the classification under [section 1101(a)(15) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1101/a/15&num=0&edition=prelim) of the nonimmigrant, the period during which the nonimmigrant visa shall be valid, and such additional information as may be required. (2) The Secretary of State shall provide to the Service an electronic version of the visa file of each alien who has been issued a visa to ensure that the data in that visa file is available to immigration inspectors at the United States ports of entry before the arrival of the alien at such a port of entry. **(b) Registration; photographs; waiver of requirement** Each alien who applies for a visa shall be registered in connection with his application, and shall furnish copies of his photograph signed by him for such u

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

8 U.S.C. § 1201 — Issuance of visas

Page 278 TITLE 8—ALIENS AND NATIONALITY § 1201 1996—Pub. L. 104–208, § 671(c)(1), made technical amendment to section catchline. Subsec. (b)(3)(D), (E). Pub. L. 104–208, § 356, added sub- pars. (D) and (E). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2001 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 107–56 effective Oct. 26, 2001, and applicable to actions taken by an alien before, on, or after Oct. 26, 2001, and to all aliens, regardless of date of entry or attempted entry into the United States, in removal proceedings on or after such date (except for proceedings in which there has been a final administrative decision before such date) or seeking admission to the United States on or after such date, with special rules and exceptions, see section 411(c) of Pub. L. 107–56, set out as a note under section 1182 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 356 of Pub. L. 104–208 effective as if included in the enactment of subtitle A of title IV of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104–132, see section 358 of Pub. L. 104–208, set out as a note under section 1182 of this title. Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title VI, § 671(c)(7), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–723, provided that: ‘‘The amend- ments made by this subsection [amending this section and sections 1105a and 1252a of this title] shall take ef- fect as if included in the enactment of subtitle A of title IV of AEPDA [AEDPA, Pub. L. 104–132].’’ ABOLITION OF IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS For abolition of Immigration and Naturalization Service, transfer of functions, and treatment of related references, see note set out under section 1551 of this title. SAVINGS PROVISION Pub. L. 108–458, title VII, § 71

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