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7 U.S.C. § 3311 — Authorization of appropriations
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Existing programs** Notwithstanding any authorization for appropriations for agricultural research in any Act enacted prior to September 29, 1977, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this chapter, except sections 3152,11 So in original. The comma probably should not appear. and 2669 of this title, and the competitive grants program provided for in section 1414,22 See References in Text note below. and except that the authorization for moneys provided under the Act of March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as amended; [7 U.S.C. 361a–361i](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a–361i&num=0&edition=prelim)), is excluded and is provided for in subsection (b) of this section, such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1991 through 2023.
**(b) Agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations** Notwithstanding any authorization for appropriations for agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations in any Act enacted prior to September 29, 1977, there are authorized to be appropriated for the purpose of conducting agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations pursuant to the Act of March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as amended; [7 U.S.C. 361a–361i](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a–361i&num=0&edition=prelim)), such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1991 through 2023.
**(c) Funding requirements for programs** Notwithstanding any other provision of law effective beginning October 1, 1983, not less than 25 per centum of the total funds appropriated to the Secretary in any fiscal year for the conduct of the cooperative research program provided for under the Ac
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-3311-authorization-of-appropriations--1ba3d496c3.md
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Source location: Title 7, Chapter 64, § 3311; chapter-064-agricultural-research-extension-and-teaching.md
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**(a) Existing programs** Notwithstanding any authorization for appropriations for agricultural research in any Act enacted prior to September 29, 1977, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this chapter, except sections 3152,11 So in original. The comma probably should not appear. and 2669 of this title, and the competitive grants program provided for in section 1414,22 See References in Text note below. and except that the authorization for moneys provided under the Act of March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as amended; [7 U.S.C. 361a–361i](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a–361i&num=0&edition=prelim)), is excluded and is provided for in subsection (b) of this section, such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1991 through 2023.
**(b) Agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations** Notwithstanding any authorization for appropriations for agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations in any Act enacted prior to September 29, 1977, there are authorized to be appropriated for the purpose of conducting agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations pursuant to the Act of March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440–442, as amended; [7 U.S.C. 361a–361i](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a–361i&num=0&edition=prelim)), such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1991 through 2023.
**(c) Funding requirements for programs** Notwithstanding any other provision of law effective beginning October 1, 1983, not less than 25 per centum of the total funds appropriated to the Secretary in any fiscal year for the conduct of the cooperative research program provided for under the Act of March 2, 1887, commonly known as the Hatch Act ([7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); the cooperative forestry research program provided for under the Act of October 10, 1962, commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis Act ([16 U.S.C. 582a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section582a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); the special and competitive grants programs provided for in sections 2(b) and 2(c) of the Act of August 4, 1965 ([7 U.S.C. 450i](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section450i&num=0&edition=prelim)); 2 the animal health research program provided for under sections 3195(a) and 3196 of this title; the native latex research program provided for in the Native Latex Commercialization and Economic Development Act of 1978 ([7 U.S.C. 178](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section178&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); and the research provided for under various statutes for which funds are appropriated under the Agricultural Research heading or a successor heading, shall be appropriated for research at State agricultural experiment stations pursuant to the provision of the Act of March 2, 1887.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of grant program**
(1) In order to promote research in food, agriculture, and related areas, a research grants program is hereby established in the Department of Agriculture.
(2) **Short Title.—** — This section may be cited as the “Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act”.
**(b) Agriculture and food research initiative**
(1) **Establishment** — There is established in the Department of Agriculture an Agriculture and Food Research Initiative under which the Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this subsection as “the Secretary”) may make competitive grants for fundamental and applied research, extension, and education to address food and agricultural sciences (as defined under [section 3103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3103&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(2) **Priority areas** — The competitive grants program established under this subsection shall address the following areas:
(A) *Plant health and production and plant products* — Plant systems, including—
(i) plant genome structure and function;
(ii) molecular and cellular genetics and plant biotechnology;
(iii) conventional breeding, including cultivar and breed development, selection theory, applied quantitative genetics, breeding for improved food quality, breeding for improved local adaptation to biotic stress and abiotic stress, and participatory breeding;
(iv) plant-pest interactions and biocontrol systems;
(v) crop plant response to environmental stresses;
(vi) unproved nutrient qualities of plant products; and
(vii) new food and industrial uses of plant products.
(B) *Animal health and production and animal products* — Animal systems, including—
(i) aquaculture;
(
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3157
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purposes of this chapter are to—
(1) establish firmly the Department of Agriculture as the lead agency in the Federal Government for the food and agricultural sciences, and to emphasize that agricultural research, extension, and teaching are distinct missions of the Department of Agriculture;
(2) undertake the special measures set forth in this chapter to improve the coordination and planning of agricultural research, extension, and teaching programs, identify needs and establish priorities for these programs, assure that national agricultural research, extension, and teaching objectives are fully achieved, and assure that the results of agricultural research are effectively communicated and demonstrated to farmers, processors, handlers, consumers, and all other users who can benefit therefrom;
(3) increase cooperation and coordination in the performance of agricultural research by Federal departments and agencies, the States, State agricultural experiment stations, colleges and universities, and user groups;
(4) enable the Federal Government, the States, colleges and universities, and others to implement needed agricultural research, extension, and teaching programs, through the establishment of new programs and the improvement of existing programs, as provided for in this chapter;
(5) establish a new program of grants for high-priority agricultural research to be awarded on the basis of competition among research workers and all colleges and universities;
(6) establish a new program of grants for facilities and instrumentation used in agricultural research; and
(7) establish a new program of education grants and fellowships to strengthen research, extension, and teaching programs in the food and agricultural sciences, to be awarded on the basis of competiti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) Congress recognizes that natural latex rubber is a commodity of vital importance to the economy, the defense, and the general well-being of the Nation. The United States is totally dependent upon foreign sources for its supplies of natural (Hevea) latex, which total about one million tons per year. Synthetic rubber, manufactured from petroleum feedstocks, cannot be substituted for natural rubber.
(2) Congress further recognizes that certain plant species of the genus Parthenium (Guayule), native to Texas and the Republic of Mexico, as well as other plants, are known to contain commercial quantities of extractable rubber. During World War II, through research carried out by the Secretary of Agriculture in the Emergency Rubber Project, the United States demonstrated that Parthenium latex is a promising and realistic substitute for Hevea latex.
(3) Congress further recognizes that additional research and development are needed, especially into methods for increasing latex yields, before commercialization of native Parthenium latex or other hydrocarbon-containing plants by private industry is feasible.
(4) Congress further recognizes that the development of a domestic natural rubber industry, based on Parthenium and other hydrocarbon-containing plants, would not only relieve the Nation’s dependence upon foreign latex sources but also convey substantial economic benefits to people living in arid and semiarid regions of the United States. Such an industry would comprise the agricultural production of the hydrocarbon-containing plants and the development of commercial processing and manufacturing facilities to extract the latex and other products.
(5) Congress further recognizes that ongoing research into the development and commercialization of native latex h
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 178
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The powers conferred under this chapter shall not be used to discourage the production of supplies of foods and fibers sufficient to maintain normal domestic human consumption as determined by the Secretary from the records of domestic human consumption in the years 1920 to 1929, inclusive, taking into consideration increased population quantities of any commodity that were forced into domestic consumption by decline in exports during such period, current trends in domestic consumption and exports of particular commodities, and the quantities of substitutes available for domestic consumption within any general class of food commodities. In carrying out the purposes of this chapter it shall be the duty of the Secretary to give due regard to the maintenance of a continuous and stable supply of agricultural commodities from domestic production adequate to meet consumer demand at prices fair to both producers and consumers.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1307
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the policy of Congress to continue the agricultural research at State agricultural experiment stations which has been encouraged and supported by the Hatch Act of 1887 [[7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the Adams Act of 1906, the Purnell Act of 1925, the Bankhead-Jones Act of 1935, and title I, section 9, of that Act as added by the Act of August 14, 1946, and Acts amendatory and supplementary thereto, and to promote the efficiency of such research by a codification and simplification of such laws. As used in this Act [[7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the terms “State” or “States” are defined to include the several States (including the District of Columbia), Puerto Rico, Guam and the Virgin Islands. As used in this Act [[7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the term “State agricultural experiment station” means a department which shall have been established, under direction of the college or university or agricultural departments of the college or university in each State in accordance with an Act approved July 2, 1862, (12 Stat. 503), entitled “An Act donating public lands to the several States and Territories which may provide colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts” [[7 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]; or such other substantially equivalent arrangements as any State shall determine.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 361a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given the term in [section 5602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher** — The term “geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher” has the meaning given the term in section 10906(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 ([7 U.S.C. 2204](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2204&num=0&edition=prelim) note; Public Law 107–171).
**(b) Authorization** Subject to the availability of funds under subsection (d), the Secretary may provide geographically disadvantaged farmers or ranchers direct reimbursement payments for activities described in subsection (c).
**(c) Transportation**
(1) **In general** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may provide direct reimbursement payments to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher to transport an agricultural commodity, or inputs used to produce an agricultural commodity, during a fiscal year.
(2) **Proof of eligibility** — To be eligible to receive assistance under paragraph (1), a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher shall demonstrate to the Secretary that transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs occurred over a distance of more than 30 miles, as determined by the Secretary.
(3) **Amount**
(A) *In general* — Subject to paragraph (2), the amount of direct reimbursement payments made to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher under this section for a fiscal year shall equal the product obtained by multiplying—
(i) the amount of costs incurred by the geographically di
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 8701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Flowers and plants are an integral part of American life, contributing a natural and beautiful element, especially in urban areas, to what is increasingly a manmade, artificial environment for this country’s citizens. Providing comfort and pleasure for many special occasions as well as for everyday living, flowers and plants work against visual pollution and, in the case of green plants, generate oxygen within their environment. The flowers and plants to which this chapter refers are cut flowers, potted flowering plants, and foliage plants. These flowers and plants are produced by many individual producers throughout the United States and in foreign countries. These products move in interstate and foreign commerce, and those that do not move in such channels of commerce directly burden or affect interstate commerce of these products. The maintenance and expansion of existing markets and the development of new or improved markets and uses are vital to the welfare of flower and plant producers, brokers, wholesalers, and retailers throughout the Nation. The floral industry within the United States is comprised mainly of small- and medium-sized businesses. The producers are primarily agriculturally-oriented companies rather than promotion-oriented companies. The development and implementation of coordinated programs of research and promotion necessary for the maintenance of markets and the development of new markets have been inadequate. Without cooperative action in providing for and financing such programs, individual flower and plant producers, wholesalers, and retailers are unable to implement programs of research, consumer and producer information, and promotion necessary to maintain and improve markets for these products. It is widely recognized that it is in the publ
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 4301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is recognized that research in forestry is the driving force behind progress in developing and utilizing the resources of the Nation’s forest and related rangelands. The production, protection, and utilization of the forest resources depend on strong technological advances and continuing development of the knowledge necessary to increase the efficiency of forestry practices and to extend the benefits that flow from forest and related rangelands. It is recognized that the total forestry research efforts of the several State colleges and universities and of the Federal Government are more fully effective if there is close coordination between such programs, and it is further recognized that forestry schools are especially vital in the training of research workers in forestry. It is also recognized that the provisions of this subchapter are essential to assist in providing the research background that undergirds the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 [[16 U.S.C. 1600](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1600&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978,11 See References in Text note below. and the Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977 [[16 U.S.C. 2001](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section2001&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 582a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section 450i was editorially reclassified as [section 3157 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3157&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 450i
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1089
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 582a
1 See References in Text note below.
(Oct. 11, 1949, ch. 674, § 1, 63 Stat. 763.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The benefits hereinbefore enumerated, referred to in
text, means the benefits enumerated in the preamble to
Joint Res. 53, Oct. 11, 1949, ch. 674, 63 Stat. 762. The pre-
amble is set out as a note below.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
PREAMBLE
The preamble to act Oct. 11, 1949, provided that:
‘‘Whereas the national forests of the United States
contain approximately eighty million acres of the Na-
tion’s commercial timber lands and approximately
eighty-three million acres of the Nation’s important
grazing lands; and
‘‘Whereas these national-forest lands comprise the
principal source of water supply for domestic, irriga-
tion, and industrial purposes for thousands of commu-
nities, farms, and industries, and good forest and other
vegetative cover is essential for watershed protection;
and
‘‘Whereas these lands annually supply approximately
four billion board-feet of forest products through twen-
ty-seven thousand sales transactions and the demand
for national forest timber is steadily increasing; and
‘‘Whereas these lands are the sole or main source of
summer range for ten million cattle and sheep grazed
by thirty thousand livestock permittees whose liveli-
hood is wholly or partially dependent upon livestock
grazed on national-forest ranges; and
‘‘Whereas these lands contain over four million acres
of denuded and unsatisfactorily stocked timberlands
and an additional four million acres of seriously de-
pleted range lands; and
‘‘Whereas all of these lands are potentially capable of
producing an important part of the timber and forage
needs of local communities, and contributing to
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 582a
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