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16 U.S.C. § 582a — Congressional findings
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is recognized that research in forestry is the driving force behind progress in developing and utilizing the resources of the Nation’s forest and related rangelands. The production, protection, and utilization of the forest resources depend on strong technological advances and continuing development of the knowledge necessary to increase the efficiency of forestry practices and to extend the benefits that flow from forest and related rangelands. It is recognized that the total forestry research efforts of the several State colleges and universities and of the Federal Government are more fully effective if there is close coordination between such programs, and it is further recognized that forestry schools are especially vital in the training of research workers in forestry. It is also recognized that the provisions of this subchapter are essential to assist in providing the research background that undergirds the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 [[16 U.S.C. 1600](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1600&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978,11 See References in Text note below. and the Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977 [[16 U.S.C. 2001](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section2001&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 582a
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-16/section-582a-congressional-findings--1ff521de9e.md
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 3, § 582a; chapter-003-forests-forest-service-reforestation-management.md
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It is recognized that research in forestry is the driving force behind progress in developing and utilizing the resources of the Nation’s forest and related rangelands. The production, protection, and utilization of the forest resources depend on strong technological advances and continuing development of the knowledge necessary to increase the efficiency of forestry practices and to extend the benefits that flow from forest and related rangelands. It is recognized that the total forestry research efforts of the several State colleges and universities and of the Federal Government are more fully effective if there is close coordination between such programs, and it is further recognized that forestry schools are especially vital in the training of research workers in forestry. It is also recognized that the provisions of this subchapter are essential to assist in providing the research background that undergirds the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 [[16 U.S.C. 1600](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1600&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978,11 See References in Text note below. and the Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977 [[16 U.S.C. 2001](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section2001&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds that:
(1) There is a growing demand on the soil, water, and related resources of the Nation to meet present and future needs.
(2) The Congress, in its concern for sustained use of the resource base of the United States, has ensured that the Department of Agriculture possesses information, technical expertise, and a delivery system for providing assistance to land users with respect to conservation and use of soils; plants; woodlands; watershed protection and flood prevention; the conservation, development, utilization, and disposal of water; animal husbandry; fish and wildlife management; recreation; community development; and related resource uses.
(3) Appraisal and inventory of resources, assessment and inventory of conservation needs, evaluation of the effects of conservation practices, and analyses of alternative approaches to existing conservation programs are basic to effective soil, water, and related natural resource conservation.
(4) Since individual and governmental decisions concerning soil and water resources often transcend administrative boundaries and affect other programs and decisions, a coordinated appraisal and program framework are essential.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 2001
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Congress finds that—
(1) the extension program of the Department of Agriculture and the extension activities of each State provide useful and productive educational programs for private forest and range landowners and processors and consumptive and nonconsumptive users of forest and rangeland renewable resources, and these educational programs complement research and assistance programs conducted by the Department of Agriculture;
(2) to meet national goals, it is essential that all forest and rangeland renewable resources (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as “renewable resources”), including fish and wildlife, forage, outdoor recreation opportunities, timber, and water, be fully considered in designing educational programs for landowners, processors, and users;
(3) more efficient utilization and marketing of renewable resources extend available supplies of such resources, provide products to consumers at prices less than they would otherwise be, and promote reasonable returns on the investments of landowners, processors, and users;
(4) trees and forests in urban areas improve the esthetic quality, reduce noise, filter impurities from the air and add oxygen to it, save energy by moderating temperature extremes, control wind and water erosion, and provide habitat for wildlife; and
(5) trees and shrubs used as shelterbelts protect farm lands from wind and water erosion, promote moisture accumulation in the soil, and provide habitat for wildlife.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1671
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Flowers and plants are an integral part of American life, contributing a natural and beautiful element, especially in urban areas, to what is increasingly a manmade, artificial environment for this country’s citizens. Providing comfort and pleasure for many special occasions as well as for everyday living, flowers and plants work against visual pollution and, in the case of green plants, generate oxygen within their environment. The flowers and plants to which this chapter refers are cut flowers, potted flowering plants, and foliage plants. These flowers and plants are produced by many individual producers throughout the United States and in foreign countries. These products move in interstate and foreign commerce, and those that do not move in such channels of commerce directly burden or affect interstate commerce of these products. The maintenance and expansion of existing markets and the development of new or improved markets and uses are vital to the welfare of flower and plant producers, brokers, wholesalers, and retailers throughout the Nation. The floral industry within the United States is comprised mainly of small- and medium-sized businesses. The producers are primarily agriculturally-oriented companies rather than promotion-oriented companies. The development and implementation of coordinated programs of research and promotion necessary for the maintenance of markets and the development of new markets have been inadequate. Without cooperative action in providing for and financing such programs, individual flower and plant producers, wholesalers, and retailers are unable to implement programs of research, consumer and producer information, and promotion necessary to maintain and improve markets for these products. It is widely recognized that it is in the publ
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 4301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds that—
(1) the management of the Nation’s renewable resources is highly complex and the uses, demand for, and supply of the various resources are subject to change over time;
(2) the public interest is served by the Forest Service, Department of Agriculture, in cooperation with other agencies, assessing the Nation’s renewable resources, and developing and preparing a national renewable resource program, which is periodically reviewed and updated;
(3) to serve the national interest, the renewable resource program must be based on a comprehensive assessment of present and anticipated uses, demand for, and supply of renewable resources from the Nation’s public and private forests and rangelands, through analysis of environmental and economic impacts, coordination of multiple use and sustained yield opportunities as provided in the Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960 (74 Stat. 215; [16 U.S.C. 528–531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section528–531&num=0&edition=prelim)), and public participation in the development of the program;
(4) the new knowledge derived from coordinated public and private research programs will promote a sound technical and ecological base for effective management, use, and protection of the Nation’s renewable resources;
(5) inasmuch as the majority of the Nation’s forests and rangeland is under private, State, and local governmental management and the Nation’s major capacity to produce goods and services is based on these nonfederally managed renewable resources, the Federal Government should be a catalyst to encourage and assist these owners in the efficient long-term use and improvement of these lands and their renewable resources consistent with the principles of sustained yield and
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1600
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Types of programs; preconditions and cooperation with State program directors, etc.** The Secretary of Agriculture (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the “Secretary”), under conditions the Secretary may prescribe and in cooperation with the State directors of cooperative extension service programs and eligible colleges and universities, shall—
(1) provide educational programs that enable individuals to recognize, analyze, and resolve problems dealing with renewable resources, including forest- and range-based outdoor recreation opportunities, trees and forests in urban areas, and trees and shrubs in shelterbelts;
(2) use educational programs to disseminate the results of research on renewable resources;
(3) conduct educational programs that transfer the best available technology to those involved in the management and protection of forests and rangelands and the processing and use of their associated renewable resources;
(4) develop and implement educational programs that give special attention to the educational needs of small, private nonindustrial forest landowners;
(5) develop and implement educational programs in range and fish and wildlife management;
(6) assist in providing continuing education programs for professionally trained individuals in fish and wildlife, forest, range, and watershed management and related fields;
(7) help forest and range landowners in securing technical and financial assistance to bring appropriate expertise to bear on their problems;
(8) help identify areas of needed research regarding renewable resources;
(9) in cooperation with State foresters or equivalent State officials, promote public understanding of the energy conservation, economic, social, environmental, and psychological values of trees and open sp
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1672
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Development by State program director, etc., of comprehensive and coordinated program by mutual agreement; consultations; review procedure** The State director of cooperative extension programs (hereinafter in this subchapter referred to as the “State director”) and the administrative heads of extension for eligible colleges and universities in each State shall jointly develop, by mutual agreement, a single comprehensive and coordinated renewable resources extension program in which the role of each eligible college and university is well-defined. In meeting this responsibility, the State director and the administrative heads of extension for eligible colleges and universities shall consult and seek agreement with the administrative technical representatives and the forestry representatives provided for by the Secretary in implementation of the Act of October 10, 1962 (76 Stat. 806–807, as amended; [16 U.S.C. 582a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section582a&num=0&edition=prelim), 582a–1—582a–7), in the State. Each State’s renewable resources extension program shall be submitted to the Secretary annually. The National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board established under [section 3123 of title 7](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3123&num=0&edition=prelim) shall review and make recommendations to the Secretary pertaining to programs conducted under this subchapter.
**(b) Encouragement by State director, etc., of cooperation between county and State extension staffs and appropriate Federal and State agencies and organizations** The State director and the administrative heads of extension for eligible colleges and universities in each State shall enco
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1673
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Prohibition.—** A federal agency is prohibited from obtaining excess personal property for the purpose of furnishing the property to a grantee of the agency, except as provided in this section.
**(b) Exception for Public Agencies and Tax-exempt Nonprofit Organizations.—**
(1) **In general.—** — Under regulations the Administrator of General Services may prescribe, a federal agency may obtain excess personal property for the purpose of furnishing it to a public agency or an organization that is nonprofit and exempt from taxation under section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 ([26 U.S.C. 501](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section501&num=0&edition=prelim)), if—
(A) the agency or organization is conducting a federally sponsored project pursuant to a grant made for a specific purpose with a specific termination provision;
(B) the property is to be furnished for use in connection with the grant; and
(C)
(i) the sponsoring federal agency pays an amount equal to 25 percent of the original acquisition cost (except for costs of care and handling) of the excess property; and
(ii) the amount is deposited in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.
(2) **Title.—** — Title to excess property obtained under this subsection vests in the grantee. The grantee shall account for and dispose of the property in accordance with procedures governing accountability for personal property acquired under grant agreements.
**(c) Exception for Certain Property Furnished by Secretary of Agriculture.—**
(1) **Definition.—** — In this subsection, the term “State” means a State of the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 40 U.S.C. § 525
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
When used in this chapter:
(1) The term “Advisory Board” means the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board.
(2) The term “agricultural research” means research in the food and agricultural sciences.
(3) The term “aquaculture” means the propagation and rearing of aquacultural species, including, but not limited to, any species of finfish, mollusk, or crustacean (or other aquatic invertebrate), amphibian, reptile, ornamental fish, or aquatic plant, in controlled or selected environments.
(4) **College and university.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The terms “college” and “university” mean an educational institution in any State which (i) admits as regular students only persons having a certificate of graduation from a school providing secondary education, or the recognized equivalent of such a certificate, (ii) is legally authorized within such State to provide a program of education beyond secondary education, (iii) provides an educational program for which a bachelor’s degree or any other higher degree is awarded, (iv) is a public or other nonprofit institution, and (v) is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association.
(B) *Inclusions.—* — The terms “college” and “university” include a research foundation maintained by a college or university described in subparagraph (A).
(5) **Cooperating forestry school.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The term “cooperating forestry school” means an institution—
(i) that is eligible to receive funds under Public Law 87–788 (commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Act; [16 U.S.C. 582a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section582a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); and
(ii) with respect to which the Secreta
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3103
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Covered programs; statement of purposes** A unique partnership arrangement exists in food and agricultural research, extension, and teaching between the Federal Government and the governments of the several States whereby the States have accepted and have supported, through legislation and appropriations—
(1) research programs under—
(A) the Act of March 2, 1887 ([7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the Hatch Act of 1887;
(B) the Act of October 10, 1962 ([16 U.S.C. 582a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section582a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis Act of 1962;
(C) subchapter V of this chapter; and
(D) subchapter VI of this chapter;
(2) extension programs under subchapter VI of this chapter and the Act of May 8, 1914 ([7 U.S.C. 341](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section341&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the Smith-Lever Act;
(3) teaching programs under—
(A) the Act of July 2, 1862 ([7 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the First Morrill Act;
(B) the Act of August 30, 1890 ([7 U.S.C. 321](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section321&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the Second Morrill Act; and
(C) the Act of June 29, 1935 ([7 U.S.C. 329](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section329&num=0&edition=prelim)), commonly known as the Bankhead-Jones Act; and
(4) international agricultural programs under title XII of the Foreign
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3124a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of grant program**
(1) In order to promote research in food, agriculture, and related areas, a research grants program is hereby established in the Department of Agriculture.
(2) **Short Title.—** — This section may be cited as the “Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act”.
**(b) Agriculture and food research initiative**
(1) **Establishment** — There is established in the Department of Agriculture an Agriculture and Food Research Initiative under which the Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this subsection as “the Secretary”) may make competitive grants for fundamental and applied research, extension, and education to address food and agricultural sciences (as defined under [section 3103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3103&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(2) **Priority areas** — The competitive grants program established under this subsection shall address the following areas:
(A) *Plant health and production and plant products* — Plant systems, including—
(i) plant genome structure and function;
(ii) molecular and cellular genetics and plant biotechnology;
(iii) conventional breeding, including cultivar and breed development, selection theory, applied quantitative genetics, breeding for improved food quality, breeding for improved local adaptation to biotic stress and abiotic stress, and participatory breeding;
(iv) plant-pest interactions and biocontrol systems;
(v) crop plant response to environmental stresses;
(vi) unproved nutrient qualities of plant products; and
(vii) new food and industrial uses of plant products.
(B) *Animal health and production and animal products* — Animal systems, including—
(i) aquaculture;
(
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3157
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