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49 U.S.C. § 321 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this subchapter, “aeronautics”, “air commerce”, and “air navigation facility” have the same meanings given those terms in [section 40102(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section40102/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-49/section-321-definitions--849b8e8c9d.md
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 3, § 321; chapter-003-general-duties-and-powers.md
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In this subchapter, “aeronautics”, “air commerce”, and “air navigation facility” have the same meanings given those terms in [section 40102(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section40102/a&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General.—** An air carrier holding a certificate issued under [section 41102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section41102&num=0&edition=prelim) to provide foreign air transportation—
(1) may end or suspend the transportation to a place under the certificate only when the carrier gives at least 90 days notice of its intention to end or suspend the transportation to the Secretary of Transportation, any community affected by that decision, and the State authority of the State in which a community is located; and
(2) if it is the only air carrier holding a certificate to provide non-stop or single-plane foreign air transportation between 2 places, may end or suspend the transportation between those places only when the carrier gives at least 60 days notice of its intention to end or suspend the transportation to the Secretary and each community directly affected by that decision.
**(b) Temporary Suspension.—** The Secretary may authorize the temporary suspension of foreign air transportation under subsection (a) of this section when the Secretary finds the suspension is in the public interest.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 41312
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe regulations and issue orders to require that—
(1) an individual performing a test of an automatic train stop, train control, or cab signal apparatus required by the Secretary to be performed before entering territory where the apparatus will be used shall certify in writing that the test was performed properly; and
(2) the certification required under clause (1) of this section shall be maintained in the same way and place as the daily inspection report for the locomotive.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 20136
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General.—** To carry out this chapter and the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 ([45 U.S.C. 701](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section701&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), Amtrak may—
(1) acquire, maintain, and dispose of any interest in property used to provide improved high-speed rail transportation under [section 24902 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section24902&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) acquire, by condemnation or otherwise, any interest in real property that Amtrak considers necessary to carry out the goals of section 24902;
(3) provide for rail freight, intercity rail passenger, and commuter rail passenger transportation over property acquired under this section;
(4) improve rail rights of way between Boston, Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia (including the route through Springfield, Massachusetts, and routes to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and Albany, New York, from the Northeast Corridor main line) to achieve the goals of section 24902 of providing improved high-speed rail passenger transportation between Boston, Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia, and intermediate intercity markets;
(5) acquire, build, improve, and install passenger stations, communications and electric power facilities and equipment, public and private highway and pedestrian crossings, and other facilities and equipment necessary to provide improved high-speed rail passenger transportation over rights of way improved under clause (4) of this subsection;
(6) make agreements with other carriers and commuter authorities to grant, acquire, or make arrangements for rail freight or commuter rail passenger transportation over, rights of way and facilities acquired under the Re
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 24903
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General.—** [Section 30112(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30112/a&num=0&edition=prelim) does not apply to a motor vehicle if—
(1) on the initiative of the Secretary of Transportation or on petition of a manufacturer or importer registered under subsection (c) of this section, the Secretary decides—
(A) the vehicle is—
(i) substantially similar to a motor vehicle originally manufactured for import into and sale in the United States;
(ii) certified under [section 30115 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30115&num=0&edition=prelim);
(iii) the same model year (as defined under regulations of the Secretary of Transportation) as the model of the motor vehicle it is being compared to; and
(iv) capable of being readily altered to comply with applicable motor vehicle safety standards prescribed under this chapter; or
(B) if there is no substantially similar United States motor vehicle, the safety features of the vehicle comply with or are capable of being altered to comply with those standards based on destructive test information or other evidence the Secretary of Transportation decides is adequate;
(2) the vehicle is imported by a registered importer; and
(3) the registered importer pays the annual fee the Secretary of Transportation establishes under subsection (e) of this section to pay for the costs of carrying out the registration program for importers under subsection (c) of this section and any other fees the Secretary of Transportation establishes to pay for the costs of—
(A) processing bonds provided to the Secretary of the Treasury under subsection (d) of this section; and
(B) making the decisions under this su
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Civil Penalties.—**
(1) **In general.—** — A person that violates any of section 30112, 30115, 30117 through 30122, 30123(a), 30125(c), 30127, 30141 through 30147, or 31137, or a regulation prescribed thereunder, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $21,000 for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure or refusal to allow or perform an act required by any of those sections. The maximum penalty under this subsection for a related series of violations is $105,000,000.
(2) **School buses.—**
(A) *In general.—* — Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the maximum amount of a civil penalty under this paragraph shall be $10,000 in the case of—
(i) the manufacture, sale, offer for sale, introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce, or importation of a school bus or school bus equipment (as those terms are defined in [section 30125(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30125/a&num=0&edition=prelim)) in violation of [section 30112(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30112/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(ii) a violation of [section 30112(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30112/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim).
(B) *Related series of violations.—* — A separate violation occurs for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure or refusal to allow or perform an act required by that section. The maximum penalty under this paragraph for a related series of violations is $15,000,000.
(3) **Section 30166.—** — Except as provided i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30165
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition.—** In this section, “motor vehicle accident” means an occurrence associated with the maintenance or operation of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment resulting in personal injury, death, or property damage.
**(b) Authority To Inspect and Investigate.—**
(1) The Secretary of Transportation may conduct an inspection or investigation—
(A) that may be necessary to enforce this chapter or a regulation prescribed or order issued under this chapter; or
(B) related to a motor vehicle accident and designed to carry out this chapter.
(2) The Secretary of Transportation shall cooperate with State and local officials to the greatest extent possible in an inspection or investigation under paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection.
**(c) Matters That Can Be Inspected and Impoundment.—** In carrying out this chapter, an officer or employee designated by the Secretary of Transportation—
(1) at reasonable times, may inspect and copy any record related to this chapter;
(2) on request, may inspect records of a manufacturer, distributor, dealer, or rental company to decide whether the manufacturer, distributor, dealer, or rental company has complied or is complying with this chapter or a regulation prescribed or order issued under this chapter;
(3) at reasonable times, in a reasonable way, and on display of proper credentials and written notice to an owner, operator, or agent in charge, may—
(A) enter and inspect with reasonable promptness premises in which a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment is manufactured, held for introduction in interstate commerce (including at United States ports of entry), or held for sale after introduction in interstate commerce;
(B) enter and inspect with reasonable promptness premises at which a vehicle or equipment i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30166
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall make available from amounts made available to carry out [section 402 of title 23](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title23-section402&num=0&edition=prelim) $4,000,000 for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1993, and September 30, 1994, $2,550,000 for each of fiscal years 1995, 1996, and 1997, and $1,855,000 for the period of October 1, 1997, through March 31, 1998, to carry out this chapter.
**(b) Availability of Amounts.—** Amounts authorized under this section remain available until expended.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30308
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter—
(1) “migrant worker” means an individual going to or from employment in agriculture as provided under section 3121(g) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 ([26 U.S.C. 3121(g)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section3121/g&num=0&edition=prelim)) or section 3(f) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 ([29 U.S.C. 203(f)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section203/f&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(2) “motor carrier”, “motor common carrier”, “motor private carrier”, “motor vehicle”, and “United States” have the same meanings given those terms in [section 13102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section13102&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) “motor carrier of migrant workers”—
(A) means a person (except a motor common carrier) providing transportation referred to in [section 13501 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section13501&num=0&edition=prelim) by a motor vehicle (except a passenger automobile or station wagon) for at least 3 migrant workers at a time to or from their employment; but
(B) does not include a migrant worker providing transportation for migrant workers and their immediate families.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 31501
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this part (except chapter 329 and except as provided in section 33101)—
(1) “bumper standard” means a minimum performance standard that substantially reduces—
(A) the damage to the front or rear end of a passenger motor vehicle from a low-speed collision (including a collision with a fixed barrier) or from towing the vehicle; or
(B) the cost of repairing the damage.
(2) “insurer” means a person in the business of issuing, or reinsuring any part of, a passenger motor vehicle insurance policy.
(3) “interstate commerce” means commerce between a place in a State and—
(A) a place in another State; or
(B) another place in the same State through another State.
(4) “make”, when describing a passenger motor vehicle, means the trade name of the manufacturer of the vehicle.
(5) “manufacturer” means a person—
(A) manufacturing or assembling passenger motor vehicles or passenger motor vehicle equipment; or
(B) importing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(6) “model”, when describing a passenger motor vehicle, means a category of passenger motor vehicles based on the size, style, and type of a make of vehicle.
(7) “motor vehicle” means a vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.
(8) “motor vehicle accident” means an accident resulting from the maintenance or operation of a passenger motor vehicle or passenger motor vehicle equipment.
(9) “multipurpose passenger vehicle” means a passenger motor vehicle constructed on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation.
(10) “passenger motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle with motive power designed to carry not more than 12 indi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 32101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this section—
(1) “allied supplier” means a supplier of passenger motor vehicle equipment that is wholly owned by the manufacturer, or if a joint venture vehicle assembly arrangement, a supplier that is wholly owned by one member of the joint venture arrangement.
(2)
(A) “carline”—
(i) means a name given a group of passenger motor vehicles that has a degree of commonality in construction such as body and chassis;
(ii) does not consider a level of decor or opulence; and
(iii) except for light duty trucks, is not generally distinguished by characteristics such as roof line, number of doors, seats, or windows; and
(B) light duty trucks are different carlines than passenger motor vehicles.
(3) “country of origin”, when referring to the origin of an engine or transmission, means the country from which the largest share of the dollar value added to an engine or transmission has originated—
(A) with the United States and Canada treated as separate countries; and
(B) the estimate of the percentage of the dollar value shall be based on the purchase price of direct materials, as received at individual engine or transmission plants, of engines of the same displacement and transmissions of the same transmission type, plus the assembly and labor costs incurred for the final assembly of such engines and transmissions.
(4) “dealer” means a person residing or located in the United States, including the District of Columbia or a territory or possession of the United States, and engaged in selling or distributing new passenger motor vehicles to the ultimate purchaser.
(5) “final assembly place” means the plant, factory, or other place at which a new passenger motor vehicle is produced or assembled by a manufacturer, and from which
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 32304
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