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15 U.S.C. § 2505 — Research and development
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary of Energy, acting through appropriate agencies and contractors, shall initiate and provide for the conduct of research and development in areas related to electric and hybrid vehicles, including—
(1) energy storage technology, including batteries and their potential for convenient recharging;
(2) vehicle control systems and overall design for energy conservation, including the use of regenerative braking;
(3) urban design and traffic management to promote maximum transportation-related energy conservation and minimum transportation-related degradation of the environment; and
(4) vehicle design which emphasizes durability, length of practical lifetime, ease of repair, and interchangeability and replaceability of parts.
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 52, § 2505; chapter-052-electric-and-hybrid-vehicle-research-development-and-demonstration.md
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The Secretary of Energy, acting through appropriate agencies and contractors, shall initiate and provide for the conduct of research and development in areas related to electric and hybrid vehicles, including—
(1) energy storage technology, including batteries and their potential for convenient recharging;
(2) vehicle control systems and overall design for energy conservation, including the use of regenerative braking;
(3) urban design and traffic management to promote maximum transportation-related energy conservation and minimum transportation-related degradation of the environment; and
(4) vehicle design which emphasizes durability, length of practical lifetime, ease of repair, and interchangeability and replaceability of parts.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this chapter, the term—
(1) Omitted.
(2) “advanced electric or hybrid vehicle” means a vehicle which—
(A) minimizes the total amount of energy to be consumed with respect to its fabrication, operation, and disposal, and represents a substantial improvement over existing electric and hybrid vehicles with respect to the total amount of energy so consumed;
(B) is capable of being mass-produced and operated at a cost and in a manner which is sufficiently competitive to enable it to be produced and sold in numbers representing a reasonable portion of the market;
(C) is safe, damage-resistant, easy to repair, durable, and operates with sufficient performance with respect to acceleration, cold-weather starting, cruising speed, and other performance factors; and
(D) at a minimum, can be produced, distributed, operated, and disposed of in compliance with any applicable requirement of Federal law;
(3) “commercial electric or hybrid vehicle” includes any electric or hybrid vehicle which can be used (A) for business or agricultural production purposes on farms (e.g. tractors and trucks) or in rural areas, or (B) for commercial purposes in urban areas;
(4) “electric vehicle” means a vehicle which is powered by an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries, fuel cells, or other portable sources of electrical current, and which may include a nonelectrical source of power designed to charge batteries and components thereof;
(5) “hybrid vehicle” means a vehicle propelled by a combination of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine or other power source and components thereof;
(6) “project” means the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Demonstration Project established under [section 2503(a) of this title]
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2502
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Data development; baseline data; acquisition of vehicles** Within 12 months after September 17, 1976, the Secretary of Energy shall develop data characterizing the present state-of-the-art with respect to electric and hybrid vehicles. The data so developed shall serve as baseline data to be utilized in order (1) to compare improvements in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies; (2) to assist in establishing the performance standards under subsection (b)(1); and (3) to otherwise assist in carrying out the purposes of this section. In developing any such data, the Secretary of Energy shall purchase or lease a reasonable number of such vehicles or enter into such other arrangements as the Secretary of Energy deems necessary to carry out the purposes of this subsection.
**(b) Performance standards; factors considered; vehicle uses; revision; transmission of standards to Congress**
(1) Within 15 months after September 17, 1976, the Secretary of Energy shall promulgate rules establishing performance standards for electric and hybrid vehicles to be purchased or leased pursuant to subsection (c)(1). The standards so developed shall take into account the factors of energy conservation, urban traffic characteristics, patterns of use for “second” vehicles, consumer preferences, maintenance needs, battery recharging characteristics, agricultural requirements, materials demand and their ability to be recycled, vehicle safety and insurability, cost, and other relevant considerations, as such factors and considerations particularly apply to or affect vehicles with electric or hybrid propulsion systems. Such standards are to be developed taking into account (A) the best current state-of-the-art, and (B) reasonable estimates as to the future state-of-the-art, based on projecti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2506
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Bias of surface transportation systems; submission of report** The Secretary of Energy shall conduct a study to determine the existence of any tax, regulatory, traffic, urban design, rural electrical, or other institutional factor which tends or may tend to bias surface transportation systems toward vehicles of particular characteristics. The Secretary of Energy shall submit a report to the Congress on the findings and conclusions of such study, within 1 year after September 17, 1976. The report shall include any legislative or other recommendations of the Secretary of Energy.
**(b) Material demand and pollution effect; impact statement** The Secretary of Energy shall conduct a continuing assessment of the long-range material demand and pollution effects which may result from or in connection with the electrification of urban traffic. Such assessment shall include a statement of the Secretary of Energy’s current findings in each report submitted under section 2513 11 See References in Text note below. of this title. Any environmental impact statement which may be filed under a Federal law with respect to research, development, or demonstration activities under this chapter shall include reference to the matters which are subject to assessment under this subsection.
**(c) Incentives to encourage utilization; inclusion of electric vehicles in calculation of average fuel economy; evaluation program; annual report; final report and recommendations to Congress on January 1, 1987** The Secretary of Energy shall perform, or cause to be performed, studies and research on incentives to promote broader utilization and consumer acceptance of electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. A description and a statement of the findings of such studies and research activities shall
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2512
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1840
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 2505
see Codification note set out under section 2502 of this
title.
§ 2505. Research and development
The Secretary of Energy, acting through ap-
propriate agencies and contractors, shall ini-
tiate and provide for the conduct of research and
development in areas related to electric and hy-
brid vehicles, including—
(1) energy storage technology, including bat-
teries and their potential for convenient re-
charging;
(2) vehicle control systems and overall de-
sign for energy conservation, including the use
of regenerative braking;
(3) urban design and traffic management to
promote maximum transportation-related en-
ergy conservation and minimum transpor-
tation-related degradation of the environ-
ment; and
(4) vehicle design which emphasizes dura-
bility, length of practical lifetime, ease of re-
pair, and interchangeability and replaceability
of parts.
(Pub. L. 94–413, § 6, Sept. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 1263;
Pub. L. 95–91, title III, § 301(a), Aug. 4, 1977, 91
Stat. 577.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
‘‘Secretary of Energy’’ substituted in text for ‘‘Ad-
ministrator’’ pursuant to section 301(a) of Pub. L. 95–91,
see Codification note set out under section 2502 of this
title.
§ 2506. Demonstrations
(a) Data development; baseline data; acquisition
of vehicles
Within 12 months after September 17, 1976, the
Secretary of Energy shall develop data charac-
terizing the present state-of-the-art with respect
to electric and hybrid vehicles. The data so de-
veloped shall serve as baseline data to be uti-
lized in order (1) to compare improvements in
electric and hybrid vehicle technologies; (2) to
assist in establishing the performance standards
under subsection (b)(1); and (3) to othe
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 2505
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