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15 U.S.C. § 2502 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this chapter, the term—
(1) Omitted.
(2) “advanced electric or hybrid vehicle” means a vehicle which—
(A) minimizes the total amount of energy to be consumed with respect to its fabrication, operation, and disposal, and represents a substantial improvement over existing electric and hybrid vehicles with respect to the total amount of energy so consumed;
(B) is capable of being mass-produced and operated at a cost and in a manner which is sufficiently competitive to enable it to be produced and sold in numbers representing a reasonable portion of the market;
(C) is safe, damage-resistant, easy to repair, durable, and operates with sufficient performance with respect to acceleration, cold-weather starting, cruising speed, and other performance factors; and
(D) at a minimum, can be produced, distributed, operated, and disposed of in compliance with any applicable requirement of Federal law;
(3) “commercial electric or hybrid vehicle” includes any electric or hybrid vehicle which can be used (A) for business or agricultural production purposes on farms (e.g. tractors and trucks) or in rural areas, or (B) for commercial purposes in urban areas;
(4) “electric vehicle” means a vehicle which is powered by an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries, fuel cells, or other portable sources of electrical current, and which may include a nonelectrical source of power designed to charge batteries and components thereof;
(5) “hybrid vehicle” means a vehicle propelled by a combination of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine or other power source and components thereof;
(6) “project” means the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Demonstration Project established under [section 2503(a) of this title]
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2502
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-2502-definitions--875c42cafa.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 52, § 2502; chapter-052-electric-and-hybrid-vehicle-research-development-and-demonstration.md
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As used in this chapter, the term—
(1) Omitted.
(2) “advanced electric or hybrid vehicle” means a vehicle which—
(A) minimizes the total amount of energy to be consumed with respect to its fabrication, operation, and disposal, and represents a substantial improvement over existing electric and hybrid vehicles with respect to the total amount of energy so consumed;
(B) is capable of being mass-produced and operated at a cost and in a manner which is sufficiently competitive to enable it to be produced and sold in numbers representing a reasonable portion of the market;
(C) is safe, damage-resistant, easy to repair, durable, and operates with sufficient performance with respect to acceleration, cold-weather starting, cruising speed, and other performance factors; and
(D) at a minimum, can be produced, distributed, operated, and disposed of in compliance with any applicable requirement of Federal law;
(3) “commercial electric or hybrid vehicle” includes any electric or hybrid vehicle which can be used (A) for business or agricultural production purposes on farms (e.g. tractors and trucks) or in rural areas, or (B) for commercial purposes in urban areas;
(4) “electric vehicle” means a vehicle which is powered by an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries, fuel cells, or other portable sources of electrical current, and which may include a nonelectrical source of power designed to charge batteries and components thereof;
(5) “hybrid vehicle” means a vehicle propelled by a combination of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine or other power source and components thereof;
(6) “project” means the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Demonstration Project established under [section 2503(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2503/a&num=0&edition=prelim);
(7) Omitted.
(8) “small business concern” shall have the meaning prescribed by the Secretary of Energy after consultation with the Small Business Administration.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of project** The Secretary of Energy shall promptly establish, as an organizational entity within the Department of Energy, the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development, and Demonstration Project.
**(b) Management of project; arrangements with competent agencies** The Secretary of Energy shall have the responsibility for the overall management of the project. The Secretary of Energy may enter into any agreement or other arrangement with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Transportation, the National Science Foundation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Agriculture, or any other Federal agency, pursuant to which such agency shall conduct such specified parts or aspects of the project as the Secretary of Energy deems necessary or appropriate and within the particular competence of such agency, to the extent that such agency has capabilities which would enable it to contribute to the success of the project and the attainment of the purposes of this chapter.
**(c) Promotion of research and development; demonstration projects; consumer needs; resulting changes** In providing for the effective management of this project, the Secretary of Energy shall have specific responsibility to—
(1) promote basic and applied research on electric and hybrid vehicle batteries, controls, and motors;
(2) determine optimum overall electric and hybrid vehicle design;
(3) conduct demonstration projects with respect to the feasibility of commercial electric and hybrid vehicles (A) by contracting for the purchase or lease of electric and hybrid vehicles for practical use, and (B) by entering into arrangements, with other governmental entities and with nongovernm
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2503
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Consultation with Secretary of Transportation** In carrying out the project established under [section 2503 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2503&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary of Energy shall, to the maximum extent practicable, consult and coordinate with the Secretary of Transportation, with respect to any functions of the Secretary of Energy under this chapter which relate to regulatory activities or other responsibilities of the Secretary of Transportation, including safety and damageability programs.
**(b) Assistance from other agencies** Each department, agency, and instrumentality of the executive branch of the Federal Government shall carefully consider any written request from the Secretary of Energy, or the head of any agency to which the Secretary of Energy has delegated responsibility for specified parts or aspects of the project, to furnish such assistance, on a reimbursable basis, as the Secretary of Energy or such head deems necessary to carry out the project and to achieve the purposes of this chapter. Such assistance may include transfer of personnel with their consent and without prejudice to their position and rating.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2504
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary of Energy, acting through appropriate agencies and contractors, shall initiate and provide for the conduct of research and development in areas related to electric and hybrid vehicles, including—
(1) energy storage technology, including batteries and their potential for convenient recharging;
(2) vehicle control systems and overall design for energy conservation, including the use of regenerative braking;
(3) urban design and traffic management to promote maximum transportation-related energy conservation and minimum transportation-related degradation of the environment; and
(4) vehicle design which emphasizes durability, length of practical lifetime, ease of repair, and interchangeability and replaceability of parts.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2505
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Data development; baseline data; acquisition of vehicles** Within 12 months after September 17, 1976, the Secretary of Energy shall develop data characterizing the present state-of-the-art with respect to electric and hybrid vehicles. The data so developed shall serve as baseline data to be utilized in order (1) to compare improvements in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies; (2) to assist in establishing the performance standards under subsection (b)(1); and (3) to otherwise assist in carrying out the purposes of this section. In developing any such data, the Secretary of Energy shall purchase or lease a reasonable number of such vehicles or enter into such other arrangements as the Secretary of Energy deems necessary to carry out the purposes of this subsection.
**(b) Performance standards; factors considered; vehicle uses; revision; transmission of standards to Congress**
(1) Within 15 months after September 17, 1976, the Secretary of Energy shall promulgate rules establishing performance standards for electric and hybrid vehicles to be purchased or leased pursuant to subsection (c)(1). The standards so developed shall take into account the factors of energy conservation, urban traffic characteristics, patterns of use for “second” vehicles, consumer preferences, maintenance needs, battery recharging characteristics, agricultural requirements, materials demand and their ability to be recycled, vehicle safety and insurability, cost, and other relevant considerations, as such factors and considerations particularly apply to or affect vehicles with electric or hybrid propulsion systems. Such standards are to be developed taking into account (A) the best current state-of-the-art, and (B) reasonable estimates as to the future state-of-the-art, based on projecti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2506
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Research, development, and demonstration** The Secretary of Energy shall provide funds, by contract, to initiate, continue, supplement, and maintain research, development, and demonstration activities which are necessary to carry out the purposes of the project. The Secretary of Energy may enter into such contracts with any Federal agency, laboratory, university, nonprofit organization, industrial organization, public or private agency, institution, organization, corporation, partnership, or individual.
**(b) Consultation** In addition to the requirements of sections 2503 and 2504 of this title, the Secretary of Energy, in the exercise of his duties and responsibilities under this section, shall consult with the Department of Transportation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, and representatives of other appropriate Federal agencies, and shall establish procedures for periodic consultation with representatives of science, industry, and such other groups as may have special expertise in electric and hybrid vehicle research, development, and demonstration.
**(c) Rules of Secretary of Energy; funding applications; required advertising** Each contract under this section shall be entered into in accordance with such rules as the Secretary of Energy may prescribe in accordance with the provisions of this section. Each application for funding shall be made in writing in such form and with such content and other submissions as the Secretary of Energy shall require. The Secretary of Energy may enter into contracts under this section without regard to [section 6101 of title 41](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title41-section6101&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(d) Pu
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2507
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Opportunity to participate** The Secretary of Energy shall take such steps as are feasible to assure that small business concerns have a realistic and adequate opportunity to participate in the project.
**(b) Reservation of funds** To assist in accomplishing the objectives of subsection (a), the Secretary of Energy shall reserve, for contracts with small business concerns, a reasonable portion of the funds made available pursuant to this chapter for research, development, or demonstration of electric or hybrid vehicles.
**(c) Contract terms and conditions; planning grants** The Secretary of Energy shall, in addition to the requirements set forth in subsections (a) and (b)—
(1) include in all contracts for research, development, or demonstration of electric or hybrid vehicles such terms, conditions, and payment schedules as may assist in meeting the needs of small business concerns, and shall take steps to avoid the inclusion in such contracts of any terms, conditions, or penalties which would tend to prevent such concerns from participating in the program under this chapter; and
(2) make planning grants available to qualified small business concerns which require assistance in developing, submitting, and entering into such contracts.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2508
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Congressional policy** It is the policy of the Congress to assist in the introduction into the Nation’s transportation fleet of electric and hybrid vehicles and to assure that qualified small business concerns and other qualified borrowers are not excluded from participation in such development due to lack of adequate capital. Accordingly, it is the policy of the Congress to provide guarantees of loans made for such purposes.
**(b) Encouragement of commercial production; purpose of loans** In order to encourage the commercial production of electric and hybrid vehicles, the Secretary of Energy is authorized to guarantee, and to enter into commitments to guarantee, principal and interest on loans made by lenders to qualified borrowers, primarily small business concerns, for the purposes of—
(1) research and development related to electric and hybrid vehicle technology;
(2) prototype development for such vehicles and parts thereof;
(3) construction of capital equipment related to research on, and development and production of, electric and hybrid vehicles and components; or
(4) initial operating expenses associated with the development and production of electric and hybrid vehicles and components.
**(c) Maximum amount of loan guarantee** Any guarantee under this section shall apply only to so much of the principal amount of the loan involved as does not exceed 90 percentum of the aggregate cost of the activity with respect to which the loan is made.
**(d) Terms and conditions of guarantee** Loan guarantees under this section shall be on such terms and conditions as the Secretary of Energy determines, except that a guarantee shall be made under this section only if—
(1) the loan bears interest at a rate not to exceed such annual percent on the principal obliga
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2509
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Postmaster General of the United States Postal Service, the Administrator of the General Services Administration, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of other Federal agencies shall—
(1) carry out a study of the practicability of using electric and hybrid vehicles in the performance of some or all of the functions of their agencies; and
(2) arrange for the introduction of electric and hybrid vehicles into their fleets as soon as possible.
For competitive procurement purposes in purchasing such vehicles, life-cycle costing and any beneficial air pollution control characteristics of electric and hybrid vehicles shall be fully taken into account. If the head of the agency involved determines that electric or hybrid vehicles are technologically practicable, but that they are not completely economically competitive with conventional vehicles, the Secretary of Energy may, for purposes of the demonstration program described in [section 2506 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2506&num=0&edition=prelim), pay to such agency the incremental costs of the electric or hybrid vehicles, including differential operating costs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2510
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
[Section 5908 of title 42](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section5908&num=0&edition=prelim) shall apply to any contract (including any assignment, substitution of parties, or subcontract thereunder), entered into, made, or issued by the Secretary of Energy pursuant to [section 2507 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section2507&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2511
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Bias of surface transportation systems; submission of report** The Secretary of Energy shall conduct a study to determine the existence of any tax, regulatory, traffic, urban design, rural electrical, or other institutional factor which tends or may tend to bias surface transportation systems toward vehicles of particular characteristics. The Secretary of Energy shall submit a report to the Congress on the findings and conclusions of such study, within 1 year after September 17, 1976. The report shall include any legislative or other recommendations of the Secretary of Energy.
**(b) Material demand and pollution effect; impact statement** The Secretary of Energy shall conduct a continuing assessment of the long-range material demand and pollution effects which may result from or in connection with the electrification of urban traffic. Such assessment shall include a statement of the Secretary of Energy’s current findings in each report submitted under section 2513 11 See References in Text note below. of this title. Any environmental impact statement which may be filed under a Federal law with respect to research, development, or demonstration activities under this chapter shall include reference to the matters which are subject to assessment under this subsection.
**(c) Incentives to encourage utilization; inclusion of electric vehicles in calculation of average fuel economy; evaluation program; annual report; final report and recommendations to Congress on January 1, 1987** The Secretary of Energy shall perform, or cause to be performed, studies and research on incentives to promote broader utilization and consumer acceptance of electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. A description and a statement of the findings of such studies and research activities shall
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 2512
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.