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22 U.S.C. § 5412 — Scope of authority

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 5412 — Scope of authority

**(a) General authorization** The President is authorized to conduct activities for any East European country that are similar to any activity authorized by this chapter to be conducted in Poland or Hungary (excluding those authorized by [section 5412 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5412&num=0&edition=prelim) or the amendments made by sections 301 and 304) if such similar activities would effectively promote a transition to market-oriented democracy. **(b) Administration of justice programs** In order to strengthen the administration of justice in East European countries, the President may exercise the same authorities with respect to those countries as are available under [section 2346c of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2346c&num=0&edition=prelim), subject to the limitations and requirements of that section, other than subsection (c) and the last two sentences of subsection (e). **(c) “East European country” defined** For purposes of this chapter, the term “East European country” includes Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and states that were part of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-5412-scope-of-authority--7a7c88f06f.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 63, § 5412; chapter-063-support-for-east-european-democracy-seed.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2185 — Trade credit insurance program for Poland

**(a) General authority** (1) **Assurance to Export-Import Bank of repayment** — The President is authorized to provide guarantees to the Bank for liabilities described in paragraph (2) in order to satisfy the requirement of section 2(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 ([12 U.S.C. 635(b)(1)(B)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635/b/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim)) that the Bank have 11 So in original. Probably should be “has”. reasonable assurance of repayment. (2) **Liabilities which may be guaranteed** — The liabilities that may be guaranteed under paragraph (1) are liabilities incurred by the Bank in connection with guarantees or insurance provided under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for financing for transactions involving the export of goods and services for the use of the private sector in Poland. **(b) Guarantees available only for short-term guarantees and insurance** Guarantees provided under subsection (a) shall be for short-term guarantees and insurance extended by the Bank which shall be repayable within a period not to exceed one year from the date of arrival at the port of importation of the goods and services covered by such guarantees or insurance. **(c) Agreement on criteria and procedures** Guarantees or insurance extended by the Bank and guaranteed pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided by the Bank in accordance with criteria and procedures agreed to by the Administrator and the Bank. **(d) Reserve fund** The agreement referred to in subsection (c) shall also provide for the establishment of a reserve fund by the administering agency, with such funds made avail

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

19 U.S.C. § 2462 — Omitted

### Statutory Notes #### Codification Sections 2451 to 2451b were omitted pursuant to section 2451b(c), which provided that this part ceased to be effective 12 years after the date of entry into force of the Protocol of Accession of the People’s Republic of China to the World Trade Organization, which date was Dec. 11, 2001. Section 2451, Pub. L. 93–618, title IV, § 421, as added Pub. L. 106–286, div. A, title I, § 103(a)(3), Oct. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 882; amended Pub. L. 108–429, title II, § 2004(d)(3), Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2592, related to action to address market disruption. Section 2451a, Pub. L. 93–618, title IV, § 422, as added Pub. L. 106–286, div. A, title I, § 103(a)(3), Oct. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 887; amended Pub. L. 108–429, title II, § 2004(d)(4), Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2592, related to action in response to trade diversion. Section 2451b, Pub. L. 93–618, title IV, § 423, as added Pub. L. 106–286, div. A, title I, § 103(a)(3), Oct. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 890, related to regulations; termination of provision.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2184 — Trade credit insurance program for Central America

**(a) Guarantees to Export-Import Bank; financial transactions with private sector in Central American countries** In order to enable the Export-Import Bank of the United States (hereafter in this section referred to as the “Bank”) to determine that there exists reasonable assurance of repayment as required under section 2(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635(b)(1)(B)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635/b/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim)], the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter (hereafter in this section referred to as the “Agency”) is authorized to provide guarantees to the Bank for liabilities to be incurred by the Bank in connection with guarantees or insurance provided under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for financing for transactions involving the export of goods and services for the use of the private sector in Central American countries. **(b) Extent of guarantees; agreements; reserve fund** (1) Guarantees provided by the Agency pursuant to the authority of subsection (a) shall be for short-term guarantees and insurance extended by the Bank which shall be repayable within a period not to exceed one year from the date of arrival at the port of importation of the goods and services covered by such guarantees or insurance. Guarantees or insurance extended by the Bank and guaranteed by the Agency pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided by the Bank in accordance with criteria and procedures agreed to by the Agency and the Bank. Such agreement shall also provide for the establishment of a reserve fund by the Agency, with such fu

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 5401 — Relation of provisions of this chapter to certain provisions of appropriations acts

Any provision of the annual Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act that provides that assistance for Poland or Hungary under that Act may be provided “notwithstanding any other provision of law” shall not supersede any otherwise applicable provision of this chapter. This section shall not, however, be construed to apply with respect to section 599C(b) of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1990 (or a corresponding provision of a subsequent such appropriations Act.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2346c — Administration of justice

**(a) Authorization of assistance; purposes** The President may furnish assistance under this part to countries and organizations, including national and regional institutions, in order to strengthen the administration of justice in countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. **(b) Scope of assistance** Assistance under this section may only include— (1) support for specialized professional training, scholarships, and exchanges for continuing legal education; (2) programs to enhance prosecutorial and judicial capabilities and protection for participants in judicial cases; (3) notwithstanding [section 2420 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2420&num=0&edition=prelim)— (A) programs to enhance professional capabilities to carry out investigative and forensic functions conducted under judicial or prosecutorial control; (B) programs to assist in the development of academic instruction and curricula for training law enforcement personnel; (C) programs to improve the administrative and management capabilities of law enforcement agencies, especially their capabilities relating to career development, personnel evaluation, and internal discipline procedures; and (D) programs, conducted through multilateral or regional institutions, to improve penal institutions and the rehabilitation of offenders; (4) strengthening professional organizations in order to promote services to members and the role of the bar in judicial selection, enforcement of ethical standards, and legal reform; (5) increasing the availability of legal materials and publications; (6) seminars, conferences, and training and educational programs to improve the administration of justice and to strengthen respect for the rule of law and inter

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 5412 — Stabilization assistance for Poland

Page 1655 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 5413 (3) Agricultural assistance The United States Government shall provide agricultural assistance for Poland in accord- ance with section 5413 of this title. (Pub. L. 101–179, title I, § 101, Nov. 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 1302.) § 5412. Stabilization assistance for Poland (a) Immediate emergency assistance To the extent that the ongoing International Monetary Fund review of the Polish economy projects a probable balance of payments short- age for the fourth quarter of 1989, the United States Government, in carrying out paragraph (1) of section 5411(b) of this title— (1) should work closely with the European Community and international financial insti- tutions to determine the extent of emergency assistance required by Poland for the fourth quarter of 1989, and (2) should consider extending a bridge loan to relieve immediate and urgent balance of payments requirements using the Exchange Stabilization Fund in accordance with para- graph (1)(A) of section 5411(b) of this title. (b) Immediate, multilateral response to Poland’s economic stabilization needs In furtherance of section 5411(b)(1) of this title, the President, acting in coordination with the European Community, should seek to ensure that the industrialized democracies undertake an immediate, multilateral effort to respond to Poland’s request for $1,000,000,000 to support its economic stabilization program. (c) Additional authority to provide stabilization assistance (1) Authority In order to carry out paragraph (1) of section 5411(b) of this title, the President is authorized to furnish assistance for Poland, notwith- standing any other provision of law, to assist in the urgent stabilization of the Polish econ- omy and ultimatel

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