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22 U.S.C. § 2346c — Administration of justice
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization of assistance; purposes** The President may furnish assistance under this part to countries and organizations, including national and regional institutions, in order to strengthen the administration of justice in countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.
**(b) Scope of assistance** Assistance under this section may only include—
(1) support for specialized professional training, scholarships, and exchanges for continuing legal education;
(2) programs to enhance prosecutorial and judicial capabilities and protection for participants in judicial cases;
(3) notwithstanding [section 2420 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2420&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(A) programs to enhance professional capabilities to carry out investigative and forensic functions conducted under judicial or prosecutorial control;
(B) programs to assist in the development of academic instruction and curricula for training law enforcement personnel;
(C) programs to improve the administrative and management capabilities of law enforcement agencies, especially their capabilities relating to career development, personnel evaluation, and internal discipline procedures; and
(D) programs, conducted through multilateral or regional institutions, to improve penal institutions and the rehabilitation of offenders;
(4) strengthening professional organizations in order to promote services to members and the role of the bar in judicial selection, enforcement of ethical standards, and legal reform;
(5) increasing the availability of legal materials and publications;
(6) seminars, conferences, and training and educational programs to improve the administration of justice and to strengthen respect for the rule of law and inter
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_fcc03fe766f2f14e42637046
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2346c-administration-of-justice--9493f17e20.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 32, § 2346c; chapter-032-foreign-assistance.md
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**(a) Authorization of assistance; purposes** The President may furnish assistance under this part to countries and organizations, including national and regional institutions, in order to strengthen the administration of justice in countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.
**(b) Scope of assistance** Assistance under this section may only include—
(1) support for specialized professional training, scholarships, and exchanges for continuing legal education;
(2) programs to enhance prosecutorial and judicial capabilities and protection for participants in judicial cases;
(3) notwithstanding [section 2420 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2420&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(A) programs to enhance professional capabilities to carry out investigative and forensic functions conducted under judicial or prosecutorial control;
(B) programs to assist in the development of academic instruction and curricula for training law enforcement personnel;
(C) programs to improve the administrative and management capabilities of law enforcement agencies, especially their capabilities relating to career development, personnel evaluation, and internal discipline procedures; and
(D) programs, conducted through multilateral or regional institutions, to improve penal institutions and the rehabilitation of offenders;
(4) strengthening professional organizations in order to promote services to members and the role of the bar in judicial selection, enforcement of ethical standards, and legal reform;
(5) increasing the availability of legal materials and publications;
(6) seminars, conferences, and training and educational programs to improve the administration of justice and to strengthen respect for the rule of law and internationally recognized human rights; and
(7) revision and modernization of legal codes and procedures.
**(c) Availability of funds** Not more than $20,000,000 of the funds made available to carry out this part for any fiscal year shall be available to carry out this section, in addition to amounts otherwise available for such purposes.
**(d) Obligation of funds** Funds may not be obligated for assistance under this section unless the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate are notified of the amount and nature of the proposed assistance at least 15 days in advance in accordance with the procedures applicable to reprogrammings pursuant to [section 2394–1 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2394-1&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(e) Participation of Defense personnel in training prohibited; availability of funds; expiration of authority** Personnel of the Department of Defense and members of the United States Armed Forces may not participate in the provision of training under this section. Of the funds made available to carry out this section, not more than $10,000,000 may be made available in fiscal year 1991 to carry out the provisions of subsection (b)(3) of this section. The authority of this section shall expire on September 30, 1991.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Delegation by President; rules and regulations; utilization of goods and services from private enterprise, and facilities and resources of Federal agencies when not competitive with private enterprise** The President may exercise any functions conferred upon him by this chapter through such agency or officer of the United States Government as he shall direct. The head of any such agency or such officer may from time to time promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out such functions, and may delegate authority to perform any such functions, including, if he shall so specify, the authority successively to redelegate any of such functions to any of his subordinates. In providing technical assistance under this chapter, the head of any such agency or such officer shall utilize, to the fullest extent practicable, goods and professional and other services from private enterprise on a contract basis. In such fields as education, health, housing, or agriculture, the facilities and resources of other Federal agencies shall be utilized when such facilities are particularly or uniquely suitable for technical assistance, are not competitive with private enterprise, and can be made available without interfering unduly with domestic programs.
**(b) Eligibility of suppliers; debarment period; causes for debarment; conditions for reinstatement; periodic review** The President shall issue and enforce regulations determining the eligibility of any person to receive funds made available under this chapter. A person may be suspended under such regulations for a temporary period pending the completion of an investigation and any resulting judicial or debarment proceedings, upon cause for belief that such person or an affiliate thereof probably has undertake
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2381
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Effective date of prohibition** On and after July 1, 1975, none of the funds made available to carry out this chapter, and none of the local currencies generated under this chapter, shall be used to provide training or advice, or provide any financial support, for police, prisons, or other law enforcement forces for any foreign government or any program of internal intelligence or surveillance on behalf of any foreign government within the United States or abroad.
**(b) Exception; qualification** Subsection (a) of this section shall not apply—
(1) with respect to assistance rendered under section 515(c) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968,11 See References in Text note below. with respect to any authority of the Drug Enforcement Administration or the Federal Bureau of Investigation which relates to crimes of the nature which are unlawful under the laws of the United States, or with respect to assistance authorized under [section 2291a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2291a&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) to any contract entered into prior to December 30, 1974, with any person, organization, or agency of the United States Government to provide personnel to conduct, or assist in conducting, any such program;
(3) with respect to assistance, including training, in maritime law enforcement and other maritime skills;
(4) with respect to assistance provided to police forces in connection with their participation in the regional security system of the Eastern Caribbean states; or 22 So in original. The word “or” probably should appear at end of par. (6).
(5) with respect to assistance, including training, relating to sanctions monitoring and enforcement;
(6) with respect to assistance provid
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2420
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Assistance through governments and nongovernmental organizations** Assistance under this part may be provided to governments or through nongovernmental organizations.
**(b) Technical and managerial assistance** Technical assistance under this part shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be provided on a long term, on-site basis and shall emphasize the provision of practical, management and other problem-solving advice, particularly advice on private enterprise provided by United States business volunteers.
**(c) Enterprise funds** Activities supported pursuant to this part may include the establishment of and the provision of support for one or more enterprise funds for the independent states of the former Soviet Union. If the President determines that an enterprise fund should be established and supported under this part, the provisions contained in section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 [[22 U.S.C. 5421](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5421&num=0&edition=prelim)] (excluding the authorizations of appropriations provided in subsection (b) of that section) shall be deemed to apply with respect to such enterprise fund and to funds made available to such enterprise fund pursuant to this part.
**(d) Cooperative development and research projects** Assistance under this part may include support for cooperative development projects, including cooperative development research projects, among the United States, other countries, and independent states of the former Soviet Union.
**(e) Administration of justice programs** In order to strengthen the administration of justice in the independent states of the former Soviet Union under paragraph (2)(J) of [section 2295 of this title](https://uscode
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2295b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General authorization** The President is authorized to conduct activities for any East European country that are similar to any activity authorized by this chapter to be conducted in Poland or Hungary (excluding those authorized by [section 5412 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5412&num=0&edition=prelim) or the amendments made by sections 301 and 304) if such similar activities would effectively promote a transition to market-oriented democracy.
**(b) Administration of justice programs** In order to strengthen the administration of justice in East European countries, the President may exercise the same authorities with respect to those countries as are available under [section 2346c of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2346c&num=0&edition=prelim), subject to the limitations and requirements of that section, other than subsection (c) and the last two sentences of subsection (e).
**(c) “East European country” defined** For purposes of this chapter, the term “East European country” includes Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and states that were part of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 5412
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 807
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2346c
resolution making continuing appropriations)
which earmarks funds available to carry out
this part for a specific country or purpose, up to
5 percent of each amount so earmarked may be
used to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 533, formerly § 535, as
added Pub. L. 97–113, title II, § 202, Dec. 29, 1981,
95 Stat. 1530; renumbered § 533 and amended Pub.
L. 99–83, title II, § 201(b), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat.
211.)
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section was classified to section 2346d of this title
prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 99–83.
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 2346b, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 533, as
added Pub. L. 97–113, title II, § 202, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat.
1530, related to grants for eastern Mediterranean pro-
grams, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–83, title II, § 201(a),
Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 210.
Another prior section 2346b, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II,
§ 533, as added Pub. L. 96–533, title II, § 202, Dec. 16, 1980,
94 Stat. 3143, related to Central American economic
support, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 97–113, § 202, Dec. 29,
1981, 95 Stat. 1529.
Another prior section 2346b, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II,
§ 533, as added Pub. L. 95–92, § 8(c), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat.
618; amended Pub. L. 95–384, § 10(a), Sept. 26, 1978, 92
Stat. 735; Pub. L. 96–92, § 8(c), Oct. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 704,
provided for a Southern Africa economic support pro-
gram, including availability of funds and assistance re-
quirements and limitations, prior to repeal by Pub. L.
96–533, title II, § 202, Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3142.
Another prior section 2346b, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II,
§ 533, as added Pub. L. 92–226, pt. II, § 202(a), Feb. 7, 1972,
86 Stat. 27, provided for a Vietnam special dollar ac
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2346c
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