Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections
22 U.S.C. § 2185 — Trade credit insurance program for Poland
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General authority**
(1) **Assurance to Export-Import Bank of repayment** — The President is authorized to provide guarantees to the Bank for liabilities described in paragraph (2) in order to satisfy the requirement of section 2(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 ([12 U.S.C. 635(b)(1)(B)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635/b/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim)) that the Bank have 11 So in original. Probably should be “has”. reasonable assurance of repayment.
(2) **Liabilities which may be guaranteed** — The liabilities that may be guaranteed under paragraph (1) are liabilities incurred by the Bank in connection with guarantees or insurance provided under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for financing for transactions involving the export of goods and services for the use of the private sector in Poland.
**(b) Guarantees available only for short-term guarantees and insurance** Guarantees provided under subsection (a) shall be for short-term guarantees and insurance extended by the Bank which shall be repayable within a period not to exceed one year from the date of arrival at the port of importation of the goods and services covered by such guarantees or insurance.
**(c) Agreement on criteria and procedures** Guarantees or insurance extended by the Bank and guaranteed pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided by the Bank in accordance with criteria and procedures agreed to by the Administrator and the Bank.
**(d) Reserve fund** The agreement referred to in subsection (c) shall also provide for the establishment of a reserve fund by the administering agency, with such funds made avail
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2185
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.
Original supplied file — preserved unchanged
Download original Markdown file
File SHA-256: b0e671dc0369f96e71a1d56c36f5ff84a23089159dc2be101ddaff60a46316a8. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Open the recorded source website ↗
Record provenance
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_06453f59a348820563e55743
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2185-trade-credit-insurance-program-for-poland--ad1ee61e9e.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: b698e77a23b430a63b4a00caa741091c706a25a884ee5d3885860779c42a5e37
Source location: Title 22, Chapter 32, § 2185; chapter-032-foreign-assistance.md
Stored source content
**(a) General authority**
(1) **Assurance to Export-Import Bank of repayment** — The President is authorized to provide guarantees to the Bank for liabilities described in paragraph (2) in order to satisfy the requirement of section 2(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 ([12 U.S.C. 635(b)(1)(B)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635/b/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim)) that the Bank have 11 So in original. Probably should be “has”. reasonable assurance of repayment.
(2) **Liabilities which may be guaranteed** — The liabilities that may be guaranteed under paragraph (1) are liabilities incurred by the Bank in connection with guarantees or insurance provided under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for financing for transactions involving the export of goods and services for the use of the private sector in Poland.
**(b) Guarantees available only for short-term guarantees and insurance** Guarantees provided under subsection (a) shall be for short-term guarantees and insurance extended by the Bank which shall be repayable within a period not to exceed one year from the date of arrival at the port of importation of the goods and services covered by such guarantees or insurance.
**(c) Agreement on criteria and procedures** Guarantees or insurance extended by the Bank and guaranteed pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided by the Bank in accordance with criteria and procedures agreed to by the Administrator and the Bank.
**(d) Reserve fund** The agreement referred to in subsection (c) shall also provide for the establishment of a reserve fund by the administering agency, with such funds made available to the reserve as the Administrator deems necessary to discharge liabilities under guarantees provided under subsection (a).
**(e) Discharge of liabilities**
(1) **Funds which may be used** — Such amounts of the funds made available to carry out part IV of subchapter II of this chapter (relating to the economic support fund) as the President determines are necessary may be made available to discharge liabilities under guarantees entered into under subsection (a).
(2) **Crediting of subsequent payments** — To the extent that any of the funds made available pursuant to paragraph (1) are paid out for a claim arising out of liabilities guaranteed under subsection (a), amounts received after the date of such payment, with respect to such claim, shall be credited to the reserve fund established pursuant to subsection (d), shall be merged with the funds in such reserve, and shall be available for the purpose of payments by the Administrator to the Bank for guarantees under subsection (a).
**(f) Appropriations action required** Commitments to guarantee under subsection (a) are authorized only to the extent and in the amounts provided in advance in appropriations Acts.
**(g) Limitation on outstanding commitments** The aggregate amount of outstanding commitments under subsection (a) may not exceed $200,000,000 of contingent liability for loan principal during any fiscal year.
**(h) Omitted**
**(i) Administrative and technical assistance** The Bank shall provide, without reimbursement, such administrative and technical assistance to the administering agency as the Bank and the Administrator determine appropriate to assist the administering agency in carrying out this section.
**(j) Fees and premiums** The Bank is authorized to charge fees and premiums, in connection with guarantees or insurance guaranteed by the administering agency under subsection (a), that are commensurate (in the judgment of the Bank) with the Bank’s administrative costs and the risks covered by the agency’s guarantees. Any amounts received by the Bank in excess of the estimated costs incurred by the Bank in administering such guarantees or insurance—
(1) shall be credited to the reserve fund established pursuant to subsection (d),
(2) shall be merged with the funds in such reserve, and
(3) shall be available for the purpose of payments by the administering agency to the Bank for guarantees under subsection (a).
**(k) Restrictions not applicable** Prohibitions on the use of foreign assistance funds for assistance for Poland shall not apply with respect to the funds made available to carry out this section.
**(l) Expiration of authority** The President may not enter into any commitments to guarantee under subsection (a) after September 30, 1992.
**(m) Definitions** For purposes of this section—
(1) the term “administering agency” means the Agency for International Development;
(2) the term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Agency for International Development; and
(3) the term “Bank” means the Export-Import Bank of the United States.
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) When requested by a committee of Congress having jurisdiction over receipts or appropriations, the President shall provide the committee with assistance and information.
(2) When requested by a committee of Congress, additional information related to the amount of an appropriation originally requested by an Office of Inspector General shall be submitted to the committee.
**(b)** When requested by a committee of Congress, by the Comptroller General, or by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and the head of each executive agency shall—
(1) provide information on the location and kind of available fiscal, budget, and program information;
(2) to the extent practicable, prepare summary tables of that fiscal, budget, and program information and related information the committee, the Comptroller General, or the Director of the Congressional Budget Office considers necessary; and
(3) provide a program evaluation carried out or commissioned by an executive agency.
**(c)** In cooperation with the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the Secretary, and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Comptroller General shall—
(1) establish and maintain a current directory of sources of, and information systems for, fiscal, budget, and program information and a brief description of the contents of each source and system;
(2) when requested, provide assistance to committees of Congress and members of Congress in obtaining information from the sources in the directory; and
(3) when requested, provide assistance to committees and, to the extent practicable, to members of Congress in evaluating the information obtained from the sources in the directory
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 1113
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Delegation by President; rules and regulations; utilization of goods and services from private enterprise, and facilities and resources of Federal agencies when not competitive with private enterprise** The President may exercise any functions conferred upon him by this chapter through such agency or officer of the United States Government as he shall direct. The head of any such agency or such officer may from time to time promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out such functions, and may delegate authority to perform any such functions, including, if he shall so specify, the authority successively to redelegate any of such functions to any of his subordinates. In providing technical assistance under this chapter, the head of any such agency or such officer shall utilize, to the fullest extent practicable, goods and professional and other services from private enterprise on a contract basis. In such fields as education, health, housing, or agriculture, the facilities and resources of other Federal agencies shall be utilized when such facilities are particularly or uniquely suitable for technical assistance, are not competitive with private enterprise, and can be made available without interfering unduly with domestic programs.
**(b) Eligibility of suppliers; debarment period; causes for debarment; conditions for reinstatement; periodic review** The President shall issue and enforce regulations determining the eligibility of any person to receive funds made available under this chapter. A person may be suspended under such regulations for a temporary period pending the completion of an investigation and any resulting judicial or debarment proceedings, upon cause for belief that such person or an affiliate thereof probably has undertake
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2381
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Guarantees to Export-Import Bank; financial transactions with private sector in Central American countries** In order to enable the Export-Import Bank of the United States (hereafter in this section referred to as the “Bank”) to determine that there exists reasonable assurance of repayment as required under section 2(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635(b)(1)(B)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635/b/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim)], the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter (hereafter in this section referred to as the “Agency”) is authorized to provide guarantees to the Bank for liabilities to be incurred by the Bank in connection with guarantees or insurance provided under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [[12 U.S.C. 635](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section635&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for financing for transactions involving the export of goods and services for the use of the private sector in Central American countries.
**(b) Extent of guarantees; agreements; reserve fund**
(1) Guarantees provided by the Agency pursuant to the authority of subsection (a) shall be for short-term guarantees and insurance extended by the Bank which shall be repayable within a period not to exceed one year from the date of arrival at the port of importation of the goods and services covered by such guarantees or insurance. Guarantees or insurance extended by the Bank and guaranteed by the Agency pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided by the Bank in accordance with criteria and procedures agreed to by the Agency and the Bank. Such agreement shall also provide for the establishment of a reserve fund by the Agency, with such fu
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2184
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General banking business; use of mails; publication of documents, reports, contracts, etc.; use of assets and allocated or borrowed money; payment of dividends; medium-term financing; dissemination of information; enhancement of medium-term program**
(1) There is created a corporation with the name Export-Import Bank of the United States, which shall be an agency of the United States of America. The objects and purposes of the Bank shall be to aid in financing and to facilitate exports of goods and services, imports, and the exchange of commodities and services between the United States or any of its territories or insular possessions and any foreign country or the agencies or nationals of any such country, and in so doing to contribute to the employment of United States workers. The Bank’s objective in authorizing loans, guarantees, insurance, and credits shall be to contribute to maintaining or increasing employment of United States workers. In connection with and in furtherance of its objects and purposes, the bank is authorized and empowered to do a general banking business except that of circulation; to receive deposits; to purchase, discount, rediscount, sell, and negotiate, with or without its endorsement or guaranty, and to guarantee notes, drafts, checks, bills of exchange, acceptances, including bankers’ acceptances, cable transfers, and other evidences of indebtedness; to guarantee, insure, coinsure, and reinsure against political and credit risks of loss; to purchase, sell, and guarantee securities but not to purchase with its funds any stock in any other corporation except that it may acquire any such stock through the enforcement of any lien or pledge or otherwise to satisfy a previously contracted indebtedness to it; to accept bills and drafts draw
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 12 U.S.C. § 635
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) SEED Program** The United States shall implement, beginning in fiscal year 1990, a concerted Program of Support for East European Democracy (which may also be referred to as the “SEED Program”). The SEED Program shall be comprised of diverse undertakings designed to provide cost-effective assistance to those countries of Eastern Europe that have taken substantive steps toward institutionalizing political democracy and economic pluralism.
**(b) Objectives of SEED assistance** The President should ensure that the assistance provided to East European countries pursuant to this chapter is designed—
(1) to contribute to the development of democratic institutions and political pluralism characterized by—
(A) the establishment of fully democratic and representative political systems based on free and fair elections,
(B) effective recognition of fundamental liberties and individual freedoms, including freedom of speech, religion, and association,
(C) termination of all laws and regulations which impede the operation of a free press and the formation of political parties,
(D) creation of an independent judiciary, and
(E) establishment of non-partisan military, security, and police forces;
(2) to promote the development of a free market economic system characterized by—
(A) privatization of economic entities,
(B) establishment of full rights to acquire and hold private property, including land and the benefits of contractual relations,
(C) simplification of regulatory controls regarding the establishment and operation of businesses,
(D) dismantlement of all wage and price controls,
(E) removal of trade restrictions, including on both imports and exports,
(F) liberalization of investment and capital, including the repatriation of profits b
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 5411
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General authorization** The President is authorized to conduct activities for any East European country that are similar to any activity authorized by this chapter to be conducted in Poland or Hungary (excluding those authorized by [section 5412 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5412&num=0&edition=prelim) or the amendments made by sections 301 and 304) if such similar activities would effectively promote a transition to market-oriented democracy.
**(b) Administration of justice programs** In order to strengthen the administration of justice in East European countries, the President may exercise the same authorities with respect to those countries as are available under [section 2346c of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2346c&num=0&edition=prelim), subject to the limitations and requirements of that section, other than subsection (c) and the last two sentences of subsection (e).
**(c) “East European country” defined** For purposes of this chapter, the term “East European country” includes Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and states that were part of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 5412
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 198
TITLE 12—BANKS AND BANKING
§ 635
(1) an act of war, insurrection, or civil strife;
or
(2) an action by a foreign government or in-
strumentality (whether de jure or de facto) in
the country in which the branch is located;
unless the member bank has expressly agreed in
writing to repay the deposit under those cir-
cumstances.
(b) Regulations
The Board and the Comptroller of the Cur-
rency may jointly prescribe such regulations as
they deem necessary to implement this section.
(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 25C, as added Pub. L.
103–325, title III, § 326(a), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat.
2229.)
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section was enacted as section 25C of the Federal Re-
serve Act, and not as part of section 25A of that Act
which comprises this subchapter.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EXISTING CLAIMS NOT AFFECTED
Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 326(c), Sept. 23, 1994, 108
Stat. 2229, provided that: ‘‘Section 25C of the Federal
Reserve Act [this section] (as added by subsection (a))
shall not be applied retroactively and shall not be con-
strued to affect or apply to any claim or cause of action
addressed by that section arising from events or cir-
cumstances that occurred before the date of enactment
of this Act [Sept. 23, 1994].’’
CHAPTER 6A—EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF
THE UNITED STATES
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec.
635.
Powers and functions of Bank.
635a.
Management of Bank.
635a–1.
Export credit competition.
635a–2.
Implementation of regulations and proce-
dures to lessen adverse effect of loans and
guarantees on industries in United States;
report by United States International Trade
Commission; written consideration of views
of adversely affected parties.
635a–3.
Export-Import Bank financing to match for-
eign finan
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 12 U.S.C. § 635
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 12 U.S.C. § 635. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 675
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2185
1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘has’’.
VIII (§ 2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter,
and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude
such parts. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out
as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections
2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1985 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see
section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as a note under sec-
tion 2151–1 of this title.
§ 2185. Trade credit insurance program for Po-
land
(a) General authority
(1) Assurance to Export-Import Bank of repay-
ment
The President is authorized to provide guar-
antees to the Bank for liabilities described in
paragraph (2) in order to satisfy the require-
ment of section 2(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import
Bank Act of 1945 (12 U.S.C. 635(b)(1)(B)) that
the Bank have 1 reasonable assurance of repay-
ment.
(2) Liabilities which may be guaranteed
The liabilities that may be guaranteed under
paragraph (1) are liabilities incurred by the
Bank in connection with guarantees or insur-
ance provided under the Export-Import Bank
Act of 1945 [12 U.S.C. 635 et seq.] for financing
for transactions involving the export of goods
and services for the use of the private sector
in Poland.
(b) Guarantees available only for short-term
guarantees and insurance
Guarantees provided under subsection (a) shall
be for short-term guarantees and insurance ex-
tended by the Bank which shall be repayable
within a period not to exceed one year from the
date of arrival at the port of importation of the
goods and services covered by such guarantees
or insurance.
(c) Agreement on criteria and procedures
Guarantees or insurance extended
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2185
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.