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49 U.S.C. § 30111 — Standards
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Requirements.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe motor vehicle safety standards. Each standard shall be practicable, meet the need for motor vehicle safety, and be stated in objective terms.
**(b) Considerations and Consultation.—** When prescribing a motor vehicle safety standard under this chapter, the Secretary shall—
(1) consider relevant available motor vehicle safety information;
(2) consult with the agency established under the Act of August 20, 1958 (Public Law 85–684, 72 Stat. 635), and other appropriate State or interstate authorities (including legislative committees);
(3) consider whether a proposed standard is reasonable, practicable, and appropriate for the particular type of motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment for which it is prescribed; and
(4) consider the extent to which the standard will carry out [section 30101 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30101&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Cooperation.—** The Secretary may advise, assist, and cooperate with departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government, States, and other public and private agencies in developing motor vehicle safety standards.
**(d) Effective Dates of Standards.—** The Secretary shall specify the effective date of a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter in the order prescribing the standard. A standard may not become effective before the 180th day after the standard is prescribed or later than one year after it is prescribed. However, the Secretary may prescribe a different effective date after finding, for good cause shown, that a different effective date is in the public interest and publishing the reasons for the finding.
**(e) 5-Year Plan f
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 301, § 30111; chapter-301-motor-vehicle-safety.md
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**(a) General Requirements.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe motor vehicle safety standards. Each standard shall be practicable, meet the need for motor vehicle safety, and be stated in objective terms.
**(b) Considerations and Consultation.—** When prescribing a motor vehicle safety standard under this chapter, the Secretary shall—
(1) consider relevant available motor vehicle safety information;
(2) consult with the agency established under the Act of August 20, 1958 (Public Law 85–684, 72 Stat. 635), and other appropriate State or interstate authorities (including legislative committees);
(3) consider whether a proposed standard is reasonable, practicable, and appropriate for the particular type of motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment for which it is prescribed; and
(4) consider the extent to which the standard will carry out [section 30101 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30101&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Cooperation.—** The Secretary may advise, assist, and cooperate with departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government, States, and other public and private agencies in developing motor vehicle safety standards.
**(d) Effective Dates of Standards.—** The Secretary shall specify the effective date of a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter in the order prescribing the standard. A standard may not become effective before the 180th day after the standard is prescribed or later than one year after it is prescribed. However, the Secretary may prescribe a different effective date after finding, for good cause shown, that a different effective date is in the public interest and publishing the reasons for the finding.
**(e) 5-Year Plan for Testing Standards.—** The Secretary shall establish and periodically review and update on a continuing basis a 5-year plan for testing motor vehicle safety standards prescribed under this chapter that the Secretary considers capable of being tested. In developing the plan and establishing testing priorities, the Secretary shall consider factors the Secretary considers appropriate, consistent with [section 30101 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30101&num=0&edition=prelim) and the Secretary’s other duties and powers under this chapter. The Secretary may change at any time those priorities to address matters the Secretary considers of greater priority. The initial plan may be the 5-year plan for compliance testing in effect on December 18, 1991.
**(f) Motor Vehicle Safety Guidelines.—**
(1) **In general.—** — No guidelines issued by the Secretary with respect to motor vehicle safety shall confer any rights on any person, State, or locality, nor shall operate to bind the Secretary or any person to the approach recommended in such guidelines. In any enforcement action with respect to motor vehicle safety, the Secretary shall allege a violation of a provision of this subtitle, a motor vehicle safety standard issued under this subtitle, or another relevant statute or regulation. The Secretary may not base an enforcement action on, or execute a consent order based on, practices that are alleged to be inconsistent with any such guidelines, unless the practices allegedly violate a provision of this subtitle, a motor vehicle safety standard issued under this subtitle, or another relevant statute or regulation.
(2) **Rule of construction.—** — Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to confer any authority upon or negate any authority of the Secretary to issue guidelines under this chapter.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Transportation shall not obligate any funds authorized to be appropriated to carry out the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (96 Stat. 2097) or this title and administered by the Department of Transportation, unless steel, iron, and manufactured products used in such project are produced in the United States.
**(b)** The provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall not apply where the Secretary finds—
(1) that their application would be inconsistent with the public interest;
(2) that such materials and products are not produced in the United States in sufficient and reasonably available quantities and of a satisfactory quality; or
(3) that inclusion of domestic material will increase the cost of the overall project contract by more than 25 percent.
**(c)** For purposes of this section, in calculating components’ costs, labor costs involved in final assembly shall not be included in the calculation.
**(d)** The Secretary of Transportation shall not impose any limitation or condition on assistance provided under the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (96 Stat. 2097) or this title that restricts any State from imposing more stringent requirements than this section on the use of articles, materials, and supplies mined, produced, or manufactured in foreign countries in projects carried out with such assistance or restricts any recipient of such assistance from complying with such State imposed requirements.
**(e) Intentional Violations.—** If it has been determined by a court or Federal agency that any person intentionally—
(1) affixed a label bearing a “Made in America” inscription, or any inscription with the same meaning, to any product used in projects to which this
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 313
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition of Funded Project.—** In this section, the term “funded project” means a project funded, in whole or in part, by a grant provided under section 402 or 405.
**(b) Regulatory Authority.—** Each funded project shall be carried out in accordance with applicable regulations promulgated by the Secretary.
**(c) State Matching Requirements.—** If a grant provided under this chapter requires any State to share in the cost of a funded project, the aggregate of the expenditures made by the State (including any political subdivision of the State) for highway safety activities during a fiscal year, exclusive of Federal funds, for carrying out the funded project (other than expenditures for planning or administration) shall be credited toward the non-Federal share of the cost of any other funded project (other than planning and administration) during that fiscal year, regardless of whether those expenditures were made in connection with the project.
**(d) Grant Application and Deadline.—**
(1) **Applications.—** — To be eligible to receive a grant under this chapter, a State shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.
(2) **Deadline.—** — The Secretary shall establish a single deadline for the submission of applications under paragraph (1) to enable the provision of grants under this chapter early in each applicable fiscal year beginning after the date of submission.
**(e) Distribution of Funds to States.—** Not later than 60 days after the later of the start of a fiscal year or the date of enactment of any appropriations Act making funds available to carry out this chapter for that fiscal year, the Secretary shall distribute to each State the portion of those funds to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 406
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purpose of this chapter is to reduce traffic accidents and deaths and injuries resulting from traffic accidents. Therefore it is necessary—
(1) to prescribe motor vehicle safety standards for motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment in interstate commerce; and
(2) to carry out needed safety research and development.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this part, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) **Board.—** — The term “Board” means the Surface Transportation Board.
(2) **Broker.—** — The term “broker” means a person, other than a motor carrier or an employee or agent of a motor carrier, that as a principal or agent sells, offers for sale, negotiates for, or holds itself out by solicitation, advertisement, or otherwise as selling, providing, or arranging for, transportation by motor carrier for compensation.
(3) **Carrier.—** — The term “carrier” means a motor carrier, a water carrier, and a freight forwarder.
(4) **Contract carriage.—** — The term “contract carriage” means—
(A) for transportation provided before January 1, 1996, service provided pursuant to a permit issued under section 10923, as in effect on December 31, 1995; and
(B) for transportation provided after December 31, 1995, service provided under an agreement entered into under section 14101(b).
(5) **Control.—** — The term “control”, when referring to a relationship between persons, includes actual control, legal control, and the power to exercise control, through or by—
(A) common directors, officers, stockholders, a voting trust, or a holding or investment company, or
(B) any other means.
(6) **Foreign motor carrier.—** — The term “foreign motor carrier” means a person (including a motor carrier of property but excluding a motor private carrier)—
(A)
(i) that is domiciled in a contiguous foreign country; or
(ii) that is owned or controlled by persons of a contiguous foreign country; and
(B) in the case of a person that is not a motor carrier of property, that provides interstate transportation of property by motor vehicle under an agreement or contract entered into with a motor carrier of property (other
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 13102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this part (except chapter 329 and except as provided in section 33101)—
(1) “bumper standard” means a minimum performance standard that substantially reduces—
(A) the damage to the front or rear end of a passenger motor vehicle from a low-speed collision (including a collision with a fixed barrier) or from towing the vehicle; or
(B) the cost of repairing the damage.
(2) “insurer” means a person in the business of issuing, or reinsuring any part of, a passenger motor vehicle insurance policy.
(3) “interstate commerce” means commerce between a place in a State and—
(A) a place in another State; or
(B) another place in the same State through another State.
(4) “make”, when describing a passenger motor vehicle, means the trade name of the manufacturer of the vehicle.
(5) “manufacturer” means a person—
(A) manufacturing or assembling passenger motor vehicles or passenger motor vehicle equipment; or
(B) importing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(6) “model”, when describing a passenger motor vehicle, means a category of passenger motor vehicles based on the size, style, and type of a make of vehicle.
(7) “motor vehicle” means a vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.
(8) “motor vehicle accident” means an accident resulting from the maintenance or operation of a passenger motor vehicle or passenger motor vehicle equipment.
(9) “multipurpose passenger vehicle” means a passenger motor vehicle constructed on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation.
(10) “passenger motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle with motive power designed to carry not more than 12 indi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 32101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
A commission is created and established, to be known as the Federal Trade Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission), which shall be composed of five Commissioners, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more than three of the Commissioners shall be members of the same political party. The first Commissioners appointed shall continue in office for terms of three, four, five, six, and seven years, respectively, from September 26, 1914, the term of each to be designated by the President, but their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years, except that any person chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the Commissioner whom he shall succeed: Provided, however, That upon the expiration of his term of office a Commissioner shall continue to serve until his successor shall have been appointed and shall have qualified..11 So in original. The President shall choose a chairman from the Commission’s membership. No Commissioner shall engage in any other business, vocation, or employment. Any Commissioner may be removed by the President for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office. A vacancy in the Commission shall not impair the right of the remaining Commissioners to exercise all the powers of the Commission.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 41
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this title, the following definitions apply:
(1) **Apportionment.—** — The term “apportionment” includes unexpended apportionments made under prior authorization laws.
(2) **Asset management.—** — The term “asset management” means a strategic and systematic process of operating, maintaining, and improving physical assets, with a focus on both engineering and economic analysis based upon quality information, to identify a structured sequence of maintenance, preservation, repair, rehabilitation, and replacement actions that will achieve and sustain a desired state of good repair over the lifecycle of the assets at minimum practicable cost.
(3) **Carpool project.—** — The term “carpool project” means any project to encourage the use of carpools and vanpools, including provision of carpooling opportunities to the elderly and individuals with disabilities, systems for locating potential riders and informing them of carpool opportunities, acquiring vehicles for carpool use, designating existing highway lanes as preferential carpool highway lanes, providing related traffic control devices, designating existing facilities for use for preferential parking for carpools, and real-time ridesharing projects, such as projects where drivers, using an electronic transfer of funds, recover costs directly associated with the trip provided through the use of location technology to quantify those direct costs, subject to the condition that the cost recovered does not exceed the cost of the trip provided.
(4) **Construction.—** — The term “construction” means the supervising, inspecting, actual building, and incurrence of all costs incidental to the construction or reconstruction of a highway or any project eligible for assistance under this title, including bon
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this section—
(1) “bus” means a motor vehicle with motive power (except a trailer) designed to carry more than 10 individuals.
(2) “multipurpose passenger vehicle” means a motor vehicle with motive power (except a trailer), designed to carry not more than 10 individuals, that is constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation.
(3) “passenger car” means a motor vehicle with motive power (except a multipurpose passenger vehicle, motorcycle, or trailer) designed to carry not more than 10 individuals.
(4) “truck” means a motor vehicle with motive power (except a trailer) designed primarily to transport property or special purpose equipment.
**(b) Inflatable Restraint Requirements.—**
(1) Not later than September 1, 1993, the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe under this chapter an amendment to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208 issued under the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966. The amendment shall require that the automatic occupant crash protection system for both of the front outboard seating positions for each of the following vehicles be an inflatable restraint (with lap and shoulder belts) complying with the occupant protection requirements under section 4.1.2.1 of Standard 208:
(A) 95 percent of each manufacturer’s annual production of passenger cars manufactured after August 31, 1996, and before September 1, 1997.
(B) 80 percent of each manufacturer’s annual production of buses, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks (except walk-in van-type trucks and vehicles designed to be sold only to the United States Postal Service) with a gross vehicle weight rating of not more than 8,500 pounds and an unloaded vehicle weight of not more than 5,500 po
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30127
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Minimum Safety Standards.—** Subject to [section 30103(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30103/a&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe regulations on commercial motor vehicle safety. The regulations shall prescribe minimum safety standards for commercial motor vehicles. At a minimum, the regulations shall ensure that—
(1) commercial motor vehicles are maintained, equipped, loaded, and operated safely;
(2) the responsibilities imposed on operators of commercial motor vehicles do not impair their ability to operate the vehicles safely;
(3) the physical condition of operators of commercial motor vehicles is adequate to enable them to operate the vehicles safely and the periodic physical examinations required of such operators are performed by medical examiners who have received training in physical and medical examination standards and, after the national registry maintained by the Department of Transportation under section 31149(d) is established, are listed on such registry;
(4) the operation of commercial motor vehicles does not have a deleterious effect on the physical condition of the operators; and
(5) an operator of a commercial motor vehicle is not coerced by a motor carrier, shipper, receiver, or transportation intermediary to operate a commercial motor vehicle in violation of a regulation promulgated under this section, or chapter 51 or chapter 313 of this title.
**(b) Eliminating and Amending Existing Regulations.—** The Secretary may not eliminate or amend an existing motor carrier safety regulation related only to the maintenance, equipment, loading, or operation (including routing) of vehicles carrying material found to be hazardous under [section 5103 of
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 31136
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 755
TITLE 49—TRANSPORTATION
§ 30111
§ 30106. Rented or leased motor vehicle safety
and responsibility
(a) IN GENERAL.—An owner of a motor vehicle
that rents or leases the vehicle to a person (or
an affiliate of the owner) shall not be liable
under the law of any State or political subdivi-
sion thereof, by reason of being the owner of the
vehicle (or an affiliate of the owner), for harm to
persons or property that results or arises out of
the use, operation, or possession of the vehicle
during the period of the rental or lease, if—
(1) the owner (or an affiliate of the owner) is
engaged in the trade or business of renting or
leasing motor vehicles; and
(2) there is no negligence or criminal wrong-
doing on the part of the owner (or an affiliate
of the owner).
(b) FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY LAWS.—Nothing
in this section supersedes the law of any State
or political subdivision thereof—
(1) imposing financial responsibility or in-
surance standards on the owner of a motor ve-
hicle for the privilege of registering and oper-
ating a motor vehicle; or
(2) imposing liability on business entities en-
gaged in the trade or business of renting or
leasing motor vehicles for failure to meet the
financial responsibility or liability insurance
requirements under State law.
(c) APPLICABILITY AND EFFECTIVE DATE.—Not-
withstanding any other provision of law, this
section shall apply with respect to any action
commenced on or after the date of enactment of
this section without regard to whether the harm
that is the subject of the action, or the conduct
that caused the harm, occurred before such date
of enactment.
(d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section, the following
definitions apply:
(1) AFFILIATE.—The term ‘‘affiliate’’ means a
person other than the owner tha
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 49 U.S.C. § 30111
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