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22 U.S.C. § 5461 — Policy coordination of SEED Program
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1664
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 5453
1 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized.
(e) Funding of EPA activities
To
enable
the
Environmental
Protection
Agency to carry out subsections (b), (c), and (d),
there
are
authorized
to
be
appropriated
$10,000,000 for the 3-year period beginning Octo-
ber 1, 1989, to carry out chapter 1 of part I of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151
and following; relating to development assist-
ance) or chapter 4 of Part 1 II of that Act (22
U.S.C. 2346 and following; relating to the eco-
nomic support fund). These funds may be used to
carry out those subsections notwithstanding
any provision of law relating to the use of for-
eign assistance funds.
(f) Department of Energy activities relating to
fossil fuels
(1) Clean coal
The Secretary of Energy shall cooperate
with Polish officials and experts to retrofit a
coal-fired
commercial
powerplant
in
the
Krakow, Poland, region with advanced clean
coal technology that has been successfully
demonstrated at a comparably scaled power-
plant in the United States. Such retrofit shall
be carried out by one or more United States
companies using United States technology and
equipment manufactured in the United States.
The Secretary may vest title in any property
acquired under this paragraph in an entity
other than the United States.
(2) Equipment assessment
The Secretary of Energy shall cooperate
with Polish officials and experts and compa-
nies within the United States to assess and de-
velop the capability within Poland to manu-
facture or modify boilers, furnaces, smelters,
or other equipment that will enable industrial
facilities within Poland to use fossil fuels
cleanly. The Secretary may vest title in any
prope
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Page 1664
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 5453
1 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized.
(e) Funding of EPA activities
To
enable
the
Environmental
Protection
Agency to carry out subsections (b), (c), and (d),
there
are
authorized
to
be
appropriated
$10,000,000 for the 3-year period beginning Octo-
ber 1, 1989, to carry out chapter 1 of part I of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151
and following; relating to development assist-
ance) or chapter 4 of Part 1 II of that Act (22
U.S.C. 2346 and following; relating to the eco-
nomic support fund). These funds may be used to
carry out those subsections notwithstanding
any provision of law relating to the use of for-
eign assistance funds.
(f) Department of Energy activities relating to
fossil fuels
(1) Clean coal
The Secretary of Energy shall cooperate
with Polish officials and experts to retrofit a
coal-fired
commercial
powerplant
in
the
Krakow, Poland, region with advanced clean
coal technology that has been successfully
demonstrated at a comparably scaled power-
plant in the United States. Such retrofit shall
be carried out by one or more United States
companies using United States technology and
equipment manufactured in the United States.
The Secretary may vest title in any property
acquired under this paragraph in an entity
other than the United States.
(2) Equipment assessment
The Secretary of Energy shall cooperate
with Polish officials and experts and compa-
nies within the United States to assess and de-
velop the capability within Poland to manu-
facture or modify boilers, furnaces, smelters,
or other equipment that will enable industrial
facilities within Poland to use fossil fuels
cleanly. The Secretary may vest title in any
property acquired under this paragraph in an
entity other than the United States.
(3) Authorization of appropriations
To carry out paragraphs (1) and (2) of this
subsection, there are authorized to be appro-
priated $30,000,000 for the 3-year period begin-
ning October 1, 1989. Not more than $10,000,000
of the funds appropriated under this paragraph
may be used to carry out the requirements of
paragraph (1).
(g) Priority for efficient energy use
In view of the high energy usage per unit of
output in Hungary and Poland, the Secretary of
Energy shall give high priority to assisting offi-
cials of Poland and Hungary in improving the ef-
ficiency of their energy use, through emphasis
on such measures as efficient motors, lights,
gears, and appliances and improvements in
building insulation and design.
(h) Alternative investments in energy in Hun-
gary
It is the sense of the Congress that the Execu-
tive branch should work with the Government of
Hungary to achieve environmentally safe alter-
native investments in energy efficiency, par-
ticularly with regard to projects along the Dan-
ube River.
(Pub. L. 101–179, title V, § 502, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1317.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in sub-
sec. (e), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424.
Chapter 1 of part I and chapter 4 of part II of the For-
eign Assistance Act of 1961 are classified generally to
part I (§ 2151 et seq.) of subchapter I and part IV (§ 2346
et seq.) of subchapter II, respectively, of chapter 32 of
this title. For provisions deeming references to part I
of subchapter I to include a reference to section 2293 of
this title, see section 2293(d)(1) of this title. For com-
plete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short
Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and
Tables.
§ 5453. Medical supplies, hospital equipment, and
medical training for Poland
(a) Authorization of assistance
In addition to amounts otherwise available for
such purposes, there are authorized to be appro-
priated to carry out chapter 4 of part II of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346
and following; relating to the economic support
fund) $4,000,000 for the 3-year period beginning
October 1, 1989, which shall be available only—
(1) for providing medical supplies and hos-
pital equipment to Poland through private and
voluntary organizations, including for the ex-
penses of purchasing, transporting, and dis-
tributing such supplies and equipment, and
(2) for training of Polish medical personnel.
(b) Nonapplicability of other laws
Assistance may be provided under this section
notwithstanding any other provision of law,
other than—
(1) section 104(f) of the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151b(f); relating to the
prohibition on the use of funds for abortions
and involuntary sterilizations), and
(2) any provision of the annual Foreign Oper-
ations, Export Financing, and Related Pro-
grams Appropriations Act that relates to abor-
tion.
(Pub. L. 101–179, title V, § 503, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1318.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in sub-
sec. (a), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424.
Chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 is classified to part IV (§ 2346 et seq.) of subchapter
II of chapter 32 of this title. For complete classification
of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out
under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
The Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Re-
lated Programs Appropriations Act, referred to in sub-
sec. (b)(2), is for fiscal year 1990, Pub. L. 101–167, Nov.
21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1195. For complete classification of
this and other Foreign Operations, Export Financing,
and Related Programs Appropriations Acts to the Code,
see Tables.
SUBCHAPTER V—ADDITIONAL SEED
PROGRAM ACTIONS
§ 5461. Policy coordination of SEED Program
The President shall designate, within the De-
partment of State, a SEED Program coordinator
Page 1665
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 5471
1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘furtherance’’.
2 So in original. The comma probably should be a semicolon.
1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘section’’.
who shall be directly responsible for overseeing
and coordinating all programs described in this
chapter and all other activities that the United
States Government conducts in furtherance of
the purposes of this chapter.
(Pub. L. 101–179, title VI, § 601, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1319.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original
‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 101–179, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1298, which is classified principally to this chap-
ter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code,
see Short Title note set out under section 5401 of this
title and Tables.
§ 5462. SEED Information Center System
(a) Establishment
The President shall establish a SEED Informa-
tion Center System, using existing Executive
branch agencies and acting in cooperation with
the Government of Poland and the Government
of Hungary.
(b) Functions
(1) In general
The SEED Information Center System shall
serve as a central clearinghouse mechanism
for information relating to—
(A) business needs and opportunities in
Eastern Europe, and
(B) voluntary assistance to countries in
Eastern Europe.
(2) Private enterprise development
The SEED Information Center System shall
be organized, among other purposes, to en-
courage—
(A) the submission of economically sound
proposals to the Polish-American Enterprise
Fund and Hungarian-American Enterprise
Fund, and
(B) other sources of finance for the devel-
opment of private enterprise in Eastern Eu-
rope.
(c) Location
The SEED Information Center System shall be
based jointly in Washington, District of Colum-
bia; Warsaw, Poland; and Budapest, Hungary;
and should it become appropriate, the capitals
of other East European countries.
(Pub. L. 101–179, title VI, § 602, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1319.)
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions of President under this section delegated
to Secretary of Commerce by section 3 of Ex. Ord. No.
12703, Feb. 20, 1990, 55 F.R. 6351, set out as a note under
section 5401 of this title.
§ 5463. Encouraging voluntary assistance for Po-
land and Hungary
(a) Encouraging private contributions
It is the sense of the Congress that the Presi-
dent should take all possible steps to encourage
across the Nation a massive outpouring of pri-
vate contributions of money and nonperishable
foods, to be collected by civic, religious, school,
and youth organizations, for assistance to Po-
land and to refugees from Romania who are in
Hungary.
(b) Transportation to Poland of private contribu-
tions
In further 1 of subsection (a), the President—
(1) using all available authorities, including
section 402 of title 10 (relating to transpor-
tation of humanitarian relief supplies), should
use resources of the Department of Defense
(including the National Guard) to transport
nonfinancial private contributions to Poland,2
(2) should request additional authorities as
needed for the use of those resources for that
purpose; and
(3) should encourage maximum participation
by such recognized private and voluntary or-
ganizations as the Polish-American Congress
in the transportation of nonfinancial private
contributions to Poland.
(Pub. L. 101–179, title VI, § 603, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1319.)
§ 5464. Economic and commercial officers at
United States embassies and missions in Po-
land and Hungary
It is the sense of the Congress that, to the ex-
tent practicable—
(1) the United States Embassy in Budapest,
Hungary, should be assigned one additional
economic and commercial officer;
(2) the United States Embassy in Warsaw,
Poland, should be assigned one additional eco-
nomic officer and one additional commercial
officer;
(3) the United States Trade Center in War-
saw, Poland, should be assigned one additional
economic and commercial officer; and
(4) the United States mission in Krakow, Po-
land, should be assigned one additional eco-
nomic and commercial officer.
(Pub. L. 101–179, title VI, § 604, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat. 1320.)
SUBCHAPTER VI—REPORTS TO CONGRESS
§ 5471. Report on initial steps taken by United
States and on Poland’s requirement for agri-
cultural assistance
(a) Initial report
Not later than 60 days after November 28, 1989,
the President shall submit a report to the Con-
gress—
(1) describing the steps taken by the United
States Government pursuant to subchapter I,
in particular sections 1 5412(a) and (b) of this
title;
(2) assessing Poland’s requirements for addi-
tional agricultural assistance during fiscal
year 1990 and its requirements for agricultural
assistance during fiscal years 1991 and 1992;
and
(3) specifying how much agricultural assist-
ance the President proposes be provided by the
United States to meet those requirements.
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(a) United States development cooperation policy
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2151
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 22 U.S.C. § 2151. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 532
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2151
Sec.
2394a.
Extortion and illegal payments to offi-
cials of foreign countries receiving
international security assistance.
2394b.
HELP Commission.
2394c.
Information on covered United States
foreign assistance programs.
2395.
General authorities.
2395a.
International
agreements
concerning
debt relief; transmittal to congres-
sional committees.
2396.
Availability of funds.
2396a.
Property Management Fund.
2396b.
USAID Buying Power Maintenance Ac-
count.
2397.
Administrative expenses.
2398.
Assistance to countries pursuant to
other statutes.
2399 to 2399a. Repealed or Transferred.
2399b.
False claims and ineligible commodities.
2399c.
Coordination of policies and programs.
2399d.
Shipping differential.
PART III—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
2401.
Effective date; identification of pro-
grams.
2402.
Saving provisions.
2403.
Definitions.
2404.
Unexpended balances.
2405.
Separability.
2406.
Development programs for dependable
fuel supplies.
2407.
Special authorization for use of foreign
currencies.
2408.
Repealed.
2409.
Use of United States Armed Forces.
2410, 2410a.
Repealed.
2411.
Limitation upon exercise of special au-
thorities.
2412.
Limitation on foreign assistance appro-
priations.
2413.
Changes in allocation of foreign assist-
ance.
2414.
Presidential findings and determina-
tions.
2414a.
Annual report to Congress on voting
practices at United Nations.
2415.
Annual military assistance report.
2416.
Annual foreign military training report.
2417 to 2419.
Repealed.
2420.
Police training prohibition.
2421.
Trade and Development Agency.
2421a.
Capital projects office within Agency for
International Development.
2421b.
Capital projects for
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2151
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 22 U.S.C. § 2151. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Congressional declaration of policy** The Congress recognizes that poor health conditions and uncontrolled population growth can vitiate otherwise successful development efforts. Large families in developing countries are the result of complex social and economic factors which change relatively slowly among the poor majority least affected by economic progress, as well as the result of a lack of effective birth control. Therefore, effective family planning depends upon economic and social change as well as the delivery of services and is often a matter of political and religious sensitivity. While every country has the right to determine its own policies with respect to population growth, voluntary population planning programs can make a substantial contribution to economic development, higher living standards, and improved health and nutrition. Good health conditions are a principal element in improved quality of life and contribute to the individual’s capacity to participate in the development process, while poor health and debilitating disease can limit productivity.
**(b) Assistance for voluntary population planning** In order to increase the opportunities and motivation for family planning and to reduce the rate of population growth, the President is authorized to furnish assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, for voluntary population planning. In addition to the provision of family planning information and services, including also information and services which relate to and support natural family planning methods, and the conduct of directly relevant demographic research, population planning programs shall emphasize motivation for small families.
**(c) Assistance for health programs; special health needs of children and mothers; Chi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2151b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 587
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2151b
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original
‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75
Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.
For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title
and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1978—Pub. L. 95–424 inserted ‘‘environmental’’ after
‘‘social’’ in cl. 2.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978,
see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as a note under
section 2151 of this title.
§ 2151b. Population planning and health pro-
grams
(a) Congressional declaration of policy
The Congress recognizes that poor health con-
ditions and uncontrolled population growth can
vitiate otherwise successful development ef-
forts.
Large families in developing countries are the
result of complex social and economic factors
which change relatively slowly among the poor
majority least affected by economic progress, as
well as the result of a lack of effective birth con-
trol. Therefore, effective family planning de-
pends upon economic and social change as well
as the delivery of services and is often a matter
of political and religious sensitivity. While
every country has the right to determine its
own policies with respect to population growth,
voluntary population planning programs can
make a substantial contribution to economic de-
velopment, higher living standards, and im-
proved health and nutrition.
Good health conditions are a principal ele-
ment in improved quality of life and contribute
to the individual’s capacity to participate in the
development pr
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2151b
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 22 U.S.C. § 2151b. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Policy requirements for assistance** The Congress recognizes that, under special economic, political, or security conditions, the national interests of the United States may require economic support for countries or in amounts which could not be justified solely under part I of subchapter I of this chapter or, in the case of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, part X of subchapter I of this chapter. In such cases, the President is authorized to furnish assistance to countries and organizations, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to promote economic or political stability. To the maximum extent feasible, the President shall provide assistance under this part consistent with the policy directions, purposes, and programs of subchapter I of this chapter.
**(b) Responsibility for policy decisions and justifications** The Secretary of State shall be responsible for policy decisions and justifications for economic support programs under this part, including determinations of whether there will be an economic support program for a country and the amount of the program for each country. The Secretary shall exercise this responsibility in cooperation with the Administrator of the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter.
**(c) Detailed justification for uses and purposes of funds** As part of the annual presentation materials for foreign assistance submitted to the Congress, the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter II of this chapter shall provide a detailed justification for the uses and the purposes of the funds provided under this part. Such material shall include, but not be limited to, information concerning the amounts and kinds of cash grant transfers, the amounts and kinds of budgetary an
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2346
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 804
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2345
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
For delegation of functions of President under this
section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R.
56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381
of this title.
§ 2345. Repealed. Pub. L. 90–629, ch. 4, § 45(a),
Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1327
Section, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 525, formerly §§ 503(e),
509(b), as added Pub. L. 88–633, pt. II, § 201(a), (d), Oct.
7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1011; amended Pub. L. 89–171, pt. II,
§ 201(f), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 657; renumbered § 525 and
amended Pub. L. 90–137, pt. II, § 201(b)(3), (i)(2), Nov. 14,
1967, 81 Stat. 455, 457, provided for guaranties until June
30, 1968. See section 2764 of this title.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL
Repeal effective July 1, 1968, see section 41 of Pub. L.
90–629, set out as an Effective Date note under section
2751 of this title.
SAVINGS PROVISION
Determinations, authorizations, regulations, orders,
contracts, agreements, and other actions issued under-
taken, or entered into under authority of any provision
of former section 2345 of this title as continuing in full
force and effect until modified by appropriate author-
ity, see section 46 of Pub. L. 90–629, set out as a note
under former section 2341 of this title.
PART IV—ECONOMIC SUPPORT FUND
§ 2346. Authority
(a) Policy requirements for assistance
The Congress recognizes that, under special
economic, political, or security conditions, the
national interests of the United States may re-
quire economic support for countries or in
amounts which could not be justified solely
under part I of subchapter I of this chapter or,
in the case of countries in sub-Saharan Africa,
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2346
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Priority for control of pollution** The Congress recognizes the severe pollution problems affecting Poland and Hungary and the serious health problems which ensue from such pollution. The Congress therefore directs that a high priority be given in the implementation of assistance to Poland and Hungary to the control of pollution and the restoration of the natural resource base on which a sustainable, healthy economy depends.
**(b) EPA activities generally** In addition to specific authorities contained in any of the environmental statutes administered by the Environmental Protection Agency, the Administrator of that Agency (hereinafter in this section referred to as the “Administrator”) is authorized to undertake such educational, policy training, research, and technical and financial assistance, monitoring, coordinating, and other activities as the Administrator may deem appropriate, either alone or in cooperation with other United States or foreign agencies, governments, or public or private institutions, in protecting the environment in Poland and Hungary.
**(c) EPA activities in Poland** The Administrator shall cooperate with Polish officials and experts to—
(1) establish an air quality monitoring network in the Krakow metropolitan area as a part of Poland’s national air monitoring network; and
(2) improve both water quality and the availability of drinking water in the Krakow metropolitan area.
**(d) EPA activities in Hungary** The Administrator shall work with other United States and Hungarian officials and private parties to establish and support a regional center in Budapest for facilitating cooperative environmental activities between governmental experts and public and private organizations from the United States and Eastern and Western Europe.
**(
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 5461
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