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22 U.S.C. § 2346 — Authority
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Policy requirements for assistance** The Congress recognizes that, under special economic, political, or security conditions, the national interests of the United States may require economic support for countries or in amounts which could not be justified solely under part I of subchapter I of this chapter or, in the case of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, part X of subchapter I of this chapter. In such cases, the President is authorized to furnish assistance to countries and organizations, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to promote economic or political stability. To the maximum extent feasible, the President shall provide assistance under this part consistent with the policy directions, purposes, and programs of subchapter I of this chapter.
**(b) Responsibility for policy decisions and justifications** The Secretary of State shall be responsible for policy decisions and justifications for economic support programs under this part, including determinations of whether there will be an economic support program for a country and the amount of the program for each country. The Secretary shall exercise this responsibility in cooperation with the Administrator of the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter.
**(c) Detailed justification for uses and purposes of funds** As part of the annual presentation materials for foreign assistance submitted to the Congress, the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter II of this chapter shall provide a detailed justification for the uses and the purposes of the funds provided under this part. Such material shall include, but not be limited to, information concerning the amounts and kinds of cash grant transfers, the amounts and kinds of budgetary an
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2346
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2346-policy-requirements-for-assistance-the-congress-recognizes-that-under-sp--6f03e3d941.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 32, § 2346; chapter-032-foreign-assistance.md
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**(a) Policy requirements for assistance** The Congress recognizes that, under special economic, political, or security conditions, the national interests of the United States may require economic support for countries or in amounts which could not be justified solely under part I of subchapter I of this chapter or, in the case of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, part X of subchapter I of this chapter. In such cases, the President is authorized to furnish assistance to countries and organizations, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to promote economic or political stability. To the maximum extent feasible, the President shall provide assistance under this part consistent with the policy directions, purposes, and programs of subchapter I of this chapter.
**(b) Responsibility for policy decisions and justifications** The Secretary of State shall be responsible for policy decisions and justifications for economic support programs under this part, including determinations of whether there will be an economic support program for a country and the amount of the program for each country. The Secretary shall exercise this responsibility in cooperation with the Administrator of the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter.
**(c) Detailed justification for uses and purposes of funds** As part of the annual presentation materials for foreign assistance submitted to the Congress, the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter II of this chapter shall provide a detailed justification for the uses and the purposes of the funds provided under this part. Such material shall include, but not be limited to, information concerning the amounts and kinds of cash grant transfers, the amounts and kinds of budgetary and balance-of-payments support provided, and the amounts and kinds of project assistance provided with funds made available under this part.
**(d) Repealed. Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(d) [title V, § 533(a)(5)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–150, 2681–180**
**(e) Availability of funds** Amounts appropriated to carry out this part shall be available for economic programs only and may not be used for military or paramilitary purposes.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Delegation by President; rules and regulations; utilization of goods and services from private enterprise, and facilities and resources of Federal agencies when not competitive with private enterprise** The President may exercise any functions conferred upon him by this chapter through such agency or officer of the United States Government as he shall direct. The head of any such agency or such officer may from time to time promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out such functions, and may delegate authority to perform any such functions, including, if he shall so specify, the authority successively to redelegate any of such functions to any of his subordinates. In providing technical assistance under this chapter, the head of any such agency or such officer shall utilize, to the fullest extent practicable, goods and professional and other services from private enterprise on a contract basis. In such fields as education, health, housing, or agriculture, the facilities and resources of other Federal agencies shall be utilized when such facilities are particularly or uniquely suitable for technical assistance, are not competitive with private enterprise, and can be made available without interfering unduly with domestic programs.
**(b) Eligibility of suppliers; debarment period; causes for debarment; conditions for reinstatement; periodic review** The President shall issue and enforce regulations determining the eligibility of any person to receive funds made available under this chapter. A person may be suspended under such regulations for a temporary period pending the completion of an investigation and any resulting judicial or debarment proceedings, upon cause for belief that such person or an affiliate thereof probably has undertake
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2381
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
There shall be at the seat of government an executive department to be known as the “Department of State”, and a Secretary of State, who shall be the head thereof.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2651
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds that—
(1) drought and famine have caused countless deaths and untold suffering among the people of sub-Saharan Africa;
(2) drought and famine in combination with other factors such as desertification, government neglect of the agricultural sector, and inappropriate economic policies have severely affected long-term development in sub-Saharan Africa; and
(3) the most cost-effective and efficient way of overcoming Africa’s vulnerability to drought and famine is to address Africa’s long-term development needs through a process that builds upon the needs and capabilities of the African people, promotes sustained and equitable economic growth, preserves the environment, and protects the rights of the individual.
**(b) Authority to furnish assistance** The President is authorized to furnish project and program assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine in accordance with the policies contained in this section, for long-term development in sub-Saharan Africa.
**(c) Purpose of assistance**
(1) **Purpose** — The purpose of assistance under this section shall be to help the poor majority of men and women in sub-Saharan Africa to participate in a process of long-term development through economic growth that is equitable, participatory, environmentally sustainable, and self-reliant.
(2) **Use of assistance to encourage private sector development** — Assistance under this section should, in a manner consistent with paragraph (1), be used to promote sustained economic growth, encourage private sector development, promote individual initiatives, and help to reduce the role of central governments in areas more appropriate for the private sector.
**(d) Application of development assistance general authorities and policies** E
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2293
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment and elements of program** The Director of the Trade and Development Agency shall carry out a program of tied aid credits for United States exports. The program shall be carried out in cooperation with the Export-Import Bank of the United States and with private financial institutions or entities, as appropriate. The program may include—
(1) the combined use of the credits, loans, or guarantees offered by the Bank with concessional financing or grants made available under subsection (d), by methods including the blending of the financing of, or parallel financing by, the Bank and the Trade and Development Agency; and
(2) the combination of concessional financing or grants made available under subsection (d) with financing offered by private financial institutions or entities, by methods including the blending of the financing of, or parallel financing by, the Trade and Development Agency and private institutions or entities.
**(b) Combination of funds with financing by Export-Import Bank or private commercial financing** These funds may be combined with financing by the Export-Import Bank of the United States or private commercial financing in order to offer, or arrange for, financing for the exportation of United States goods and services which is substantially as concessional as foreign financing for which there is reasonable proof that such foreign financing is being offered to, or arranged for, a bona fide foreign competitor for a United States export sale.
**(c) Limitation on use of Agency funds; authorization for establishment of fund**
(1) Funds which are used to carry out a tied aid credit program authorized by subsections (a) and (b) shall be offered only to finance United States exports which can reasonably be expected to contribute to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 12 U.S.C. § 635r
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Venue.—** Any civil action under [section 2333 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2333&num=0&edition=prelim) against any person may be instituted in the district court of the United States for any district where any plaintiff resides or where any defendant resides or is served, or has an agent. Process in such a civil action may be served in any district where the defendant resides, is found, or has an agent.
**(b) Special Maritime or Territorial Jurisdiction.—** If the actions giving rise to the claim occurred within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States, as defined in [section 7 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section7&num=0&edition=prelim), then any civil action under [section 2333 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2333&num=0&edition=prelim) against any person may be instituted in the district court of the United States for any district in which any plaintiff resides or the defendant resides, is served, or has an agent.
**(c) Service on Witnesses.—** A witness in a civil action brought under [section 2333 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2333&num=0&edition=prelim) may be served in any other district where the defendant resides, is found, or has an agent.
**(d) Convenience of the Forum.—** The district court shall not dismiss any action brought under [section 2333 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2333&num=0&edition=prelim) on the grounds of the inconvenience or inappropriateness of the forum chosen, unless—
(1) the action may be maintained in
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 2334
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Statement of purpose** It is the purpose of this section to encourage the establishment of partnerships between State governments, universities, community colleges, and businesses to support scholarships for talented socially and economically disadvantaged students from eligible countries in the Caribbean and Central America to study in the United States in order to—
(1) improve the diversity and quality of educational opportunities for such students;
(2) assist the development efforts of eligible countries by providing training and educational assistance to persons who can help address the social and economic needs of these countries;
(3) expand opportunities for cross-cultural studies and exchanges and improve the exchange of understanding and principles of democracy;
(4) promote positive and productive relationships between the United States and its neighbor countries in the Caribbean and Central American regions;
(5) give added visibility and focus to the “scholarship diplomacy” efforts of the United States Government by leveraging the monies available for this purpose through the development of partnerships among Federal, State, and local governments and the business and academic communities; and
(6) promote community involvement with the scholarship program as a tool for broadening and strengthening the “American experience” for foreign students.
**(b) Establishment of scholarship program** The Administrator of the Agency for International Development shall establish and administer a program of scholarship assistance, in cooperation with State governments, universities, community colleges, and businesses, to provide scholarships to enable socially and economically disadvantaged students from eligible countries in the Caribbean and Central America to s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 226
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership** The Secretary is authorized to establish a program, which may be known as the “Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership”, to help foreign countries—
(1) expand and increase secure internet access and digital infrastructure in emerging markets, including demand for and availability of high-quality information and communications technology (ICT) equipment, software, and services;
(2) protect technological assets, including data;
(3) adopt policies and regulatory positions that foster and encourage open, interoperable, reliable, and secure internet, the free flow of data, multi-stakeholder models of internet governance, and pro-competitive and secure ICT policies and regulations;
(4) access United States exports of ICT goods and services;
(5) expand interoperability and promote the diversification of ICT goods and supply chain services to be less reliant on imports from the People’s Republic of China;
(6) promote best practices and common standards for a national approach to cybersecurity; and
(7) advance other priorities consistent with paragraphs (1) through (6), as determined by the Secretary.
**(b) Use of funds** Funds made available to carry out this section may be used to strengthen civilian cybersecurity and information and communications technology capacity, including participation of foreign law enforcement and military personnel in non-military activities, notwithstanding any other provision of law, provided that such support is essential to enabling civilian and law enforcement of cybersecurity and information and communication technology related activities in their respective countries.
**(c) Implementation plan** Not later than 180 days after December 22, 2023, the Secretary shall su
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 10307
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization** In addition to amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out international conservation and biodiversity programs under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ([22 U.S.C. 2151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.[; [22 U.S.C. 2346](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2346&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]), and subject to the limitations set forth in subsections (b) and (c), there is authorized to be appropriated to the Foundation to carry out the purposes of this chapter—
(1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(2) not more than $100,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2026 through 2034.
**(b) Cost matching requirement** Amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) may only be made available to grantees to the extent the Foundation or such grantees secure funding for an eligible project from sources other than the United States Government in an amount that is not less than twice the amount received in grants for such project pursuant to [section 10606 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section10606&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Administrative costs** The administrative costs of the Foundation shall come from sources other than the United States Government.
**(d) Prohibition on use of grant amounts for lobbying expenses** Amounts provided as a grant by the Foundation pursuant to [section 10606 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section10606&num=0&edition=prelim) may not be used for any activity intended to influence legislation pending before the Congress of the United States.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 10609
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization for expenses** In order to provide for United States participation in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, there is authorized to be appropriated such amounts as may be necessary from time to time for the payment by the United States of its share of the expenses of the Organization and all necessary salaries and expenses of the United States permanent representative to the Organization, of such persons as may be appointed to represent the United States in the subsidiary bodies of the Organization or in any multilateral organization which participates in achieving the aims of the North Atlantic Treaty, and of their appropriate staffs, and the expenses of participation in meetings of such organizations, including salaries, expenses, and allowances of personnel and dependents as authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [[22 U.S.C. 3901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and allowances and expenses as provided in [section 287r of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section287r&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Appointment of personal representative** The United States permanent representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization shall be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and shall hold office at the pleasure of the President. Such representative shall have the rank and status of ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary and shall be a chief of mission under the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [[22 U.S.C. 3901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
**(c) Duration of staff service** Persons detailed to the inte
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1928
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purpose** The purpose of this section is to promote economic integration and the consolidation and strengthening of democratic institutions in the Western Hemisphere, and to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus through the establishment of an institution of higher education, which shall be known as the “International University for the Americas”.
**(b) Establishment** The Secretary of State, in consultation with other governments in the Western Hemisphere, shall determine the most appropriate location for the International University for the Americas. In making that determination, the Secretary shall ensure that—
(1) the location chosen is in the Americas and is easily accessible to all peoples in the region; and
(2) the relevant government—
(A) has demonstrated a commitment to economic integration and democratic values though 11 So in original. Probably should be “through”. its policies and programs; and
(B) has expressed an interest in that location being chosen as a site and has agreed to contribute some amount of assistance, either in cash or kind, toward the costs of developing the institution.
**(c) Faculty, students, and curriculum** In developing the bylaws of the International University for the Americas, the Secretary of State shall ensure that they contain provisions to ensure that faculty and students are drawn from all the nations in the Western Hemisphere, and that the curriculum is designed to develop expertise in fields that will promote the economic integration of the Americas and the consolidation of democracy throughout the Hemisphere.
**(d) Annual report** The annual reports submitted pursuant to [section 1738m of title 7](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prel
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2077
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