Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections
16 U.S.C. § 410hh — Establishment of new areas
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 304
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 410gg–3
Act, which enacted sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of this title
and provisions set out as a note under section 100101 of
Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs.
Sections 1 to 4 of the Act were repealed and restated as
section 1865(a) of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Proce-
dure, and section 100101(a), chapter 1003, and sections
100751(a), 100752, 100753, and 102101 of Title 54 by Pub. L.
113–287, §§ 3, 4(a)(1), 7, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3094, 3260,
3272. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Tables. For disposition of former sections of
this title, see Disposition Table preceding section 100101
of Title 54.
The effective date of this subchapter, referred to in
subsec. (a), probably means the date of enactment of
Pub. L. 96–287, which was approved on June 28, 1980.
Act of October 18, 1968, referred to in subsec. (b), is
Pub. L. 90–606, Oct. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 1188, which was
classified to sections 450qq to 450qq–4 of this title, and
was omitted from the Code in view of the abolition of
the Biscayne National Monument and its incorporation
within the Biscayne National Park pursuant to subsec.
(b).
§ 410gg–3. Report as to suitability for designation
as wilderness area; compliance with proce-
dure for such designation
Within three complete fiscal years from the
effective date of this subchapter, the Secretary
shall review the area within the park and shall
report to the President and the Congress, in ac-
cordance with section 1132(c) and (d) of this
title, his recommendations as to the suitability
or nonsuitability of any area within the park for
designation as wilderness. Any designation of
any such areas as wilderness shall be accom-
plished in accordance with said section 11
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 410hh
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.
Original supplied file — preserved unchanged
Download original Markdown file
File SHA-256: 375497aafaf95d6b7c50e32991f543f2abb6caaf7ee808298b77e20577078bbb. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Open the recorded source website ↗
Record provenance
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:usc2024-3c6ddd756d9522ca699b9c41
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code-2024/title-16/section-410hh-establishment-of-new-areas--086f3623bd.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: 918dafda6726ece8eb9af8c25c4e9c4791cb6120d7a84a25d5aec29b45ac0c93
Source location: USCODE-2024-title16-chap1-subchapLIX-F-sec410hh.pdf
Stored source content
Page 304
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 410gg–3
Act, which enacted sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of this title
and provisions set out as a note under section 100101 of
Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs.
Sections 1 to 4 of the Act were repealed and restated as
section 1865(a) of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Proce-
dure, and section 100101(a), chapter 1003, and sections
100751(a), 100752, 100753, and 102101 of Title 54 by Pub. L.
113–287, §§ 3, 4(a)(1), 7, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3094, 3260,
3272. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Tables. For disposition of former sections of
this title, see Disposition Table preceding section 100101
of Title 54.
The effective date of this subchapter, referred to in
subsec. (a), probably means the date of enactment of
Pub. L. 96–287, which was approved on June 28, 1980.
Act of October 18, 1968, referred to in subsec. (b), is
Pub. L. 90–606, Oct. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 1188, which was
classified to sections 450qq to 450qq–4 of this title, and
was omitted from the Code in view of the abolition of
the Biscayne National Monument and its incorporation
within the Biscayne National Park pursuant to subsec.
(b).
§ 410gg–3. Report as to suitability for designation
as wilderness area; compliance with proce-
dure for such designation
Within three complete fiscal years from the
effective date of this subchapter, the Secretary
shall review the area within the park and shall
report to the President and the Congress, in ac-
cordance with section 1132(c) and (d) of this
title, his recommendations as to the suitability
or nonsuitability of any area within the park for
designation as wilderness. Any designation of
any such areas as wilderness shall be accom-
plished in accordance with said section 1132(c)
and (d).
(Pub. L. 96–287, title I, § 104, June 28, 1980, 94
Stat. 600.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The effective date of this subchapter, referred to in
text, probably means the date of enactment of Pub. L.
96–287, which was approved on June 28, 1980.
§ 410gg–4. Revised comprehensive general man-
agement plan; submission to Congressional
committees
Within two complete fiscal years from the ef-
fective date of this subchapter, the Secretary
shall submit to the Committee on Interior and
Insular Affairs of the United States House of
Representatives and the Committee on Energy
and Natural Resources of the United States Sen-
ate, a revised comprehensive general manage-
ment plan for the park consistent with the pro-
visions of this subchapter and pursuant to the
provisions of section 100502 of title 54.
(Pub. L. 96–287, title I, § 105, June 28, 1980, 94
Stat. 600.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The effective date of this subchapter, referred to in
text, probably means the date of enactment of Pub. L.
96–287, which was approved on June 28, 1980.
CODIFICATION
In text, ‘‘section 100502 of title 54’’ substituted for
‘‘section 12(b) of the Act of August 18, 1970 (84 Stat. 825),
as amended (16 U.S.C. 1a–1 et seq.)’’ on authority of
Pub. L. 113–287, § 6(e), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3272, which
Act enacted Title 54, National Park Service and Re-
lated Programs.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CHANGE OF NAME
Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs of the
House of Representatives changed to Committee on
Natural Resources of the House of Representatives on
Jan. 5, 1993, by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred
Third Congress.
§ 410gg–5. Authorization of appropriations; en-
trance or admission fees prohibition
In addition to the sums previously authorized
to be appropriated for Biscayne National Monu-
ment, there are authorized to be appropriated
such sums as may be necessary for the adminis-
tration of the park, and not to exceed $8,500,000
for the acquisition of lands and interests there-
in, as provided in this subchapter. Notwith-
standing any other provision of law, no fees
shall be charged for entrance or admission to
the park.
(Pub. L. 96–287, title I, § 106, June 28, 1980, 94
Stat. 600.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
AUTHORIZATIONS EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 1980; CONTRAC-
TUAL, OBLIGATORY, AND PAYMENT AUTHORITY PRO-
VIDED IN APPROPRIATIONS
Pub. L. 96–287, title IV, § 401, June 28, 1980, 94 Stat.
602, provided that: ‘‘Authorizations of moneys to be ap-
propriated under this Act [Pub. L. 96–287] shall be effec-
tive October 1, 1980. Notwithstanding any other provi-
sion of this Act, authority to enter into contracts to
incur obligations, or to make payments under this Act
shall be effective only to the extent, and in such
amounts, as are provided in advance in appropriation
Acts.’’
SUBCHAPTER LIX–F—ALASKAN NATIONAL
PARKS
§ 410hh. Establishment of new areas
The following areas are hereby established as
units of the National Park System and shall be
administered by the Secretary under the laws
governing the administration of such lands and
under the provisions of this Act:
(1) Aniakchak National Monument, con-
taining approximately one hundred and thir-
ty-eight thousand acres of public lands, and
Aniakchak National Preserve, containing ap-
proximately three hundred and seventy-six
thousand acres of public lands, as generally
depicted on map numbered ANIA–90,005, and
dated October 1978. The monument and pre-
serve shall be managed for the following pur-
poses, among others: To maintain the caldera
and its associated volcanic features and land-
scape, including the Aniakchak River and
other lakes and streams, in their natural
state; to study, interpret, and assure continu-
ation of the natural process of biological suc-
cession; to protect habitat for, and popu-
lations of, fish and wildlife, including, but not
limited to, brown/grizzly bears, moose, car-
ibou, sea lions, seals, and other marine mam-
Page 305
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 410hh
mals, geese, swans, and other waterfowl and in
a manner consistent with the foregoing, to in-
terpret geological and biological processes for
visitors. Subsistence uses by local residents
shall be permitted in the monument where
such uses are traditional in accordance with
the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of
this title.
(2) Bering Land Bridge National Preserve,
containing approximately two million four
hundred and fifty-seven thousand acres of pub-
lic land, as generally depicted on map num-
bered BELA–90,005, and dated October 1978.
The preserve shall be managed for the fol-
lowing purposes, among others: To protect and
interpret examples of arctic plant commu-
nities, volcanic lava flows, ash explosions,
coastal formations, and other geologic proc-
esses; to protect habitat for internationally
significant populations of migratory birds; to
provide for archeological and paleontological
study, in cooperation with Native Alaskans, of
the process of plant and animal migration, in-
cluding man, between North America and the
Asian Continent; to protect habitat for, and
populations of, fish and wildlife including, but
not limited to, marine mammals, brown/griz-
zly bears, moose, and wolves; subject to such
reasonable regulations as the Secretary may
prescribe, to continue reindeer grazing use, in-
cluding necessary facilities and equipment,
within the areas which on January 1, 1976,
were subject to reindeer grazing permits, in
accordance with sound range management
practices; to protect the viability of subsist-
ence resources; and in a manner consistent
with the foregoing, to provide for outdoor
recreation and environmental education ac-
tivities
including
public
access
for
rec-
reational purposes to the Serpentine Hot
Springs area. The Secretary shall permit the
continuation of customary patterns and modes
of travel during periods of adequate snow
cover within a one-hundred-foot right-of-way
along either side of an existing route from
Deering to the Taylor Highway, subject to
such reasonable regulations as the Secretary
may promulgate to assure that such travel is
consistent with the foregoing purposes.
(3) Cape Krusenstern National Monument,
containing approximately five hundred and
sixty thousand acres of public lands, as gen-
erally depicted on map numbered CAKR–90,007,
and dated October 1979. The monument shall
be managed for the following purposes, among
others: To protect and interpret a series of ar-
cheological sites depicting every known cul-
tural period in arctic Alaska; to provide for
scientific study of the process of human popu-
lation of the area from the Asian Continent; in
cooperation with Native Alaskans, to preserve
and interpret evidence of prehistoric and his-
toric Native cultures; to protect habitat for
seals and other marine mammals; to protect
habitat for and populations of, birds, and other
wildlife, and fish resources; and to protect the
viability of subsistence resources. Subsistence
uses by local residents shall be permitted in
the monument in accordance with the provi-
sions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this
title.
(4)(a) Gates of the Arctic National Park,
containing approximately seven million fifty-
two thousand acres of public lands, Gates of
the Arctic National Preserve, containing ap-
proximately nine hundred thousand acres of
Federal lands, as generally depicted on map
numbered GAAR–90,011, and dated July 1980.
The park and preserve shall be managed for
the following purposes, among others: To
maintain the wild and undeveloped character
of the area, including opportunities for visi-
tors to experience solitude, and the natural
environmental integrity and scenic beauty of
the mountains, forelands, rivers, lakes, and
other natural features; to provide continued
opportunities, including reasonable access, for
mountain
climbing,
mountaineering,
and
other wilderness recreational activities; and
to protect habitat for and the populations of,
fish and wildlife, including, but not limited to,
caribou, grizzly bears, Dall sheep, moose,
wolves, and raptorial birds. Subsistence uses
by local residents shall be permitted in the
park, where such uses are traditional, in ac-
cordance with the provisions of subchapter II
of chapter 51 of this title.
(b) Congress finds that there is a need for ac-
cess for surface transportation purposes across
the Western (Kobuk River) unit of the Gates of
the Arctic National Preserve (from the Ambler
Mining District to the Alaska Pipeline Haul
Road) and the Secretary shall permit such ac-
cess in accordance with the provisions of this
subsection.
(c) Upon the filing of an application pursu-
ant to section 3164(b) and (c) of this title for a
right-of-way across the Western (Kobuk River)
unit of the preserve, including the Kobuk Wild
and Scenic River, the Secretary shall give no-
tice in the Federal Register of a thirty-day pe-
riod for other applicants to apply for access.
(d) The Secretary and the Secretary of
Transportation shall jointly prepare an envi-
ronmental and economic analysis solely for
the purpose of determining the most desirable
route for the right-of-way and terms and con-
ditions which may be required for the issuance
of that right-of-way. This analysis shall be
completed within one year and the draft there-
of within nine months of the receipt of the ap-
plication and shall be prepared in lieu of an
environmental impact statement which would
otherwise be required under section 102(2)(C) of
the National Environmental Policy Act [42
U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)]. Such analysis shall be
deemed to satisfy all requirements of that Act
[42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.] and shall not be subject
to judicial review. Such environmental and
economic analysis shall be prepared in accord-
ance with the procedural requirements of sec-
tion 3164(e) of this title. The Secretaries in
preparing the analysis shall consider the fol-
lowing—
(i) Alternative routes including the consid-
eration of economically feasible and prudent
alternative routes across the preserve which
would result in fewer or less severe adverse
impacts upon the preserve.
(ii) The environmental and social and eco-
nomic impact of the right-of-way including
impact upon wildlife, fish, and their habitat,
Page 306
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 410hh
1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘subparagraph (A)’’.
and rural and traditional lifestyles including
subsistence activities, and measures which
should be instituted to avoid or minimize
negative impacts and enhance positive im-
pacts.
(e) Within 60 days of the completion of the
environmental and economic analysis, the
Secretaries shall jointly agree upon a route
for issuance of the right-of-way across the pre-
serve. Such right-of-way shall be issued in ac-
cordance with the provisions of section 3167 of
this title.
(5) Kenai Fjords National Park, containing
approximately five hundred and sixty-seven
thousand acres of public lands, as generally
depicted on map numbered KEFJ–90,007, and
dated October 1978. The park shall be managed
for the following purposes, among others: To
maintain unimpaired the scenic and environ-
mental integrity of the Harding Icefield, its
outflowing glaciers, and coastal fjords and is-
lands in their natural state; and to protect
seals, sea lions, other marine mammals, and
marine and other birds and to maintain their
hauling and breeding areas in their natural
state, free of human activity which is disrup-
tive to their natural processes. In a manner
consistent with the foregoing, the Secretary is
authorized to develop access to the Harding
Icefield and to allow use of mechanized equip-
ment on the icefield for recreation.
(6) Kobuk Valley National Park, containing
approximately one million seven hundred and
ten thousand acres of public lands as generally
depicted on map numbered KOVA–90,009, and
dated October 1979. The park shall be managed
for the following purposes, among others: To
maintain the environmental integrity of the
natural features of the Kobuk River Valley,
including the Kobuk, Salmon, and other riv-
ers, the boreal forest, and the Great Kobuk
Sand Dunes, in an undeveloped state; to pro-
tect and interpret, in cooperation with Native
Alaskans, archeological sites associated with
Native cultures; to protect migration routes
for the Arctic caribou herd; to protect habitat
for, and populations of, fish and wildlife in-
cluding but not limited to caribou, moose,
black and grizzly bears, wolves, and waterfowl;
and to protect the viability of subsistence re-
sources. Subsistence uses by local residents
shall be permitted in the park in accordance
with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter
51 of this title. Except at such times when, and
locations where, to do so would be incon-
sistent with the purposes of the park, the Sec-
retary shall permit aircraft to continue to
land at sites in the upper Salmon River water-
shed.
(7)(a) Lake Clark National Park, containing
approximately two million four hundred thir-
ty-nine thousand acres of public lands, and
Lake Clark National Preserve, containing ap-
proximately one million two hundred and
fourteen thousand acres of public lands, as
generally
depicted
on
map
numbered
LACL–90,008, and dated October 1978. The park
and preserve shall be managed for the fol-
lowing purposes, among others: To protect the
watershed necessary for perpetuation of the
red salmon fishery in Bristol Bay; to maintain
unimpaired the scenic beauty and quality of
portions of the Alaska Range and the Aleutian
Range, including active volcanoes, glaciers,
wild rivers, lakes, waterfalls, and alpine mead-
ows in their natural state; and to protect habi-
tat for and populations of fish and wildlife in-
cluding but not limited to caribou, Dall sheep,
brown/grizzly bears, bald eagles, and peregrine
falcons.
(b) No lands conveyed to the Nondalton Vil-
lage Corporation shall be considered to be
within the boundaries of the park or preserve;
if the corporation desires to convey any such
lands, the Secretary may acquire such lands
with the consent of the owner, and any such
lands so acquired shall become part of the
park or preserve, as appropriate. Subsistence
uses by local residents shall be permitted in
the park where such uses are traditional in ac-
cordance with the provisions of subchapter II
of chapter 51 of this title.
(8)(a) Noatak National Preserve, containing
approximately 6,477,168 acres of public lands,
as generally depicted on map numbered
NOAT–90,004, and dated July 1980 and the map
entitled
‘‘Noatak
National
Preserve
and
Noatak Wilderness Addition’’ dated September
1994. The preserve shall be managed for the
following purposes, among others: To main-
tain the environmental integrity of the
Noatak River and adjacent uplands within the
preserve in such a manner as to assure the
continuation of geological and biological proc-
esses unimpaired by adverse human activity;
to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish
and wildlife, including but not limited to car-
ibou, grizzly bears, Dall sheep, moose, wolves,
and for waterfowl, raptors, and other species
of birds; to protect archeological resources;
and in a manner consistent with the foregoing,
to provide opportunities for scientific re-
search. The Secretary may establish a board
consisting of scientists and other experts in
the field of arctic research in order to assist
him in the encouragement and administration
of research efforts within the preserve.
(b) All lands located east of centerline of the
main channel of the Noatak River which are—
(1) within
(A) any area withdrawn under the Alas-
ka Native Claims Settlement Act [43
U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] for selection by the vil-
lage of Noatak, and
(B) any village deficiency withdrawal
under section 11(a)(3)(A) of such Act [43
U.S.C. 1610(a)(3)(A)] which is adjacent to
the area described in subparagraph (i) 1 of
this paragraph,
(2) adjacent to public lands within a unit
of the National Park System as designated
under this Act, and
(3) not conveyed to such Village or other
Native Corporation before the final convey-
ance date, shall, on such final conveyance
date, be added to and included within, the
adjacent unit of the National Park System
(notwithstanding
the
applicable
acreage
specified in this paragraph) and managed in
Page 307
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 410hh
the manner provided in the foregoing provi-
sions of this paragraph. For purposes of the
preceding sentence the term ‘‘final convey-
ance date’’ means the date of the convey-
ance of lands under the Alaska Native
Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et
seq.], or by operation of this Act, to the Vil-
lage of Noatak, or to any other Native Cor-
poration which completes the entitlement of
such Village or other Corporation to convey-
ance of lands from the withdrawals referred
to in subparagraph (1).
(9) Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park, con-
taining approximately eight million one hun-
dred and forty-seven thousand acres of public
lands, and Wrangell-Saint Elias National Pre-
serve, containing approximately four million
one hundred and seventy-one thousand acres
of public lands, as generally depicted on map
numbered WRST–90,007, and dated August 1980.
The park and preserve shall be managed for
the following purposes, among others: To
maintain unimpaired the scenic beauty and
quality of high mountain peaks, foothills, gla-
cial systems, lakes, and streams, valleys, and
coastal landscapes in their natural state; to
protect habitat for, and populations of, fish
and wildlife including but not limited to car-
ibou, brown/grizzly bears, Dall sheep, moose,
wolves, trumpeter swans and other waterfowl,
and marine mammals; and to provide contin-
ued opportunities, including reasonable access
for mountain climbing, mountaineering, and
other wilderness recreational activities. Sub-
sistence uses by local residents shall be per-
mitted in the park, where such uses are tradi-
tional, in accordance with the provisions of
subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.
(10) Yukon-Charley Rivers National Pre-
serve, containing approximately one million
seven hundred and thirteen thousand acres of
public lands, as generally depicted on map
numbered YUCH–90,008, and dated October
1978. The preserve shall be managed for the
following purposes, among others: To main-
tain the environmental integrity of the entire
Charley River basin, including streams, lakes
and other natural features, in its undeveloped
natural condition for public benefit and sci-
entific study; to protect habitat for, and popu-
lations of, fish and wildlife, including but not
limited to the peregrine falcons and other
raptorial birds, caribou, moose, Dall sheep,
grizzly bears, and wolves; and in a manner
consistent with the foregoing, to protect and
interpret historical sites and events associated
with the gold rush on the Yukon River and the
geological and paleontological history and cul-
tural prehistory of the area. Except at such
times when and locations where to do so would
be inconsistent with the purposes of the pre-
serve, the Secretary shall permit aircraft to
continue to land at sites in the Upper Charley
River watershed.
(Pub. L. 96–487, title II, § 201, Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat.
2377; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title III, § 302(c)(2),
Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4119.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This Act, referred to in provision preceding par. (1)
and par. (8)(b)(2), (3), is Pub. L. 96–487, Dec. 2, 1980, 94
Stat. 2371, known as the Alaska National Interest
Lands Conservation Act. For complete classification of
this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under
section 3101 of this title and Tables.
That Act, referred to in par. (4)(d), meaning the Na-
tional Environmental Policy Act of 1969, is Pub. L.
91–190, Jan. 1, 1970, 83 Stat. 852, which is classified gen-
erally to chapter 55 (§ 4321 et seq.) of Title 42, The Pub-
lic Health and Welfare. For complete classification of
this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under
section 4321 of Title 42 and Tables.
The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred
to in par. (8)(b)(1)(A), (3), is Pub. L. 92–203, Dec. 18, 1971,
85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33
(§ 1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title
note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1996—Par. (8)(a). Pub. L. 104–333 substituted ‘‘approxi-
mately 6,477,168 acres’’ for ‘‘approximately six million
four hundred and sixty thousand acres’’ and inserted
‘‘and the map entitled ‘Noatak National Preserve and
Noatak Wilderness Addition’ dated September 1994’’
after ‘‘July 1980’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
ANAKTUVUK PASS LAND EXCHANGE
Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title III, § 302, Nov. 12, 1996, 110
Stat. 4117, provided that:
‘‘(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following
findings:
‘‘(1) The Alaska National Interest Lands Conserva-
tion Act (94 Stat. 2371 [Pub. L. 96–487, see Short Title
note set out under section 3101 of this title]), enacted
on December 2, 1980, established Gates of the Arctic
National Park and Preserve and Gates of the Arctic
Wilderness. The Village of Anaktuvuk Pass, located
in the highlands of the central Brooks Range is vir-
tually surrounded by these national park and wilder-
ness lands and is the only Native village located
within the boundary of a National Park System unit
in Alaska.
‘‘(2) Unlike most other Alaskan Native commu-
nities, the village [sic] of Anaktuvuk Pass is not lo-
cated on a major river, lake, or coastline that can be
used as a means of access. The residents of
Anaktuvuk pass [sic] have relied increasingly on
snow machines in winter and all-terrain vehicles in
summer as their primary means of access to pursue
caribou and other subsistence resources.
‘‘(3) In a 1983 land exchange agreement, linear ease-
ments were reserved by the Inupiat Eskimo people for
use of all-terrain vehicles across certain national
park lands, mostly along stream and river banks.
These linear easements proved unsatisfactory, be-
cause they provided inadequate access to subsistence
resources while causing excessive environmental im-
pact from concentrated use.
‘‘(4) The National Park Service and the Nunamiut
Corporation initiated discussions in 1985 to address
concerns over the use of all-terrain vehicles on park
and wilderness land. These discussions resulted in an
agreement, originally executed in 1992 and thereafter
amended in 1993 and 1994, among the National Park
Service,
Nunamiut
Corporation,
the
City
of
Anaktuvuk Pass, and Arctic Slope Regional Corpora-
tion. Full effectuation of this agreement, as amend-
ed, by its terms requires ratification by the Congress.
‘‘(b) RATIFICATION OF AGREEMENT.—
‘‘(1) RATIFICATION.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The terms, conditions, proce-
dures, covenants, reservations, and other provisions
Page 308
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 410hh–1
set forth in the document entitled ‘Donation, Ex-
change of Lands and Interests in Lands and Wilder-
ness Redesignation Agreement Among Arctic Slope
Regional Corporation, Nunamiut Corporation, City
of Anaktuvuk Pass and the United States of Amer-
ica’ (hereinafter referred to in this section as ‘the
Agreement’), executed by the parties on December
17, 1992, as amended, are hereby incorporated in this
title [see Tables for classification], are ratified and
confirmed, and set forth the obligations and com-
mitments of the United States, Arctic Slope Re-
gional Corporation, Nunamiut Corporation and the
City of Anaktuvuk Pass, as a matter of Federal
law.
‘‘(B) LAND
ACQUISITION.—Lands acquired by the
United States pursuant to the Agreement shall be
administered by the Secretary of the Interior (here-
inafter referred to as the ‘Secretary’) as part of
Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve,
subject to the laws and regulations applicable
thereto.
‘‘(2) MAPS.—The maps set forth as Exhibits C1, C2,
and D through I to the Agreement depict the lands
subject to the conveyances, retention of surface ac-
cess rights, access easements and all-terrain vehicle
easements. These lands are depicted in greater detail
on a map entitled ‘Land Exchange Actions, Proposed
Anaktuvuk Pass Land Exchange and Wilderness Re-
designation, Gates of the Arctic National Park and
Preserve’, Map No. 185/80,039, dated April 1994, and on
file at the Alaska Regional Office of the National
Park Service and the offices of Gates of the Arctic
National Park and Preserve in Fairbanks, Alaska.
Written legal descriptions of these lands shall be pre-
pared and made available in the above offices. In case
of any discrepancies, Map No. 185/80,039 shall be con-
trolling.
‘‘(c) NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM WILDERNESS.—
‘‘(1) GATES
OF
THE
ARTIC
WILDERNESS.—[Amended
provisions listed in a Table of Wilderness Areas set
out under section 1132 of this title.]
‘‘(2) NOATAK
NATIONAL
PRESERVE.—[Amended this
section.]
‘‘(3) NOATAK
WILDERNESS.—[Amended provisions
listed in a Table of Wilderness Areas set out under
section 1132 of this title.]
‘‘(d) CONFORMANCE WITH OTHER LAW.—
‘‘(1) ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETTLEMENT ACT.—All of
the lands, or interests therein, conveyed to and re-
ceived by Arctic Slope Regional Corporation or
Nunamiut Corporation pursuant to the Agreement
shall be deemed conveyed and received pursuant to
exchanges under section 22(f) of the Alaska Native
Claims Settlement Act, as amended (43 U.S.C. 1601,
1621(f)). All of the lands or interests in lands conveyed
pursuant to the Agreement shall be conveyed subject
to valid existing rights.
‘‘(2) ALASKA NATIONAL INTEREST LANDS CONSERVA-
TION ACT.—Except to the extent specifically set forth
in this section or the Agreement, nothing in this sec-
tion or in the Agreement shall be construed to en-
large or diminish the rights, privileges, or obligations
of any person, including specifically the preference
for subsistence uses and access to subsistence re-
sources provided under the Alaska National Interest
Lands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.).’’
§ 410hh–1. Additions to existing areas
The following units of the National Park Sys-
tem are hereby expanded:
(1) Glacier Bay National Monument, by the
addition of an area containing approximately
five hundred and twenty-three thousand acres
of Federal Land. Approximately fifty-seven
thousand acres of additional public land is
hereby established as Glacier Bay National
Preserve, both as generally depicted on map
numbered GLBA–90,004, and dated October
1978; furthermore, the monument is hereby re-
designated as ‘‘Glacier Bay National Park’’.
The monument addition and preserve shall be
managed for the following purposes, among
others: To protect a segment of the Alsek
River, fish and wildlife habitats and migration
routes, and a portion of the Fairweather
Range including the northwest slope of Mount
Fairweather. Lands, waters, and interests
therein within the boundary of the park and
preserve which were within the boundary of
any national forest are hereby excluded from
such national forest and the boundary of such
national forest is hereby revised accordingly.
(2) Katmai National Monument, by the addi-
tion of an area containing approximately one
million and thirty-seven thousand acres of
public land. Approximately three hundred and
eight thousand acres of additional public land
is hereby established as Katmai National Pre-
serve, both as generally depicted on map num-
bered 90,007, and dated July 1980; furthermore,
the monument is hereby redesignated as
‘‘Katmai National Park’’. The monument ad-
dition and preserve shall be managed for the
following purposes, among others: To protect
habitats for, and populations of, fish and wild-
life including, but not limited to, high con-
centrations of brown/grizzly bears and their
denning areas; to maintain unimpaired the
water habitat for significant salmon popu-
lations; and to protect scenic, geological, cul-
tural and recreational features.
(3)(a) Mount McKinley National Park, by the
addition of an area containing approximately
two million four hundred and twenty-six thou-
sand acres of public land, and approximately
one million three hundred and thirty thousand
acres of additional public land is hereby estab-
lished as Denali National Preserve, both as
generally
depicted
on
map
numbered
DENA–90,007, and dated July 1980 and the
whole is hereby redesignated as Denali Na-
tional Park and Preserve. The park additions
and preserve shall be managed for the fol-
lowing purposes, among others: To protect and
interpret the entire mountain massif, and ad-
ditional scenic mountain peaks and forma-
tions; and to protect habitat for, and popu-
lations of fish and wildlife including, but not
limited to, brown/grizzly bears, moose, car-
ibou, Dall sheep, wolves, swans and other wa-
terfowl; and to provide continued opportuni-
ties, including reasonable access, for mountain
climbing, mountaineering and other wilder-
ness recreational activities. Subsistence uses
by local residents shall be permitted in the ad-
ditions to the park where such uses are tradi-
tional in accordance with the provisions in
subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.
(b) The Alaska Land Use Council shall, in
cooperation with the Secretary, conduct a
study of the Kantishna Hills and Dunkle Mine
areas of the park as generally depicted on a
map entitled ‘‘Kantishna Hills/Dunkle Mine
Study Area’’ dated October 1979, and report
thereon to the Congress not later than three
years from December 2, 1980. The study and re-
port shall evaluate the resources of the area,
including but not limited to, fish and wildlife,
public recreation opportunities, wilderness po-
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, act June 28, 1938, ch. 778, § 1, 52 Stat. 1213, related to residence of United States Commissioners [now magistrate judges].
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1a
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 16 U.S.C. § 1a. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 29
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 1a–1
Sec.
SUBCHAPTER CXXXIV—RED CLIFFS NATIONAL
CONSERVATION AREA
460www.
Red Cliffs National Conservation Area.
SUBCHAPTER CXXXV—BEAVER DAM WASH
NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA
460xxx.
Beaver Dam Wash National Conservation
Area.
SUBCHAPTER CXXXVI—FORT STANTON-SNOWY
RIVER CAVE NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA
460yyy.
Definitions.
460yyy–1.
Establishment of the Fort Stanton-
Snowy River Cave National Conserva-
tion Area.
460yyy–2.
Management of the Conservation Area.
460yyy–3.
Authorization of appropriations.
SUBCHAPTER CXXXVII—DOMINGUEZ-ESCALANTE
NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA
460zzz.
Definitions.
460zzz–1.
Dominguez-Escalante
National
Con-
servation Area.
460zzz–2.
Dominguez Canyon Wilderness Area.
460zzz–3.
Maps and legal descriptions.
460zzz–4.
Management of Conservation Area and
Wilderness.
460zzz–5.
Management plan.
460zzz–6.
Advisory Council.
460zzz–7.
Authorization of appropriations.
SUBCHAPTER CXXXVIII—NELLIS DUNES OFF-
HIGHWAY VEHICLE RECREATION AREA
460aaaa.
Nellis Dunes Off-Highway Vehicle Recre-
ation Area.
SUBCHAPTER CXXXIX—ASHLEY KARST
NATIONAL RECREATION AND GEOLOGIC AREA
460bbbb.
Ashley Karst National Recreation and
Geologic Area.
SUBCHAPTER CXL—JOHN WESLEY POWELL
NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA
460cccc.
John Wesley Powell National Conserva-
tion Area.
SUBCHAPTER CXLI—SAN RAFAEL SWELL
RECREATION AREA
460dddd.
Establishment of Recreation Area.
460dddd–1.
Management of Recreation Area.
460dddd–2.
San Rafael Swell Recreation Area Advi-
sory Council.
SUBCHAPTER CXLII—VINAGRE WASH SPECIAL
MANAGEMENT AREA
460eeee.
Vinagre Wash Special Management Area.
SUBCHAPTER CXLIII—ALABAMA HILLS
NATIONAL SCENIC AREA
460ffff.
Definitions.
460ffff–1.
Alabama Hills National Scenic Area,
Califor
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 1a
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 16 U.S.C. § 1a. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of units** In order to preserve for the benefit, use, education, and inspiration of present and future generations certain lands and waters in the State of Alaska that contain nationally significant natural, scenic, historic, archeological, geological, scientific, wilderness, cultural, recreational, and wildlife values, the units described in the following titles are hereby established.
**(b) Preservation and protection of scenic, geological, etc., values** It is the intent of Congress in this Act to preserve unrivaled scenic and geological values associated with natural landscapes; to provide for the maintenance of sound populations of, and habitat for, wildlife species of inestimable value to the citizens of Alaska and the Nation, including those species dependent on vast relatively undeveloped areas; to preserve in their natural state extensive unaltered arctic tundra, boreal forest, and coastal rainforest ecosystems; to protect the resources related to subsistence needs; to protect and preserve historic and archeological sites, rivers, and lands, and to preserve wilderness resource values and related recreational opportunities including but not limited to hiking, canoeing, fishing, and sport hunting, within large arctic and subarctic wildlands and on freeflowing rivers; and to maintain opportunities for scientific research and undisturbed ecosystems.
**(c) Subsistence way of life for rural residents** It is further the intent and purpose of this Act consistent with management of fish and wildlife in accordance with recognized scientific principles and the purposes for which each conservation system unit is established, designated, or expanded by or pursuant to this Act, to provide the opportunity for rural residents engaged in a subsistence way
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3101
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 16 U.S.C. § 3101. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2231
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 3101
Sec.
3214.
Alaska gas pipeline.
3215.
Public land entries in Alaska.
SUBCHAPTER VII—NATIONAL NEED MINERAL
ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATION PROCESS
3231.
Areas subject to national need recommenda-
tion process.
3232.
Recommendations of President to Congress.
3233.
Expedited Congressional review.
Executive Documents
EX. ORD. NO. 13580. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ON CO-
ORDINATION OF DOMESTIC ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND
PERMITTING IN ALASKA
Ex. Ord. No. 13580, July 12, 2011, 76 F.R. 41989, pro-
vided:
By the authority vested in me as President by the
Constitution and the laws of the United States of
America, and in order to establish an interagency
working group to coordinate the efforts of Federal
agencies responsible for overseeing the safe and respon-
sible development of onshore and offshore energy re-
sources and associated infrastructure in Alaska and to
help reduce our dependence on foreign oil, it is hereby
ordered as follows:
SECTION 1. Policy. Interagency coordination is impor-
tant for the safe, responsible, and efficient development
of oil and natural gas resources in Alaska, both onshore
and on the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), while
protecting human health and the environment, as well
as indigenous populations. A number of executive de-
partments and agencies (agencies) are charged with en-
suring that resource development projects in Alaska
comply with health, safety, and environmental protec-
tion standards. To formalize and promote ongoing
interagency coordination, this order establishes a high-
level, interagency working group that will facilitate
coordinated and efficient domestic energy development
and permitting in Alaska while ensuring that all appli-
cable standards are fully met.
SEC. 2
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 3101
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 16 U.S.C. § 3101. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The following areas are hereby established as units of the National Park System and shall be administered by the Secretary under the laws governing the administration of such lands and under the provisions of this Act:
(1) Aniakchak National Monument, containing approximately one hundred and thirty-eight thousand acres of public lands, and Aniakchak National Preserve, containing approximately three hundred and seventy-six thousand acres of public lands, as generally depicted on map numbered ANIA–90,005, and dated October 1978. The monument and preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To maintain the caldera and its associated volcanic features and landscape, including the Aniakchak River and other lakes and streams, in their natural state; to study, interpret, and assure continuation of the natural process of biological succession; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife, including, but not limited to, brown/grizzly bears, moose, caribou, sea lions, seals, and other marine mammals, geese, swans, and other waterfowl and in a manner consistent with the foregoing, to interpret geological and biological processes for visitors. Subsistence uses by local residents shall be permitted in the monument where such uses are traditional in accordance with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 51 of this title.
(2) Bering Land Bridge National Preserve, containing approximately two million four hundred and fifty-seven thousand acres of public land, as generally depicted on map numbered BELA–90,005, and dated October 1978. The preserve shall be managed for the following purposes, among others: To protect and interpret examples of arctic plant communities, volcanic lava flows, ash explosions, coastal formations, and other geologic
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 410hh
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 114–94, div. D, title XLI, § 41013, Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1761, provided that this subchapter shall terminate 7 years after Dec. 4, 2015.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4321
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 4321. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 6095
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 4321
Sec.
4368a.
Utilization of talents of older Americans in
projects of pollution prevention, abate-
ment, and control.
4368b.
General assistance program.
4369.
Miscellaneous reports.
4369a.
Reports on environmental research and devel-
opment activities of Agency.
4370.
Reimbursement for use of facilities.
4370a.
Assistant Administrators of Environmental
Protection Agency; appointment; duties.
4370b.
Availability of fees and charges to carry out
Agency programs.
4370c.
Environmental Protection Agency fees.
4370d.
Percentage of Federal funding for organiza-
tions owned by socially and economically
disadvantaged individuals.
4370e.
Working capital fund in Treasury.
4370f.
Availability of funds after expiration of pe-
riod for liquidating obligations.
4370g.
Availability of funds for uniforms and certain
services.
4370h.
Availability of funds for facilities.
4370i.
Regional liaisons for minority, tribal, and
low-income communities.
4370j.
Municipal Ombudsman.
SUBCHAPTER IV—FEDERAL PERMITTING
IMPROVEMENT
4370m.
Definitions.
4370m–1. Federal Permitting Improvement Steering
Council.
4370m–2. Permitting process improvement.
4370m–3. Interstate compacts.
4370m–4. Coordination of required reviews.
4370m–5. Delegated State permitting programs.
4370m–6. Litigation, judicial review, and savings provi-
sion.
4370m–7. Reports.
4370m–8. Funding for governance, oversight, and proc-
essing of environmental reviews and per-
mits.
4370m–9. Application.
4370m–10. GAO report.
4370m–11. Savings provision.
4370m–12. Repealed.
§ 4321. Congressional declaration of purpose
The purposes of this chapter are: To declare a
national policy which will encourage productive
and enjoyable harmony
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 4321
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 4321. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress, recognizing the profound impact of man’s activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment, particularly the profound influences of population growth, high-density urbanization, industrial expansion, resource exploitation, and new and expanding technological advances and recognizing further the critical importance of restoring and maintaining environmental quality to the overall welfare and development of man, declares that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all practicable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive harmony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans.
**(b)** In order to carry out the policy set forth in this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means, consistent with other essential considerations of national policy, to improve and coordinate Federal plans, functions, programs, and resources to the end that the Nation may—
(1) fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding generations;
(2) assure for all Americans safe, healthful, productive, and esthetically and culturally pleasing surroundings;
(3) attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences;
(4) preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritag
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4332
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 4332. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 6139
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 4332
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create
any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforce-
able at law or in equity by any party against the
United States, its departments, agencies, or entities,
its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
J.R. BIDEN, JR.
SUBCHAPTER I—POLICIES AND GOALS
§ 4331. Congressional declaration of national en-
vironmental policy
(a) The Congress, recognizing the profound im-
pact of man’s activity on the interrelations of
all components of the natural environment, par-
ticularly the profound influences of population
growth, high-density urbanization, industrial
expansion, resource exploitation, and new and
expanding technological advances and recog-
nizing further the critical importance of restor-
ing and maintaining environmental quality to
the overall welfare and development of man, de-
clares that it is the continuing policy of the
Federal Government, in cooperation with State
and local governments, and other concerned
public and private organizations, to use all prac-
ticable means and measures, including financial
and technical assistance, in a manner calculated
to foster and promote the general welfare, to
create and maintain conditions under which
man and nature can exist in productive har-
mony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other
requirements of present and future generations
of Americans.
(b) In order to carry out the policy set forth in
this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility
of the Federal Government to use all practicable
means, consistent with other essential consider-
ations of national policy, to improve and coordi-
nate Federal plans, functions, programs, and re-
sources to the end that the Nati
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 4332
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 4332. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Congress finds and declares that—
**(a)** there is an immediate need for a fair and just settlement of all claims by Natives and Native groups of Alaska, based on aboriginal land claims;
**(b)** the settlement should be accomplished rapidly, with certainty, in conformity with the real economic and social needs of Natives, without litigation, with maximum participation by Natives in decisions affecting their rights and property, without establishing any permanent racially defined institutions, rights, privileges, or obligations, without creating a reservation system or lengthy wardship or trusteeship, and without adding to the categories of property and institutions enjoying special tax privileges or to the legislation establishing special relationships between the United States Government and the State of Alaska;
**(c)** no provision of this chapter shall replace or diminish any right, privilege, or obligation of Natives as citizens of the United States or of Alaska, or relieve, replace, or diminish any obligation of the United States or of the State or 11 So in original. Probably should be “of”. Alaska to protect and promote the rights or welfare of Natives as citizens of the United States or of Alaska; the Secretary is authorized and directed, together with other appropriate agencies of the United States Government, to make a study of all Federal programs primarily designed to benefit Native people and to report back to the Congress with his recommendations for the future management and operation of these programs within three years of December 18, 1971;
**(d)** no provision of this chapter shall constitute a precedent for reopening, renegotiating, or legislating upon any past settlement involving land claims or other matters with any Native organizations, or any
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 43 U.S.C. § 1601
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 43 U.S.C. § 1601. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.