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16 U.S.C. § 3101 — Congressional statement of purpose
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of units** In order to preserve for the benefit, use, education, and inspiration of present and future generations certain lands and waters in the State of Alaska that contain nationally significant natural, scenic, historic, archeological, geological, scientific, wilderness, cultural, recreational, and wildlife values, the units described in the following titles are hereby established.
**(b) Preservation and protection of scenic, geological, etc., values** It is the intent of Congress in this Act to preserve unrivaled scenic and geological values associated with natural landscapes; to provide for the maintenance of sound populations of, and habitat for, wildlife species of inestimable value to the citizens of Alaska and the Nation, including those species dependent on vast relatively undeveloped areas; to preserve in their natural state extensive unaltered arctic tundra, boreal forest, and coastal rainforest ecosystems; to protect the resources related to subsistence needs; to protect and preserve historic and archeological sites, rivers, and lands, and to preserve wilderness resource values and related recreational opportunities including but not limited to hiking, canoeing, fishing, and sport hunting, within large arctic and subarctic wildlands and on freeflowing rivers; and to maintain opportunities for scientific research and undisturbed ecosystems.
**(c) Subsistence way of life for rural residents** It is further the intent and purpose of this Act consistent with management of fish and wildlife in accordance with recognized scientific principles and the purposes for which each conservation system unit is established, designated, or expanded by or pursuant to this Act, to provide the opportunity for rural residents engaged in a subsistence way
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_4f10f6df8ac4ab78e4a4a6cf
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-16/section-3101-congressional-statement-of-purpose--48e75243d4.md
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 51, § 3101; chapter-051-alaska-national-interest-lands-conservation.md
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**(a) Establishment of units** In order to preserve for the benefit, use, education, and inspiration of present and future generations certain lands and waters in the State of Alaska that contain nationally significant natural, scenic, historic, archeological, geological, scientific, wilderness, cultural, recreational, and wildlife values, the units described in the following titles are hereby established.
**(b) Preservation and protection of scenic, geological, etc., values** It is the intent of Congress in this Act to preserve unrivaled scenic and geological values associated with natural landscapes; to provide for the maintenance of sound populations of, and habitat for, wildlife species of inestimable value to the citizens of Alaska and the Nation, including those species dependent on vast relatively undeveloped areas; to preserve in their natural state extensive unaltered arctic tundra, boreal forest, and coastal rainforest ecosystems; to protect the resources related to subsistence needs; to protect and preserve historic and archeological sites, rivers, and lands, and to preserve wilderness resource values and related recreational opportunities including but not limited to hiking, canoeing, fishing, and sport hunting, within large arctic and subarctic wildlands and on freeflowing rivers; and to maintain opportunities for scientific research and undisturbed ecosystems.
**(c) Subsistence way of life for rural residents** It is further the intent and purpose of this Act consistent with management of fish and wildlife in accordance with recognized scientific principles and the purposes for which each conservation system unit is established, designated, or expanded by or pursuant to this Act, to provide the opportunity for rural residents engaged in a subsistence way of life to continue to do so.
**(d) Need for future legislation obviated** This Act provides sufficient protection for the national interest in the scenic, natural, cultural and environmental values on the public lands in Alaska, and at the same time provides adequate opportunity for satisfaction of the economic and social needs of the State of Alaska and its people; accordingly, the designation and disposition of the public lands in Alaska pursuant to this Act are found to represent a proper balance between the reservation of national conservation system units and those public lands necessary and appropriate for more intensive use and disposition, and thus Congress believes that the need for future legislation designating new conservation system units, new national conservation areas, or new national recreation areas, has been obviated thereby.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Exclusive jurisdiction** Except for review by the Supreme Court on writ of certiorari, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit shall have original and exclusive jurisdiction to determine—
(1) the validity of any final order or action (including a failure to act) of any Federal agency or officer under this chapter;
(2) the constitutionality of any provision of this chapter, or any decision made or action taken under this chapter; or
(3) the validity of any determination, permit, approval, authorization, review, or other related action taken under any provision of law relating to a gas transportation project constructed and operated in accordance with [section 720a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section720a&num=0&edition=prelim), including—
(A) subchapter II of chapter 5, and chapter 7, of title 5 (commonly known as the “Administrative Procedure Act”);
(B) the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ([16 U.S.C. 1531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1531&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.);
(C) the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ([42 U.S.C. 4321](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4321&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.);
(D) chapter 2003 of title 54; 11 So in original. Probably should be “division A of subtitle III of title 54;”. and
(E) the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act ([16 U.S.C. 3101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.).
**(b) Deadline for filing claim** A claim arising under this chapter may be brought not later than 60 days after the date of the decision or action giving rise to the claim.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 720e
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization; conditions** The Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Agriculture as the case may be, may grant easements and rights-of-way upon, over, under, across, or along any component of the national trails system in accordance with the laws applicable to the national park system and the national forest system, respectively: Provided, That any conditions contained in such easements and rights-of-way shall be related to the policy and purposes of this chapter.
**(b) Cooperation of Federal agencies with Secretary of the Interior and Secretary of Agriculture** The Department of Defense, the Department of Transportation, the Surface Transportation Board, the Federal Communications Commission, the Secretary of Energy, and other Federal agencies having jurisdiction or control over or information concerning the use, abandonment, or disposition of roadways, utility rights-of-way, or other properties which may be suitable for the purpose of improving or expanding the national trails system shall cooperate with the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture in order to assure, to the extent practicable, that any such properties having values suitable for trail purposes may be made available for such use.
**(c) Abandoned railroad grants; retention of rights** Commencing October 4, 1988, any and all right, title, interest, and estate of the United States in all rights-of-way of the type described in [section 912 of title 43](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title43-section912&num=0&edition=prelim), shall remain in the United States upon the abandonment or forfeiture of such rights-of-way, or portions thereof, except to the extent that any such right-of-way, or portion thereof, is embraced within a public highway no l
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1248
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Notwithstanding any other provision to the contrary in sections 1274 and 1280 of this title, with respect to components of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System in Alaska designated by paragraphs (38) through (50) of [section 1274(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1274/a&num=0&edition=prelim) —
(1) the boundary of each such river shall include an average of not more than six hundred and forty acres per mile on both sides of the river. Such boundary shall not include any lands owned by the State or a political subdivision of the State nor shall such boundary extend around any private lands adjoining the river in such manner as to surround or effectively surround such private lands; and
(2) the withdrawal made by paragraph (iii) of [section 1280(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1280/a&num=0&edition=prelim) shall apply to the minerals in Federal lands which constitute the bed or bank or are situated within one-half mile of the bank of any river designated a wild river by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1285b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this Act (except that in titles IX and XIV the following terms shall have the same meaning as they have in the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [[43 U.S.C. 1601](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title43-section1601&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and the Alaska Statehood Act)—
(1) The term “land” means lands, waters, and interests therein.
(2) The term “Federal land” means lands the title to which is in the United States after December 2, 1980.
(3) The term “public lands” means land situated in Alaska which, after December 2, 1980, are Federal lands, except—
(A) land selections of the State of Alaska which have been tentatively approved or validly selected under the Alaska Statehood Act and lands which have been confirmed to, validly selected by, or granted to the Territory of Alaska or the State under any other provision of Federal law;
(B) land selections of a Native Corporation made under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [[43 U.S.C. 1601](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title43-section1601&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] which have not been conveyed to a Native Corporation, unless any such selection is determined to be invalid or is relinquished; and
(C) lands referred to in section 19(b) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [[43 U.S.C. 1618(b)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title43-section1618/b&num=0&edition=prelim)].
(4) The term “conservation system unit” means any unit in Alaska of the National Park System, National Wildlife Refuge System, National Wild and Scenic Rivers Systems, National Trails System, National Wilderness Preservation System, or a National Forest Monument including existing units, units established, designated, or expan
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Filing and availability for inspection; discrepancies; coastal areas** The boundary maps described in this Act shall be on file and available for public inspection in the office of the Secretary or the Secretary of Agriculture with regard to the National Forest System. In the event of discrepancies between the acreages specified in this Act and those depicted on such maps, the maps shall be controlling, but the boundaries of areas added to the National Park, Wildlife Refuge and National Forest Systems shall, in coastal areas not extend seaward beyond the mean high tide line to include lands owned by the State of Alaska unless the State shall have concurred in such boundary extension and such extension is accomplished under the notice and reporting requirements of this Act.
**(b) Changes in land management status; publication in Federal Register; filing; clerical errors; boundary features and adjustments** As soon as practicable after December 2, 1980, a map and legal description of each change in land management status effected by this Act, including the National Wilderness Preservation System, shall be published in the Federal Register and filed with the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate, and each such description shall have the same force and effect as if included in this Act: Provided, however, That correction of clerical and typographical errors in each such legal description and map may be made. Each such map and legal description shall be on file and available for public inspection in the office of the Secretary. Whenever possible boundaries shall follow hydrographic divides or embrace other topographic or natural features. Following reasonable notice in writing to the Congress of his intention to do so the Secretary an
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3103
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is hereby declared to be the policy of Congress that—
(1) consistent with sound management principles, and the conservation of healthy populations of fish and wildlife, the utilization of the public lands in Alaska is to cause the least adverse impact possible on rural residents who depend upon subsistence uses of the resources of such lands; consistent with management of fish and wildlife in accordance with recognized scientific principles and the purposes for each unit established, designated, or expanded by or pursuant to titles II through VII of this Act, the purpose of this subchapter is to provide the opportunity for rural residents engaged in a subsistence way of life to do so;
(2) nonwasteful subsistence uses of fish and wildlife and other renewable resources shall be the priority consumptive uses of all such resources on the public lands of Alaska when it is necessary to restrict taking in order to assure the continued viability of a fish or wildlife population or the continuation of subsistence uses of such population, the taking of such population for nonwasteful subsistence uses shall be given preference on the public lands over other consumptive uses; and
(3) except as otherwise provided by this Act or other Federal laws, Federal land managing agencies, in managing subsistence activities on the public lands and in protecting the continued viability of all wild renewable resources in Alaska, shall cooperate with adjacent landowners and land managers, including Native Corporations, appropriate State and Federal agencies, and other nations.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3112
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this Act, the term “subsistence uses” means the customary and traditional uses by rural Alaska residents of wild, renewable resources for direct personal or family consumption as food, shelter, fuel, clothing, tools, or transportation; for the making and selling of handicraft articles out of nonedible byproducts of fish and wildlife resources taken for personal or family consumption; for barter, or sharing for personal or family consumption; and for customary trade. For the purposes of this section, the term—
(1) “family” means all persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption, or any person living within the household on a permanent basis; and
(2) “barter” means the exchange of fish or wildlife or their parts, taken for subsistence uses—
(A) for other fish or game or their parts; or
(B) for other food or for nonedible items other than money if the exchange is of a limited and noncommercial nature.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3113
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Except as otherwise provided in this Act and other Federal laws, the taking on public lands of fish and wildlife for nonwasteful subsistence uses shall be accorded priority over the taking on such lands of fish and wildlife for other purposes. Whenever it is necessary to restrict the taking of populations of fish and wildlife on such lands for subsistence uses in order to protect the continued viability of such populations, or to continue such uses, such priority shall be implemented through appropriate limitations based on the application of the following criteria:
(1) customary and direct dependence upon the populations as the mainstay of livelihood;
(2) local residency; and
(3) the availability of alternative resources.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3114
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Appointment of members; development of subsistence hunting program; annual review of program** Within one year from December 2, 1980, the Secretary and the Governor shall each appoint three members to a subsistence resources commission for each national park or park monument within which subsistence uses are permitted by this Act. The regional advisory council established pursuant to [section 3115 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3115&num=0&edition=prelim) which has jurisdiction within the area in which the park or park monument is located shall appoint three members to the commission each of whom is a member of either the regional advisory council or a local advisory committee within the region and also engages in subsistence uses within the park or park monument. Within eighteen months from December 2, 1980, each commission shall devise and recommend to the Secretary and the Governor a program for subsistence hunting within the park or park monument. Such program shall be prepared using technical information and other pertinent data assembled or produced by necessary field studies or investigations conducted jointly or separately by the technical and administrative personnel of the State and the Department of the Interior, information submitted by, and after consultation with the appropriate local advisory committees and regional advisory councils, and any testimony received in a public hearing or hearings held by the commission prior to preparation of the plan at a convenient location or locations in the vicinity of the park or park monument. Each year thereafter, the commission, after consultation with the appropriate local committees and regional councils, considering all relevant data and holding one
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3118
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Factors considered; requirements** In determining whether to withdraw, reserve, lease, or otherwise permit the use, occupancy, or disposition of public lands under any provision of law authorizing such actions, the head of the Federal agency having primary jurisdiction over such lands or his designee shall evaluate the effect of such use, occupancy, or disposition on subsistence uses and needs, the availability of other lands for the purposes sought to be achieved, and other alternatives which would reduce or eliminate the use, occupancy, or disposition of public lands needed for subsistence purposes. No such withdrawal, reservation, lease, permit, or other use, occupancy or disposition of such lands which would significantly restrict subsistence uses shall be effected until the head of such Federal agency—
(1) gives notice to the appropriate State agency and the appropriate local committees and regional councils established pursuant to [section 3115 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section3115&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) gives notice of, and holds, a hearing in the vicinity of the area involved; and
(3) determines that (A) such a significant restriction of subsistence uses is necessary, consistent with sound management principles for the utilization of the public lands, (B) the proposed activity will involve the minimal amount of public lands necessary to accomplish the purposes of such use, occupancy, or other disposition, and (C) reasonable steps will be taken to minimize adverse impacts upon subsistence uses and resources resulting from such actions.
**(b) Environmental impact statement** If the Secretary is required to prepare an environmental impact statement pursuant to [section 4332(2)(C) of title 42](h
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3120
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