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42 U.S.C. § 4332 — Congressional declaration of national environmental policy
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress, recognizing the profound impact of man’s activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment, particularly the profound influences of population growth, high-density urbanization, industrial expansion, resource exploitation, and new and expanding technological advances and recognizing further the critical importance of restoring and maintaining environmental quality to the overall welfare and development of man, declares that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all practicable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive harmony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans.
**(b)** In order to carry out the policy set forth in this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means, consistent with other essential considerations of national policy, to improve and coordinate Federal plans, functions, programs, and resources to the end that the Nation may—
(1) fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding generations;
(2) assure for all Americans safe, healthful, productive, and esthetically and culturally pleasing surroundings;
(3) attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences;
(4) preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritag
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-4332-congressional-declaration-of-national-environmental-policy--d980616ab6.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 55, § 4332; chapter-055-national-environmental-policy.md
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**(a)** The Congress, recognizing the profound impact of man’s activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment, particularly the profound influences of population growth, high-density urbanization, industrial expansion, resource exploitation, and new and expanding technological advances and recognizing further the critical importance of restoring and maintaining environmental quality to the overall welfare and development of man, declares that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all practicable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive harmony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans.
**(b)** In order to carry out the policy set forth in this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means, consistent with other essential considerations of national policy, to improve and coordinate Federal plans, functions, programs, and resources to the end that the Nation may—
(1) fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding generations;
(2) assure for all Americans safe, healthful, productive, and esthetically and culturally pleasing surroundings;
(3) attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences;
(4) preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritage, and maintain, wherever possible, an environment which supports diversity and variety of individual choice;
(5) achieve a balance between population and resource use which will permit high standards of living and a wide sharing of life’s amenities; and
(6) enhance the quality of renewable resources and approach the maximum attainable recycling of depletable resources.
**(c)** The Congress recognizes that each person should enjoy a healthful environment and that each person has a responsibility to contribute to the preservation and enhancement of the environment.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 114–94, div. D, title XLI, § 41013, Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1761, provided that this subchapter shall terminate 7 years after Dec. 4, 2015.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4321
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**(a)** Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no action may be taken to effect or implement—
(1) the closure, including a mothball action, divestiture, deactivation, or any other action to render inoperable, of any military installation at which at least 300 civilian personnel are authorized to be employed;
(2) any realignment with respect to any military installation referred to in paragraph (1) involving a reduction by more than 1,000, or by more than 50 percent, in the number of civilian personnel authorized to be employed at such military installation at the time the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the military department concerned notifies the Congress under subsection (b) of the Secretary’s plan to close or realign such installation; or
(3) any construction, conversion, or rehabilitation at any military facility other than a military installation referred to in clause (1) or (2) which will or may be required as a result of the relocation of civilian personnel to such facility by reason of any closure or realignment to which clause (1) or (2) applies,
unless and until the provisions of subsection (b) are complied with.
**(b)** No action described in subsection (a) with respect to the closure of, or a realignment with respect to, any military installation referred to in such subsection may be taken unless and until—
(1) the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the military department concerned notifies the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives, as part of an annual request for authorization of appropriations to such Committees, of the proposed closing or realignment and submits with the notification—
(A) an evaluation of the fiscal, local economic, budgetary, environme
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2687
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**(a) Distribution of low sulfur fuel** Any allocation program provided for in [section 792 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section792&num=0&edition=prelim) or in the Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act of 1973 [[15 U.S.C. 751](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section751&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.],11 See References in Text note below. shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include measures to assure that available low sulfur fuel will be distributed on a priority basis to those areas of the United States designated by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency as requiring low sulfur fuel to avoid or minimize adverse impact on public health.
**(b) Study of chronic effects of sulfur oxide emissions among exposed populations** In order to determine the health effects of emissions of sulfur oxides to the air resulting from any conversions to burning coal to which section 119 1 of the Clean Air Act [[42 U.S.C. 1857c–10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1857c–10&num=0&edition=prelim)] applies, the Department of Health and Human Services shall, through the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency, conduct a study of chronic effects among exposed populations. The sum of $3,500,000 is authorized to be appropriated for such a study. In order to assure that long-term studies can be conducted without interruption, such sums as are appropriated shall be available until expended.
**(c) Major Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment**
(1) No action taken under the Clean Air Act [[42 U.S.C. 7401](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xh
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 793
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) State enforcement of State laws or regulations prohibited without transfer to State of management authority by Secretary** No State may enforce, or attempt to enforce, any State law or regulation relating to the taking of any species (which term for purposes of this section includes any population stock) of marine mammal within the State unless the Secretary has transferred authority for the conservation and management of that species (hereinafter referred to in this section as “management authority”) to the State under subsection (b)(1).
**(b) Findings prerequisite to transfer of authority; State program; implementation**
(1) Subject to paragraph (2) and subsection (f) of this section, the Secretary shall transfer management authority for a species of marine mammal to a State if the Secretary finds, after notice and opportunity for public comment, that the State has developed and will implement a program for the conservation and management of the species that—
(A) is consistent with the purposes, policies, and goals of this chapter and with international treaty obligations;
(B) requires that all taking of the species be humane;
(C) does not permit the taking of the species unless and until—
(i) the State has determined, under a process consistent with the standards set forth in subsection (c)—
(I) that the species is at its optimum sustainable population (hereinafter in this section referred to as “OSP”), and
(II) the maximum number of animals of that species that may be taken without reducing the species below its OSP, and
(ii) the determination required under clause (i) is final and implemented under State law, and, if a cooperative allocation agreement for the species is required under subsection (d)(1), such an agreement is
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1379
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Federal agency actions and consultations**
(1) The Secretary shall review other programs administered by him and utilize such programs in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter. All other Federal agencies shall, in consultation with and with the assistance of the Secretary, utilize their authorities in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter by carrying out programs for the conservation of endangered species and threatened species listed pursuant to [section 1533 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1533&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) Each Federal agency shall, in consultation with and with the assistance of the Secretary, insure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by such agency (hereinafter in this section referred to as an “agency action”) is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered species or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of habitat of such species which is determined by the Secretary, after consultation as appropriate with affected States, to be critical, unless such agency has been granted an exemption for such action by the Committee pursuant to subsection (h) of this section. In fulfilling the requirements of this paragraph each agency shall use the best scientific and commercial data available.
(3) Subject to such guidelines as the Secretary may establish, a Federal agency shall consult with the Secretary on any prospective agency action at the request of, and in cooperation with, the prospective permit or license applicant if the applicant has reason to believe that an endangered species or a threatened species may be present in the area affected by his project and that implementation of such action will likely
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1536
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** Congress finds that—
(1) approximately 60 percent of fish and wildlife in the United States are on private land;
(2) it is imperative to facilitate private landowner-centered and results-oriented efforts that promote efficient and innovative ways to protect and enhance natural resources;
(3) there is no readily available source of technical biological information that the public can access to assist with the application of state-of-the-art techniques to restore, enhance, and manage fish and wildlife habitats;
(4) a voluntary cost-effective program that leverages public and private funds to assist private landowners in the conduct of state-of-the-art fish and wildlife habitat restoration, enhancement, and management projects is needed;
(5) durable partnerships working collaboratively with willing private landowners to implement on-the-ground projects has lead to the reduction of endangered species listings;
(6) Executive Order No. 13352 (69 Fed. Reg. 52989) directs the Departments of the Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, and Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency to pursue new cooperative conservation programs involving the collaboration of Federal, State, local, and tribal governments, private for-profit and non-profit institutions, non-governmental entities, and individuals;
(7) since 1987, the Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program has exemplified cooperative conservation as an innovative, voluntary partnership program that helps private landowners restore wetland and other important fish and wildlife habitat; and
(8) through 33,103 agreements with private landowners, the Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program has accomplished the restoration of 677,000 acres of wetland, 1,253,700 acres of prairie and native grasslands, and 5,560 miles
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 3771
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Effect on rights of Indians, use of water, rivers and streams, interstate compacts, existing transmission facilities, hunting and fishing, forest plans, scenic areas** Nothing in sections 544 to 544p of this title shall—
(1) affect or modify any treaty or other rights of any Indian tribe;
(2) except as provided in section 13(c),11 See References in Text note below. authorize the appropriation or use of water by any Federal, State, or local agency, Indian tribe, or any other entity or individual;
(3) except as provided in section 13(c),1 affect the rights or jurisdictions of the United States, the States, Indian tribes or other entities over waters of any river or stream or over any ground water resource or affect or interfere with transportation activities on any such river or stream;
(4) except as provided in section 13(c),1 alter, establish, or affect the respective rights of the United States, the States, Indian tribes, or any person with respect to any water or water-related right;
(5) alter, amend, repeal, interpret, modify, or be in conflict with any interstate compact made by the States before November 17, 1986;
(6) affect or modify the ability of the Bonneville Power Administration to operate, maintain, and modify existing transmission facilities;
(7) affect lands held in trust by the Secretary of the Interior for Indian tribes or individual members of Indian tribes or other lands acquired by the Army Corps of Engineers and administered by the Secretary of the Interior for the benefit of Indian tribes and individual members of Indian tribes;
(8) affect the laws, rules and regulations pertaining to hunting and fishing under existing State and Federal laws and Indian treaties;
(9) require any revision or amendment of any forest plan adopted pursuant
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 544o
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** In all cases where the construction is to be performed by the State transportation department or under its supervision, a request for submission of bids shall be made by advertisement unless some other method is approved by the Secretary. The Secretary shall require such plans and specifications and such methods of bidding as shall be effective in securing competition.
**(b) Bidding Requirements.—**
(1) **In general.—** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), construction of each project, subject to the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, shall be performed by contract awarded by competitive bidding, unless the State transportation department demonstrates, to the satisfaction of the Secretary, that some other method is more cost effective or that an emergency exists. Contracts for the construction of each project shall be awarded only on the basis of the lowest responsive bid submitted by a bidder meeting established criteria of responsibility. No requirement or obligation shall be imposed as a condition precedent to the award of a contract to such bidder for a project, or to the Secretary’s concurrence in the award of a contract to such bidder, unless such requirement or obligation is otherwise lawful and is specifically set forth in the advertised specifications.
(2) **Contracting for engineering and design services.—**
(A) *General rule.—* — Subject to paragraph (3), each contract for program management, construction management, feasibility studies, preliminary engineering, design, engineering, surveying, mapping, or architectural related services with respect to a project subject to the provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall be awarded in the same manner as a contract for architectural and engineering services is negotiated under cha
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 112
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) **Updates.—** — Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the SAFETEA–LU, the Secretary, in consultation with interested stakeholders (including State transportation departments) shall develop a 5-year National Intelligent Transportation System (in this section referred to as “ITS”) program plan.
(2) **Scope.—** — The National ITS program plan shall—
(A) specify the goals, objectives, and milestones for the research and deployment of intelligent transportation systems in the contexts of—
(i) major metropolitan areas;
(ii) smaller metropolitan and rural areas; and
(iii) commercial vehicle operations;
(B) specify the manner in which specific programs and projects will achieve the goals, objectives, and milestones referred to in subparagraph (A), including consideration of a 5-year timeframe for the goals and objectives;
(C) identify activities that provide for the dynamic development, testing, and necessary revision of standards and protocols to promote and ensure interoperability in the implementation of intelligent transportation system technologies, including actions taken to establish standards; and
(D) establish a cooperative process with State and local governments for—
(i) determining desired surface transportation system performance levels; and
(ii) developing plans for accelerating the incorporation of specific intelligent transportation system capabilities into surface transportation systems.
**(b) Reporting.—** The National ITS program plan shall be submitted and biennially updated.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 512
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** Not later than 90 days after November 15, 2021, the Secretary of the Interior (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall establish a program to inventory, assess, decommission, reclaim, respond to hazardous substance releases on, and remediate abandoned hardrock mine land based on conditions including need, public health and safety, potential environmental harm, and other land use priorities.
**(b) Award of grants** Subject to the availability of funds, the Secretary shall provide grants on a competitive or formula basis to States and Indian Tribes that have jurisdiction over abandoned hardrock mine land to reclaim that land.
**(c) Eligibility** Amounts made available under this section may only be used for Federal, State, Tribal, local, and private land that has been affected by past hardrock mining activities, and water resources that traverse or are contiguous to such land, including any of the following:
(1) Land and water resources that were—
(A) used for, or affected by, hardrock mining activities; and
(B) abandoned or left in an inadequate reclamation status before November 15, 2021.
(2) Land for which the Secretary makes a determination that there is no continuing reclamation responsibility of a claim holder, liable party, operator, or other person that abandoned the site prior to completion of required reclamation under Federal or State law.
**(d) Eligible activities**
(1) **In general** — Amounts made available to carry out this section shall be used to inventory, assess, decommission, reclaim, respond to hazardous substance releases on, and remediate abandoned hardrock mine land based on the priorities described in subsection (a).
(2) **Exclusion** — Amounts made available to carry out this section may not be use
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 1245
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