19 U.S.C. § 2155 — Information and advice from private and

Page 523 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 2155 1 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized. (b) In determining whether to make offers de- scribed in subsection (a) in the course of negoti- ating any trade agreement under section 4202 of this title, and in determining the nature and scope of such offers, the President shall take into account any advice or information pro- vided, or reports submitted, by— (1) the Commission; (2) any advisory committee established under section 2155 of this title; or (3) any organization that holds public hear- ings under section 2153 of this title; with respect to any article, or domestic indus- try, that is sensitive, or potentially sensitive, to imports. (Pub. L. 93–618, title I, § 134, Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 1995; Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1111(a), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1137; Pub. L. 107–210, div. B, title XXI, § 2110(a)(3), (4), Aug. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 1020; Pub. L. 114–26, title I, § 110(a)(4), June 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 357.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2015—Pub. L. 114–26 substituted ‘‘section 4202 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 3803 of this title’’ in two places. 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–210, § 2110(a)(3), sub- stituted ‘‘section 3803 of this title,’’ for ‘‘section 2902 of this title,’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–210, § 2110(a)(4), substituted ‘‘section 3803 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 2902 of this title’’ in introductory provisions. 1988—Pub. L. 100–418 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: ‘‘In any nego- tiations seeking an agreement under part 1 of this sub- chapter or section 2133 or 2134 of this title, the Presi- dent may make an offer for the modification or con- tinuance of any United States duty, import restric- tions, or barriers to (or other distortions of) inter- national trade, the continuance of United States duty- free or excise treatment, or the imposition of addi- tional duties, import restriction, or other barrier to (or other distortion of) international trade, with respect to any article only after he has received a summary of the hearings at which an opportunity to be heard with re- spect to such article has been afforded under section 2153 of this title. In addition, the President may make an offer for the modification or continuance of any United States duty, the continuance of United States duty-free or excise treatment, or the imposition of ad- ditional duties, with respect to any article included in a list published and furnished under section 2151(a) of this title, only after he has received advice concerning such article from the International Trade Commission under section 2151(b) of this title, or after the expira- tion of the 6-month or 90-day period provided for in that section, as appropriate, whichever first occurs.’’ Executive Documents DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY For delegation of functions of President under div. B of Pub. L. 107–210, amending this section, see section 1 of Ex. Ord. No. 13277, Nov. 19, 2002, 67 F.R. 70305, set out as a note under section 3801 of this title. § 2155. Information and advice from private and public sectors (a) In general (1) The President shall seek information and advice from representative elements of the pri- vate sector and the non-Federal governmental sector with respect to— (A) negotiating objectives and bargaining positions before entering into a trade agree- ment under this subchapter or section 4202 of this title; (B) the operation of any trade agreement once entered into, including preparation for dispute settlement panel proceedings to which the United States is a party; and (C) other matters arising in connection with the development, implementation, and admin- istration of the trade policy of the United States, including those matters referred to in Reorganization Plan Number 3 of 1979 and Ex- ecutive Order Numbered 12188, and the prior- ities for actions thereunder. To the maximum extent feasible, such informa- tion and advice on negotiating objectives shall be sought and considered before the commence- ment of negotiations. (2) The President shall consult with represent- ative elements of the private sector and the non- Federal governmental sector on the overall cur- rent trade policy of the United States. The con- sultations shall include, but are not limited to, the following elements of such policy: (A) The principal multilateral and bilateral trade negotiating objectives and the progress being made toward their achievement. (B) The implementation, operation, and ef- fectiveness of recently concluded multilateral and bilateral trade agreements and resolution of trade disputes. (C) The actions taken under the trade laws of the United States and the effectiveness of such actions in achieving trade policy objec- tives. (D) Important developments in other areas of trade for which there must be developed a proper policy response. (3) The President shall take the advice re- ceived through consultation under paragraph (2) into account in determining the importance which should be placed on each major objective and negotiating position that should be adopted in order to achieve the overall trade policy of the United States. (b) Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Ne- gotiations (1) The President shall establish an Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations to provide overall policy advice on matters re- ferred to in subsection (a). The committee shall be composed of not more than 45 individuals and shall include representatives of non-Federal gov- ernments, labor, industry, agriculture, small business, service industries, retailers, non- governmental environmental and conservation organizations, and consumer interests. The com- mittee shall be broadly representative of the key sectors and groups of the economy, particu- larly with respect to those sectors and groups which are affected by trade. Members of the committee shall be recommended by the United States Trade Representative and appointed by the President for a term of 4 years or until the committee is scheduled to expire. An individual may be reappointed to committee for any num- ber of terms. Appointments to the Committee 1 Page 524 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 2155 shall be made without regard to political affili- ation. (2) The committee shall meet as needed at the call of the United States Trade Representative or at the call of two-thirds of the members of the committee. The chairman of the committee shall be elected by the committee from among its members. (3) The United States Trade Representative shall make available to the committee such staff, information, personnel, and administra- tive services and assistance as it may reason- ably require to carry out its activities. (c) General policy, sectoral, or functional advi- sory committees (1) The President may establish individual general policy advisory committees for indus- try, labor, agriculture, services, investment, de- fense, and other interests, as appropriate, to provide general policy advice on matters re- ferred to in subsection (a). Such committees shall, insofar as is practicable, be representative of all industry, labor, agricultural, service, in- vestment, defense, and other interests, respec- tively, including small business interests, and shall be organized by the United States Trade Representative and the Secretaries of Com- merce, Defense, Labor, Agriculture, the Treas- ury, or other executive departments, as appro- priate. The members of such committees shall be appointed by the United States Trade Rep- resentative in consultation with such Secre- taries. (2) The President shall establish such sectoral or functional advisory committees as may be ap- propriate. Such committees shall, insofar as is practicable, be representative of all industry, labor, agricultural, or service interests (includ- ing small business interests) in the sector or functional areas concerned. In organizing such committees, the United States Trade Represent- ative and the Secretaries of Commerce, Labor, Agriculture, the Treasury, or other executive departments, as appropriate, shall— (A) consult with interested private organiza- tions; and (B) take into account such factors as— (i) patterns of actual and potential com- petition between United States industry and agriculture and foreign enterprise in inter- national trade, (ii) the character of the nontariff barriers and other distortions affecting such com- petition, (iii) the necessity for reasonable limits on the number of such advisory committees, (iv) the necessity that each committee be reasonably limited in size, and (v) in the case of each sectoral committee, that the product lines covered by each com- mittee be reasonably related. (3) The President— (A) may, if necessary, establish policy advi- sory committees representing non-Federal governmental interests to provide policy ad- vice— (i) on matters referred to in subsection (a), and (ii) with respect to implementation of trade agreements, and (B) shall include as members of committees established under subparagraph (A) represent- atives of non-Federal governmental interests if he finds such inclusion appropriate after consultation by the United States Trade Rep- resentative with such representatives. (4) Appointments to each committee estab- lished under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) shall be made without regard to political affiliation. (d) Policy, technical, and other advice and infor- mation Committees established under subsection (c) shall meet at the call of the United States Trade Representative and the Secretaries of Agri- culture, Commerce, Labor, Defense, or other ex- ecutive departments, as appropriate, to provide policy advice, technical advice and information, and advice on other factors relevant to the mat- ters referred to in subsection (a). (e) Meeting of advisory committees at conclusion of negotiations (1) The Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations, each appropriate policy advi- sory committee, and each sectoral or functional advisory committee, if the sector or area which such committee represents is affected, shall meet at the conclusion of negotiations for each trade agreement entered into under section 4202 of this title, to provide to the President, to Con- gress, and to the United States Trade Represent- ative a report on such agreement. Each report that applies to a trade agreement entered into under section 4202 of this title shall be provided under the preceding sentence not later than the date that is 30 days after the date on which the President notifies Congress under section 4205(a)(1)(A) of this title of his intention to enter into that agreement. (2) The report of the Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations and each appro- priate policy advisory committee shall include an advisory opinion as to whether and to what extent the agreement promotes the economic in- terests of the United States and achieves the ap- plicable overall and principal negotiating objec- tives set forth in section 4201 of this title, as ap- propriate. (3) The report of the appropriate sectoral or functional committee under paragraph (1) shall include an advisory opinion as to whether the agreement provides for equity and reciprocity within the sector or within the functional area. (f) Application of chapter 10 of title 5 The provisions of chapter 10 of title 5 apply— (1) to the Advisory Committee for Trade Pol- icy and Negotiations established under sub- section (b); and (2) to all other advisory committees which may be established under subsection (c) of this section, except that— (A) the meetings of advisory committees established under subsections (b) and (c) of this section shall be exempt from the re- quirements of subsections (a) and (b) of sec- tions 1009 and 1010 of title 5 (relating to open meetings, public notice, public participa- tion, and public availability of documents), whenever and to the extent it is determined by the President or the President’s designee Page 525 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 2155 that such meetings will be concerned with matters the disclosure of which would seri- ously compromise the development by the United States Government of trade policy, priorities, negotiating objectives, or bar- gaining positions with respect to matters re- ferred to in subsection (a) of this section, and that meetings may be called of such spe- cial task forces, plenary meetings of chair- men, or other such groups made up of mem- bers of the committees established under subsections (b) and (c) of this section; and (B) notwithstanding subsection (a) of sec- tion 1013 of title 5, any committee estab- lished under subsection (b) or (c) may, in the discretion of the President or the Presi- dent’s designee, terminate not later than the expiration of the 4-year period beginning on the date of its establishment. (g) Trade secrets and confidential information (1) Trade secrets and commercial or financial information which is privileged or confidential, and which is submitted in confidence by the pri- vate sector or non-Federal government to offi- cers or employees of the United States in con- nection with trade negotiations, may be dis- closed upon request to— (A) officers and employees of the United States designated by the United States Trade Representative; (B) members of the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate who are designated as official advisers under section 2211(a)(1) of this title or are designated by the chairmen of either such committee under sec- tion 2211(b)(3)(A) of this title and staff mem- bers of either such committee designated by the chairmen under section 2211(b)(3)(A) of this title; and (C) members of any committee of the House or Senate or any joint committee of Congress who are designated as advisers under section 2211(a)(2) of this title or designated by the chairman of such committee under section 2211(b)(3)(B) of this title and staff members of such committee designated under section 2211(b)(3)(B) of this title, but disclosure may be made under this subparagraph only with re- spect to trade secrets or commercial or finan- cial information that is relevant to trade pol- icy matters or negotiations that are within the legislative jurisdiction of such committee; for use in connection with matters referred to in subsection (a). (2) Information other than that described in paragraph (1), and advice submitted in con- fidence by the private sector or non-Federal gov- ernment to officers or employees of the United States, to the Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations, or to any advisory committee established under subsection (c), in connection with matters referred to in sub- section (a), may be disclosed upon request to— (A) the individuals described in paragraph (1); and (B) the appropriate advisory committee es- tablished under this section. (3) Information submitted in confidence by of- ficers or employees of the United States to the Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Nego- tiations, or to any advisory committee estab- lished under subsection (c), may be disclosed in accordance with rules issued by the United States Trade Representative and the Secretaries of Commerce, Labor, Defense, Agriculture, or other executive departments, as appropriate, after consultation with the relevant advisory committees established under subsection (c). Such rules shall define the categories of infor- mation which require restricted or confidential handling by such committee considering the ex- tent to which public disclosure of such informa- tion can reasonably be expected to prejudice the development of trade policy, priorities, or United States negotiating objectives. Such rules shall, to the maximum extent feasible, permit meaningful consultations by advisory com- mittee members with persons affected by mat- ters referred to in subsection (a). (h) Advisory committee support The United States Trade Representative, and the Secretaries of Commerce, Labor, Defense, Agriculture, the Treasury, or other executive departments, as appropriate, shall provide such staff, information, personnel, and administra- tive services and assistance to advisory commit- tees established under subsection (c) as such committees may reasonably require to carry out their activities. (i) Consultation with advisory committees; pro- cedures; nonacceptance of committee advice or recommendations It shall be the responsibility of the United States Trade Representative, in conjunction with the Secretaries of Commerce, Labor, Agri- culture, the Treasury, or other executive depart- ments, as appropriate, to adopt procedures for consultation with and obtaining information and advice from the advisory committees estab- lished under subsection (c) on a continuing and timely basis. Such consultation shall include the provision of information to each advisory committee as to— (1) significant issues and developments; and (2) overall negotiating objectives and posi- tions of the United States and other parties; with respect to matters referred to in subsection (a). The United States Trade Representative shall not be bound by the advice or rec- ommendations of such advisory committees, but shall inform the advisory committees of signifi- cant departures from such advice or rec- ommendations made. In addition, in the course of consultations with the Congress under this subchapter, information on the advice and infor- mation provided by advisory committees shall be made available to congressional advisers. (j) Private organizations or groups In addition to any advisory committee estab- lished under this section, the President shall provide adequate, timely and continuing oppor- tunity for the submission on an informal basis (and, if such information is submitted under the provisions of subsection (g), on a confidential basis) by private organizations or groups, rep- resenting government, labor, industry, agri- culture, small business, service industries, con- sumer interests, and others, of statistics, data Page 526 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 2155 and other trade information, as well as policy recommendations, pertinent to any matter re- ferred to in subsection (a). (k) Scope of participation by members of advi- sory committees Nothing contained in this section shall be con- strued to authorize or permit any individual to participate directly in any negotiation of any matters referred to in subsection (a). To the maximum extent practicable, the members of the committees established under subsections (b) and (c), and other appropriate parties, shall be informed and consulted before and during any such negotiations. They may be designated as advisors to a negotiating delegation, and may be permitted to participate in international meet- ings to the extent the head of the United States delegation deems appropriate. However, they may not speak or negotiate for the United States. (l) Advisory committees established by Depart- ment of Agriculture The provisions of title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to any advisory committee es- tablished under subsection (c). (m) ‘‘Non-Federal government’’ defined As used in this section, the term ‘‘non-Federal government’’ means— (1) any State, territory, or possession of the United States, or the District of Columbia, or any political subdivision thereof; or (2) any agency or instrumentality of any en- tity described in paragraph (1). (Pub. L. 93–618, title I, § 135, Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 1996; Pub. L. 96–39, title XI, § 1103, July 26, 1979, 93 Stat. 308; Pub. L. 98–573, title III, § 306(c)(2)(B), Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 3011; Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1887(a)(2), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2923; Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1631, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1264; Pub. L. 103–465, title I, §§ 127(f), 128, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4836; Pub. L. 107–210, div. B, title XXI, § 2110(a)(5), Aug. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 1020; Pub. L. 108–429, title II, § 2004(i)(1), (2), Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2594, 2595; Pub. L. 109–280, title XIV, § 1635(f)(2), Aug. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 1171; Pub. L. 114–26, title I, § 110(a)(5), June 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 357; Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(a)(138), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4320.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Reorganization Plan Number 3 of 1979, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C), is set out as a note under section 2171 of this title. Executive Order Numbered 12188, referred to in sub- sec. (a)(1)(C), is set out as a note under section 2171 of this title. The Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, referred to in subsec. (l), is Pub. L. 95–113, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 913. Title XVIII of the Act is classified generally to chapter 55A (§ 2281 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of Title 7 and Tables. AMENDMENTS 2022—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(a)(138)(A), (B), substituted ‘‘chapter 10 of title 5’’ for ‘‘Federal Advi- sory Committee Act’’ in heading and ‘‘chapter 10 of title 5’’ for ‘‘the Federal Advisory Committee Act’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (f)(2)(A). Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(a)(138)(C), sub- stituted ‘‘subsections (a) and (b) of sections 1009 and 1010 of title 5’’ for ‘‘subsections (a) and (b) of sections 10 and 11 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act’’. Subsec. (f)(2)(B). Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(a)(138)(D), sub- stituted ‘‘subsection (a) of section 1013 of title 5,’’ for ‘‘subsection (a)(2) of section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act,’’. 2015—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 114–26, § 110(a)(5)(A), substituted ‘‘section 4202 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 3803 of this title’’. Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 114–26, § 110(a)(5)(B)(i), sub- stituted ‘‘section 4202 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 3803 of this title’’ in two places and ‘‘not later than the date that is 30 days after the date on which the President notifies Congress under section 4205(a)(1)(A) of this title’’ for ‘‘not later than the date on which the Presi- dent notifies the Congress under section 3805(a)(1)(A) of this title’’. Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 114–26, § 110(a)(5)(B)(ii), sub- stituted ‘‘section 4201 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 3802 of this title’’. 2006—Subsec. (f)(2)(B). Pub. L. 109–280 substituted ‘‘its establishment’’ for ‘‘their establishment’’. 2004—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 108–429, § 2004(i)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘4 years or until the committee is scheduled to expire’’ for ‘‘2 years’’. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 108–429, § 2004(i)(1), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as fol- lows: ‘‘to all other advisory committees which may be established under subsection (c) of this section; except that the meetings of advisory committees established under subsections (b) and (c) of this section shall be ex- empt from the requirements of subsections (a) and (b) of sections 10 and 11 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (relating to open meetings, public notice, public participation, and public availability of documents), whenever and to the extent it is determined by the President or his designee that such meetings will be concerned with matters the disclosure of which would seriously compromise the development by the United States Government of trade policy, priorities, negoti- ating objectives or bargaining positions with respect to matters referred to in subsection (a) of this section, and that meetings may be called of such special task forces, plenary meetings of chairmen, or other such groups made up of members of the committees estab- lished under subsections (b) and (c) of this section.’’ 2002—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 107–210, § 2110(a)(5)(A), substituted ‘‘section 3803 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 2902 of this title’’. Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 107–210, § 2110(a)(5)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘section 3803 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 2902 of this title’’ in two places and ‘‘section 3805(a)(1)(A) of this title’’ for ‘‘section 2903(a)(1)(A) of this title’’. Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 107–210, § 2110(a)(5)(C), sub- stituted ‘‘section 3802 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 2901 of this title’’. 1994—Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 103–465, § 127(f), amend- ed subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: ‘‘the operation of any trade agree- ment once entered into; and’’. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–465, § 128, inserted ‘‘non- governmental environmental and conservation organi- zations,’’ after ‘‘retailers,’’. 1988—Pub. L. 100–418 amended section generally, sub- stituting present provisions for provisions which, in the following subsections, had related to: subsec. (a), infor- mation and advice on trade agreements and other mat- ters; subsec. (b), Advisory Committee for Trade Nego- tiations; subsec. (c), general policy, sectoral, func- tional, or policy advisory committees; subsec. (d), pol- icy advice, technical advice and information, and other advice; subsec. (e), meeting of advisory committees at conclusion of negotiations for trade agreements; sub- sec. (f), Federal Advisory Committee Act; subsec. (g), trade secrets and confidential commercial, financial, or Page 527 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 2155 other information; subsec. (h), staff, information, per- sonnel, and administrative services and assistance to advisory committees; subsec. (i), consultation with ad- visory committees; adoption of procedures; nonaccept- ance of committee advice or recommendations; subsec. (j), private or non-Federal government organizations or groups; subsec. (k), direct participation in negotiations by private individuals not authorized; information, consultation, participation of committee members and appropriate parties in international meetings; restric- tions; subsec. (l), advisory committees established by Department of Agriculture; and subsec. (m), definition of ‘‘non-Federal government’’. 1986—Subsecs. (m), (n). Pub. L. 99–514 redesignated subsec. (n) as (m). 1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–573, § 306(c)(2)(B)(i), in- serted ‘‘and the non-Federal governmental sector’’ after ‘‘private sector’’. Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 98–573, § 306(c)(2)(B)(ii), added par. (3). Subsec. (g)(1)(A), (B). Pub. L. 98–573, § 306(c)(2)(B)(iii), inserted ‘‘or non-Federal government’’ after ‘‘private’’. Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 98–573, § 306(c)(2)(B)(iii), (iv), in- serted ‘‘or non-Federal government’’ after ‘‘private’’ and ‘‘government,’’ before ‘‘labor, industry’’. Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 98–573, § 306(c)(2)(B)(v), added sub- sec. (n). 1979—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(1), (2), struck out ‘‘, in accordance with the provisions of this sec- tion,’’ after ‘‘President’’ and required the seeking of in- formation and advice respecting operation of a trade agreement once entered into and respecting other mat- ters arising in connection with the administration of trade policy of the United States. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(3), substituted ‘‘matters referred to in subsection (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘any trade agreement referred to in section 2111 or 2112 of this title’’. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(4), substituted re- quirement that the members elect the Chairman of the Committee from among its membership for provision designating the Special Representative as Chairman and struck out provision for termination of the Com- mittee upon submission of its report to Congress as soon as practical after the end of the period which ends 5 years after Jan. 3, 1975. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(5), inserted a comma after ‘‘initiative’’, included references to ‘‘serv- ices’’, and substituted ‘‘general policy advice on mat- ters referred to in subsection (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘general policy advice on any trade agreement referred to in section 2111 or 2112 of this title’’, ‘‘Special Rep- resentative for Trade Negotiations’’ for ‘‘President act- ing through the Special Representative for Trade Nego- tiations’’ and ‘‘or Agriculture’’ for ‘‘and Agriculture’’. Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(6)–(9), substituted ‘‘The President shall establish such sectoral or func- tional advisory committees as may be appropriate’’ for ‘‘The President shall, on his own initiative or at the re- quest of organizations in a particular sector, establish such industry, labor, or agricultural sector advisory committees as he determines to be necessary for any trade negotiations referred to in section 2111 or 2112 of this title’’ and ‘‘Such committees shall, insofar as is practicable, be representative of all industry, labor, ag- ricultural, or service interests (including small busi- ness interests) in the sector or functional areas con- cerned’’ for ‘‘Such committees shall, so far as prac- ticable, be representative of all industry, labor, or agri- cultural interests including small business interests in the sector concerned’’ and ‘‘the Special Representative for Trade Negotiations’’ for ‘‘the President, acting through the Special Representative for Trade Negotia- tions’’, struck out ‘‘product sector’’ before ‘‘advisory committees’’, and inserted ‘‘, in the case of each sec- toral committee,’’ before ‘‘the product lines’’. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(10), required com- mittee meetings to be also summoned at joint instance of Secretary of Agriculture, Commerce, or Labor, as appropriate, previously required to be called before and during trade negotiations, struck out item (1) through (3) designation for ‘‘policy advice’’, ‘‘technical advice’’ and ‘‘advice on other factors’’, struck out ‘‘on negotia- tions’’ and ‘‘on negotiations on particular products both domestic and foreign’’ after ‘‘policy advice’’ and ‘‘technical advice and information’’ and substituted ‘‘factors relevant to the matters referred to in sub- section (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘factors relevant to po- sitions of the United States in trade negotiations.’’ Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(11)–(14), redesignated par. (1) as entire provision, and in provision as so redes- ignated, substituted ‘‘each sector or functional advi- sory committee, if the sector or area’’ for ‘‘each sector advisory committee, if the sector’’, ‘‘appropriate sector or functional area’’ for ‘‘appropriate sector’’, and ‘‘within the sector or within the functional area’’ for ‘‘within the sector’’, and struck out par. (2) which re- quired a report to Congress by the Advisory Committee for Trade Negotiations by each policy advisory com- mittee, and, each sector advisory committee as soon as practicable at end of the period ending 5 years after Jan. 3, 1975, including advisory opinions of the respec- tive committees as to how the trade agreements serve the economic interests of United States and how provi- sion is made for equity and reciprocity within the sec- tor. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(15)(A), (B), sub- stituted ‘‘committees’’ for ‘‘groups’’ and ‘‘with respect to matters referred to in subsection (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘on the negotiation of any trade agreement’’. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(16), (17)(A), (B), sub- stituted in par. (1)(A) ‘‘matters referred to in sub- section (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘a trade agreement re- ferred to in section 2111 or 2112 of this title’’, in par. (1)(B) ‘‘matters referred to in subsection (a) of this sec- tion’’ for ‘‘trade negotiations’’, and in par. (2) ‘‘matters referred to in subsection (a) of this title’’ for ‘‘proposed trade agreements’’. Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(18)(A)–(C), struck out in provision before cl. (1) ‘‘, both during preparation for negotiations and actual negotiations’’ after ‘‘basis’’ and in cl. (1) ‘‘arising in preparation for or in the course of such negotiations’’ after ‘‘developments’’ and substituted in cl. (2) ‘‘with respect to matters referred to in subsection (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘to the negotia- tions’’. Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(19), substituted ‘‘mat- ters referred to in subsection (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘trade agreement referred to in section 2111 or 2112 of this title’’. Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(19), (20), substituted ‘‘matters referred to in subsection (a) of this section’’ for ‘‘trade agreement referred to in section 2111 or 2112 of this title’’ and provided for information to and con- sultations with committee members and appropriate parties and participation in international meetings without becoming spokesmen or negotiators for the United States. Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 96–39, § 1103(21), added subsec. (l). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2006 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 109–280 applicable with re- spect to goods entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after the 15th day after Aug. 17, 2006, see section 1641 of Pub. L. 109–280, set out as a note under section 58c of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2004 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 108–429, title II, § 2004(i)(3), Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2595, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section] shall take ef- fect on February 1, 2006.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1994 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 103–465 effective on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with re- spect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), see section 130 Page 528 TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES § 2155 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3531 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1979 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96–39 effective July 26, 1979, see section 1114 of Pub. L. 96–39, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2581 of this title. PLAN AMENDMENTS NOT REQUIRED UNTIL JANUARY 1, 1989 For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147 and 1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1801–1899A] of Pub. L. 99–514 require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see section 1140 of Pub. L. 99–514, as amended, set out as a note under section 401 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Executive Documents DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY For delegation of functions of President under div. B of Pub. L. 107–210, amending this section, see section 1 of Ex. Ord. No. 13277, Nov. 19, 2002, 67 F.R. 70305, set out as a note under section 3801 of this title. EX. ORD. NO. 12905. TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT POLICY ADVISORY COMMITTEE Ex. Ord. No. 12905, Mar. 25, 1994, 59 F.R. 14733, pro- vided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended ([former] 5 U.S.C. App.) [see 5 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.], and section 135(c)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2155(c)(1)) (‘‘Act’’), it is hereby ordered as follows: SECTION 1. Establishment. There is established in the Office of the United States Trade Representative (‘‘Trade Representative’’[)] the ‘‘Trade and Environ- ment Policy Advisory Committee’’ (‘‘Committee’’). SEC. 2. Membership. (a) The Committee shall consist of not more than 35 members, including, but not lim- ited to, representatives from environmental interest groups, industry (including the environmental tech- nology and environmental services industries), agri- culture, services, non-Federal government, and con- sumer interests. The Committee should be broadly rep- resentative of the key sectors and groups of the econ- omy with an interest in trade and environmental policy issues. (b) The Chairman of the Committee shall be elected by the Committee from among its members. Members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Trade Rep- resentative, in consultation with the Cabinet secre- taries described in section 2155(c)(1) of title 19, United States Code, for a term of 2 years and may be re- appointed for any number of terms. Appointments to the Committee shall be made without regard to polit- ical affiliation. Any member may be removed at the discretion of the Trade Representative. SEC. 3. Functions. (a) The Committee shall provide the Trade Representative with policy advice on issues in- volving trade and the environment. (b) The Committee shall submit a report to the Presi- dent, to the Congress, and to the Trade Representative at the conclusion of negotiations for each trade agree- ment referred to in section 102 of the Act [19 U.S.C. 2112]. The report shall include an advisory opinion on whether and to what extent the agreement promotes the interests of the United States. (c) The Committee may establish such subcommit- tees of its members as it deems necessary, subject to the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act and the approval of the Trade Representative, or his designee. (d) The Committee shall report its activities to the Trade Representative, or his designee. SEC. 4. Administration. (a) The Trade Representative, or his designee, with the advice of the Chairman, shall be responsible for prior approval of the agendas for all Committee meetings. (b) The Trade Representative, or his designee, shall be responsible for determinations, filings, and other ad- ministrative requirements of the Federal Advisory Committee Act. (c)(1) The Trade Representative shall provide funding and administrative and staff support for the Com- mittee. (2) The Committee shall have an Executive Director who shall be a Federal officer or employee designated by the Trade Representative. (d) Members of the Committee shall serve without ei- ther compensation or reimbursement of expenses. (e) The Committee shall meet as needed at the call of the Trade Representative or his designee, depending on various factors such as the level of activity of trade ne- gotiations and the needs of the Trade Representative, or at the call of two-thirds of the members of the Com- mittee. SEC. 5. General. The Committee shall function for such period as may be necessary. In accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act [see 5 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.], the Committee shall terminate after 2 years from the date of this order unless otherwise extended. WILLIAM J. CLINTON. EXTENSION OF TERM OF TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT POLICY ADVISORY COMMITTEE Term of Trade and Environment Policy Advisory Committee extended until Sept. 30, 2025, by Ex. Ord. No. 14109, Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68447, set out as a note under section 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Previous extensions of term of Trade and Environ- ment Policy Advisory Committee were contained in the following prior Executive Orders: Ex. Ord. No. 14048, Sept. 30, 2021, 86 F.R. 55465, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2023. Ex. Ord. No. 13889, Sept. 27, 2019, 84 F.R. 52743, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2021. Ex. Ord. No. 13811, Sept. 29, 2017, 82 F.R. 46363, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2019. Ex. Ord. No. 13708, Sept. 30, 2015, 80 F.R. 60271, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2017. Ex. Ord. No. 13652, Sept. 30, 2013, 78 F.R. 61817, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2015. Ex. Ord. No. 13585, Sept. 30, 2011, 76 F.R. 62281, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2013. Ex. Ord. No. 13511, Sept. 29, 2009, 74 F.R. 50909, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2011. Ex. Ord. No. 13446, Sept. 28, 2007, 72 F.R. 56175, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2009. Ex. Ord. No. 13385, Sept. 29, 2005, 70 F.R. 57989, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2007. Ex. Ord. No. 13316, Sept. 17, 2003, 68 F.R. 55255, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2005. Ex. Ord. No. 13225, Sept. 28, 2001, 66 F.R. 50291, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2003. Ex. Ord. No. 13138, Sept. 30, 1999, 64 F.R. 53879, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 2001. Ex. Ord. No. 13062, § 1(o), Sept. 29, 1997, 62 F.R. 51755, extended term until Sept. 30, 1999. Ex. Ord. No. 12974, Sept. 29, 1995, 60 F.R. 51875, ex- tended term until Sept. 30, 1997. PART 4—OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Pub. L. 97–456, § 3(d)(3), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2505, sub- stituted ‘‘United States Trade Representative’’ for ‘‘Special Representative for Trade Negotiations’’ in part 4 heading.