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7 U.S.C. § 2281 — Congressional declaration of purpose
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purposes of this chapter are to—
(1) require strict financial and program accounting by advisory committees of the Department of Agriculture;
(2) assure balance and objectivity in the membership of such advisory committees; and
(3) prevent the formation or continuation of unnecessary advisory committees by the Department of Agriculture.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2281
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_d74a0227483c459bb01e0894
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-2281-congressional-declaration-of-purpose--573951513d.md
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Source location: Title 7, Chapter 55A, § 2281; chapter-55a-department-of-agriculture-advisory-committees.md
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The purposes of this chapter are to—
(1) require strict financial and program accounting by advisory committees of the Department of Agriculture;
(2) assure balance and objectivity in the membership of such advisory committees; and
(3) prevent the formation or continuation of unnecessary advisory committees by the Department of Agriculture.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The powers conferred under this chapter shall not be used to discourage the production of supplies of foods and fibers sufficient to maintain normal domestic human consumption as determined by the Secretary from the records of domestic human consumption in the years 1920 to 1929, inclusive, taking into consideration increased population quantities of any commodity that were forced into domestic consumption by decline in exports during such period, current trends in domestic consumption and exports of particular commodities, and the quantities of substitutes available for domestic consumption within any general class of food commodities. In carrying out the purposes of this chapter it shall be the duty of the Secretary to give due regard to the maintenance of a continuous and stable supply of agricultural commodities from domestic production adequate to meet consumer demand at prices fair to both producers and consumers.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1307
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Flowers and plants are an integral part of American life, contributing a natural and beautiful element, especially in urban areas, to what is increasingly a manmade, artificial environment for this country’s citizens. Providing comfort and pleasure for many special occasions as well as for everyday living, flowers and plants work against visual pollution and, in the case of green plants, generate oxygen within their environment. The flowers and plants to which this chapter refers are cut flowers, potted flowering plants, and foliage plants. These flowers and plants are produced by many individual producers throughout the United States and in foreign countries. These products move in interstate and foreign commerce, and those that do not move in such channels of commerce directly burden or affect interstate commerce of these products. The maintenance and expansion of existing markets and the development of new or improved markets and uses are vital to the welfare of flower and plant producers, brokers, wholesalers, and retailers throughout the Nation. The floral industry within the United States is comprised mainly of small- and medium-sized businesses. The producers are primarily agriculturally-oriented companies rather than promotion-oriented companies. The development and implementation of coordinated programs of research and promotion necessary for the maintenance of markets and the development of new markets have been inadequate. Without cooperative action in providing for and financing such programs, individual flower and plant producers, wholesalers, and retailers are unable to implement programs of research, consumer and producer information, and promotion necessary to maintain and improve markets for these products. It is widely recognized that it is in the publ
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 4301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general**
(1) The President shall seek information and advice from representative elements of the private sector and the non-Federal governmental sector with respect to—
(A) negotiating objectives and bargaining positions before entering into a trade agreement under this subchapter or [section 4202 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section4202&num=0&edition=prelim);
(B) the operation of any trade agreement once entered into, including preparation for dispute settlement panel proceedings to which the United States is a party; and
(C) other matters arising in connection with the development, implementation, and administration of the trade policy of the United States, including those matters referred to in Reorganization Plan Number 3 of 1979 and Executive Order Numbered 12188, and the priorities for actions thereunder.
To the maximum extent feasible, such information and advice on negotiating objectives shall be sought and considered before the commencement of negotiations.
(2) The President shall consult with representative elements of the private sector and the non-Federal governmental sector on the overall current trade policy of the United States. The consultations shall include, but are not limited to, the following elements of such policy:
(A) The principal multilateral and bilateral trade negotiating objectives and the progress being made toward their achievement.
(B) The implementation, operation, and effectiveness of recently concluded multilateral and bilateral trade agreements and resolution of trade disputes.
(C) The actions taken under the trade laws of the United States and the effectiveness of such actions in achieving trade policy objectives.
(D) Important developments in o
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 2191
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** There is established in the Department of Agriculture a permanent advisory panel to be known as the “Safe Meat and Poultry Inspection Panel” (referred to in this section as the “panel”).
**(b) Duties**
(1) **Review and evaluation** — The panel shall review and evaluate, as the panel considers necessary, the adequacy, necessity, safety, cost-effectiveness, and scientific merit of—
(A) inspection procedures of, and work rules and worker relations involving Federal employees employed in, plants inspected under this chapter;
(B) informal petitions or proposals for changes in inspection procedures, processes, and techniques of plants inspected under this chapter;
(C) formal changes in meat inspection regulations promulgated under this chapter, whether in notice, proposed, or final form; and
(D) such other matters as may be referred to the panel by the Secretary regarding the quality or effectiveness of a safe and cost-effective meat inspection system under this chapter.
(2) **Reports**
(A) *In general* — The panel shall submit to the Secretary a report on the results of each review and evaluation carried out under paragraph (1), including such recommendations as the panel considers appropriate.
(B) *Reports on formal changes* — In the case of a report concerning a formal change in meat inspection regulations, the report shall be made within the time limits prescribed for formal comments on such changes.
(C) *Publication in Federal Register* — Each report of the panel to the Secretary shall be published in the Federal Register.
**(c) Secretarial response** Not later than 90 days after the publication of a panel report under subsection (b)(2)(C), the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register any response required of the Secr
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 679a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purposes of federally supported agricultural research, extension, and education are to—
(1) enhance the competitiveness of the United States agriculture and food industry in an increasingly competitive world environment;
(2) increase the long-term productivity of the United States agriculture and food industry while maintaining and enhancing the natural resource base on which rural America and the United States agricultural economy depend;
(3) develop new uses and new products for agricultural commodities, such as alternative fuels, and develop new crops;
(4) support agricultural research and extension to promote economic opportunity in rural communities and to meet the increasing demand for information and technology transfer throughout the United States agriculture industry;
(5) improve risk management in the United States agriculture industry;
(6) improve the safe production and processing of, and adding of value to, United States food and fiber resources using methods that maintain the balance between yield and environmental soundness;
(7) support higher education in agriculture to give the next generation of Americans the knowledge, technology, and applications necessary to enhance the competitiveness of United States agriculture;
(8) maintain an adequate, nutritious, and safe supply of food to meet human nutritional needs and requirements; and
(9) support international collaboration that leverages resources and advances priority food and agricultural interests of the United States, such as—
(A) addressing emerging plant and animal diseases;
(B) improving crop varieties and animal breeds; and
(C) developing safe, efficient, and nutritious food systems.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Covered programs; statement of purposes** A unique partnership arrangement exists in food and agricultural research, extension, and teaching between the Federal Government and the governments of the several States whereby the States have accepted and have supported, through legislation and appropriations—
(1) research programs under—
(A) the Act of March 2, 1887 ([7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the Hatch Act of 1887;
(B) the Act of October 10, 1962 ([16 U.S.C. 582a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section582a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis Act of 1962;
(C) subchapter V of this chapter; and
(D) subchapter VI of this chapter;
(2) extension programs under subchapter VI of this chapter and the Act of May 8, 1914 ([7 U.S.C. 341](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section341&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the Smith-Lever Act;
(3) teaching programs under—
(A) the Act of July 2, 1862 ([7 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the First Morrill Act;
(B) the Act of August 30, 1890 ([7 U.S.C. 321](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section321&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), commonly known as the Second Morrill Act; and
(C) the Act of June 29, 1935 ([7 U.S.C. 329](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section329&num=0&edition=prelim)), commonly known as the Bankhead-Jones Act; and
(4) international agricultural programs under title XII of the Foreign
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3124a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of this Act [[7 U.S.C. 2281](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2281&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] shall not apply to any committee, board, commission, panel, or task force, or similar entity, created solely for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals requesting funding under any competitive research, extension, or education program carried out by the Secretary.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3129a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Higher education teaching programs** The Secretary shall promote and strengthen higher education in the food and agricultural sciences by formulating and administering programs to enhance college and university teaching programs in agriculture, natural resources, forestry, veterinary medicine, home economics, disciplines closely allied to the food and agricultural system, and rural economic, community, and business development.
**(b) Grants** The Secretary may make competitive grants (or grants without regard to any requirement for competition) to land-grant colleges and universities (including the University of the District of Columbia), to colleges and universities having significant minority enrollments and a demonstrable capacity to carry out the teaching of food and agricultural sciences, and to other colleges and universities having a demonstrable capacity to carry out the teaching of food and agricultural sciences, for a period not to exceed 5 years—
(1) to strengthen institutional capacities, including curriculum, faculty, scientific instrumentation, instruction delivery systems, and student recruitment and retention, to respond to identified State, regional, national, or international educational needs in the food and agricultural sciences, or in rural economic, community, and business development;
(2) to attract and support undergraduate and graduate students in order to educate the students in national need areas of the food and agricultural sciences, or in rural economic, community, and business development;
(3) to facilitate cooperative initiatives between two or more eligible institutions, or between eligible institutions and units of State government or organizations in the private sector, to maximize the development and use of resources such as
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3152
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of grant program**
(1) In order to promote research in food, agriculture, and related areas, a research grants program is hereby established in the Department of Agriculture.
(2) **Short Title.—** — This section may be cited as the “Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act”.
**(b) Agriculture and food research initiative**
(1) **Establishment** — There is established in the Department of Agriculture an Agriculture and Food Research Initiative under which the Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this subsection as “the Secretary”) may make competitive grants for fundamental and applied research, extension, and education to address food and agricultural sciences (as defined under [section 3103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3103&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(2) **Priority areas** — The competitive grants program established under this subsection shall address the following areas:
(A) *Plant health and production and plant products* — Plant systems, including—
(i) plant genome structure and function;
(ii) molecular and cellular genetics and plant biotechnology;
(iii) conventional breeding, including cultivar and breed development, selection theory, applied quantitative genetics, breeding for improved food quality, breeding for improved local adaptation to biotic stress and abiotic stress, and participatory breeding;
(iv) plant-pest interactions and biocontrol systems;
(v) crop plant response to environmental stresses;
(vi) unproved nutrient qualities of plant products; and
(vii) new food and industrial uses of plant products.
(B) *Animal health and production and animal products* — Animal systems, including—
(i) aquaculture;
(
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3157
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization of appropriations** There are authorized to be appropriated such funds as Congress may determine necessary to support research on specific national or regional animal health or disease problems, or national or regional problems relating to pre-harvest, on-farm food safety, or animal well-being, but not to exceed $35,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991 through 2012, and not in excess of such sums as may after September 29, 1977, be authorized by law for any subsequent fiscal year.
**(b) Duration of grants** Notwithstanding the provisions of [section 3197 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3197&num=0&edition=prelim), funds appropriated under this section shall be awarded in the form of grants, for periods not to exceed five years, to State agricultural experiment stations, colleges and universities (including 1890 Institutions (as defined in [section 7601 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7601&num=0&edition=prelim))), other research institutions and organizations, Federal agencies, private organizations or corporations, and individuals.
**(c) Establishment of annual priority lists for allocation of funds** In order to establish a rational allocation of funds appropriated under this section, the Secretary shall establish annually priority lists of animal health and disease, food safety, and animal well-being problems of national or regional significance. Such lists shall be prepared after consultation with the Advisory Board. Any recommendations made in connection with such consultation shall not be controlling on the Secretary’s determination of priorities. In establishing such priorities, the Secretary and the Advisory Board shall con
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 3196
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