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42 U.S.C. § 10156 — Certain standards and criteria
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Environmental Protection Agency standards** Not later than 1 year after January 7, 1983, the Administrator, pursuant to authority under other provisions of law, shall, by rule, promulgate generally applicable standards for protection of the general environment from offsite releases from radioactive material in repositories.
**(b) Commission requirements and criteria**
(1)
(A) Not later than January 1, 1984, the Commission, pursuant to authority under other provisions of law, shall, by rule, promulgate technical requirements and criteria that it will apply, under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 ([42 U.S.C. 2011](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2011&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) and the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 ([42 U.S.C. 5801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section5801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), in approving or disapproving—
(i) applications for authorization to construct repositories;
(ii) applications for licenses to receive and possess spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in such repositories; and
(iii) applications for authorization for closure and decommissioning of such repositories.
(B) Such criteria shall provide for the use of a system of multiple barriers in the design of the repository and shall include such restrictions on the retrievability of the solidified high-level radioactive waste and spent fuel emplaced in the repository as the Commission deems appropriate.
(C) Such requirements and criteria shall not be inconsistent with any comparable standards promulgated by the Administrator under subsection (a).
(2) For purposes of this chapter, nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the Commission from pr
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 108, § 10156; chapter-108-nuclear-waste-policy.md
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**(a) Environmental Protection Agency standards** Not later than 1 year after January 7, 1983, the Administrator, pursuant to authority under other provisions of law, shall, by rule, promulgate generally applicable standards for protection of the general environment from offsite releases from radioactive material in repositories.
**(b) Commission requirements and criteria**
(1)
(A) Not later than January 1, 1984, the Commission, pursuant to authority under other provisions of law, shall, by rule, promulgate technical requirements and criteria that it will apply, under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 ([42 U.S.C. 2011](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2011&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) and the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 ([42 U.S.C. 5801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section5801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), in approving or disapproving—
(i) applications for authorization to construct repositories;
(ii) applications for licenses to receive and possess spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in such repositories; and
(iii) applications for authorization for closure and decommissioning of such repositories.
(B) Such criteria shall provide for the use of a system of multiple barriers in the design of the repository and shall include such restrictions on the retrievability of the solidified high-level radioactive waste and spent fuel emplaced in the repository as the Commission deems appropriate.
(C) Such requirements and criteria shall not be inconsistent with any comparable standards promulgated by the Administrator under subsection (a).
(2) For purposes of this chapter, nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the Commission from promulgating requirements and criteria under paragraph (1) before the Administrator promulgates standards under subsection (a). If the Administrator promulgates standards under subsection (a) after requirements and criteria are promulgated by the Commission under paragraph (1), such requirements and criteria shall be revised by the Commission if necessary to comply with paragraph (1)(C).
**(c) Environmental impact statement** The promulgation of standards or criteria in accordance with the provisions of this section shall not require the preparation of an environmental impact statement under section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ([42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4332/2/C&num=0&edition=prelim)), or to require any environmental review under subparagraph (E) or (F) of section 102(2) of such Act.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
No person shall on the ground of sex be excluded from participation in, be denied a license under, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity carried on or receiving Federal assistance under any subchapter of this chapter. This provision will be enforced through agency provisions and rules similar to those already established, with respect to racial and other discrimination, under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [[42 U.S.C. 2000d](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2000d&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]. However, this remedy is not exclusive and will not prejudice or cut off any other legal remedies available to a discriminatee.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 5801
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Atomic energy is capable of application for peaceful as well as military purposes. It is therefore declared to be the policy of the United States that—
**(a)** the development, use, and control of atomic energy shall be directed so as to make the maximum contribution to the general welfare, subject at all times to the paramount objective of making the maximum contribution to the common defense and security; and
**(b)** the development, use, and control of atomic energy shall be directed so as to promote world peace, improve the general welfare, increase the standard of living, and strengthen free competition in private enterprise.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 2011
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Demonstration and cooperative programs** The Secretary shall establish a demonstration program, in cooperation with the private sector, for the dry storage of spent nuclear fuel at civilian nuclear power reactor sites, with the objective of establishing one or more technologies that the Commission may, by rule, approve for use at the sites of civilian nuclear power reactors without, to the maximum extent practicable, the need for additional site-specific approvals by the Commission. Not later than 1 year after January 7, 1983, the Secretary shall select at least 1, but not more than 3, sites evaluated under [section 10194 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section10194&num=0&edition=prelim) at such power reactors. In selecting such site or sites, the Secretary shall give preference to civilian nuclear power reactors that will soon have a shortage of interim storage capacity for spent nuclear fuel. Subject to reaching agreement as provided in subsection (b), the Secretary shall undertake activities to assist such power reactors with demonstration projects at such sites, which may use one of the following types of alternate storage technologies: spent nuclear fuel storage casks, caissons, or silos. The Secretary shall also undertake a cooperative program with civilian nuclear power reactors to encourage the development of the technology for spent nuclear fuel rod consolidation in existing power reactor water storage basins.
**(b) Cooperative agreements** To carry out the programs described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall enter into a cooperative agreement with each utility involved that specifies, at a minimum, that—
(1) such utility shall select the alternate storage technique to be used, make the land and s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 10223
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 7998
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 10156
3 See References in Text note below.
(e) Limitations
Any spent nuclear fuel stored under this sec-
tion shall be removed from the storage site or
facility involved as soon as practicable, but in
any event not later than 3 years following the
date on which a repository or monitored retriev-
able storage facility developed under this chap-
ter is available for disposal of such spent nu-
clear fuel.
(f) Report
The Secretary shall annually prepare and sub-
mit to the Congress a report on any plans of the
Secretary for providing storage capacity under
this section. Such report shall include a descrip-
tion of the specific manner of providing such
storage selected by the Secretary, if any. The
Secretary shall prepare and submit the first
such report not later than 1 year after January
7, 1983.
(g) Criteria for determining adequacy of avail-
able storage capacity
Not later than 90 days after January 7, 1983,
the Commission pursuant to section 553 of the
Administrative Procedures Act [5 U.S.C. 553],
shall propose, by rule, procedures and criteria
for making the determination required by sub-
section (b) that a person owning and operating a
civilian nuclear power reactor cannot reason-
ably provide adequate spent nuclear fuel storage
capacity at the civilian nuclear power reactor
site when needed to ensure the continued or-
derly operation of such reactor. Such criteria
shall ensure the maintenance of a full core re-
serve storage capability at the site of such reac-
tor unless the Commission determines that
maintenance of such capability is not necessary
for the continued orderly operation of such reac-
tor. Such criteria shall identify the feasibility of
reasonably providing such adequate spent
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 10156
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 5360
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 2011
Sec.
2297f–2.
Regulation of Restricted Data.
SUBCHAPTER VII—DECONTAMINATION AND
DECOMMISSIONING
2297g.
Uranium Enrichment Decontamination
and Decommissioning Fund.
2297g–1.
Deposits.
2297g–2.
Department facilities.
2297g–3.
Employee provisions.
2297g–4.
Reports to Congress.
SUBCHAPTER VIII—UNITED STATES ENRICHMENT
CORPORATION PRIVATIZATION
2297h.
Definitions.
2297h–1.
Sale of Corporation.
2297h–2.
Method of sale.
2297h–3.
Establishment of private corporation.
2297h–4.
Transfers to private corporation.
2297h–5.
Leasing of gaseous diffusion facilities.
2297h–6.
Transfer of contracts.
2297h–7.
Liabilities.
2297h–8.
Employee protections.
2297h–9.
Ownership limitations.
2297h–10.
Uranium transfers and sales.
2297h–10a.
Incentives for additional downblending
of highly enriched uranium by the Rus-
sian Federation.
2297h–10b.
Secretarial
determinations;
congres-
sional notification.
2297h–11.
Low-level waste.
2297h–12.
AVLIS.
2297h–13.
Application of certain laws.
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, which is classified
principally to this chapter, is act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724.
It was originally enacted as the Atomic Energy Act of
1946, act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, 60 Stat. 755, which con-
sisted of sections 1 to 21 and was classified generally to
chapter 14 (§ 1801 et seq.) of this title. The Atomic En-
ergy Act of 1946 was renamed the Atomic Energy Act of
1954 and amended generally by act Aug. 30, 1954, ch.
1073, § 1, 68 Stat. 919, and was subsequently transferred
to this chapter. Sections that were enacted as part of
the 1954 general amendment are shown herein as having
been added to act Aug. 1, 1946, and not as amending it,
due to the
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 2011
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress, recognizing the profound impact of man’s activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment, particularly the profound influences of population growth, high-density urbanization, industrial expansion, resource exploitation, and new and expanding technological advances and recognizing further the critical importance of restoring and maintaining environmental quality to the overall welfare and development of man, declares that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all practicable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive harmony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans.
**(b)** In order to carry out the policy set forth in this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means, consistent with other essential considerations of national policy, to improve and coordinate Federal plans, functions, programs, and resources to the end that the Nation may—
(1) fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding generations;
(2) assure for all Americans safe, healthful, productive, and esthetically and culturally pleasing surroundings;
(3) attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences;
(4) preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritag
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4332
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 6139
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 4332
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create
any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforce-
able at law or in equity by any party against the
United States, its departments, agencies, or entities,
its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
J.R. BIDEN, JR.
SUBCHAPTER I—POLICIES AND GOALS
§ 4331. Congressional declaration of national en-
vironmental policy
(a) The Congress, recognizing the profound im-
pact of man’s activity on the interrelations of
all components of the natural environment, par-
ticularly the profound influences of population
growth, high-density urbanization, industrial
expansion, resource exploitation, and new and
expanding technological advances and recog-
nizing further the critical importance of restor-
ing and maintaining environmental quality to
the overall welfare and development of man, de-
clares that it is the continuing policy of the
Federal Government, in cooperation with State
and local governments, and other concerned
public and private organizations, to use all prac-
ticable means and measures, including financial
and technical assistance, in a manner calculated
to foster and promote the general welfare, to
create and maintain conditions under which
man and nature can exist in productive har-
mony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other
requirements of present and future generations
of Americans.
(b) In order to carry out the policy set forth in
this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility
of the Federal Government to use all practicable
means, consistent with other essential consider-
ations of national policy, to improve and coordi-
nate Federal plans, functions, programs, and re-
sources to the end that the Nati
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 4332
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 6592
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 5801
Sec.
5848.
Abnormal occurrence reports.
5849.
Other officers.
5850.
Unresolved safety issues plan.
5851.
Employee protection.
5852.
Availability of funds.
5853.
Limitation on legal fee reimbursement.
5854.
Notification and reports by Chairman.
SUBCHAPTER III—MISCELLANEOUS AND
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
5871.
Transitional provisions.
5872.
Transfer of personnel.
5873.
Director of Office of Management and Budget;
power to make dispositions.
5874.
Definitions.
5875.
Authorization of appropriations.
5876.
Comptroller General audit.
5877.
Reports to President for submission to Con-
gress.
5878.
Information to Congressional committees.
5878a.
Funding and encouragement of small busi-
ness; information for inclusion in report.
5879.
Transfer of funds.
SUBCHAPTER IV—SEX DISCRIMINATION
5891.
Sex discrimination prohibited.
§ 5801. Congressional declaration of policy and
purpose
(a)
Development
and
utilization
of
energy
sources
The Congress hereby declares that the general
welfare and the common defense and security re-
quire effective action to develop, and increase
the efficiency and reliability of use of, all en-
ergy sources to meet the needs of present and
future generations, to increase the productivity
of the national economy and strengthen its posi-
tion in regard to international trade, to make
the Nation self-sufficient in energy, to advance
the goals of restoring, protecting, and enhancing
environmental quality, and to assure public
health and safety.
(b) Necessity of establishing Energy Research
and Development Administration
The Congress finds that, to best achieve these
objectives, improve Government operations, and
assure the coordinated and effective d
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 5801
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