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22 U.S.C. § 10101 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) **Foreign person** — The term “foreign person” has the meaning given that term in section 595.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the day before December 23, 2016).
(2) **Gross violations of internationally recognized human rights** — The term “gross violations of internationally recognized human rights” has the meaning given that term in [section 2304(d)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2304/d/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Person** — The term “person” has the meaning given that term in section 591.308 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the day before December 23, 2016).
(4) **United States person** — The term “United States person” has the meaning given that term in section 595.315 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the day before December 23, 2016).
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_d45d478e25c87e0122cfad71
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-10101-definitions--6ac3a5fe98.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 108, § 10101; chapter-108-global-magnitsky-human-rights-accountability.md
Stored source content
In this chapter:
(1) **Foreign person** — The term “foreign person” has the meaning given that term in section 595.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the day before December 23, 2016).
(2) **Gross violations of internationally recognized human rights** — The term “gross violations of internationally recognized human rights” has the meaning given that term in [section 2304(d)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2304/d/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Person** — The term “person” has the meaning given that term in section 591.308 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the day before December 23, 2016).
(4) **United States person** — The term “United States person” has the meaning given that term in section 595.315 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the day before December 23, 2016).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Secretary of State shall perform such duties as shall from time to time be enjoined on or intrusted to him by the President relative to correspondences, commissions, or instructions to or with public ministers or consuls from the United States, or to negotiations with public ministers from foreign states or princes, or to memorials or other applications from foreign public ministers or other foreigners, or to such other matters respecting foreign affairs as the President of the United States shall assign to the Department, and he shall conduct the business of the Department in such manner as the President shall direct.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2656
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, should evaluate whether there are foreign persons engaged in significant corruption for the purposes of potential imposition of sanctions under the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public Law 114–328; [22 U.S.C. 10101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section10101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.)—
(1) in all countries identified pursuant to [section 10502(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section10502/b&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(2) in relation to the planning or construction or any operation of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline.
**(b) Report required** Not later than 180 days after providing the list required by [section 10502(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section10502/b&num=0&edition=prelim), and annually thereafter, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that includes—
(1) a list of foreign persons with respect to which the President imposed sanctions pursuant to the evaluation under subsection (a);
(2) the dates on which such sanctions were imposed;
(3) the reasons for imposing such sanctions; and
(4) a list of all foreign persons that have engaged in significant corruption in relation to the planning, construction, or operation of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline.
**(c) Form of report** Each report required by subsection (b) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
**(d) Briefing in lieu of report** The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, may, instead of submitting a writ
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 10504
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(a) United States development cooperation policy
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2151
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The right to freedom of religion undergirds the very origin and existence of the United States. Many of our Nation’s founders fled religious persecution abroad, cherishing in their hearts and minds the ideal of religious freedom. They established in law, as a fundamental right and as a pillar of our Nation, the right to freedom of religion. From its birth to this day, the United States has prized this legacy of religious freedom and honored this heritage by standing for religious freedom and offering refuge to those suffering religious persecution.
(2) Freedom of religious belief and practice is a universal human right and fundamental freedom articulated in numerous international instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Helsinki Accords, the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, the United Nations Charter, and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
(3) Article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognizes that “Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. This right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.”. Article 18(1) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights recognizes that “Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6411
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds the following:
(1) In 1980, the United States opened trade relations with the People’s Republic of China by entering into a bilateral trade agreement, which was approved by joint resolution enacted pursuant to [section 2435(c) of title 19](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2435/c&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) Since 1980, the President has consistently extended nondiscriminatory treatment to products of the People’s Republic of China, pursuant to his authority under [section 2434 of title 19](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2434&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) Since 1980, the United States has entered into several additional trade-related agreements with the People’s Republic of China, including a memorandum of understanding on market access in 1992, two agreements on intellectual property rights protection in 1992 and 1995, and an agreement on agricultural cooperation in 1999.
(4) Trade in goods between the People’s Republic of China and the United States totaled almost $95,000,000,000 in 1999, compared with approximately $18,000,000,000 in 1989, representing growth of approximately 428 percent over 10 years.
(5) The United States merchandise trade deficit with the People’s Republic of China has grown from approximately $6,000,000,000 in 1989 to over $68,000,000,000 in 1999, a growth of over 1,000 percent.
(6) The People’s Republic of China currently restricts imports through relatively high tariffs and nontariff barriers, including import licensing, technology transfer, and local content requirements.
(7) United States businesses attempting to sell goods to markets in the People’s Republic of China have complained of uneven application of tariffs, customs procedures,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6901
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Statement of policy** It is the policy of the United States that—
(1) the Islamic Republic of Iran should allow the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran unimpeded access to facilitate the full implementation of the mandate of the United Nations Special Rapporteur, including—
(A) investigating alleged violations of human rights that are occurring or have occurred both within prisons and elsewhere;
(B) transmitting urgent appeals and letters to the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding alleged violations of human rights; and
(C) engaging with relevant stakeholders in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the surrounding region;
(2) the Islamic Republic of Iran should immediately end violations of the human rights of political prisoners or persons imprisoned for exercising the right to freedom of speech, including—
(A) torture;
(B) denial of access to health care; and
(C) denial of a fair trial;
(3) all prisoners of conscience and political prisoners in the Islamic Republic of Iran should be unconditionally and immediately released;
(4) all diplomatic tools of the United States should be invoked to ensure that all prisoners of conscience and political prisoners in the Islamic Republic of Iran are released, including raising individual cases of particular concern; and
(5) all officials of the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran who are responsible for human rights abuses in the form of politically motivated imprisonment should be held to account, including through the imposition of sanctions pursuant to the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act ([22 U.S.C. 10101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section10101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.)
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 8771
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the sense of Congress that—
(1) the Government of the Russian Federation bears responsibility for the continuing violence in Eastern Ukraine, including the death on April 24, 2017, of Joseph Stone, a citizen of the United States working as a monitor for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe;
(2) the President should call on the Government of the Russian Federation—
(A) to withdraw all of its forces from the territories of Georgia, Ukraine, and Moldova;
(B) to return control of the borders of those territories to their respective governments; and
(C) to cease all efforts to undermine the popularly elected governments of those countries;
(3) the Government of the Russian Federation has applied, and continues to apply, to the countries and peoples of Georgia and Ukraine, traditional uses of force, intelligence operations, and influence campaigns, which represent clear and present threats to the countries of Europe and Eurasia;
(4) in response, the countries of Europe and Eurasia should redouble efforts to build resilience within their institutions, political systems, and civil societies;
(5) the United States supports the institutions that the Government of the Russian Federation seeks to undermine, including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Union;
(6) a strong North Atlantic Treaty Organization is critical to maintaining peace and security in Europe and Eurasia;
(7) the United States should continue to work with the European Union as a partner against aggression by the Government of the Russian Federation, coordinating aid programs, development assistance, and other counter-Russian efforts;
(8) the United States should encourage the establishment of a commission for media freedom within the Council of Europe
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 9542
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any authority granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.
**(b)** The authorities granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 1701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2317
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 10101
(c) Report on sanctions pursuant to Executive
Order No. 13400
Not later than 180 days after January 1, 2021,
the President shall submit a report to the appro-
priate congressional committees that identifies
the senior Sudanese government officials that
President determines meet the criteria to be
sanctionable pursuant to Executive Order No.
13400 (71 Fed. Reg. 25483; relating to blocking
property of persons in connection with the con-
flict in Sudan’s Darfur region).
(d) Form
The reports required under subsections (b) and
(c) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but
may include a classified annex.
(Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, § 1270B, Jan. 1,
2021, 134 Stat. 3975.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Executive Order No. 13400, referred to in subsec. (c),
is Ex. Ord. No. 13400, Apr. 26, 2006, 71 F.R. 25483, which
is listed in a table under section 1701 of Title 50, War
and National Defense.
§ 10012. United States strategy for support to a
civilian-led government in Sudan
(a) In general
Not later than 180 days after January 1, 2021,
the Secretary of State, in coordination with the
Administrator of the United States Agency for
International Development and the Secretary of
the Treasury, shall submit a strategy to the ap-
propriate congressional committees that in-
cludes—
(1) a clear articulation of specific United
States goals and objectives with respect to a
successful completion of the transitional pe-
riod and a plan to achieve such goals and ob-
jectives;
(2) a description of assistance and diplomatic
engagement to support a civilian-led govern-
ment in Sudan for the remainder of the transi-
tional period, including any possible support
for the organization of free,
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 10101
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