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15 U.S.C. § 1411 to 1420 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1394, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 105, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 720, related to judicial review of orders establishing standards, presentation of additional evidence before Secretary, and certified copy of transcript of record. See sections 30103 and 30161 of Title 49, Transportation.
Section 1395, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 106, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 721, related to research, testing, development, and training in traffic and vehicle safety.
Section 1396, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 107, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 721, related to cooperation of Secretary with governmental and private agencies in developing motor vehicle safety standards and methods for determining compliance with such standards. See sections 30111 and 30166 of Title 49.
Section 1397, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 108, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 722; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 103(a), title II, § 203, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1477, 1485; Pub. L. 100–562, § 2(a)–(d), Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2818, 2824, prohibited manufacture, sale, delivery, or importation of substandard vehicles and rendering inoperative certain devices, elements of design, or motor vehicle equipment. See sections 30103, 30112, 30114, 30115, 30117 to 30122, 30125, 30126, 30141 to 30147, 30166, and 30167 of Title 49.
Section 1398, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 109, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 723; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 103(b), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1478, related to civil penalties for violations of former [section 1397 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1397&num=0&edition=prelim) and Secretary’s authority to compromise such penalties. See [section 30165 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30165&num=0&edition=
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1411 to 1420
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-1411-to-1420-15-u-s-c-1411-to-1420-repealed-pub-l-103272-7-b-july-5-1994-108-stat-137--501739de7b.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 38, § 1411 to 1420; chapter-038-traffic-and-motor-vehicle-safety.md
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### Statutory Notes
Section 1394, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 105, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 720, related to judicial review of orders establishing standards, presentation of additional evidence before Secretary, and certified copy of transcript of record. See sections 30103 and 30161 of Title 49, Transportation.
Section 1395, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 106, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 721, related to research, testing, development, and training in traffic and vehicle safety.
Section 1396, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 107, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 721, related to cooperation of Secretary with governmental and private agencies in developing motor vehicle safety standards and methods for determining compliance with such standards. See sections 30111 and 30166 of Title 49.
Section 1397, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 108, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 722; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 103(a), title II, § 203, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1477, 1485; Pub. L. 100–562, § 2(a)–(d), Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2818, 2824, prohibited manufacture, sale, delivery, or importation of substandard vehicles and rendering inoperative certain devices, elements of design, or motor vehicle equipment. See sections 30103, 30112, 30114, 30115, 30117 to 30122, 30125, 30126, 30141 to 30147, 30166, and 30167 of Title 49.
Section 1398, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 109, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 723; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 103(b), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1478, related to civil penalties for violations of former [section 1397 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1397&num=0&edition=prelim) and Secretary’s authority to compromise such penalties. See [section 30165 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30165&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1399, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 110, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 723; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, §§ 102(b)(2), 103(c), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1477, 1478, related to jurisdiction of United States district courts for injunctive relief for violations of this subchapter, criminal contempt proceedings, venue, subpoenas, and designation of agent for service of process. See sections 30163 to 30165 of Title 49.
Section 1400, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 111, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 724, required manufacturer or distributor to repurchase or repair motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment not in compliance with safety standards and provided for civil action against manufacturer or distributor refusing to repurchase or repair. See [section 30116 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30116&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1401, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 112, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 725; Pub. L. 91–265, § 3, May 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 262; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 104, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1478, related to inspections and investigations for enforcement of this subchapter and of motor vehicle accidents. See sections 30117, 30166, and 30167 of Title 49.
Section 1402, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 113, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 105, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1480, required manufacturer opposing action of Secretary under this chapter on ground of increased cost to submit cost information necessary to evaluation of manufacturer’s statement. See [section 30167 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30167&num=0&edition=prelim).
A prior section 1402, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 113, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 725; Pub. L. 91–265, § 4(a)–(c), May 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 262, related to discovery of defects by manufacturer, prior to repeal by section 102(a) of Pub. L. 93–492 effective on sixtieth day after Oct. 27, 1974.
Section 1403, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 114, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 726, related to certification of conformity with motor vehicle safety standards and form and placement of certification. See [section 30115 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30115&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1404, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 115, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 727, as amended by Pub. L. 89–670, §§ 3(f)(1), 8(i), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 931, 943, and Pub. L. 90–83, § 10(b), Sept. 11, 1967, 81 Stat. 224, authorized Secretary of Transportation to carry out the provisions of this chapter through a National Traffic Safety Bureau, headed by a Traffic Safety Director.
Section 1405, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 116, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 727, related to effect of this chapter on antitrust laws of the United States. See [section 30103 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30103&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1406, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 118, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 728, required Secretary, in exercising authority under this subchapter, to utilize services, research, and testing facilities of public agencies to maximum extent practicable.
Section 1407, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 119, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 728, authorized Secretary to issue, amend, and revoke such rules and regulations as Secretary deemed necessary to carry out this subchapter.
Section 1408, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 120, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 728; Pub. L. 91–265, § 5, May 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 263; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 110(b), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1484, related to annual report to Congress. See [section 30169 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30169&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1409, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 121, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 728; Pub. L. 91–265, § 1, May 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 262; Pub. L. 92–548, § 2, Oct. 25, 1972, 86 Stat. 1159; Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 101, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1470; Pub. L. 94–346, § 1, July 8, 1976, 90 Stat. 815; Pub. L. 97–331, § 2(a), Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1619, authorized appropriations to carry out this chapter for fiscal years 1983, 1984, and 1985.
Section 1410, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 123, as added Pub. L. 90–283, Apr. 10, 1968, 82 Stat. 72; amended Pub. L. 92–548, § 3, Oct. 25, 1972, 86 Stat. 1159, related to exemption from safety standards of motor vehicles. See [section 30113 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30113&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1410a, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 124, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 106, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1481, related to petitions of interested persons to commence proceedings on orders issued under sections 1392 and 1412(b) of this title. See sections 30103 and 30162 of Title 49.
Section 1410b, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 125, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 109, Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1482; amended S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977; H. Res. 549, Mar. 25, 1980, related to occupant restraint systems. See [section 30124 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30124&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Actions Required of Manufacturers and Distributors.—** If, after a manufacturer or distributor sells a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment to a distributor or dealer and before the distributor or dealer sells the vehicle or equipment, it is decided that the vehicle or equipment contains a defect related to motor vehicle safety or does not comply with applicable motor vehicle safety standards prescribed under this chapter—
(1) the manufacturer or distributor immediately shall repurchase the vehicle or equipment at the price paid by the distributor or dealer, plus transportation charges and reasonable reimbursement of at least one percent a month of the price paid prorated from the date of notice of noncompliance or defect to the date of repurchase; or
(2) if a vehicle, the manufacturer or distributor immediately shall give to the distributor or dealer at the manufacturer’s or distributor’s own expense, the part or equipment needed to make the vehicle comply with the standards or correct the defect.
**(b) Distributor or Dealer Installation.—** The distributor or dealer shall install the part or equipment referred to in subsection (a)(2) of this section. If the distributor or dealer installs the part or equipment with reasonable diligence after it is received, the manufacturer shall reimburse the distributor or dealer for the reasonable value of the installation and a reasonable reimbursement of at least one percent a month of the manufacturer’s or distributor’s selling price prorated from the date of notice of noncompliance or defect to the date the motor vehicle complies with applicable motor vehicle safety standards prescribed under this chapter or the defect is corrected.
**(c) Establishing Amount Due and Civil Actions.—** The parties shall establish the
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30116
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Confidentiality of Information.—** Information obtained under this chapter related to a confidential matter referred to in [section 1905 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1905&num=0&edition=prelim) may be disclosed only in the following ways:
(1) to other officers and employees carrying out this chapter.
(2) when relevant to a proceeding under this chapter.
(3) to the public if the confidentiality of the information is preserved.
(4) to the public when the Secretary of Transportation decides that disclosure is necessary to carry out [section 30101 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30101&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Defect and Noncompliance Information.—** Subject to subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall disclose information obtained under this chapter related to a defect or noncompliance that the Secretary decides will assist in carrying out sections 30117(b) and 30118–30121 of this title or that is required to be disclosed under [section 30118(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30118/a&num=0&edition=prelim). A requirement to disclose information under this subsection is in addition to the requirements of [section 552 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section552&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Information About Manufacturer’s Increased Costs.—** A manufacturer opposing an action of the Secretary under this chapter because of increased cost shall submit to the Secretary information about the increased cost, including the manufacturer’s cost and the cost to retail purchasers, that allows the public and the Secretary to evaluate the manu
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30167
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Civil Penalties.—**
(1) **In general.—** — A person that violates any of section 30112, 30115, 30117 through 30122, 30123(a), 30125(c), 30127, 30141 through 30147, or 31137, or a regulation prescribed thereunder, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $21,000 for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure or refusal to allow or perform an act required by any of those sections. The maximum penalty under this subsection for a related series of violations is $105,000,000.
(2) **School buses.—**
(A) *In general.—* — Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the maximum amount of a civil penalty under this paragraph shall be $10,000 in the case of—
(i) the manufacture, sale, offer for sale, introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce, or importation of a school bus or school bus equipment (as those terms are defined in [section 30125(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30125/a&num=0&edition=prelim)) in violation of [section 30112(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30112/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(ii) a violation of [section 30112(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30112/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim).
(B) *Related series of violations.—* — A separate violation occurs for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure or refusal to allow or perform an act required by that section. The maximum penalty under this paragraph for a related series of violations is $15,000,000.
(3) **Section 30166.—** — Except as provided i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30165
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Uniformity of Regulations.—** The Secretary of Transportation may not prescribe a safety regulation related to a motor vehicle subject to subchapter I of chapter 135 of this title that differs from a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter. However, the Secretary may prescribe, for a motor vehicle operated by a carrier subject to subchapter I of chapter 135, a safety regulation that imposes a higher standard of performance after manufacture than that required by an applicable standard in effect at the time of manufacture.
**(b) Preemption.—**
(1) When a motor vehicle safety standard is in effect under this chapter, a State or a political subdivision of a State may prescribe or continue in effect a standard applicable to the same aspect of performance of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment only if the standard is identical to the standard prescribed under this chapter. However, the United States Government, a State, or a political subdivision of a State may prescribe a standard for a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment obtained for its own use that imposes a higher performance requirement than that required by the otherwise applicable standard under this chapter.
(2) A State may enforce a standard that is identical to a standard prescribed under this chapter.
**(c) Antitrust Laws.—** This chapter does not—
(1) exempt from the antitrust laws conduct that is unlawful under those laws; or
(2) prohibit under the antitrust laws conduct that is lawful under those laws.
**(d) Warranty Obligations and Additional Legal Rights and Remedies.—** Sections 30117(b), 30118–30121, 30166(f), and 30167(a) and (b) of this title do not establish or affect a warranty obligation under a law of the United States or a State. A remedy under those sect
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30103
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** A manufacturer or distributor of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment shall certify to the distributor or dealer at delivery that the vehicle or equipment complies with applicable motor vehicle safety standards prescribed under this chapter. A person may not issue the certificate if, in exercising reasonable care, the person has reason to know the certificate is false or misleading in a material respect. Certification of a vehicle must be shown by a label or tag permanently fixed to the vehicle. Certification of equipment may be shown by a label or tag on the equipment or on the outside of the container in which the equipment is delivered.
**(b) Certification Label.—** In the case of the certification label affixed by an intermediate or final stage manufacturer of a motor vehicle built in more than 1 stage, each intermediate or final stage manufacturer shall certify with respect to each applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standard—
(1) that it has complied with the specifications set forth in the compliance documentation provided by the incomplete motor vehicle manufacturer in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary; or
(2) that it has elected to assume responsibility for compliance with that standard.
If the intermediate or final stage manufacturer elects to assume responsibility for compliance with the standard covered by the documentation provided by an incomplete motor vehicle manufacturer, the intermediate or final stage manufacturer shall notify the incomplete motor vehicle manufacturer in writing within a reasonable time of affixing the certification label. A violation of this subsection shall not be subject to a civil penalty under section 30165.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30115
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
A motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter may not require a manufacturer to comply with the standard by using a safety belt interlock designed to prevent starting or operating a motor vehicle if an occupant is not using a safety belt.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30124
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition.—** In this section, “low-emission motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle meeting the standards for new motor vehicles applicable to the vehicle under section 202 of the Clean Air Act ([42 U.S.C. 7521](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7521&num=0&edition=prelim)) when the vehicle is manufactured and emitting an air pollutant in an amount significantly below one of those standards.
**(b) Authority To Exempt and Procedures.—**
(1) The Secretary of Transportation may exempt, on a temporary basis, motor vehicles from a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter or passenger motor vehicles from a bumper standard prescribed under chapter 325 of this title, on terms the Secretary considers appropriate. An exemption may be renewed. A renewal may be granted only on reapplication and must conform to the requirements of this subsection.
(2) The Secretary may begin a proceeding under this subsection when a manufacturer applies for an exemption or a renewal of an exemption. The Secretary shall publish notice of the application and provide an opportunity to comment. An application for an exemption or for a renewal of an exemption shall be filed at a time and in the way, and contain information, this section and the Secretary require.
(3) The Secretary may act under this subsection on finding that—
(A) an exemption is consistent with the public interest and this chapter or chapter 325 of this title (as applicable); and
(B)
(i) compliance with the standard would cause substantial economic hardship to a manufacturer that has tried to comply with the standard in good faith;
(ii) the exemption would make easier the development or field evaluation of a new motor vehicle safety feature providing a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30113
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Report.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall submit to the President to submit to Congress on July 1 of each year a report on the administration of this chapter for the prior calendar year. The report shall include—
(1) a thorough statistical compilation of accidents and injuries;
(2) motor vehicle safety standards in effect or prescribed under this chapter;
(3) the degree of observance of the standards;
(4) a summary of current research grants and contracts and a description of the problems to be considered under those grants and contracts;
(5) an analysis and evaluation of research activities completed and technological progress achieved;
(6) enforcement actions;
(7) the extent to which technical information was given the scientific community and consumer-oriented information was made available to the public; and
(8) recommendations for legislation needed to promote cooperation among the States in improving traffic safety and strengthening the national traffic safety program.
**(b) Report on Importing Motor Vehicles.—** Not later than 18 months after regulations are first prescribed under section 2(e)(1)(B) of the Imported Vehicle Safety Compliance Act of 1988, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report of the actions taken to carry out subchapter III of this chapter and the effectiveness of those actions, including any testing by the Secretary under [section 30146(c)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30146/c/2&num=0&edition=prelim). After the first report, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress under this subsection not later than July 31 of each year.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30169
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