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7 U.S.C. § 5201 — Findings
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Congress finds that—
(1) United States agricultural exports have declined by more than 36 percent since 1981, from $43,800,000,000 in 1981 to $27,900,000,000 in 1987;
(2) the United States share of the world market for agricultural commodities and products has dropped by 20 percent during the last 6 years;
(3) for the first time in 15 years, the United States incurred monthly agricultural trade deficits in 1986;
(4) the loss of $1,000,000,000 in United States agricultural exports causes the loss of 35,000 agricultural jobs and the loss of 60,000 nonagricultural jobs;
(5) the loss of agricultural exports threatens family farms and the economic well-being of rural communities in the United States;
(6) factors contributing to the loss of United States agricultural exports include changes in world agricultural markets such as—
(A) the addition of new exporting nations;
(B) innovations in agricultural technology;
(C) increased use of export subsidies designed to lower the price of commodities on the world market;
(D) the existence of barriers to agricultural trade;
(E) the slowdown in the growth of world food demand in the 1980’s due to cyclical economic factors, including currency fluctuations and a debt-related slowdown in the economic growth of agricultural markets in certain developing countries; and
(F) the rapid buildup of surplus stocks as a consequence of favorable weather for agricultural production during the 1980’s;
(7) increasing the volume and value of exports is important to the financial well-being of the farm sector in the United States and to increasing farm income in the United States;
(8) in order to increase agricultural exports and improve prices for farmers and ranchers in the United States, it is necessary that all agricultura
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Source location: Title 7, Chapter 83, § 5201; chapter-083-agricultural-competitiveness-and-trade.md
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Congress finds that—
(1) United States agricultural exports have declined by more than 36 percent since 1981, from $43,800,000,000 in 1981 to $27,900,000,000 in 1987;
(2) the United States share of the world market for agricultural commodities and products has dropped by 20 percent during the last 6 years;
(3) for the first time in 15 years, the United States incurred monthly agricultural trade deficits in 1986;
(4) the loss of $1,000,000,000 in United States agricultural exports causes the loss of 35,000 agricultural jobs and the loss of 60,000 nonagricultural jobs;
(5) the loss of agricultural exports threatens family farms and the economic well-being of rural communities in the United States;
(6) factors contributing to the loss of United States agricultural exports include changes in world agricultural markets such as—
(A) the addition of new exporting nations;
(B) innovations in agricultural technology;
(C) increased use of export subsidies designed to lower the price of commodities on the world market;
(D) the existence of barriers to agricultural trade;
(E) the slowdown in the growth of world food demand in the 1980’s due to cyclical economic factors, including currency fluctuations and a debt-related slowdown in the economic growth of agricultural markets in certain developing countries; and
(F) the rapid buildup of surplus stocks as a consequence of favorable weather for agricultural production during the 1980’s;
(7) increasing the volume and value of exports is important to the financial well-being of the farm sector in the United States and to increasing farm income in the United States;
(8) in order to increase agricultural exports and improve prices for farmers and ranchers in the United States, it is necessary that all agricultural export programs of the United States be used in an expeditious manner, including programs established under the Food for Peace Act ([7 U.S.C. 1691](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1691&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act ([15 U.S.C. 714](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section714&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), and section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 ([7 U.S.C. 1431](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim));
(9) greater use should be made by the Secretary of Agriculture of the authorities established under section 4 11 See References in Text note below. of the Food for Peace Act of 1966 ([7 U.S.C. 1707a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1707a&num=0&edition=prelim)), the Food for Peace Act ([7 U.S.C. 1691](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1691&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 ([7 U.S.C. 1431](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim)), and the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act ([15 U.S.C. 714](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section714&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) to provide intermediate credit financing and other assistance for the establishment of facilities in importing countries to—
(A) improve the handling, marketing, processing, storage, and distribution of imported agricultural commodities and products; and
(B) increase livestock production to enhance the demand for United States feed grains;
(10) food aid and export assistance programs in developing countries stimulate economic activity which causes incomes to rise, and, as incomes rise, diets improve and the demand for and ability to purchase food increases;
(11) private voluntary organizations and cooperatives are important and successful partners in our food aid and development programs; and
(12) in addition to meeting humanitarian needs, food aid used in sales and barter programs by private voluntary organizations and cooperatives—
(A) provides communities with health care, credit systems, and tools for development; and
(B) establishes the infrastructure that is essential to the expansion of markets for United States agricultural commodities and products.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Notice of negotiations** The Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury shall, in every feasible instance, notify the designated congressional committees not less than 15 days prior to any formal negotiation for debt relief under this subchapter.
**(b) Transmittal of text of agreements** The Secretary of State shall transmit to the designated congressional committees a copy of the text of any agreement with any foreign government which would result in any debt relief under this subchapter no less than 30 days prior to its entry into force, together with a detailed justification of the interest of the United States in the proposed debt relief.
**(c) Annual report** The Secretary of State or the Secretary of the Treasury, as appropriate, shall submit to the designated congressional committees not later than February 1 of each year a consolidated statement of the budgetary implications of all debt relief agreements entered into force under this subchapter during the preceding fiscal year.
**(d) Designated congressional committees** As used in this section, the term “designated congressional committees” means the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1691
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### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 95–313, § 18, formerly § 15, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title IV, § 4403, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1400; renumbered § 18, Pub. L. 101–624, title XII, § 1215(1), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3525, related to the establishment of a cooperative national forest products marketing program.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 99–198, title I, § 153, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1377; Pub. L. 100–418, title IV, § 4308, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 1399; Pub. L. 100–435, title I, § 106, Sept. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1651; Pub. L. 101–624, title I, § 114, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3380; Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 411(b), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4963; Pub. L. 104–127, title I, § 148, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 920; Pub. L. 107–171, title I, § 1503(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 207; Pub. L. 110–234, title I, § 1503, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 992; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title I, § 1503, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1721, related to the dairy export incentive program.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of stabilizing, supporting, and protecting farm income and prices, of assisting in the maintenance of balanced and adequate supplies of agricultural commodities, products thereof, foods, feeds, and fibers (hereinafter collectively referred to as “agricultural commodities”), and of facilitating the orderly distribution of agricultural commodities, there is created a body corporate to be known as Commodity Credit Corporation (hereinafter referred to as the “Corporation”), which shall be an agency and instrumentality of the United States, within the Department of Agriculture, subject to the general supervision and direction of the Secretary of Agriculture (hereinafter referred to as the “Secretary”).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Adulteration or misbranding prohibition; compliance with inspection, building construction standards, and other provisions; humane methods of slaughter; treatment as domestic articles subject to this chapter and food, drug, and cosmetic provisions; marking and labeling; personal consumption exemption** No carcasses, parts of carcasses, meat or meat food products of cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, or other equines which are capable of use as human food, shall be imported into the United States if such articles are adulterated or misbranded and unless they comply with all the inspection, building, construction standards, and all other provisions of this chapter and regulations issued thereunder applicable to such articles in commerce within the United States. No such carcasses, parts of carcasses, meat or meat food products shall be imported into the United States unless the livestock from which they were produced was slaughtered and handled in connection with slaughter in accordance with the Act of August 27, 1958 (72 Stat. 862; [7 U.S.C. 1901–190](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1901–190&num=0&edition=prelim)6). All such imported articles shall, upon entry into the United States, be deemed and treated as domestic articles subject to the other provisions of this chapter and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [[21 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]: Provided, That they shall be marked and labeled as required by such regulations for imported articles: Provided further, That nothing in this section shall apply to any individual who purchases meat or meat products outside the United States for his own consumption except th
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1705, acts July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title I, § 105, 68 Stat. 457; Dec. 16, 1963, Pub. L. 88–205, pt. IV, § 403(b), 77 Stat. 390; Nov. 11, 1966, Pub. L. 89–808, § 2(B), 80 Stat. 1532; Dec. 23, 1985, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, § 1111(e), 99 Stat. 1475; Nov. 28, 1990, Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1512, 104 Stat. 3636, set out congressional declaration of policy with regard to value-added foods.
Section 1706, Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1517, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3664, related to debt-for-health-and-protection swap.
A prior section 1706, acts July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title I, § 106, 68 Stat. 457; Aug. 12, 1955, ch. 873, § 2, 69 Stat. 721; Aug. 8, 1961, Pub. L. 87–128, title II, § 201(4), 75 Stat. 307; Dec. 16, 1963, Pub. L. 88–205, pt. IV, § 403 (c)(1), 77 Stat. 390; Nov. 11, 1966, Pub. L. 89–808, § 2(B), 80 Stat. 1532; Dec. 20, 1975, Pub. L. 94–161, title II, § 205, 89 Stat. 852; Aug. 3, 1977, Pub. L. 95–88, title II, § 211(b)(2), 91 Stat. 551; Oct. 6, 1978, Pub. L. 95–424, title I, § 102(b)(2)(C), 92 Stat. 941; Dec. 29, 1981, Pub. L. 97–113, title IV, § 401(6), 95 Stat. 1537; Dec. 23, 1985, Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, § 1111(f), (g), 99 Stat. 1475, related to payments for commodities and use of proceeds prior to the general revision of this chapter by Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3633.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Eligible recipients; barter; estimates; reprocessing and other charges** In order to prevent the waste of commodities whether in private stocks or acquired through price-support operations by the Commodity Credit Corporation before they can be disposed of in normal domestic channels without impairment of the price-support program or sold abroad at competitive world prices, the Commodity Credit Corporation is authorized, on such terms and under such regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture may deem in the public interest: (1) upon application, to make such commodities available to any Federal agency for use in making payment for commodities not produced in the United States; (2) to barter or exchange such commodities for strategic or other materials as authorized by law; (3) in the case of food commodities to donate such commodities to the Bureau of Indian Affairs and to such State, Federal, or private agency or agencies as may be designated by the proper State or Federal authority and approved by the Secretary, for use in the United States in nonprofit school-lunch programs, in nonprofit summer camps for children, in the assistance of needy persons, and in charitable institutions, including hospitals and facilities, to the extent that they serve needy persons (including infants and children). In the case of clause (3) the Secretary shall obtain such assurance as he deems necessary that the recipients thereof will not diminish their normal expenditures for food by reason of such donation. In order to facilitate the appropriate disposal of such commodities, the Secretary may from time to time estimate and announce the quantity of such commodities which he anticipates will become available for distribution under clause (3). The Commodity Credit Corporation may pay
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given the term in [section 5602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher** — The term “geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher” has the meaning given the term in section 10906(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 ([7 U.S.C. 2204](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2204&num=0&edition=prelim) note; Public Law 107–171).
**(b) Authorization** Subject to the availability of funds under subsection (d), the Secretary may provide geographically disadvantaged farmers or ranchers direct reimbursement payments for activities described in subsection (c).
**(c) Transportation**
(1) **In general** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may provide direct reimbursement payments to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher to transport an agricultural commodity, or inputs used to produce an agricultural commodity, during a fiscal year.
(2) **Proof of eligibility** — To be eligible to receive assistance under paragraph (1), a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher shall demonstrate to the Secretary that transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs occurred over a distance of more than 30 miles, as determined by the Secretary.
(3) **Amount**
(A) *In general* — Subject to paragraph (2), the amount of direct reimbursement payments made to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher under this section for a fiscal year shall equal the product obtained by multiplying—
(i) the amount of costs incurred by the geographically di
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Data management systems**
(1) Not later than 480 days after August 23, 1988, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall place in effect computerized data management systems for the Food and Drug Administration under which the Administration will—
(A) record, summarize, and evaluate the results of its program for monitoring food products for pesticide residues,
(B) identify gaps in its pesticide monitoring program in the monitoring of (i) pesticides, (ii) food products, and (iii) food from specific countries and from domestic sources,
(C) detect trends in the presence of pesticide residues in food products and identify public health problems emerging from the occurrence of pesticide residues in food products,
(D) focus its testing resources for monitoring pesticide residues in food on detecting those residues which pose a public health concern,
(E) prepare summaries of the information listed in subsection (b), and
(F) provide information to assist the Environmental Protection Agency in carrying out its responsibilities under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act [[7 U.S.C. 136](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section136&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [[21 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(2) As soon as practicable, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall develop a means to enable the computerized data management systems placed into effect under paragraph (1) to make the summary described in subsection (c).
(3)
(A) Paragraph (1) does not limit the authority of the Food and Drug Administration to—
(i) use the computerized data management
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1171
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 714
for carrying out Public Law 84, Eightieth Con-
gress, or from any funds made available by the
Congress for interim foreign aid. Funds made
available for the purpose of this section may be
used for necessary administrative expenses, in-
cluding personal services in the District of Co-
lumbia and elsewhere, purchase or hire of motor
vehicles, temporary or intermittent services of
experts or consultants or organizations thereof,
including stenographic reporting services, by
contract, without regard to the civil service and
classification laws (the compensation of any
such individual not to exceed $50 per day). Funds
made available for the purposes of this section
may be allotted for any of the purposes of this
section to any department, agency, or inde-
pendent establishment of the Government, or
transferred to any other agency requested to as-
sist in carrying out this section. Funds allotted
to any department, agency, or independent es-
tablishment of the Government shall be avail-
able for obligation and expenditure in accord-
ance with the laws governing obligations and ex-
penditures of the department, agency, or inde-
pendent establishment, or organizational unit
thereof concerned, and without regard to section
6101 of title 41 and section 3324(a) and (b) of title
31.
(Dec. 30, 1947, ch. 526, § 8, 61 Stat. 947.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Public Law 84, Eightieth Congress, referred to in sub-
sec. (b), is act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, 61 Stat. 125, which
was classified generally to chapter 17 (§ 1411 et seq.) of
Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and was re-
pealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a)(2), 68
Stat. 861. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see
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