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22 U.S.C. § 2391 — Missions and staffs abroad
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization** The President may maintain special missions or staffs outside the United States in such countries and for such periods of time as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter. Each such special mission or staff shall be under the direction of a chief.
**(b) Appointment of mission chief and deputy; compensation** The chief and his deputy of each special mission or staff carrying out the purposes of subchapter I of this chapter shall be appointed by the President, and may, notwithstanding any other law, be removed by the President at his discretion. Such chief shall be entitled to receive such compensation and allowances as are authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [[22 U.S.C. 3901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], not to exceed those authorized for a chief of mission (as defined in section 102(a)(3) 11 See References in Text note below. of that Act [[22 U.S.C. 3902(a)(3)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3902/a/3&num=0&edition=prelim)]), as the President shall determine to be appropriate.
**(c) Appointment of Chairman of Development Assistance Committee; compensation** The President may appoint any United States citizen who is not an employee of the United States Government or may assign any United States citizen who is a United States Government employee to serve as Chairman of the Development Assistance Committee or any successor committee thereto of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development upon election thereto by members of said Committee, and, in his discretion, may terminate such appointment or assignment, notwithstanding any other provision of law. Such person may receive such comp
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-2391-missions-and-staffs-abroad--50143e363f.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 32, § 2391; chapter-032-foreign-assistance.md
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**(a) Authorization** The President may maintain special missions or staffs outside the United States in such countries and for such periods of time as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this chapter. Each such special mission or staff shall be under the direction of a chief.
**(b) Appointment of mission chief and deputy; compensation** The chief and his deputy of each special mission or staff carrying out the purposes of subchapter I of this chapter shall be appointed by the President, and may, notwithstanding any other law, be removed by the President at his discretion. Such chief shall be entitled to receive such compensation and allowances as are authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [[22 U.S.C. 3901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], not to exceed those authorized for a chief of mission (as defined in section 102(a)(3) 11 See References in Text note below. of that Act [[22 U.S.C. 3902(a)(3)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3902/a/3&num=0&edition=prelim)]), as the President shall determine to be appropriate.
**(c) Appointment of Chairman of Development Assistance Committee; compensation** The President may appoint any United States citizen who is not an employee of the United States Government or may assign any United States citizen who is a United States Government employee to serve as Chairman of the Development Assistance Committee or any successor committee thereto of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development upon election thereto by members of said Committee, and, in his discretion, may terminate such appointment or assignment, notwithstanding any other provision of law. Such person may receive such compensation and allowances as are authorized by the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [[22 U.S.C. 3901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], not to exceed those authorized for a chief of mission (as defined in section 102(a)(3) 1 of that Act [[22 U.S.C. 3902(a)(3)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3902/a/3&num=0&edition=prelim)]), as the President shall determine to be appropriate. Such person (if not a United States Government employee who is assigned to serve as Chairman) shall be deemed to be an employee of the United States Government for purposes of chapters 81, 83, 87, and 89 of title 5. Such person may also, in the President’s discretion, receive any other benefits and perquisites available under this chapter to chiefs of special missions or staffs outside the United States established under this section.
**(d) Administration of assistance** Wherever practicable, especially in the case of the smaller programs, assistance under subchapter I of this chapter shall be administered under the direction of the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission by the principal economic officer of the mission.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress finds that—
(1) a career foreign service, characterized by excellence and professionalism, is essential in the national interest to assist the President and the Secretary of State in conducting the foreign affairs of the United States;
(2) the scope and complexity of the foreign affairs of the Nation have heightened the need for a professional foreign service that will serve the foreign affairs interests of the United States in an integrated fashion and that can provide a resource of qualified personnel for the President, the Secretary of State, and the agencies concerned with foreign affairs;
(3) the Foreign Service of the United States, established under the Act of May 24, 1924 (commonly known as the Rogers Act) and continued by the Foreign Service Act of 1946, must be preserved, strengthened, and improved in order to carry out its mission effectively in response to the complex challenges of modern diplomacy and international relations;
(4) the members of the Foreign Service should be representative of the American people, aware of the principles and history of the United States and informed of current concerns and trends in American life, knowledgeable of the affairs, cultures, and languages of other countries, and available to serve in assignments throughout the world; and
(5) the Foreign Service should be operated on the basis of merit principles.
**(b)** The objective of this chapter is to strengthen and improve the Foreign Service of the United States by—
(1) assuring, in accordance with merit principles, admission through impartial and rigorous examination, acquisition of career status only by those who have demonstrated their fitness through successful completion of probationary assignments, effective career development, advancement
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Delegation by President; rules and regulations; utilization of goods and services from private enterprise, and facilities and resources of Federal agencies when not competitive with private enterprise** The President may exercise any functions conferred upon him by this chapter through such agency or officer of the United States Government as he shall direct. The head of any such agency or such officer may from time to time promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out such functions, and may delegate authority to perform any such functions, including, if he shall so specify, the authority successively to redelegate any of such functions to any of his subordinates. In providing technical assistance under this chapter, the head of any such agency or such officer shall utilize, to the fullest extent practicable, goods and professional and other services from private enterprise on a contract basis. In such fields as education, health, housing, or agriculture, the facilities and resources of other Federal agencies shall be utilized when such facilities are particularly or uniquely suitable for technical assistance, are not competitive with private enterprise, and can be made available without interfering unduly with domestic programs.
**(b) Eligibility of suppliers; debarment period; causes for debarment; conditions for reinstatement; periodic review** The President shall issue and enforce regulations determining the eligibility of any person to receive funds made available under this chapter. A person may be suspended under such regulations for a temporary period pending the completion of an investigation and any resulting judicial or debarment proceedings, upon cause for belief that such person or an affiliate thereof probably has undertake
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(a) United States development cooperation policy
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Policy requirements for assistance** The Congress recognizes that, under special economic, political, or security conditions, the national interests of the United States may require economic support for countries or in amounts which could not be justified solely under part I of subchapter I of this chapter or, in the case of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, part X of subchapter I of this chapter. In such cases, the President is authorized to furnish assistance to countries and organizations, on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to promote economic or political stability. To the maximum extent feasible, the President shall provide assistance under this part consistent with the policy directions, purposes, and programs of subchapter I of this chapter.
**(b) Responsibility for policy decisions and justifications** The Secretary of State shall be responsible for policy decisions and justifications for economic support programs under this part, including determinations of whether there will be an economic support program for a country and the amount of the program for each country. The Secretary shall exercise this responsibility in cooperation with the Administrator of the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter.
**(c) Detailed justification for uses and purposes of funds** As part of the annual presentation materials for foreign assistance submitted to the Congress, the agency primarily responsible for administering subchapter II of this chapter shall provide a detailed justification for the uses and the purposes of the funds provided under this part. Such material shall include, but not be limited to, information concerning the amounts and kinds of cash grant transfers, the amounts and kinds of budgetary an
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1401, acts May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 1, 61 Stat. 103; Apr. 5, 1952, ch. 159, § 1, 66 Stat. 43, authorized President to furnish assistance and prescribed type of assistance to be furnished. See sections 1451 to 1453 and 2395 of this title.
Section 1402, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 2, 61 Stat. 104, related to allocation of funds to Government agencies. See [section 2392 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2392&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1403, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 3, 61 Stat. 104, prescribed conditions precedent to receipt of assistance.
Section 1404, acts May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 4, 61 Stat. 105; Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, § 303, 62 Stat. 158, related to advancement and reimbursement of funds by and to R.F.C. and appropriations.
Section 1405, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 5, 61 Stat. 105, related to rules and regulations and withdrawal of aid. See [section 2367 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2367&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1406, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 6, 61 Stat. 105, related to termination of assistance. See [section 2367 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2367&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1407, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 7, 61 Stat. 105, required President to submit quarterly reports to Congress. See [section 2394 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2394&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1408, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 8, 61 Stat. 105, related to appointment and duties of chief of any mission to Greece and Turkey. See [section 2391 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=gra
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1401 to 1410
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, acts Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title I, § 108, 62 Stat. 141; Apr. 19, 1949, ch. 77, § 4, 63 Stat. 50, related to the United States Special Representative and Deputy Representative abroad; appointment and compensation; and rank. See [section 2391 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2391&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1506
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1784, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, § 524, 68 Stat. 856; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, § 10(a), 69 Stat. 288; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 10(c), 71 Stat. 364; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. V, § 501(28), 72 Stat. 272, prescribed duties of Secretary of Defense. See [section 2383 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2383&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1785, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, § 525, 68 Stat. 856; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, § 10(b), 69 Stat. 288; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 10(d), 71 Stat. 364, authorized transfer of functions of Foreign Operations Administration.
Section 1786, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, § 526, 68 Stat. 857; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, § 10(c), 69 Stat. 289, authorized maintenance of special missions and staffs abroad. See [section 2391 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2391&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1787, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, § 527, 68 Stat. 857; July 31, 1956, ch. 804, title I, § 113, 70 Stat. 740; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 10(e), 71 Stat. 364; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. IV, § 401(e), 72 Stat. 269; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. IV, § 401(g), 73 Stat. 253; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. IV, § 401(g), ch. V, § 501(c), (d), 74 Stat. 139, 140, related to employment of personnel. See [section 2385 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2385&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1788, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. IV, § 528, 68 Stat. 858, authorized detail of personnel to foreign governments. See [section 2387 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-sect
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General expenditures** Appropriations for the purposes of or pursuant to this chapter (except for subchapter II of this chapter), allocations to any agency of the United States Government, from other appropriations, for functions directly related to the purposes of this chapter, and funds made available for other purposes to the agency primarily responsible for administrating subchapter I of this chapter, shall be available for:
(1) rent of buildings and space in buildings in the United States, and for repair, alteration, and improvement of such leased properties;
(2) expenses of attendance at meetings concerned with the purposes of such appropriations or of this chapter, including (notwithstanding the provisions of section 1346(a) and (c) of title 31) expenses in connection with meetings of persons whose employment is authorized by [section 2386 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2386&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) contracting with individuals for personal services abroad: Provided, That such individuals shall not be regarded as employees of the United States Government for the purpose of any law administered by the Civil Service Commission;
(4) purchase, maintenance, operation, and hire of aircraft: Provided, That aircraft for administrative purposes may be purchased only as specifically provided for in an appropriation or other Act;
(5) purchase and hire of passenger motor vehicles: Provided, That, except as may otherwise be provided in an appropriation or other Act, passenger motor vehicles for administrative purposes outside the United States may be purchased for replacement only, and such vehicles may be exchanged or sold and replaced by an equal number of such vehicles, and the cost, including exchang
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 897
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2391
1 See References in Text note below.
those allowed under section 4085 of this title.
The authorization of such allowances and other
benefits and the payment thereof out of any ap-
propriations available therefor shall be consid-
ered as meeting all the requirements of section
5536 of title 5.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 629, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat.
452; Pub. L. 87–565, pt. III, § 302(d), Aug. 1, 1962, 76
Stat. 262; Pub. L. 90–137, pt. III, § 302(f), Nov. 14,
1967, 81 Stat. 460; Pub. L. 96–465, title II, § 2203(b),
Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2159.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the
original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4,
1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of
this title and Tables.
Section 2384(d) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b),
was repealed by Pub. L. 95–88, title I, § 124(a)(1), Aug. 3,
1977, 91 Stat. 541.
AMENDMENTS
1980—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–465 substituted ‘‘section
4085 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 1131 of this title’’.
1967—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 90–137 substituted reference
to section 5536 of title 5 for former section 70 of title 5.
1962—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 87–565 substituted ‘‘2384(d)’’
for ‘‘2384(e)’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–465 effective Feb. 15, 1981,
except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L.
96–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section
3901 of this title.
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
For delegation of functions of President under this
section, s
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2391
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1420
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 3901
New
Old
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Executive Documents
FOREIGN COMMERCIAL SERVICE
For authority of Secretary of Commerce to establish
a Foreign Commercial Service in Department of Com-
merce, see section 1–104 of Ex. Ord. No. 12188, Jan. 2,
1980, 45 F.R. 991, as amended, set out as a note under
section 2171 of Title 19, Customs Duties.
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 3901. Congressional findings and objectives
(a) The Congress finds that—
(1) a career foreign service, characterized by
excellence and professionalism, is essential in
the national interest to assist the President
and the Secretary of State in conducting the
foreign affairs of the United States;
(2) the scope and complexity of the foreign
affairs of the Nation have heightened the need
for a professional foreign service that will
serve the foreign affairs interests of the
United States in an integrated fashion and
that can provide a resource of qualified per-
sonnel for the President, the Secretary of
State, and the agencies concerned with foreign
affairs;
(3) the Foreign Service of the United States,
established under the Act of May 24, 1924 (com-
monly known as the Rogers Act) and contin-
ued by the Foreign Service Act of 1946, must
be preserved, strengthened, and improved in
order to carry out its mission effectively in re-
sponse to the complex challenges of modern
diplomacy and international relat
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 3901
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