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22 U.S.C. § 10003 — Support for democratic governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of Congress that the political transition in Sudan, following several months of popular protests against the regime of Omar al-Bashir, represents an opportunity for the United States to support democracy, good governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms in Sudan.
**(b) In general** Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [[22 U.S.C. 7101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section7101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ([22 U.S.C. 2151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq. and 2346 et seq.)—
(1) to provide for democracy and governance programs that strengthen and build the capacity of representative civilian government institutions, political parties, and civil society in Sudan;
(2) to support the organization of free, fair, and credible elections in Sudan;
(3) to provide technical support for legal and policy reforms that improve transparency and accountability and protect human rights, including religious freedom, and civil liberties in Sudan;
(4) to support human rights and fundamental freedoms in Sudan, including the freedoms of—
(A) religion or belief;
(B) expression, including for members of the press;
(C) assembly; and
(D) association;
(5) to support measures to improve and increase women’s participation in the political, economic, and social sectors of Sudan; and
(6) to support other related democracy, good governance, rule of law, and fundamental f
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-10003-support-for-democratic-governance-rule-of-law-human-rights-and-fundament--238c584bda.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 107, § 10003; chapter-107-sudan-democratic-transition-accountability-and-fiscal-transparency.md
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**(a) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of Congress that the political transition in Sudan, following several months of popular protests against the regime of Omar al-Bashir, represents an opportunity for the United States to support democracy, good governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms in Sudan.
**(b) In general** Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 [[22 U.S.C. 7101](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section7101&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008), the President is authorized to provide assistance under part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ([22 U.S.C. 2151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq. and 2346 et seq.)—
(1) to provide for democracy and governance programs that strengthen and build the capacity of representative civilian government institutions, political parties, and civil society in Sudan;
(2) to support the organization of free, fair, and credible elections in Sudan;
(3) to provide technical support for legal and policy reforms that improve transparency and accountability and protect human rights, including religious freedom, and civil liberties in Sudan;
(4) to support human rights and fundamental freedoms in Sudan, including the freedoms of—
(A) religion or belief;
(B) expression, including for members of the press;
(C) assembly; and
(D) association;
(5) to support measures to improve and increase women’s participation in the political, economic, and social sectors of Sudan; and
(6) to support other related democracy, good governance, rule of law, and fundamental freedom programs and activities.
**(c) Authorization of appropriations** Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated to carry out part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ([22 U.S.C. 2151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq. and 2346 et seq.) for fiscal years 2021 and 2022, $20,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for each such fiscal year to carry out this section.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purposes** The purposes of this chapter are to combat trafficking in persons, a contemporary manifestation of slavery whose victims are predominantly women and children, to ensure just and effective punishment of traffickers, and to protect their victims.
**(b) Findings** Congress finds that:
(1) As the 21st century begins, the degrading institution of slavery continues throughout the world. Trafficking in persons is a modern form of slavery, and it is the largest manifestation of slavery today. At least 700,000 persons annually, primarily women and children, are trafficked within or across international borders. Approximately 50,000 women and children are trafficked into the United States each year.
(2) Many of these persons are trafficked into the international sex trade, often by force, fraud, or coercion. The sex industry has rapidly expanded over the past several decades. It involves sexual exploitation of persons, predominantly women and girls, involving activities related to prostitution, pornography, sex tourism, and other commercial sexual services. The low status of women in many parts of the world has contributed to a burgeoning of the trafficking industry.
(3) Trafficking in persons is not limited to the sex industry. This growing transnational crime also includes forced labor and involves significant violations of labor, public health, and human rights standards worldwide.
(4) Traffickers primarily target women and girls, who are disproportionately affected by poverty, the lack of access to education, chronic unemployment, discrimination, and the lack of economic opportunities in countries of origin. Traffickers lure women and girls into their networks through false promises of decent working conditions at relatively good pay as nannies, maids, d
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(a) United States development cooperation policy
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds that—
(1) drought and famine have caused countless deaths and untold suffering among the people of sub-Saharan Africa;
(2) drought and famine in combination with other factors such as desertification, government neglect of the agricultural sector, and inappropriate economic policies have severely affected long-term development in sub-Saharan Africa; and
(3) the most cost-effective and efficient way of overcoming Africa’s vulnerability to drought and famine is to address Africa’s long-term development needs through a process that builds upon the needs and capabilities of the African people, promotes sustained and equitable economic growth, preserves the environment, and protects the rights of the individual.
**(b) Authority to furnish assistance** The President is authorized to furnish project and program assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine in accordance with the policies contained in this section, for long-term development in sub-Saharan Africa.
**(c) Purpose of assistance**
(1) **Purpose** — The purpose of assistance under this section shall be to help the poor majority of men and women in sub-Saharan Africa to participate in a process of long-term development through economic growth that is equitable, participatory, environmentally sustainable, and self-reliant.
(2) **Use of assistance to encourage private sector development** — Assistance under this section should, in a manner consistent with paragraph (1), be used to promote sustained economic growth, encourage private sector development, promote individual initiatives, and help to reduce the role of central governments in areas more appropriate for the private sector.
**(d) Application of development assistance general authorities and policies** E
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2311
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 10003
(§§ 1261–1270E) of title XII of div. A of Pub. L. 116–283,
enacting this chapter and amending and repealing pro-
visions set out as notes under section 1701 of Title 50,
War and National Defense] may be cited as the ‘Sudan
Democratic Transition, Accountability, and Fiscal
Transparency Act of 2020’.’’
SPECIAL ENVOY FOR SUDAN
Pub. L. 118–159, div. G, title LXXII, § 7204, Dec. 23,
2024, 138 Stat. 2529, provided that:
‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The President shall, with the
advice and consent of the Senate, appoint a Special
Envoy for Sudan at the Department (in this section re-
ferred to as the ‘Special Envoy’). The Special Envoy
shall report directly to the Secretary [of State] and
should not hold another position in the Department [of
State] while holding the position of Special Envoy.
‘‘(b) DUTIES.—The Special Envoy shall—
‘‘(1) lead United States diplomatic efforts to sup-
port negotiations and humanitarian response efforts
related to alleviating the crisis in Sudan;
‘‘(2) be responsible for coordinating policy develop-
ment and execution related to ending the conflict and
a future path to national recovery and democratic
transition in Sudan across all bureaus in the Depart-
ment and coordinating with interagency partners;
and
‘‘(3) consult regularly with the appropriate congres-
sional committees [Committee on Foreign Relations
of the Senate and Committee on Foreign Affairs of
the House of Representatives] and keep such commit-
tees fully and currently informed on the status of
diplomatic efforts and negotiations.
‘‘(c) STAFFING.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall ensure that
the Special Envoy is staffed with personnel approved
by the envoy, including through reassignment of po-
sition
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 10003
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 532
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 2151
Sec.
2394a.
Extortion and illegal payments to offi-
cials of foreign countries receiving
international security assistance.
2394b.
HELP Commission.
2394c.
Information on covered United States
foreign assistance programs.
2395.
General authorities.
2395a.
International
agreements
concerning
debt relief; transmittal to congres-
sional committees.
2396.
Availability of funds.
2396a.
Property Management Fund.
2396b.
USAID Buying Power Maintenance Ac-
count.
2397.
Administrative expenses.
2398.
Assistance to countries pursuant to
other statutes.
2399 to 2399a. Repealed or Transferred.
2399b.
False claims and ineligible commodities.
2399c.
Coordination of policies and programs.
2399d.
Shipping differential.
PART III—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
2401.
Effective date; identification of pro-
grams.
2402.
Saving provisions.
2403.
Definitions.
2404.
Unexpended balances.
2405.
Separability.
2406.
Development programs for dependable
fuel supplies.
2407.
Special authorization for use of foreign
currencies.
2408.
Repealed.
2409.
Use of United States Armed Forces.
2410, 2410a.
Repealed.
2411.
Limitation upon exercise of special au-
thorities.
2412.
Limitation on foreign assistance appro-
priations.
2413.
Changes in allocation of foreign assist-
ance.
2414.
Presidential findings and determina-
tions.
2414a.
Annual report to Congress on voting
practices at United Nations.
2415.
Annual military assistance report.
2416.
Annual foreign military training report.
2417 to 2419.
Repealed.
2420.
Police training prohibition.
2421.
Trade and Development Agency.
2421a.
Capital projects office within Agency for
International Development.
2421b.
Capital projects for
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 2151
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1887
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 7101
‘‘(D) UNITED STATES CAPITAL MARKETS.—The Com-
mission shall evaluate the extent of Chinese access
to, and use of United States capital markets, and
whether the existing disclosure and transparency
rules are adequate to identify Chinese companies
which are active in United States markets and are
also engaged in proliferation activities or other ac-
tivities harmful to United States security interests.
‘‘(E) CORPORATE REPORTING.—The Commission shall
assess United States trade and investment relation-
ship with China, including the need for corporate re-
porting on United States investments in China and
incentives that China may be offering to United
States corporations to relocate production and R&D
to China.
‘‘(F) REGIONAL ECONOMIC AND SECURITY IMPACTS.—
The Commission shall assess the extent of China’s
‘hollowing-out’ of Asian manufacturing economies,
and the impact on United States economic and secu-
rity interests in the region; review the triangular
economic and security relationship among the United
States, Taipei and Beijing, including Beijing’s mili-
tary modernization and force deployments aimed at
Taipei, and the adequacy of United States executive
branch coordination and consultation with Congress
on United States arms sales and defense relationship
with Taipei.
‘‘(G) UNITED STATES-CHINA BILATERAL PROGRAMS.—
The Commission shall assess science and technology
programs to evaluate if the United States is devel-
oping an adequate coordinating mechanism with ap-
propriate review by the intelligence community with
Congress; assess the degree of non-compliance by
China and United States-China agreements on prison
labor imports and intellectual property rights; evalu-
ate United States
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 7101
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