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11 U.S.C. § 1201 — Stay of action against codebtor
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, after the order for relief under this chapter, a creditor may not act, or commence or continue any civil action, to collect all or any part of a consumer debt of the debtor from any individual that is liable on such debt with the debtor, or that secured such debt, unless—
(1) such individual became liable on or secured such debt in the ordinary course of such individual’s business; or
(2) the case is closed, dismissed, or converted to a case under chapter 7 of this title.
**(b)** A creditor may present a negotiable instrument, and may give notice of dishonor of such an instrument.
**(c)** On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court shall grant relief from the stay provided by subsection (a) of this section with respect to a creditor, to the extent that—
(1) as between the debtor and the individual protected under subsection (a) of this section, such individual received the consideration for the claim held by such creditor;
(2) the plan filed by the debtor proposes not to pay such claim; or
(3) such creditor’s interest would be irreparably harmed by continuation of such stay.
**(d)** Twenty days after the filing of a request under subsection (c)(2) of this section for relief from the stay provided by subsection (a) of this section, such stay is terminated with respect to the party in interest making such request, unless the debtor or any individual that is liable on such debt with the debtor files and serves upon such party in interest a written objection to the taking of the proposed action.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_64530887250868f1fd014025
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-11/section-1201-stay-of-action-against-codebtor--db56322ee9.md
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Source location: Title 11, Chapter 12, § 1201; chapter-012-adjustment-of-debts-of-a-family-farmer-or-fisherman-with-regular-annual-income.md
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**(a)** Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, after the order for relief under this chapter, a creditor may not act, or commence or continue any civil action, to collect all or any part of a consumer debt of the debtor from any individual that is liable on such debt with the debtor, or that secured such debt, unless—
(1) such individual became liable on or secured such debt in the ordinary course of such individual’s business; or
(2) the case is closed, dismissed, or converted to a case under chapter 7 of this title.
**(b)** A creditor may present a negotiable instrument, and may give notice of dishonor of such an instrument.
**(c)** On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court shall grant relief from the stay provided by subsection (a) of this section with respect to a creditor, to the extent that—
(1) as between the debtor and the individual protected under subsection (a) of this section, such individual received the consideration for the claim held by such creditor;
(2) the plan filed by the debtor proposes not to pay such claim; or
(3) such creditor’s interest would be irreparably harmed by continuation of such stay.
**(d)** Twenty days after the filing of a request under subsection (c)(2) of this section for relief from the stay provided by subsection (a) of this section, such stay is terminated with respect to the party in interest making such request, unless the debtor or any individual that is liable on such debt with the debtor files and serves upon such party in interest a written objection to the taking of the proposed action.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Attorney General shall appoint one United States trustee for each of the following regions composed of Federal judicial districts (without regard to section 451):
(1) The judicial districts established for the States of Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island.
(2) The judicial districts established for the States of Connecticut, New York, and Vermont.
(3) The judicial districts established for the States of Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.
(4) The judicial districts established for the States of Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia and for the District of Columbia.
(5) The judicial districts established for the States of Louisiana and Mississippi.
(6) The Northern District of Texas and the Eastern District of Texas.
(7) The Southern District of Texas and the Western District of Texas.
(8) The judicial districts established for the States of Kentucky and Tennessee.
(9) The judicial districts established for the States of Michigan and Ohio.
(10) The Central District of Illinois and the Southern District of Illinois; and the judicial districts established for the State of Indiana.
(11) The Northern District of Illinois; and the judicial districts established for the State of Wisconsin.
(12) The judicial districts established for the States of Minnesota, Iowa, North Dakota, and South Dakota.
(13) The judicial districts established for the States of Arkansas, Nebraska, and Missouri.
(14) The District of Arizona.
(15) The Southern District of California; and the judicial districts established for the State of Hawaii, and for Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
(16) The Central District of California.
(17) The Eastern District of California and the Northern District of Cal
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 581
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this title the following definitions shall apply:
(1) The term “accountant” means accountant authorized under applicable law to practice public accounting, and includes professional accounting association, corporation, or partnership, if so authorized.
(2) The term “affiliate” means—
(A) entity that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than an entity that holds such securities—
(i) in a fiduciary or agency capacity without sole discretionary power to vote such securities; or
(ii) solely to secure a debt, if such entity has not in fact exercised such power to vote;
(B) corporation 20 percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or held with power to vote, by the debtor, or by an entity that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 20 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the debtor, other than an entity that holds such securities—
(i) in a fiduciary or agency capacity without sole discretionary power to vote such securities; or
(ii) solely to secure a debt, if such entity has not in fact exercised such power to vote;
(C) person whose business is operated under a lease or operating agreement by a debtor, or person substantially all of whose property is operated under an operating agreement with the debtor; or
(D) entity that operates the business or substantially all of the property of the debtor under a lease or operating agreement.
(3) The term “assisted person” means any person whose debts consist primarily of consumer debts and the value of whose nonexempt property is less than $150,000.11 See Adjustment of Dollar Amounts not
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** If applicable nonbankruptcy law, an order entered in a nonbankruptcy proceeding, or an agreement fixes a period within which the debtor may commence an action, and such period has not expired before the date of the filing of the petition, the trustee may commence such action only before the later of—
(1) the end of such period, including any suspension of such period occurring on or after the commencement of the case; or
(2) two years after the order for relief.
**(b)** Except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, if applicable nonbankruptcy law, an order entered in a nonbankruptcy proceeding, or an agreement fixes a period within which the debtor or an individual protected under section 1201 or 1301 of this title may file any pleading, demand, notice, or proof of claim or loss, cure a default, or perform any other similar act, and such period has not expired before the date of the filing of the petition, the trustee may only file, cure, or perform, as the case may be, before the later of—
(1) the end of such period, including any suspension of such period occurring on or after the commencement of the case; or
(2) 60 days after the order for relief.
**(c)** Except as provided in [section 524 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section524&num=0&edition=prelim), if applicable nonbankruptcy law, an order entered in a nonbankruptcy proceeding, or an agreement fixes a period for commencing or continuing a civil action in a court other than a bankruptcy court on a claim against the debtor, or against an individual with respect to which such individual is protected under section 1201 or 1301 of this title, and such period has not expired before the date of the filing of the petition, then such period does n
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 108
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** If the United States trustee has appointed an individual under [section 586(b) of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section586/b&num=0&edition=prelim) to serve as standing trustee in cases under this chapter and if such individual qualifies as a trustee under [section 322 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section322&num=0&edition=prelim), then such individual shall serve as trustee in any case filed under this chapter. Otherwise, the United States trustee shall appoint one disinterested person to serve as trustee in the case or the United States trustee may serve as trustee in the case if necessary.
**(b)** The trustee shall—
(1) perform the duties specified in sections 704(a)(2), 704(a)(3), 704(a)(5), 704(a)(6), 704(a)(7), and 704(a)(9) of this title;
(2) perform the duties specified in section 1106(a)(3) and 1106(a)(4) of this title if the court, for cause and on request of a party in interest, the trustee, or the United States trustee, so orders;
(3) appear and be heard at any hearing that concerns—
(A) the value of property subject to a lien;
(B) confirmation of a plan;
(C) modification of the plan after confirmation; or
(D) the sale of property of the estate;
(4) ensure that the debtor commences making timely payments required by a confirmed plan;
(5) if the debtor ceases to be a debtor in possession, perform the duties specified in sections 704(a)(8), 1106(a)(1), 1106(a)(2), 1106(a)(6), 1106(a)(7), and 1203; and
(6) if with respect to the debtor there is a claim for a domestic support obligation, provide the applicable notice specified in subsection (c).
**(c)**
(1) In a case described in subsection (b)(6) to which subsection (b)(6) applies,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1202
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Subject to such limitations as the court may prescribe, a debtor in possession shall have all the rights, other than the right to compensation under section 330, and powers, and shall perform all the functions and duties, except the duties specified in paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 1106(a), of a trustee serving in a case under chapter 11, including operating the debtor’s farm or commercial fishing operation.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1203
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** On request of a party in interest, and after notice and a hearing, the court shall order that the debtor shall not be a debtor in possession for cause, including fraud, dishonesty, incompetence, or gross mismanagement of the affairs of the debtor, either before or after the commencement of the case.
**(b)** On request of a party in interest, and after notice and a hearing, the court may reinstate the debtor in possession.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1204
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Section 361 does not apply in a case under this chapter.
**(b)** In a case under this chapter, when adequate protection is required under section 362, 363, or 364 of this title of an interest of an entity in property, such adequate protection may be provided by—
(1) requiring the trustee to make a cash payment or periodic cash payments to such entity, to the extent that the stay under [section 362 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section362&num=0&edition=prelim), use, sale, or lease under [section 363 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section363&num=0&edition=prelim), or any grant of a lien under [section 364 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section364&num=0&edition=prelim) results in a decrease in the value of property securing a claim or of an entity’s ownership interest in property;
(2) providing to such entity an additional or replacement lien to the extent that such stay, use, sale, lease, or grant results in a decrease in the value of property securing a claim or of an entity’s ownership interest in property;
(3) paying to such entity for the use of farmland the reasonable rent customary in the community where the property is located, based upon the rental value, net income, and earning capacity of the property; or
(4) granting such other relief, other than entitling such entity to compensation allowable under [section 503(b)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section503/b/1&num=0&edition=prelim) as an administrative expense, as will adequately protect the value of property securing a claim or of such entity’s ownership interest in property.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1205
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
After notice and a hearing, in addition to the authorization contained in section 363(f), the trustee in a case under this chapter may sell property under section 363(b) and (c) free and clear of any interest in such property of an entity other than the estate if the property is farmland, farm equipment, or property used to carry out a commercial fishing operation (including a commercial fishing vessel), except that the proceeds of such sale shall be subject to such interest.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1206
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Property of the estate includes, in addition to the property specified in [section 541 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section541&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(1) all property of the kind specified in such section that the debtor acquires after the commencement of the case but before the case is closed, dismissed, or converted to a case under chapter 7 of this title, whichever occurs first; and
(2) earnings from services performed by the debtor after the commencement of the case but before the case is closed, dismissed, or converted to a case under chapter 7 of this title, whichever occurs first.
**(b)** Except as provided in section 1204, a confirmed plan, or an order confirming a plan, the debtor shall remain in possession of all property of the estate.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1207
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The debtor may convert a case under this chapter to a case under chapter 7 of this title at any time. Any waiver of the right to convert under this subsection is unenforceable.
**(b)** On request of the debtor at any time, if the case has not been converted under section 706 or 1112 of this title, the court shall dismiss a case under this chapter. Any waiver of the right to dismiss under this subsection is unenforceable.
**(c)** On request of a party in interest, and after notice and a hearing, the court may dismiss a case under this chapter for cause, including—
(1) unreasonable delay, or gross mismanagement, by the debtor that is prejudicial to creditors;
(2) nonpayment of any fees and charges required under chapter 123 of title 28;
(3) failure to file a plan timely under [section 1221 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section1221&num=0&edition=prelim);
(4) failure to commence making timely payments required by a confirmed plan;
(5) denial of confirmation of a plan under [section 1225 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section1225&num=0&edition=prelim) and denial of a request made for additional time for filing another plan or a modification of a plan;
(6) material default by the debtor with respect to a term of a confirmed plan;
(7) revocation of the order of confirmation under [section 1230 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section1230&num=0&edition=prelim), and denial of confirmation of a modified plan under [section 1229 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title11-section1229&num=0&edition=prelim);
(8) termination of a confirmed plan by reason of the occurrence
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1208
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