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20 U.S.C. § 1754 — Provisions respecting transportation of pupils to achieve racial balance and judicial power to insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to the entire United States
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [[42 U.S.C. 2000c–6(a)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2000c–6/a&num=0&edition=prelim)] providing in substance that no court or official of the United States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV [[42 U.S.C. 2000c](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2000c&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States, regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part of the United States.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-20/section-1754-provisions-respecting-transportation-of-pupils-to-achieve-racial-balance--c096f0a8e1.md
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Source location: Title 20, Chapter 39, § 1754; chapter-039-equal-educational-opportunities-and-transportation-of-students.md
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The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [[42 U.S.C. 2000c–6(a)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2000c–6/a&num=0&edition=prelim)] providing in substance that no court or official of the United States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV [[42 U.S.C. 2000c](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2000c&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States, regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part of the United States.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this subchapter—
**(a)** “Secretary” means the Secretary of Education.
**(b)** “Desegregation” means the assignment of students to public schools and within such schools without regard to their race, color, religion, sex or national origin, but “desegregation” shall not mean the assignment of students to public schools in order to overcome racial imbalance.
**(c)** “Public school” means any elementary or secondary educational institution, and “public college” means any institution of higher education or any technical or vocational school above the secondary school level, provided that such public school or public college is operated by a State, subdivision of a State, or governmental agency within a State, or operated wholly or predominantly from or through the use of governmental funds or property, or funds or property derived from a governmental source.
**(d)** “School board” means any agency or agencies which administer a system of one or more public schools and any other agency which is responsible for the assignment of students to or within such system.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 2000c
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1037
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 1757
(Pub. L. 93–380, title II, § 253, Aug. 21, 1974, 88
Stat. 519.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective on and after sixtieth day after Aug.
21, 1974, see section 2(c) of Pub. L. 93–380, set out as a
note under section 1221–1 of this title.
§ 1753. Uniform rules of evidence requirement
The rules of evidence required to prove that
State or local authorities are practicing racial
discrimination in assigning students to public
schools shall be uniform throughout the United
States.
(Pub. L. 93–380, title II, § 254, Aug. 21, 1974, 88
Stat. 520.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective on and after sixtieth day after Aug.
21, 1974, see section 2(c) of Pub. L. 93–380, set out as a
note under section 1221–1 of this title.
§ 1754. Provisions respecting transportation of
pupils to achieve racial balance and judicial
power to insure compliance with constitu-
tional standards applicable to the entire
United States
The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000c–6(a)] providing
in substance that no court or official of the
United States shall be empowered to issue any
order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any
school by requiring the transportation of pupils
or students from one school to another or one
school district to another in order to achieve
such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the ex-
isting power of the court to insure compliance
with constitutional standards shall apply to all
public school pupils and to every public school
system, public school and public school board,
as defined by title IV [42 U.S.C. 2000c et seq.],
under all circumstances and conditions and at
all times in every State, dis
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 20 U.S.C. § 1754
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 5252
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 2000b–3
§ 2000b–3. ‘‘Complaint’’ defined
A complaint as used in this subchapter is a
writing or document within the meaning of sec-
tion 1001, title 18.
(Pub. L. 88–352, title III, § 304, July 2, 1964, 78
Stat. 246.)
SUBCHAPTER IV—PUBLIC EDUCATION
§ 2000c. Definitions
As used in this subchapter—
(a) ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Edu-
cation.
(b) ‘‘Desegregation’’ means the assignment
of students to public schools and within such
schools without regard to their race, color, re-
ligion, sex or national origin, but ‘‘desegrega-
tion’’ shall not mean the assignment of stu-
dents to public schools in order to overcome
racial imbalance.
(c) ‘‘Public school’’ means any elementary
or secondary educational institution, and
‘‘public college’’ means any institution of
higher education or any technical or voca-
tional school above the secondary school level,
provided that such public school or public col-
lege is operated by a State, subdivision of a
State, or governmental agency within a State,
or operated wholly or predominantly from or
through the use of governmental funds or
property, or funds or property derived from a
governmental source.
(d) ‘‘School board’’ means any agency or
agencies which administer a system of one or
more public schools and any other agency
which is responsible for the assignment of stu-
dents to or within such system.
(Pub. L. 88–352, title IV, § 401, July 2, 1964, 78
Stat. 246; Pub. L. 92–318, title IX, § 906(a), June
23, 1972, 86 Stat. 375; Pub. L. 96–88, title III,
§ 301(a)(1), title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 677,
692.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1972—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 92–318 inserted ‘‘sex’’ after
‘‘religion,’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiar
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 2000c
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 2000c. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.