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22 U.S.C. § 5421 — Agricultural assistance
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Agricultural assistance strategy**
(1) **United States assistance** — A principal component of the SEED Program shall be the provision by the United States of food and other agricultural commodities and products to alleviate crucial shortages that may be created in an East European country by the transition from state-directed controls to a free market economy.
(2) **Assistance from other countries** — In order to ensure the necessary quantity and diversity of agricultural assistance for that purpose, the United States shall take all appropriate steps to encourage parallel efforts by the European Community and other agricultural surplus countries.
(3) **Avoiding disincentives to private agricultural production and marketing** — In participating in such multilateral agricultural assistance, the United States shall seek to strike a balance wherein agricultural commodities and products are supplied in such quantities as will be effective in overcoming severe shortages and dampening inflation but without impeding the development of incentives for private agricultural production and marketing in the recipient country.
**(b) Agricultural assistance for Poland** Pursuant to [section 5411(b)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5411/b/3&num=0&edition=prelim), the United States Government—
(1) shall make available to Poland, in coordination with the European Community, United States agricultural assistance—
(A) to alleviate immediate food shortages (such assistance to be specifically targeted toward elements of the Polish population most vulnerable to hunger and malnutrition, in particular the infirm, the elderly, and children), and
(B) to facilitate the transition from state-directed controls to a free ma
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-5421-agricultural-assistance--a58273725a.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 63, § 5421; chapter-063-support-for-east-european-democracy-seed.md
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**(a) Agricultural assistance strategy**
(1) **United States assistance** — A principal component of the SEED Program shall be the provision by the United States of food and other agricultural commodities and products to alleviate crucial shortages that may be created in an East European country by the transition from state-directed controls to a free market economy.
(2) **Assistance from other countries** — In order to ensure the necessary quantity and diversity of agricultural assistance for that purpose, the United States shall take all appropriate steps to encourage parallel efforts by the European Community and other agricultural surplus countries.
(3) **Avoiding disincentives to private agricultural production and marketing** — In participating in such multilateral agricultural assistance, the United States shall seek to strike a balance wherein agricultural commodities and products are supplied in such quantities as will be effective in overcoming severe shortages and dampening inflation but without impeding the development of incentives for private agricultural production and marketing in the recipient country.
**(b) Agricultural assistance for Poland** Pursuant to [section 5411(b)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5411/b/3&num=0&edition=prelim), the United States Government—
(1) shall make available to Poland, in coordination with the European Community, United States agricultural assistance—
(A) to alleviate immediate food shortages (such assistance to be specifically targeted toward elements of the Polish population most vulnerable to hunger and malnutrition, in particular the infirm, the elderly, and children), and
(B) to facilitate the transition from state-directed controls to a free market economy, while avoiding disincentives to domestic agricultural production and reform; and
(2) in order to ensure the necessary quantity and diversity of such agricultural assistance, shall take all appropriate steps to encourage parallel efforts by the European Community and other agricultural surplus countries.
**(c) FY 1990 minimum level of agricultural assistance for Poland** In carrying out subsection (b) of this section, the level of assistance for Poland for fiscal year 1990 under [section 1431(b) of title 7](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1431/b&num=0&edition=prelim), the Food for Peace Act ([7 U.S.C. 1691](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1691&num=0&edition=prelim) and following), and section 1736o of title 7 should not be less than $125,000,000. Such assistance—
(1) to the maximum extent practicable, shall be provided through nongovernmental organizations; and
(2) shall emphasize feed grains.
**(d) Consistency with budget requirements** Subsection (c) should not be construed to authorize or require any budgetary obligations or outlays that are inconsistent with House Concurrent Resolution 106 of the 101st Congress (setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 1990).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Notice of negotiations** The Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury shall, in every feasible instance, notify the designated congressional committees not less than 15 days prior to any formal negotiation for debt relief under this subchapter.
**(b) Transmittal of text of agreements** The Secretary of State shall transmit to the designated congressional committees a copy of the text of any agreement with any foreign government which would result in any debt relief under this subchapter no less than 30 days prior to its entry into force, together with a detailed justification of the interest of the United States in the proposed debt relief.
**(c) Annual report** The Secretary of State or the Secretary of the Treasury, as appropriate, shall submit to the designated congressional committees not later than February 1 of each year a consolidated statement of the budgetary implications of all debt relief agreements entered into force under this subchapter during the preceding fiscal year.
**(d) Designated congressional committees** As used in this section, the term “designated congressional committees” means the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 1691
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given the term in [section 5602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher** — The term “geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher” has the meaning given the term in section 10906(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 ([7 U.S.C. 2204](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2204&num=0&edition=prelim) note; Public Law 107–171).
**(b) Authorization** Subject to the availability of funds under subsection (d), the Secretary may provide geographically disadvantaged farmers or ranchers direct reimbursement payments for activities described in subsection (c).
**(c) Transportation**
(1) **In general** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may provide direct reimbursement payments to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher to transport an agricultural commodity, or inputs used to produce an agricultural commodity, during a fiscal year.
(2) **Proof of eligibility** — To be eligible to receive assistance under paragraph (1), a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher shall demonstrate to the Secretary that transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs occurred over a distance of more than 30 miles, as determined by the Secretary.
(3) **Amount**
(A) *In general* — Subject to paragraph (2), the amount of direct reimbursement payments made to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher under this section for a fiscal year shall equal the product obtained by multiplying—
(i) the amount of costs incurred by the geographically di
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 8701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Assistance through governments and nongovernmental organizations** Assistance under this part may be provided to governments or through nongovernmental organizations.
**(b) Technical and managerial assistance** Technical assistance under this part shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be provided on a long term, on-site basis and shall emphasize the provision of practical, management and other problem-solving advice, particularly advice on private enterprise provided by United States business volunteers.
**(c) Enterprise funds** Activities supported pursuant to this part may include the establishment of and the provision of support for one or more enterprise funds for the independent states of the former Soviet Union. If the President determines that an enterprise fund should be established and supported under this part, the provisions contained in section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 [[22 U.S.C. 5421](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section5421&num=0&edition=prelim)] (excluding the authorizations of appropriations provided in subsection (b) of that section) shall be deemed to apply with respect to such enterprise fund and to funds made available to such enterprise fund pursuant to this part.
**(d) Cooperative development and research projects** Assistance under this part may include support for cooperative development projects, including cooperative development research projects, among the United States, other countries, and independent states of the former Soviet Union.
**(e) Administration of justice programs** In order to strengthen the administration of justice in the independent states of the former Soviet Union under paragraph (2)(J) of [section 2295 of this title](https://uscode
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2295b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) SEED Program** The United States shall implement, beginning in fiscal year 1990, a concerted Program of Support for East European Democracy (which may also be referred to as the “SEED Program”). The SEED Program shall be comprised of diverse undertakings designed to provide cost-effective assistance to those countries of Eastern Europe that have taken substantive steps toward institutionalizing political democracy and economic pluralism.
**(b) Objectives of SEED assistance** The President should ensure that the assistance provided to East European countries pursuant to this chapter is designed—
(1) to contribute to the development of democratic institutions and political pluralism characterized by—
(A) the establishment of fully democratic and representative political systems based on free and fair elections,
(B) effective recognition of fundamental liberties and individual freedoms, including freedom of speech, religion, and association,
(C) termination of all laws and regulations which impede the operation of a free press and the formation of political parties,
(D) creation of an independent judiciary, and
(E) establishment of non-partisan military, security, and police forces;
(2) to promote the development of a free market economic system characterized by—
(A) privatization of economic entities,
(B) establishment of full rights to acquire and hold private property, including land and the benefits of contractual relations,
(C) simplification of regulatory controls regarding the establishment and operation of businesses,
(D) dismantlement of all wage and price controls,
(E) removal of trade restrictions, including on both imports and exports,
(F) liberalization of investment and capital, including the repatriation of profits b
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 5411
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President is authorized to provide assistance for Afghanistan for the following activities:
(1) **Urgent humanitarian needs** — To assist in meeting the urgent humanitarian needs of the people of Afghanistan, including assistance such as—
(A) emergency food, shelter, and medical assistance;
(B) clean drinking water and sanitation;
(C) preventative health care, including childhood vaccination, therapeutic feeding, maternal child health services, and infectious diseases surveillance and treatment;
(D) family tracing and reunification services; and
(E) clearance of landmines and other unexploded ordinance.11 So in original. Probably should be “ordnance.”
(2) **Repatriation and resettlement of refugees and internally displaced persons** — To assist refugees and internally displaced persons as they return to their home communities in Afghanistan and to support their reintegration into those communities, including assistance such as—
(A) assistance identified in paragraph (1);
(B) assistance to communities, including those in neighboring countries, that have taken in large numbers of refugees in order to rehabilitate or expand social, health, and educational services that may have suffered as a result of the influx of large numbers of refugees;
(C) assistance to international organizations and host governments in maintaining security by screening refugees to ensure the exclusion of armed combatants, members of foreign terrorist organizations, and other individuals not eligible for economic assistance from the United States; and
(D) assistance for voluntary refugee repatriation and reintegration inside Afghanistan and continued assistance to those refugees who are unable or unwillin
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 7514
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1656
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 5414
(d) Consistency with budget requirements
Subsection (c) should not be construed to au-
thorize or require any budgetary obligations or
outlays that are inconsistent with House Con-
current Resolution 106 of the 101st Congress (set-
ting forth the congressional budget for the
United States Government for fiscal year 1990).
(Pub. L. 101–179, title I, § 103, Nov. 28, 1989, 103
Stat.
1303;
Pub.
L.
110–246,
title
III,
§ 3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(U), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820,
1821.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Food for Peace Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is
act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified
generally to chapter 41 (§ 1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Agri-
culture. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of
Title 7 and Tables.
House Concurrent Resolution 106 of the 101st Con-
gress, referred to in subsec. (d), is H. Con. Res. 106, May
18, 1989, 103 Stat. 2450, which is not classified to the
Code.
AMENDMENTS
2008—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246 substituted ‘‘Food
for Peace Act’’ for ‘‘Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act of 1954’’ in introductory provisions.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008,
see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effec-
tive Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agri-
culture.
§ 5414. Debt-for-equity swaps and other special
techniques
(a) Reduction of debt burden
The President shall take all appropriate ac-
tions to explore and encourage innovative ap-
proaches to the reduction of the government-to-
government and commercial debt burden of East
European countri
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 5421
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 956
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 1691
Sec.
1738m.
Annual report to Congress.
1738n.
Consultations with Congress.
1738o.
Sale of qualified debt to eligible coun-
tries.
1738p.
Sale, reduction, or cancellation of quali-
fied debt to facilitate certain debt
swaps.
1738q.
Notification to congressional commit-
tees.
1738r.
‘‘Qualified debt’’ defined.
§ 1691. United States policy
It is the policy of the United States to use its
abundant agricultural productivity to promote
the foreign policy of the United States by en-
hancing the food security of the developing
world through the use of agricultural commod-
ities and local currencies accruing under this
chapter to—
(1) combat world hunger and malnutrition
and their causes;
(2) promote broad-based, equitable, and sus-
tainable development, including agricultural
development;
(3) expand international trade;
(4) foster and encourage the development of
private enterprise and democratic participa-
tion in developing countries; and
(5) prevent conflicts.
(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, § 2, 68 Stat. 454; Pub. L.
89–808, § 2(A), Nov. 11, 1966, 80 Stat. 1526; Pub. L.
94–161, title II, § 201, Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 850;
Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, § 1111(a), Dec. 23, 1985, 99
Stat. 1474; Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1512, Nov.
28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3633; Pub. L. 107–171, title III,
§ 3001, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 280; Pub. L. 110–246,
title III, § 3002, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1821.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2008—Pars. (4) to (6). Pub. L. 110–246 redesignated
pars. (5) and (6) as (4) and (5), respectively, and struck
out former par. (4) which read as follows: ‘‘develop and
expand export markets for United States agricultural
commodities;’’.
2002—Par. (6). Pub. L. 107–171 added par. (6).
1990—Pub. L. 10
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 7 U.S.C. § 1691
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