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20 U.S.C. § 1161i–1 — Definition of early childhood education program
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this part, the term “early childhood education program” means—
(1) a Head Start program or an Early Head Start program carried out under the Head Start Act ([42 U.S.C. 9831](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9831&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), including a migrant or seasonal Head Start program or an Indian Head Start program;
(2) a State licensed or regulated child care program; or
(3) a State prekindergarten program or a program authorized under section 619 [[20 U.S.C. 1419](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1419&num=0&edition=prelim)] or part C [[20 U.S.C. 1431](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, that serves children from birth through age six and that addresses the children’s cognitive (including language, early literacy, and pre-numeracy), social, emotional, and physical development.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-20/section-1161i1-definition-of-early-childhood-education-program--18bfea7dcf.md
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Source location: Title 20, Chapter 28, § 1161i–1; chapter-028-higher-education-resources-and-student-assistance.md
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In this part, the term “early childhood education program” means—
(1) a Head Start program or an Early Head Start program carried out under the Head Start Act ([42 U.S.C. 9831](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9831&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), including a migrant or seasonal Head Start program or an Indian Head Start program;
(2) a State licensed or regulated child care program; or
(3) a State prekindergarten program or a program authorized under section 619 [[20 U.S.C. 1419](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1419&num=0&edition=prelim)] or part C [[20 U.S.C. 1431](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, that serves children from birth through age six and that addresses the children’s cognitive (including language, early literacy, and pre-numeracy), social, emotional, and physical development.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary shall provide grants under this section to assist States to provide special education and related services, in accordance with this subchapter—
(1) to children with disabilities aged 3 through 5, inclusive; and
(2) at the State’s discretion, to 2-year-old children with disabilities who will turn 3 during the school year.
**(b) Eligibility** A State shall be eligible for a grant under this section if such State—
(1) is eligible under [section 1412 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1412&num=0&edition=prelim) to receive a grant under this subchapter; and
(2) makes a free appropriate public education available to all children with disabilities, aged 3 through 5, residing in the State.
**(c) Allocations to States**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary shall allocate the amount made available to carry out this section for a fiscal year among the States in accordance with paragraph (2) or (3), as the case may be.
(2) **Increase in funds** — If the amount available for allocations to States under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year is equal to or greater than the amount allocated to the States under this section for the preceding fiscal year, those allocations shall be calculated as follows:
(A) *Allocation*
(i) *In general* — Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall—
(I) allocate to each State the amount the State received under this section for fiscal year 1997;
(II) allocate 85 percent of any remaining funds to States on the basis of the States’ relative populations of children aged 3 through 5; and
(III) allocate 15 percent of those remaining funds to States on the basis of the States’ relative populations of all children aged 3 through
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 1419
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** Congress finds that there is an urgent and substantial need—
(1) to enhance the development of infants and toddlers with disabilities, to minimize their potential for developmental delay, and to recognize the significant brain development that occurs during a child’s first 3 years of life;
(2) to reduce the educational costs to our society, including our Nation’s schools, by minimizing the need for special education and related services after infants and toddlers with disabilities reach school age;
(3) to maximize the potential for individuals with disabilities to live independently in society;
(4) to enhance the capacity of families to meet the special needs of their infants and toddlers with disabilities; and
(5) to enhance the capacity of State and local agencies and service providers to identify, evaluate, and meet the needs of all children, particularly minority, low-income, inner city, and rural children, and infants and toddlers in foster care.
**(b) Policy** It is the policy of the United States to provide financial assistance to States—
(1) to develop and implement a statewide, comprehensive, coordinated, multidisciplinary, interagency system that provides early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families;
(2) to facilitate the coordination of payment for early intervention services from Federal, State, local, and private sources (including public and private insurance coverage);
(3) to enhance State capacity to provide quality early intervention services and expand and improve existing early intervention services being provided to infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families; and
(4) to encourage States to expand opportunities for children under 3 years of age who would be at risk
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 1431
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Each program for which grants are made under this subchapter shall provide for a thorough evaluation of the effectiveness of the program in achieving its purposes, which evaluation shall be conducted by such public or private organizations as the Secretary in consultation with existing grantees familiar with programs carried out under the Community Services Block Grant Act [[42 U.S.C. 9901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] may designate, and all or part of the costs of evaluation may be paid from funds appropriated to carry out this part. In evaluating the performance of any community development corporation funded under part A, the criteria for evaluation shall be based upon such program objectives, goals, and priorities as are consistent with the purposes of this subchapter and were set forth by such community development corporation in its proposal for funding as approved and agreed upon by or as subsequently modified from time to time by mutual agreement between the Secretary and such community development corporation.
**(b)** The Secretary shall conduct, either directly or through grants or other arrangements, research and demonstration projects designed to suggest new programs and policies to achieve the purposes of this subchapter in such ways as to provide opportunities for employment, ownership, and a better quality of life for low-income residents.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 9801
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the purpose of this subchapter to promote the school readiness of low-income children by enhancing their cognitive, social, and emotional development—
(1) in a learning environment that supports children’s growth in language, literacy, mathematics, science, social and emotional functioning, creative arts, physical skills, and approaches to learning; and
(2) through the provision to low-income children and their families of health, educational, nutritional, social, and other services that are determined, based on family needs assessments, to be necessary.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 9831
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Short title** This chapter may be cited as the “Individuals with Disabilities Education Act”.
**(b) Omitted**
**(c) Findings** Congress finds the following:
(1) Disability is a natural part of the human experience and in no way diminishes the right of individuals to participate in or contribute to society. Improving educational results for children with disabilities is an essential element of our national policy of ensuring equality of opportunity, full participation, independent living, and economic self-sufficiency for individuals with disabilities.
(2) Before the date of enactment of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (Public Law 94–142), the educational needs of millions of children with disabilities were not being fully met because—
(A) the children did not receive appropriate educational services;
(B) the children were excluded entirely from the public school system and from being educated with their peers;
(C) undiagnosed disabilities prevented the children from having a successful educational experience; or
(D) a lack of adequate resources within the public school system forced families to find services outside the public school system.
(3) Since the enactment and implementation of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, this chapter has been successful in ensuring children with disabilities and the families of such children access to a free appropriate public education and in improving educational results for children with disabilities.
(4) However, the implementation of this chapter has been impeded by low expectations, and an insufficient focus on applying replicable research on proven methods of teaching and learning for children with disabilities.
(5) Almost 30 years of research and experience has
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 1400
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 983
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 1419
English proficiency status, gender, and dis-
ability category, of children with disabilities,
including suspensions of 1 day or more.
(E) The number and percentage of children
with disabilities who are removed to alter-
native educational settings or expelled as
compared to children without disabilities who
are removed to alternative educational set-
tings or expelled.
(F) The number of due process complaints
filed under section 1415 of this title and the
number of hearings conducted.
(G) The number of hearings requested under
section 1415(k) of this title and the number of
changes in placements ordered as a result of
those hearings.
(H) The number of mediations held and the
number of settlement agreements reached
through such mediations.
(2) The number and percentage of infants
and toddlers, by race, and ethnicity, who are
at risk of having substantial developmental
delays (as defined in section 1432 of this title),
and who are receiving early intervention serv-
ices under subchapter III.
(3) Any other information that may be re-
quired by the Secretary.
(b) Data reporting
(1) Protection of identifiable data
The data described in subsection (a) shall be
publicly reported by each State in a manner
that does not result in the disclosure of data
identifiable to individual children.
(2) Sampling
The Secretary may permit States and the
Secretary of the Interior to obtain the data
described in subsection (a) through sampling.
(c) Technical assistance
The Secretary may provide technical assist-
ance to States to ensure compliance with the
data collection and reporting requirements
under this chapter.
(d) Disproportionality
(1) In general
Each State that receives assistance under
this subchapter, and the
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 20 U.S.C. § 1419
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 986
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 1431
by States to local educational agencies and inter-
mediate educational units, was omitted in the general
amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by
Pub. L. 105–17.
Prior sections 1421 to 1427, which comprised former
subchapter III of this chapter, were repealed by Pub. L.
105–17, title II, § 203(c), June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 157, effec-
tive Oct. 1, 1997.
Section 1421, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 621, Apr. 13,
1970, 84 Stat. 181; Pub. L. 98–199, §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983,
97 Stat. 1358, 1363; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 301, Oct. 8,
1986, 100 Stat. 1159; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(b), Nov.
7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3296; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 301, title
IX, § 901(b)(95)–(99), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1117, 1146;
Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 607, related
to establishment and operation of regional and Federal
resource centers.
Section 1422, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 622, Apr. 13,
1970, 84 Stat. 182; Pub. L. 98–199, §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983,
97 Stat. 1358, 1364; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 302, Oct. 8,
1986, 100 Stat. 1160; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(c), Nov.
7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3297; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 302, Oct.
30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1118; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(a)(8), Oct. 7,
1991, 105 Stat. 606; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(f)(3),
Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 4023, related to services for deaf-
blind children and youth.
Section 1423, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 623, Apr. 13,
1970, 84 Stat. 183; Pub. L. 98–199, §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983,
97 Stat. 1358, 1365; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 303, Oct. 8,
1986, 100 Stat. 1161; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(d), Nov.
7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3297; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 303, title
IX, § 901(b)(100)–(106), Oct. 30
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 20 U.S.C. § 1431
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 7833
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 9831
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 [Aug. 13,
1981]).
‘‘(3) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ means the
Secretary of Health and Human Services.’’
SUBCHAPTER II—HEAD START PROGRAMS
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Subchapter is based on subchapter B of chapter 8 of
subtitle A of title VI of Pub. L. 97–35, Aug. 13, 1981, 95
Stat. 499, as amended.
§ 9831. Statement of purpose
It is the purpose of this subchapter to promote
the school readiness of low-income children by
enhancing their cognitive, social, and emotional
development—
(1) in a learning environment that supports
children’s growth in language, literacy, math-
ematics, science, social and emotional func-
tioning, creative arts, physical skills, and ap-
proaches to learning; and
(2) through the provision to low-income chil-
dren and their families of health, educational,
nutritional, social, and other services that are
determined, based on family needs assess-
ments, to be necessary.
(Pub. L. 97–35, title VI, § 636, Aug. 13, 1981, 95
Stat. 499; Pub. L. 101–501, title I, § 102, Nov. 3,
1990, 104 Stat. 1224; Pub. L. 105–285, title I, § 102,
Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2703; Pub. L. 110–134, § 2,
Dec. 12, 2007, 121 Stat. 1363.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2007—Pub. L. 110–134 amended section generally. Prior
to amendment, text read as follows: ‘‘It is the purpose
of this subchapter to promote school readiness by en-
hancing the social and cognitive development of low-in-
come children through the provision, to low-income
children and their families, of health, educational, nu-
tritional, social, and other services that are deter-
mined, based on family needs assessments, to be nec-
essary.’’
1998—Pub. L. 105–285 amended section catchline and
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 9831
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