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22 U.S.C. § 2399d — Shipping differential

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2399d — Shipping differential

For the purpose of facilitating implementation of [section 55305 of title 46](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section55305&num=0&edition=prelim), funds made available for the purposes of part I of subchapter I of this chapter or for purposes of part IV of subchapter II of this chapter may be used to make grants to recipients to pay all or any portion of such differential as is determined by the Secretary of Commerce to exist between United States and foreign-flag vessel charter or freight rates. Grants made under this section shall be paid with United States-owned foreign currencies wherever feasible.

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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 32, § 2399d; chapter-032-foreign-assistance.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

46 U.S.C. § 55305 — Cargoes procured, furnished, or financed by the United States Government

**(a) Minimum Tonnage.—** When the United States Government procures, contracts for, or otherwise obtains for its own account, or furnishes to or for the account of a foreign country, organization, or persons without provision for reimbursement, any equipment, materials, or commodities, or provides financing in any way with Federal funds for the account of any persons unless otherwise exempted, within or without the United States, or advances funds or credits, or guarantees the convertibility of foreign currencies in connection with the furnishing or obtaining of the equipment, materials, or commodities, the appropriate agencies shall take steps necessary and practicable to ensure that at least 50 percent of the gross tonnage of the equipment, materials, or commodities (computed separately for dry bulk carriers, dry cargo liners, and tankers) which may be transported on ocean vessels is transported on privately-owned commercial vessels of the United States, as provided under subsection (b), to the extent those vessels are available at fair and reasonable rates for commercial vessels of the United States, in a manner that will ensure a fair and reasonable participation of commercial vessels of the United States in those cargoes by geographic areas. **(b) Eligible Vessels.—** To be eligible to carry cargo as provided under subsection (a), a privately-owned commercial vessel shall be documented under the laws of the United States— (1) for not less than three years; or (2) after January 1, 2030, for less than three years, if the vessel owner signs an agreement with the Secretary providing that— (A) the vessel shall remain documented under the laws of the United States for not less than three years; and (B) the vessel owner shall, upon request of the Secretary, agre

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2293 — Long-term development assistance for sub-Saharan Africa

**(a) Findings** The Congress finds that— (1) drought and famine have caused countless deaths and untold suffering among the people of sub-Saharan Africa; (2) drought and famine in combination with other factors such as desertification, government neglect of the agricultural sector, and inappropriate economic policies have severely affected long-term development in sub-Saharan Africa; and (3) the most cost-effective and efficient way of overcoming Africa’s vulnerability to drought and famine is to address Africa’s long-term development needs through a process that builds upon the needs and capabilities of the African people, promotes sustained and equitable economic growth, preserves the environment, and protects the rights of the individual. **(b) Authority to furnish assistance** The President is authorized to furnish project and program assistance, on such terms and conditions as he may determine in accordance with the policies contained in this section, for long-term development in sub-Saharan Africa. **(c) Purpose of assistance** (1) **Purpose** — The purpose of assistance under this section shall be to help the poor majority of men and women in sub-Saharan Africa to participate in a process of long-term development through economic growth that is equitable, participatory, environmentally sustainable, and self-reliant. (2) **Use of assistance to encourage private sector development** — Assistance under this section should, in a manner consistent with paragraph (1), be used to promote sustained economic growth, encourage private sector development, promote individual initiatives, and help to reduce the role of central governments in areas more appropriate for the private sector. **(d) Application of development assistance general authorities and policies** E

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

22 U.S.C. § 2399d — Shipping differential

Page 924 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 2399d (f) Studies To carry out the purposes of subsection (a), the Committee shall— (1) prepare studies on various development problems; (2) devise implementation strategies on de- velopmental problems appropriate to each such department or agency; (3) monitor and evaluate the results of the development activities of each such depart- ment or agency; and (4) arrange for the exchange of information and studies between such agencies and depart- ments. (Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 640B, as added Pub. L. 93–189, § 21, Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 725; amended Pub. L. 95–88, title I, § 127, Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 542; Pub. L. 95–424, title V, § 502(d), Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 959; Pub. L. 96–53, title I, § 118, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 365; Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, § 734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1981—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–113 struck our subsec. (g) which required annual reports to Congress by the Chairman of the Development Coordination Committee on the activities of the Committee respecting aid to low-income countries. See section 2394(a) of this title. 1979—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 96–53 inserted reference to Department of Energy. 1978—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–424, § 502(d)(1), struck out subsec. (d) relating to annual reports to Congress by the President on United States actions affecting the de- velopment of less developed countries. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 95–424, § 502(d)(2), substituted ‘‘section 2394 of this title, the Chairman of the Com- mittee’’ for ‘‘subsection (d) of this section, the Presi- dent’’. 1977—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–88, § 127(a), provided that the Committee advise the President concerning the de- gree to which bilateral and multilateral d

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