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28 U.S.C. § 1865 — Qualifications for jury service
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The chief judge of the district court, or such other district court judge as the plan may provide, on his initiative or upon recommendation of the clerk or jury commission, or the clerk under supervision of the court if the court’s jury selection plan so authorizes, shall determine solely on the basis of information provided on the juror qualification form and other competent evidence whether a person is unqualified for, or exempt, or to be excused from jury service. The clerk shall enter such determination in the space provided on the juror qualification form and in any alphabetical list of names drawn from the master jury wheel. If a person did not appear in response to a summons, such fact shall be noted on said list.
**(b)** In making such determination the chief judge of the district court, or such other district court judge as the plan may provide, or the clerk if the court’s jury selection plan so provides, shall deem any person qualified to serve on grand and petit juries in the district court unless he—
(1) is not a citizen of the United States eighteen years old who has resided for a period of one year within the judicial district;
(2) is unable to read, write, and understand the English language with a degree of proficiency sufficient to fill out satisfactorily the juror qualification form;
(3) is unable to speak the English language;
(4) is incapable, by reason of mental or physical infirmity, to render satisfactory jury service; or
(5) has a charge pending against him for the commission of, or has been convicted in a State or Federal court of record of, a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year and his civil rights have not been restored.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-28/section-1865-qualifications-for-jury-service--c8016447a0.md
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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 121, § 1865; chapter-121-juries-trial-by-jury.md
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**(a)** The chief judge of the district court, or such other district court judge as the plan may provide, on his initiative or upon recommendation of the clerk or jury commission, or the clerk under supervision of the court if the court’s jury selection plan so authorizes, shall determine solely on the basis of information provided on the juror qualification form and other competent evidence whether a person is unqualified for, or exempt, or to be excused from jury service. The clerk shall enter such determination in the space provided on the juror qualification form and in any alphabetical list of names drawn from the master jury wheel. If a person did not appear in response to a summons, such fact shall be noted on said list.
**(b)** In making such determination the chief judge of the district court, or such other district court judge as the plan may provide, or the clerk if the court’s jury selection plan so provides, shall deem any person qualified to serve on grand and petit juries in the district court unless he—
(1) is not a citizen of the United States eighteen years old who has resided for a period of one year within the judicial district;
(2) is unable to read, write, and understand the English language with a degree of proficiency sufficient to fill out satisfactorily the juror qualification form;
(3) is unable to speak the English language;
(4) is incapable, by reason of mental or physical infirmity, to render satisfactory jury service; or
(5) has a charge pending against him for the commission of, or has been convicted in a State or Federal court of record of, a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year and his civil rights have not been restored.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Ohio is divided into two judicial districts to be known as the Northern and Southern Districts of Ohio.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the policy of the United States that all litigants in Federal courts entitled to trial by jury shall have the right to grand and petit juries selected at random from a fair cross section of the community in the district or division wherein the court convenes. It is further the policy of the United States that all citizens shall have the opportunity to be considered for service on grand and petit juries in the district courts of the United States, and shall have an obligation to serve as jurors when summoned for that purpose.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action brought for the protection of jurors’ employment under [section 1875 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1875&num=0&edition=prelim).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Distribution of publications to Federal courts in accordance with the provisions of this chapter shall not be made to any place where such court is held in a building not owned or controlled by the United States unless such publications are committed to the custody of an officer of the United States at such building.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The jury commission, or in the absence thereof the clerk, shall maintain a qualified jury wheel and shall place in such wheel names of all persons drawn from the master jury wheel who are determined to be qualified as jurors and not exempt or excused pursuant to the district court plan. From time to time, the jury commission or the clerk shall draw at random from the qualified jury wheel such number of names of persons as may be required for assignment to grand and petit jury panels. The clerk or jury commission shall post a general notice for public review in the clerk’s office and on the court’s website explaining the process by which names are periodically and randomly drawn. The jury commission or the clerk shall prepare a separate list of names of persons assigned to each grand and petit jury panel.
**(b)** When the court orders a grand or petit jury to be drawn, the clerk or jury commission or their duly designated deputies shall issue summonses for the required number of jurors.Each person drawn for jury service may be served personally, or by registered, certified, or first-class mail addressed to such person at his usual residence or business address. If such service is made personally, the summons shall be delivered by the clerk or the jury commission or their duly designated deputies to the marshal who shall make such service. If such service is made by mail, the summons may be served by the marshal or by the clerk, the jury commission or their duly designated deputies, who shall make affidavit of service and shall attach thereto any receipt from the addressee for a registered or certified summons.
**(c)** Except as provided in [section 1865 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1865&num=0&edition
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 1866
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 471
TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
§ 1865
Stat. 873; May 21, 1945, ch. 129, title IV, 59 Stat. 198;
July 5, 1946, ch. 541, title IV, 60 Stat. 478).
The words ‘‘The district court’’ were substituted for
the phrase ‘‘the judge thereof, or by the judge senior in
commission in districts having more than one judge’’
to conform to other sections authorizing appointment
of court officers. See section 751 of this title relating to
appointment of district court clerk.
The limitation in section 412a of title 28, U.S.C., 1940
ed., that jury commissioners shall serve no more than
three days in any one term of court was omitted as un-
necessary. This is a matter that may safely be left to
the discretion of the court.
The last paragraph was added in conformity with sec-
tion 11–1401 of the District of Columbia Code, 1940 ed.,
providing for three jury commissioners.
Changes were made in phraseology.
SENATE REVISION AMENDMENT
As finally enacted, act July 9, 1947, ch. 211, title IV,
61 Stat. 304, which was classified to Title 28, U.S.C., 1946
ed., § 412a, was also a source of this section. Accord-
ingly such act was included by Senate amendment in
the schedule of repeals. See 80th Congress Senate Re-
port No. 1559.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–406, § 5(a), struck out
‘‘publicly’’ after ‘‘judge shall’’ in first sentence and in-
serted ‘‘The clerk or jury commission shall post a gen-
eral notice for public review in the clerk’s office and on
the court’s website explaining the process by which
names are periodically and randomly drawn.’’ after
first sentence.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–406, § 17(a), substituted ‘‘$1,000,
imprisoned not more than three days, ordered to per-
form community service, or any combination thereo
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