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42 U.S.C. § 2156a — Regulations establishing levels of physical security to protect facilities and material
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Within sixty days of March 10, 1978, the Commission shall, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary of Defense, promulgate (and may from time to time amend) regulations establishing the levels of physical security which in its judgement are no less strict than those established by any international guidelines to which the United States subscribes and which in its judgment will provide adequate protection for facilities and material referred to in paragraph (3) of [section 2156 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2156&num=0&edition=prelim) taking into consideration variations in risks to security as appropriate.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-2156a-regulations-establishing-levels-of-physical-security-to-protect-faciliti--9cb2facfa9.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 23, § 2156a; chapter-023-development-and-control-of-atomic-energy.md
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Within sixty days of March 10, 1978, the Commission shall, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary of Defense, promulgate (and may from time to time amend) regulations establishing the levels of physical security which in its judgement are no less strict than those established by any international guidelines to which the United States subscribes and which in its judgment will provide adequate protection for facilities and material referred to in paragraph (3) of [section 2156 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2156&num=0&edition=prelim) taking into consideration variations in risks to security as appropriate.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The United States adopts the following criteria which, in addition to other requirements of law, will govern exports for peaceful nuclear uses from the United States of source material, special nuclear material, production or utilization facilities, and any sensitive nuclear technology:
(1) IAEA safeguards as required by Article III(2) of the Treaty will be applied with respect to any such material or facilities proposed to be exported, to any such material or facilities previously exported and subject to the applicable agreement for cooperation, and to any special nuclear material used in or produced through the use thereof.
(2) No such material, facilities, or sensitive nuclear technology proposed to be exported or previously exported and subject to the applicable agreement for cooperation, and no special nuclear material produced through the use of such materials, facilities, or sensitive nuclear technology, will be used for any nuclear explosive device or for research on or development of any nuclear explosive device.
(3) Adequate physical security measures will be maintained with respect to such material or facilities proposed to be exported and to any special nuclear material used in or produced through the use thereof. Following the effective date of any regulations promulgated by the Commission pursuant to [section 2156a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section2156a&num=0&edition=prelim), physical security measures shall be deemed adequate if such measures provide a level of protection equivalent to that required by the applicable regulations.
(4) No such materials, facilities, or sensitive nuclear technology proposed to be exported, and no special nuclear material produced through the use of such material,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 2156
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Submission of plan and report** Not later than 60 days after October 21, 1998, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a reorganization plan and report regarding—
(1) the abolition of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, the United States Information Agency, and the United States International Development Cooperation Agency in accordance with this chapter;
(2) with respect to the Agency for International Development, the consolidation and streamlining of the Agency and the transfer of certain functions of the Agency to the Department in accordance with [section 6581 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6581&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) the termination of functions of each covered agency as may be necessary to effectuate the reorganization under this chapter, and the termination of the affairs of each agency abolished under this chapter;
(4) the transfer to the Department of the functions and personnel of each covered agency consistent with the provisions of this chapter; and
(5) the consolidation, reorganization, and streamlining of the Department in connection with the transfer of such functions and personnel in order to carry out such functions.
**(b) Covered agencies** The agencies covered by this section are the following:
(1) The United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency.
(2) The United States Information Agency.
(3) The United States International Development Cooperation Agency.
(4) The Agency for International Development.
**(c) Plan elements** The plan transmitted under subsection (a) shall contain, consistent with this chapter, such elements as the President deems appropriate, including elements that—
(1) identify the functions of eac
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6601
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Energy development programs** The United States shall initiate a program, consistent with the aims of [section 3261 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section3261&num=0&edition=prelim), to cooperate with developing countries for the purpose of—
(1) meeting the energy needs required for the development of such countries;
(2) reducing the dependence of such countries on petroleum fuels, with emphasis given to utilizing solar and other renewable energy resources; and
(3) expanding the energy alternatives available to such countries.
**(b) Energy assessments and cooperative projects** Such program shall include cooperation in evaluating the energy alternatives of developing countries, facilitating international trade in energy commodities, developing energy resources, and applying suitable energy technologies. The program shall include both general and country-specific energy assessments and cooperative projects in resource exploration and production, training, research and development.
**(c) Exchange of scientists, technicians, and energy experts** As an integral part of such program, the Department of Energy, under the general policy guidance of the Department of State and in cooperation with the Agency for International Development and other Federal agencies as appropriate, shall initiate, as soon as practicable, a program for the exchange of United States scientists, technicians, and energy experts with those of developing countries to implement the purposes of this section.
**(d) Authorization of appropriations** For the purposes of carrying out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated such sums as are contained in annual authorization Acts for the Department of Energy, including such sums which h
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 3201
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency is abolished.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6511
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 5450
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 2156
known as the ‘‘International Nuclear Export and
Innovation Branch’’, to carry out the inter-
national nuclear export and innovation activi-
ties described in subsection (a) as the Commis-
sion determines to be appropriate and within
the mission of the Commission.
(c) Omitted
(d) Interagency coordination
The Commission shall coordinate all inter-
national activities under this section with the
Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, and
other applicable agencies, as appropriate.
(e) Savings clause
Nothing in this section alters the authority of
the Commission to license and regulate the ci-
vilian use of radioactive materials.
(Pub. L. 118–67, div. B, title I, § 101, July 9, 2024,
138 Stat. 1450.)
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section was enacted as part of the Accelerating De-
ployment of Versatile, Advanced Nuclear for Clean En-
ergy Act of 2024, also known as the ADVANCE Act of
2024, and not as part of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954
which comprises this chapter.
Section is comprised of section 101 of div. B of Pub.
L. 118–67. Subsec. (c) of section 101 of div. B of Pub. L.
118–67 amended section 2215 of this title and enacted
provisions set out as a note under section 2215 of this
title.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
DEFINITIONS
For definitions of terms used in this section, see sec-
tion 2 of div. B of Pub. L. 118–67, set out as a note under
section 2011 of this title.
§ 2156. Criteria governing United States nuclear
exports
The United States adopts the following cri-
teria which, in addition to other requirements of
law, will govern exports for peaceful nuclear
uses from the United States of source material,
special nuclear material, production or utiliza-
tion facili
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 2156a
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