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22 U.S.C. § 8723 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to provision of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company or the National Iranian Tanker Company
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Except as provided in subsection (b), not later than 60 days after August 10, 2012, the President shall impose 5 or more of the sanctions described in section 6(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by section 204, with respect to a person if the President determines that the person knowingly, on or after August 10, 2012, provides underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company, the National Iranian Tanker Company, or a successor entity to either such company.
**(b) Exceptions**
(1) **Underwriters and insurance providers exercising due diligence** — The President is authorized not to impose sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person that provides underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance if the President determines that the person has exercised due diligence in establishing and enforcing official policies, procedures, and controls to ensure that the person does not provide underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company, the National Iranian Tanker Company, or a successor entity to either such company.
(2) **Food; medicine; humanitarian assistance** — The President may not impose sanctions under subsection (a) for the provision of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for any activity relating solely to—
(A) the provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical devices to Iran; or
(B) the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Iran.
(3) **Termination period** — The President is authorized not to impose sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person if the President receives reliable assurances that the person will terminate the provision of underwriting services or insurance or rein
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 94, § 8723; chapter-094-iran-threat-reduction-and-syria-human-rights.md
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**(a) In general** Except as provided in subsection (b), not later than 60 days after August 10, 2012, the President shall impose 5 or more of the sanctions described in section 6(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by section 204, with respect to a person if the President determines that the person knowingly, on or after August 10, 2012, provides underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company, the National Iranian Tanker Company, or a successor entity to either such company.
**(b) Exceptions**
(1) **Underwriters and insurance providers exercising due diligence** — The President is authorized not to impose sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person that provides underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance if the President determines that the person has exercised due diligence in establishing and enforcing official policies, procedures, and controls to ensure that the person does not provide underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company, the National Iranian Tanker Company, or a successor entity to either such company.
(2) **Food; medicine; humanitarian assistance** — The President may not impose sanctions under subsection (a) for the provision of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for any activity relating solely to—
(A) the provision of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical devices to Iran; or
(B) the provision of humanitarian assistance to the people of Iran.
(3) **Termination period** — The President is authorized not to impose sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a person if the President receives reliable assurances that the person will terminate the provision of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company, the National Iranian Tanker Company, and any successor entity to either such company, not later than the date that is 120 days after August 10, 2012.
**(c) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given that term in [section 5602 of title 7](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Medical device** — The term “medical device” has the meaning given the term “device” in [section 321 of title 21](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section321&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) **Medicine** — The term “medicine” has the meaning given the term “drug” in [section 321 of title 21](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section321&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(d) Application of provisions of Iran Sanctions Act of 1996** The following provisions of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by this Act, apply with respect to the imposition of sanctions under subsection (a) to the same extent that such provisions apply with respect to the imposition of sanctions under section 5(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996:
(1) Subsection (c) of section 4.
(2) Subsections (c), (d), and (f) of section 5.
(3) Section 8.
(4) Section 9.
(5) Section 11.
(6) Section 12.
(7) Subsection (b) of section 13.
(8) Section 14.
**(e) Rule of construction and implementation** Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the authority of the President to impose sanctions pursuant to the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; [50 U.S.C. 1701](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1701&num=0&edition=prelim) note), the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 ([22 U.S.C. 8501](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section8501&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ([50 U.S.C. 1701](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1701&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), [section 8513a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section8513a&num=0&edition=prelim), or any other provision of this Act.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any authority granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.
**(b)** The authorities granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 1701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this chapter—
(1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” means any agricultural commodity, food, feed, fiber, or livestock (including livestock as it is defined in [section 1471(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1471/2&num=0&edition=prelim) and insects), and any product thereof.
(2) **Developing country** — The term “developing country” means a country that—
(A) has a shortage of foreign exchange earnings and has difficulty accessing sufficient commercial credit to meet all of its food needs, as determined by the Secretary; and
(B) has the potential to become a commercial market for agricultural commodities.
(3) **Secretary** — The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Agriculture.
(4) **Service** — The term “Service” means the Foreign Agricultural Service of the Department of Agriculture.
(5) **Unfair trade practice**
(A) *In general* — Subject to subparagraph (B), the term “unfair trade practice” means any act, policy, or practice of a foreign country that—
(i) violates, or is inconsistent with, the provisions of, or otherwise denies benefits to the United States under, any trade agreement to which the United States is a party;
(ii) in the case of a monopolistic state trading enterprise engaged in the export sale of an agricultural commodity, implements a pricing practice that is inconsistent with sound commercial practice;
(iii) provides a subsidy that—
(I) decreases market opportunities for United States exports; or
(II) unfairly distorts an agricultural market to the detriment of United States exporters;
(iv) imposes an unfair technical barrier to trade, including—
(I) a trade restriction or commercial requirement (s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 5602
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The Financial Action Task Force is an intergovernmental body whose purpose is to develop and promote national and international policies to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.
(2) Thirty-three countries, plus the European Commission and the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, belong to the Financial Action Task Force. The member countries of the Financial Action Task Force include the United States, Canada, most countries in western Europe, Russia, the People’s Republic of China, Japan, South Korea, Argentina, and Brazil.
(3) In 2008 the Financial Action Task Force extended its mandate to include addressing “new and emerging threats such as proliferation financing”, meaning the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and published “guidance papers” for members to assist them in implementing various United Nations Security Council resolutions dealing with weapons of mass destruction, including United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1737 (2006) and 1803 (2008), which deal specifically with proliferation by Iran.
(4) The Financial Action Task Force has repeatedly called on members—
(A) to advise financial institutions in their jurisdictions to give special attention to business relationships and transactions with Iran, including Iranian companies and financial institutions;
(B) to apply effective countermeasures to protect their financial sectors from risks relating to money laundering and financing of terrorism that emanate from Iran;
(C) to protect against correspondent relationships being used by Iran and Iranian companies and financial institutions to bypass or evade countermeasures and risk-mitigation practices; and
(D) to take into acc
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 8513a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purposes of this chapter—
**(a)**
(1) The term “State”, except as used in the last sentence of [section 372(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section372/a&num=0&edition=prelim), means any State or Territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
(2) The term “Territory” means any Territory or possession of the United States, including the District of Columbia, and excluding the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Canal Zone.
**(b)** The term “interstate commerce” means (1) commerce between any State or Territory and any place outside thereof, and (2) commerce within the District of Columbia or within any other Territory not organized with a legislative body.
**(c)** The term “Department” means Department of Health and Human Services.
**(d)** The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
**(e)** The term “person” includes individual, partnership, corporation, and association.
**(f)** The term “food” means (1) articles used for food or drink for man or other animals, (2) chewing gum, and (3) articles used for components of any such article.
**(g)**
(1) The term “drug” means (A) articles recognized in the official United States Pharmacopoeia,11 So in original. Probably should be “Pharmacopeia,”. official Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States, or official National Formulary, or any supplement to any of them; and (B) articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man or other animals; and (C) articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals; and (D) articles intended for use as a component of any article specif
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 321
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The provisions of this subchapter and any sanctions imposed pursuant to this subchapter shall terminate on the date on which the President submits to the appropriate congressional committees—
(1) the certification described in subsection (b); and
(2) a certification that—
(A) the Government of Syria is democratically elected and representative of the people of Syria; or
(B) a legitimate transitional government of Syria is in place.
**(b) Certification described** A certification described in this subsection is a certification by the President that the Government of Syria—
(1) has unconditionally released all political prisoners;
(2) has ceased its practices of violence, unlawful detention, torture, and abuse of citizens of Syria engaged in peaceful political activity;
(3) has ceased its practice of procuring sensitive technology designed to restrict the free flow of unbiased information in Syria, or to disrupt, monitor, or otherwise restrict the right of citizens of Syria to freedom of expression;
(4) has ceased providing support for foreign terrorist organizations and no longer allows such organizations, including Hamas, Hezbollah, and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, to maintain facilities in territory under the control of the Government of Syria; and
(5) has ceased the development and deployment of medium- and long-range surface-to-surface ballistic missiles;
(6) is not pursuing or engaged in the research, development, acquisition, production, transfer, or deployment of biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons, and has provided credible assurances that it will not engage in such activities in the future; and
(7) has agreed to allow the United Nations and other international observers to verify that the Government of Syria is not engaging
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 8701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this subchapter:
(1) **Appropriate congressional committees** — The term “appropriate congressional committees” means—
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.
(2) **Covered family member** — The term “covered family member”, with respect to a foreign person who is an individual, means a spouse, adult child, parent, or sibling of the person who engages in the sanctionable activity described under [section 8572 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section8572&num=0&edition=prelim) or who demonstrably benefits from such activity.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 8501
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2069
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 8501
Sec.
8564.
Report and imposition of sanctions with re-
spect to foreign financial institutions con-
ducting significant transactions with per-
sons responsible for or complicit in abuses
toward dissidents on behalf of the Govern-
ment of Iran.
8565.
Exceptions; waivers; implementation.
8566.
Exception relating to importation of goods.
SUBCHAPTER VI—STOP HARBORING IRANIAN
PETROLEUM
8571.
Statement of policy.
8572.
Imposition of sanctions with respect to Ira-
nian petroleum.
8573.
Report on Iranian petroleum and petroleum
products exports.
8574.
Strategy to counter role of the People’s Re-
public of China in evasion of sanctions with
respect to Iran.
8575.
Definitions.
§ 8501. Findings
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The illicit nuclear activities of the Gov-
ernment of Iran, combined with its develop-
ment of unconventional weapons and ballistic
missiles and its support for international ter-
rorism, represent a threat to the security of
the United States, its strong ally Israel, and
other allies of the United States around the
world.
(2) The United States and other responsible
countries have a vital interest in working to-
gether to prevent the Government of Iran
from acquiring a nuclear weapons capability.
(3) The International Atomic Energy Agency
has repeatedly called attention to Iran’s illicit
nuclear activities and, as a result, the United
Nations Security Council has adopted a range
of sanctions designed to encourage the Gov-
ernment of Iran to suspend those activities
and comply with its obligations under the
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear
Weapons, done at Washington, London, and
Moscow July 1, 1968, and entered into force
March 5, 1970 (co
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 8501
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 22 U.S.C. § 8501. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2123
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 8723
shall impose 5 or more of the sanctions de-
scribed in section 6(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act
of 1996, as amended by section 204, with respect
to a person if the President determines that the
person knowingly, on or after August 10, 2012,
provides underwriting services or insurance or
reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Com-
pany, the National Iranian Tanker Company, or
a successor entity to either such company.
(b) Exceptions
(1) Underwriters and insurance providers exer-
cising due diligence
The President is authorized not to impose
sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to
a person that provides underwriting services
or insurance or reinsurance if the President
determines that the person has exercised due
diligence in establishing and enforcing official
policies, procedures, and controls to ensure
that the person does not provide underwriting
services or insurance or reinsurance for the
National Iranian Oil Company, the National
Iranian Tanker Company, or a successor enti-
ty to either such company.
(2) Food; medicine; humanitarian assistance
The President may not impose sanctions
under subsection (a) for the provision of un-
derwriting services or insurance or reinsur-
ance for any activity relating solely to—
(A) the provision of agricultural commod-
ities, food, medicine, or medical devices to
Iran; or
(B) the provision of humanitarian assist-
ance to the people of Iran.
(3) Termination period
The President is authorized not to impose
sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to
a person if the President receives reliable as-
surances that the person will terminate the
provision of underwriting services or insur-
ance or reinsurance for the National Iranian
Oil Co
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 8723
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 151
TITLE 50—WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
§ 1701
CHAPTER 35—INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY
ECONOMIC POWERS
Sec.
1701.
Unusual and extraordinary threat; declara-
tion of national emergency; exercise of
Presidential authorities.
1702.
Presidential authorities.
1703.
Consultation and reports.
1704.
Authority to issue regulations.
1705.
Penalties.
1706.
Savings provisions.
1707.
Multinational economic embargoes against
governments in armed conflict with the
United States.
1708.
Actions to address economic or industrial es-
pionage in cyberspace.
1709.
Imposition of sanctions with respect to theft
of trade secrets of United States persons.
1710.
Confronting asymmetric and malicious cyber
activities.
§ 1701. Unusual and extraordinary threat; dec-
laration of national emergency; exercise of
Presidential authorities
(a) Any authority granted to the President by
section 1702 of this title may be exercised to deal
with any unusual and extraordinary threat,
which has its source in whole or substantial part
outside the United States, to the national secu-
rity, foreign policy, or economy of the United
States, if the President declares a national
emergency with respect to such threat.
(b) The authorities granted to the President
by section 1702 of this title may only be exer-
cised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary
threat with respect to which a national emer-
gency has been declared for purposes of this
chapter and may not be exercised for any other
purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal
with any new threat shall be based on a new dec-
laration of national emergency which must be
with respect to such threat.
(Pub. L. 95–223, title II, § 202, Dec. 28, 1977, 91
Stat. 1626.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SHORT TITLE
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 50 U.S.C. § 1701
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 50 U.S.C. § 1701. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.