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10 U.S.C. § 8731 — Requirements as to consultation and ap-
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 3367
TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES
§ 8731
U.S.C. 13a, 13b, and 21a).’’ for ‘‘(1) the Act entitled ‘An
Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful re-
straints and monopolies’, approved July 2, 1890 (15
U.S.C. 1 et seq.), as amended;’’ ‘‘(2) the Act entitled ‘An
Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful re-
straints and monopolies, and for other purposes’, ap-
proved October 15, 1914 (15 U.S.C. 12 et seq.), as amend-
ed;’’ ‘‘(3) the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C.
41 et seq.), as amended;’’ ‘‘(4) sections 73 and 74 of the
Act entitled ‘An Act to reduce taxation, to provide rev-
enue for the Government, and for other purposes’, ap-
proved August 27, 1894 (15 U.S.C. 8 and 9), as amended;
or’’, and ‘‘(5) sections 2, 3, and 4 of the Act of June 19,
1936, chapter 592 (15 U.S.C. 13a, 13b, and 21a)’’, respec-
tively.
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 96–513, § 513(34)(E), inserted ‘‘(15
U.S.C. 717 et seq.)’’.
Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 96–294, § 804(b), amended subsec.
(k) generally, inserting references to the Secretary,
provision authorizing the exchange of petroleum under
terms and conditions determined appropriate without
regard to Federal procurement statutes and regula-
tions, and provision making 42 U.S.C. 6239 inapplicable.
Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 96–294, § 804(c), added subsec. (l).
1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–258 substituted provi-
sions setting forth requirements for Secretary in ad-
ministering naval petroleum reserves under this chap-
ter, for provisions setting forth requirements for Sec-
retary of the Navy in administering naval petroleum
and oil shale reserves under this chapter.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–258 inserted ‘‘Notwithstanding
any other provision of law’’ before ‘‘each sale’’, ref-
erence to United States share of petroleum, provision
re
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Page 3367
TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES
§ 8731
U.S.C. 13a, 13b, and 21a).’’ for ‘‘(1) the Act entitled ‘An
Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful re-
straints and monopolies’, approved July 2, 1890 (15
U.S.C. 1 et seq.), as amended;’’ ‘‘(2) the Act entitled ‘An
Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful re-
straints and monopolies, and for other purposes’, ap-
proved October 15, 1914 (15 U.S.C. 12 et seq.), as amend-
ed;’’ ‘‘(3) the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C.
41 et seq.), as amended;’’ ‘‘(4) sections 73 and 74 of the
Act entitled ‘An Act to reduce taxation, to provide rev-
enue for the Government, and for other purposes’, ap-
proved August 27, 1894 (15 U.S.C. 8 and 9), as amended;
or’’, and ‘‘(5) sections 2, 3, and 4 of the Act of June 19,
1936, chapter 592 (15 U.S.C. 13a, 13b, and 21a)’’, respec-
tively.
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 96–513, § 513(34)(E), inserted ‘‘(15
U.S.C. 717 et seq.)’’.
Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 96–294, § 804(b), amended subsec.
(k) generally, inserting references to the Secretary,
provision authorizing the exchange of petroleum under
terms and conditions determined appropriate without
regard to Federal procurement statutes and regula-
tions, and provision making 42 U.S.C. 6239 inapplicable.
Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 96–294, § 804(c), added subsec. (l).
1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–258 substituted provi-
sions setting forth requirements for Secretary in ad-
ministering naval petroleum reserves under this chap-
ter, for provisions setting forth requirements for Sec-
retary of the Navy in administering naval petroleum
and oil shale reserves under this chapter.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–258 inserted ‘‘Notwithstanding
any other provision of law’’ before ‘‘each sale’’, ref-
erence to United States share of petroleum, provision
relating to periods of sale, and provision exempting
Federal, State, or local regulations controlling sales or
allocation of petroleum products, and struck out appli-
cability to sales of gas, other hydrocarbons, oil shale,
or products therefrom.
Subsecs. (c) to (k). Pub. L. 94–258 added subsecs. (c) to
(k).
1962—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 87–796 included provision for
administration of oil shale reserves, required the Sec-
retary of the Navy to use, store, sell, or exchange oil
shale and products therefrom produced from oil shale
reserves for other petroleum or refined products, and
deleted provision which required the Secretary to use,
store, sell, or exchange gas products from lands in the
South Barrow gas field of naval petroleum reserve
numbered 4 for other petroleum or refined products.
Pub. L. 87–599 required the Secretary of the Navy to
use, store, sell, or exchange gas products from lands in
the South Barrow gas field of naval petroleum reserve
numbered 4 for other petroleum or refined products.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 87–796 included sale of oil shale
and products from petroleum, gas, other hydrocarbons,
and oil shale.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2018 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019,
with provision for the coordination of amendments and
special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800
of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section
3001 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–513 effective Dec. 12, 1980,
see section 701(b)(3) of Pub. L. 96–513, set out as a note
under section 101 of this title.
MINIMUM SELLING PRICE OF UNITED STATES SHARE OF
PETROLEUM
Pub. L. 106–291, title II, Oct. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 976, pro-
vided in part: ‘‘That the requirements of 10 U.S.C.
7430(b)(2)(B) [now 8730(b)(2)(B)] shall not apply to fiscal
year 2001 and any fiscal year thereafter’’.
Similar provisions were contained in the following
appropriation and authorization acts:
Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(3) [title II], Nov. 29,
1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–179.
Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(e) [title II], Oct. 21, 1998,
112 Stat. 2681–231, 2681–276.
Pub. L. 105–85, div. C, title XXXIV, § 3402, Nov. 18,
1997, 111 Stat. 2059.
Pub. L. 105–83, title II, Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1580.
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(d) [title II], Sept.
30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–181, 3009–210.
Pub. L. 104–201, div. C, title XXXIV, § 3402, Sept. 23,
1996, 110 Stat. 2858.
Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101(c) [title II], Apr. 26, 1996,
110 Stat. 1321–156, 1321–187; renumbered title I, Pub. L.
104–140, § 1(a), May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327.
Pub. L. 104–106, div. C, title XXXIV, § 3402, Feb. 10,
1996, 110 Stat. 631.
Pub. L. 103–337, div. C, title XXXV, § 3502, Oct. 5, 1994,
108 Stat. 3111.
Pub. L. 103–332, title II, Sept. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 2525.
Pub. L. 103–138, title II, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1405.
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions vested in President by subsec. (k) of this
section delegated to Secretary of Energy by section
1–102 of Ex. Ord. No. 12231, Aug. 4, 1980, 45 F.R. 52139, set
out as a note under section 6240 of Title 42, The Public
Health and Welfare.
§ 8731. Requirements as to consultation and ap-
proval
(a) The Committee on Armed Services of the
Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of
the House of Representatives must be consulted
and the President’s approval must be obtained
before any condemnation proceedings may be
started under this chapter and before any of the
following transactions authorized by this chap-
ter may be effective:
(1) A lease of any part of the naval petro-
leum reserves.
(2) A contract to alienate from the United
States the use, control, or possession of any
part of the naval petroleum reserves (except
that consultation and Presidential approval
are not required in connection with the
issuance of permits, licenses, easements, graz-
ing and agricultural leases, rights-of-way, and
similar contracts pertaining to use of the sur-
face area of the naval petroleum reserves).
(3) A contract to sell the petroleum (other
than royalty oil and gas) produced from any
part of the naval petroleum reserves.
(4) A contract for conservation or for com-
pensation for estimated drainage.
(5) An agreement to exchange land, the right
to royalty production, or the right to any
money due the United States.
(b)(1) During the period of production author-
ized by section 8722(c) of this title, the Secretary
shall submit to the Committee on Armed Serv-
ices of the Senate and the Committee on Armed
Services of the House of Representatives any
new plans or substantial amendments to ongo-
ing plans for the exploration, development, and
production of the naval petroleum reserves.
(2) All plans or substantial amendments sub-
mitted to the Congress pursuant to this section
shall contain a report by the Attorney General
of the United States with respect to the antici-
pated effects of such plans or amendments on
competition. Such plans or amendments shall
Page 3368
TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES
§ 8732
not be implemented until sixty days after such
plans or amendments have been submitted to
such committees.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 460, § 7431; Pub.
L. 87–796, § 1(7), Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 905; Pub. L.
94–258, title II, § 201(12), Apr. 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 311;
Pub. L. 98–525, title XIV, § 1405(52), Oct. 19, 1984,
98
Stat.
2625;
Pub.
L.
99–145,
title
XIII,
§ 1303(a)(25), Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 740; Pub. L.
104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1502(a)(2), Feb. 10, 1996,
110 Stat. 502; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X,
§ 1067(1), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 774; Pub. L. 114–92,
div. A, title X, § 1073(b), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat.
995; renumbered § 8731 and amended Pub. L.
115–232, div. A, title VIII, §§ 807(d)(5), 809(a), Aug.
13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1836, 1840.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
7431 .........
34 U.S.C. 524 (1st proviso
of 4th par.).
June 4, 1920, ch. 228 (4th
par., 1st proviso, of
amended 3d and 4th
provisos), 41 Stat. 813;
June 30, 1938, ch. 851,
§ 1, 52 Stat. 1252; June
17, 1944, ch. 262, 58 Stat.
282.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2018—Pub. L. 115–232, § 807(d)(5), renumbered section
7431 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–232, § 809(a), substituted
‘‘section 8722(c)’’ for ‘‘section 7422(c)’’.
2015—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–92 struck out subsec. (c)
which required annual reports relating to naval petro-
leum reserves.
1999—Subsecs. (a), (b)(1), (c). Pub. L. 106–65 sub-
stituted ‘‘and the Committee on Armed Services’’ for
‘‘and the Committee on National Security’’.
1996—Subsecs. (a), (b)(1), (c). Pub. L. 104–106 sub-
stituted ‘‘Committee on Armed Services of the Senate
and the Committee on National Security of the House
of Representatives’’ for ‘‘Committees on Armed Serv-
ices of the Senate and the House of Representatives’’.
1985—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–145 in pars. (1) to (3) sub-
stituted ‘‘The’’ for ‘‘the’’ at beginning and periods for
the semicolons at end, in par. (4) substituted ‘‘A sum-
mary’’ for ‘‘a summary’’ and a period for ‘‘; and’’, and
in par. (5) substituted ‘‘Such’’ for ‘‘such’’.
1984—Subsecs. (b)(1), (c). Pub. L. 98–525 inserted ‘‘of
this title’’ after ‘‘section 7422(c)’’.
1976—Pub. L. 94–258 designated existing provisions as
subsec. (a), struck out ‘‘or oil shale’’ in pars. (1) and (2)
before ‘‘reserves’’, struck out ‘‘and oil shale’’ in pars.
(2) and (3), before ‘‘reserves’’ substituted ‘‘petroleum
(other than royalty oil and gas)’’ for ‘‘oil and gas (other
than royalty oil and gas), oil shale, and products there-
from’’ in par. (3), and added subsecs. (b) and (c).
1962—Pub. L. 87–796 included oil shale reserves in cls.
(1) and (2), inserted provisions in cl. (2) excepting con-
sultation and Presidential approval in connection with
issuance of permits, licenses, easements, grazing and
agricultural leases, rights-of-way, and similar con-
tracts pertaining to use of surface area of naval petro-
leum and oil shale reserves, and included oil shale, and
products therefrom produced from any part of oil shale
reserves.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2018 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019,
with provision for the coordination of amendments and
special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800
of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section
3001 of this title.
§ 8732. Authorizations of appropriations
(a) Funds for the following purposes may not
be appropriated unless such appropriations have
been specifically authorized by law:
(1) Exploration, prospecting, conservation,
development, use, operations, and production
of the naval petroleum reserves as authorized
by this chapter.
(2) Production (including preparation for
production) as authorized by this chapter or as
may be authorized after April 5, 1976.
(3) The construction and operation of facili-
ties both within and outside the naval petro-
leum reserves incident to the production and
the delivery of petroleum, including pipelines
and shipping terminals.
Sums appropriated for such purposes shall re-
main available until expended.
(b) Contracts under this chapter providing for
the obligation of funds may be entered into for
a period of five years, renewable for an addi-
tional five-year period; however, such contracts
may obligate funds only to the extent that such
funds are made available in appropriation Acts.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 461, § 7432; Pub.
L. 87–796, § 1(8), Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 905; Pub. L.
94–258, title II, § 201(13), Apr. 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 312;
Pub. L. 96–137, § 3(b)(1), Dec. 12, 1979, 93 Stat.
1061; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 513(35), Dec. 12, 1980,
94 Stat. 2934; renumbered § 8732, Pub. L. 115–232,
div. A, title VIII, § 807(d)(5), Aug. 13, 2018, 132
Stat. 1836.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
7432 .........
34 U.S.C. 524 (3d par., less
2d sentence; 5th par.,
124th through 168th
words).
June 4, 1920, ch. 228 (3d
par., less 2d sentence;
5th par., 124th through
168th words, of amend-
ed 3d and 4th provisos),
41 Stat. 813; June 30,
1938, ch. 851, § 1, 52
Stat. 1252; June 17,
1944, ch. 262, 58 Stat.
281.
In subsection (a) the words ‘‘by the Congress’’ are
omitted as surplusage.
In subsection (b) the words ‘‘There is authorized to be
appropriated’’ are omitted as surplusage.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 7432 of this
title as this section.
1980—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 96–513 substituted a pe-
riod for the semicolon at the end.
1979—Pub. L. 96–137 struck out provisions relating to
the naval petroleum reserves special account.
1976—Pub. L. 94–258 substituted ‘‘Naval petroleum re-
serves special account’’ for ‘‘Expenditures: appropria-
tions chargeable’’ in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–258 substituted provisions es-
tablishing a special account on the books of the Treas-
ury Department to be designated as the ‘‘naval petro-
leum reserves special account’’, and authorizing to be
credited proceeds resulting from the sale or exchange
of the United States share of petroleum, refined petro-
leum products, appropriation funds, royalties, or other
revenue from the operation of the reserves, for provi-
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives must be consulted and the President’s approval must be obtained before any condemnation proceedings may be started under this chapter and before any of the following transactions authorized by this chapter may be effective:
(1) A lease of any part of the naval petroleum reserves.
(2) A contract to alienate from the United States the use, control, or possession of any part of the naval petroleum reserves (except that consultation and Presidential approval are not required in connection with the issuance of permits, licenses, easements, grazing and agricultural leases, rights-of-way, and similar contracts pertaining to use of the surface area of the naval petroleum reserves).
(3) A contract to sell the petroleum (other than royalty oil and gas) produced from any part of the naval petroleum reserves.
(4) A contract for conservation or for compensation for estimated drainage.
(5) An agreement to exchange land, the right to royalty production, or the right to any money due the United States.
**(b)**
(1) During the period of production authorized by [section 8722(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section8722/c&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives any new plans or substantial amendments to ongoing plans for the exploration, development, and production of the naval petroleum reserves.
(2) All plans or substantial amendments submitted to the Congress pursuant to this section shall contain a report by the Attorney General of the United States with respect to the anticipate
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 3
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 1
Sec.
4.
Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States
attorneys; procedure.
5.
Bringing in additional parties.
6.
Forfeiture of property in transit.
6a.
Conduct involving trade or commerce with
foreign nations.
7.
‘‘Person’’ or ‘‘persons’’ defined.
7a.
Definitions.
7a–1.
Limitation on recovery.
7a–2.
Rights, authorities, and liabilities not af-
fected.
7a–3.
Anti-retaliation
protection
for
whistle-
blowers.
8.
Trusts in restraint of import trade illegal;
penalty.
9.
Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States
attorneys; procedure.
10.
Bringing in additional parties.
11.
Forfeiture of property in transit.
12.
Definitions; short title.
13.
Discrimination in price, services, or facilities.
13a.
Discrimination in rebates, discounts, or ad-
vertising service charges; underselling in
particular localities; penalties.
13b.
Cooperative association; return of net earn-
ings or surplus.
13c.
Exemption of non-profit institutions from
price discrimination provisions.
14.
Sale, etc., on agreement not to use goods of
competitor.
15.
Suits by persons injured.
15a.
Suits by United States; amount of recovery;
prejudgment interest.
15b.
Limitation of actions.
15c.
Actions by State attorneys general.
15d.
Measurement of damages.
15e.
Distribution of damages.
15f.
Actions by Attorney General.
15g.
Definitions.
15h.
Applicability of parens patriae actions.
16.
Judgments.
17.
Antitrust laws not applicable to labor organi-
zations.
18.
Acquisition by one corporation of stock of an-
other.
18a.
Premerger notification and waiting period.
18b.
Mergers involving foreign government sub-
sidies.
19.
Interlocking directorates and officers.
19a, 20.
Repealed.
21.
Enforcement pro
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** “Antitrust laws,” as used herein, includes the Act entitled “An Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies,” approved July second, eighteen hundred and ninety; sections seventy-three to seventy-six, inclusive, of an Act entitled “An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes,” of August twenty-seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-four; an Act entitled “An Act to amend sections seventy-three and seventy-six of the Act of August twenty-seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-four, entitled ‘An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes,’ ” approved February twelfth, nineteen hundred and thirteen; and also this Act.“Commerce,” as used herein, means trade or commerce among the several States and with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia or any Territory of the United States and any State, Territory, or foreign nation, or between any insular possessions or other places under the jurisdiction of the United States, or between any such possession or place and any State or Territory of the United States or the District of Columbia or any foreign nation, or within the District of Columbia or any Territory or any insular possession or other place under the jurisdiction of the United States: Provided, That nothing in this Act contained shall apply to the Philippine Islands. The word “person” or “persons” wherever used in this Act shall be deemed to include corporations and associations existing under or authorized by the laws of either the United States, the laws of any of the Territories, the laws of any State, or the laws of any foreign country.
**(b)** This Act may be cited as the “Clayton Act”.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 12
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 19
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 12
(Pub. L. 108–237, title II, § 216, as added Pub. L.
116–257, § 2, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1147.)
§ 8. Trusts in restraint of import trade illegal;
penalty
Every combination, conspiracy, trust, agree-
ment, or contract is declared to be contrary to
public policy, illegal, and void when the same is
made by or between two or more persons or cor-
porations, either of whom, as agent or principal,
is engaged in importing any article from any
foreign country into the United States, and
when
such
combination,
conspiracy,
trust,
agreement, or contract is intended to operate in
restraint of lawful trade, or free competition in
lawful trade or commerce, or to increase the
market price in any part of the United States of
any article or articles imported or intended to
be imported into the United States, or of any
manufacture into which such imported article
enters or is intended to enter. Every person who
shall be engaged in the importation of goods or
any commodity from any foreign country in vio-
lation of this section, or who shall combine or
conspire with another to violate the same, is
guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction
thereof in any court of the United States such
person shall be fined in a sum not less than $100
and not exceeding $5,000, and shall be further
punished by imprisonment, in the discretion of
the court, for a term not less than three months
nor exceeding twelve months.
(Aug. 27, 1894, ch. 349, § 73, 28 Stat. 570; Feb. 12,
1913, ch. 40, 37 Stat. 667.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1913—Act Feb. 12, 1913, inserted ‘‘as agent or prin-
cipal’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SHORT TITLE
Section 77, formerly § 78, of act Aug. 27, 1894, as added
by Pub. L. 94–435, title III,
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 12
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in commerce, in the course of such commerce, to be a party to, or assist in, any transaction of sale, or contract to sell, which discriminates to his knowledge against competitors of the purchaser, in that, any discount, rebate, allowance, or advertising service charge is granted to the purchaser over and above any discount, rebate, allowance, or advertising service charge available at the time of such transaction to said competitors in respect of a sale of goods of like grade, quality, and quantity; to sell, or contract to sell, goods in any part of the United States at prices lower than those exacted by said person elsewhere in the United States for the purpose of destroying competition, or eliminating a competitor in such part of the United States; or, to sell, or contract to sell, goods at unreasonably low prices for the purpose of destroying competition or eliminating a competitor.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 13a
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 15 U.S.C. § 13a. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 21
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 13b
(b) Burden of rebutting prima-facie case of dis-
crimination
Upon proof being made, at any hearing on a
complaint under this section, that there has
been discrimination in price or services or facili-
ties furnished, the burden of rebutting the
prima-facie case thus made by showing justifica-
tion shall be upon the person charged with a vio-
lation of this section, and unless justification
shall be affirmatively shown, the Commission is
authorized to issue an order terminating the dis-
crimination: Provided, however, That nothing
herein contained shall prevent a seller rebutting
the prima-facie case thus made by showing that
his lower price or the furnishing of services or
facilities to any purchaser or purchasers was
made in good faith to meet an equally low price
of a competitor, or the services or facilities fur-
nished by a competitor.
(c) Payment or acceptance of commission, bro-
kerage, or other compensation
It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in
commerce, in the course of such commerce, to
pay or grant, or to receive or accept, anything of
value as a commission, brokerage, or other com-
pensation, or any allowance or discount in lieu
thereof, except for services rendered in connec-
tion with the sale or purchase of goods, wares,
or merchandise, either to the other party to
such transaction or to an agent, representative,
or other intermediary therein where such inter-
mediary is acting in fact for or in behalf, or is
subject to the direct or indirect control, of any
party to such transaction other than the person
by whom such compensation is so granted or
paid.
(d) Payment for services or facilities for proc-
essing or sale
It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in
commerce to pay
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 13a
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 15 U.S.C. § 13a. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
A commission is created and established, to be known as the Federal Trade Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission), which shall be composed of five Commissioners, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more than three of the Commissioners shall be members of the same political party. The first Commissioners appointed shall continue in office for terms of three, four, five, six, and seven years, respectively, from September 26, 1914, the term of each to be designated by the President, but their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years, except that any person chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the Commissioner whom he shall succeed: Provided, however, That upon the expiration of his term of office a Commissioner shall continue to serve until his successor shall have been appointed and shall have qualified..11 So in original. The President shall choose a chairman from the Commission’s membership. No Commissioner shall engage in any other business, vocation, or employment. Any Commissioner may be removed by the President for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office. A vacancy in the Commission shall not impair the right of the remaining Commissioners to exercise all the powers of the Commission.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 41
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 15 U.S.C. § 41. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 48
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 41
1 So in original.
Sec.
74.
Rules and regulations.
75.
Retaliation against country prohibiting im-
portations.
76.
Retaliation against restriction of importa-
tions in time of war.
77.
Discrimination against neutral Americans in
time of war.
SUBCHAPTER I—FEDERAL TRADE
COMMISSION
§ 41. Federal Trade Commission established;
membership; vacancies; seal
A commission is created and established, to be
known as the Federal Trade Commission (here-
inafter referred to as the Commission), which
shall be composed of five Commissioners, who
shall be appointed by the President, by and with
the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more
than three of the Commissioners shall be mem-
bers of the same political party. The first Com-
missioners appointed shall continue in office for
terms of three, four, five, six, and seven years,
respectively, from September 26, 1914, the term
of each to be designated by the President, but
their successors shall be appointed for terms of
seven years, except that any person chosen to
fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the un-
expired term of the Commissioner whom he
shall succeed: Provided, however, That upon the
expiration of his term of office a Commissioner
shall continue to serve until his successor shall
have been appointed and shall have qualified..1
The President shall choose a chairman from the
Commission’s membership. No Commissioner
shall engage in any other business, vocation, or
employment. Any Commissioner may be re-
moved by the President for inefficiency, neglect
of duty, or malfeasance in office. A vacancy in
the Commission shall not impair the right of the
remaining Commissioners to exercise all the
powers of the Commission.
The Commission shall have a
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 41
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 15 U.S.C. § 41. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Necessity of regulation in public interest** As disclosed in reports of the Federal Trade Commission made pursuant to S. Res. 83 (Seventieth Congress, first session) and other reports made pursuant to the authority of Congress, it is declared that the business of transporting and selling natural gas for ultimate distribution to the public is affected with a public interest, and that Federal regulation in matters relating to the transportation of natural gas and the sale thereof in interstate and foreign commerce is necessary in the public interest.
**(b) Transactions to which provisions of chapter applicable** The provisions of this chapter shall apply to the transportation of natural gas in interstate commerce, to the sale in interstate commerce of natural gas for resale for ultimate public consumption for domestic, commercial, industrial, or any other use, and to natural-gas companies engaged in such transportation or sale, and to the importation or exportation of natural gas in foreign commerce and to persons engaged in such importation or exportation, but shall not apply to any other transportation or sale of natural gas or to the local distribution of natural gas or to the facilities used for such distribution or to the production or gathering of natural gas.
**(c) Intrastate transactions exempt from provisions of chapter; certification from State commission as conclusive evidence** The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to any person engaged in or legally authorized to engage in the transportation in interstate commerce or the sale in interstate commerce for resale, of natural gas received by such person from another person within or at the boundary of a State if all the natural gas so received is ultimately consumed within such State, or to any fa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 717
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 15 U.S.C. § 717. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.