Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections
22 U.S.C. § 8519 — Reports on certain activities of foreign ex-
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2089
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 8519
try and Security of the Department of Com-
merce—
(1) $113,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(2) such sums as may be necessary for each
of the fiscal years 2012 and 2013.
(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, § 109, July 1, 2010, 124
Stat. 1338.)
TERMINATION OF SECTION
For termination of section, see section 8551(a)
of this title.
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section is comprised of section 109 of Pub. L. 111–195.
Subsec. (c) of section 109 of Pub. L. 111–195 amended
section 310 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
§ 8518. Reports on investments in the energy sec-
tor of Iran
(a) Initial report
(1) In general
Not later than 90 days after July 1, 2010, the
President shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report—
(A) on investments in the energy sector of
Iran that were made during the period de-
scribed in paragraph (2); and
(B) that contains—
(i) an estimate of the volume of energy-
related resources (other than refined pe-
troleum), including ethanol, that Iran im-
ported during the period described in para-
graph (2); and
(ii) a list of all significant known en-
ergy-related joint ventures, investments,
and partnerships located outside Iran that
involve Iranian entities in partnership
with entities from other countries, includ-
ing an identification of the entities from
other countries; and
(iii) an estimate of—
(I) the total value of each such joint
venture, investment, and partnership;
and
(II) the percentage of each such joint
venture, investment, and partnership
owned by an Iranian entity.
(2) Period described
The period described in this paragraph is the
period beginning on January 1, 2006, and end-
ing on the date that is 60 days after July 1,
2010.
(b) Updated re
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Page 2089
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 8519
try and Security of the Department of Com-
merce—
(1) $113,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(2) such sums as may be necessary for each
of the fiscal years 2012 and 2013.
(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, § 109, July 1, 2010, 124
Stat. 1338.)
TERMINATION OF SECTION
For termination of section, see section 8551(a)
of this title.
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section is comprised of section 109 of Pub. L. 111–195.
Subsec. (c) of section 109 of Pub. L. 111–195 amended
section 310 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
§ 8518. Reports on investments in the energy sec-
tor of Iran
(a) Initial report
(1) In general
Not later than 90 days after July 1, 2010, the
President shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report—
(A) on investments in the energy sector of
Iran that were made during the period de-
scribed in paragraph (2); and
(B) that contains—
(i) an estimate of the volume of energy-
related resources (other than refined pe-
troleum), including ethanol, that Iran im-
ported during the period described in para-
graph (2); and
(ii) a list of all significant known en-
ergy-related joint ventures, investments,
and partnerships located outside Iran that
involve Iranian entities in partnership
with entities from other countries, includ-
ing an identification of the entities from
other countries; and
(iii) an estimate of—
(I) the total value of each such joint
venture, investment, and partnership;
and
(II) the percentage of each such joint
venture, investment, and partnership
owned by an Iranian entity.
(2) Period described
The period described in this paragraph is the
period beginning on January 1, 2006, and end-
ing on the date that is 60 days after July 1,
2010.
(b) Updated reports
Not later than 180 days after submitting the
report required by subsection (a), and every 180
days thereafter, the President shall submit to
the appropriate congressional committees a re-
port, covering the 180-day period beginning on
the date that is 30 days before the date on which
the preceding report was required to be sub-
mitted by this section, that—
(1) contains the matters required in the re-
port under subsection (a)(1); and
(2) identifies—
(A) the volume of crude oil and refined pe-
troleum products imported to and exported
from Iran (including through swaps and
similar arrangements);
(B) the persons selling and transporting
crude oil and refined petroleum products de-
scribed in subparagraph (A), the countries
with primary jurisdiction over those per-
sons, and the countries in which those prod-
ucts were refined;
(C) the sources of financing for imports to
Iran of crude oil and refined petroleum prod-
ucts described in subparagraph (A); and
(D) the involvement of foreign persons in
efforts to assist Iran in—
(i) developing upstream oil and gas pro-
duction capacity;
(ii) importing advanced technology to
upgrade existing Iranian refineries;
(iii) converting existing chemical plants
to petroleum refineries; or
(iv) maintaining, upgrading, or expand-
ing existing refineries or constructing new
refineries.
(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, § 110, July 1, 2010, 124
Stat. 1338; Pub. L. 112–158, title II, § 224, Aug. 10,
2012, 126 Stat. 1240.)
TERMINATION OF SECTION
For termination of section, see section 8551(a)
of this title.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2012—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–158 substituted ‘‘a re-
port, covering the 180-day period beginning on the date
that is 30 days before the date on which the preceding
report was required to be submitted by this section,
that—’’ for ‘‘a report containing the matters required
in the report under subsection (a)(1) for the 180-day pe-
riod beginning on the date that is 30 days before the
date on which the preceding report was required to be
submitted by this section.’’ and added pars. (1) and (2).
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
Functions of President under this section delegated
to Secretary of State, see Memorandum of President of
the United States, Sept. 23, 2010, 75 F.R. 67025, set out
as a note under section 8501 of this title.
§ 8519. Reports on certain activities of foreign ex-
port credit agencies and of the Export-Im-
port Bank of the United States
(a) Report on certain activities of export credit
agencies of foreign countries
(1) In general
Not later than 90 days after July 1, 2010, the
President shall submit to the appropriate con-
gressional committees a report on any activ-
ity of an export credit agency of a foreign
country that is an activity comparable to an
activity described in subsection (a) or (b) of
section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as
amended by section 102 of this Act.
(2) Updates
The President shall update the report re-
quired by paragraph (1) as new information be-
comes available with respect to the activities
of export credit agencies of foreign countries.
(b) Report on certain financing by the Export-
Import Bank of the United States
Not later than 30 days (or, in extraordinary
circumstances, not later than 15 days) before the
Page 2090
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 8531
Export-Import Bank of the United States ap-
proves cofinancing (including loans, guarantees,
other credits, insurance, and reinsurance) in
which an export credit agency of a foreign coun-
try identified in the report required by sub-
section (a) will participate, the President shall
submit to the appropriate congressional com-
mittees a report identifying—
(1) the export credit agency of the foreign
country; and
(2) the beneficiaries of the financing.
(Pub. L. 111–195, title I, § 111, July 1, 2010, 124
Stat. 1339.)
TERMINATION OF SECTION
For termination of section, see section 8551(a)
of this title.
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amend-
ed by section 102 of this Act, referred to in subsec.
(a)(1), is section 5 of Pub. L. 104–172, as amended by sec-
tion 102 of Pub. L. 111–195, which is set out as a note
under section 1701 of Title 50, War and National De-
fense.
Executive Documents
DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS
For delegation of functions of President under this
section, see Memorandum of President of the United
States, Sept. 23, 2010, 75 F.R. 67025, set out as a note
under section 8501 of this title.
SUBCHAPTER II—DIVESTMENT FROM CER-
TAIN COMPANIES THAT INVEST IN IRAN
§ 8531. Definitions
In this subchapter:
(1) Energy sector of Iran
The term ‘‘energy sector of Iran’’ refers to
activities to develop petroleum or natural gas
resources or nuclear power in Iran.
(2) Financial institution
The term ‘‘financial institution’’ has the
meaning given that term in section 14 of the
Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172;
50 U.S.C. 1701 note).
(3) Iran
The term ‘‘Iran’’ includes the Government of
Iran and any agency or instrumentality of
Iran.
(4) Person
The term ‘‘person’’ means—
(A) a natural person, corporation, com-
pany, business association, partnership, soci-
ety, trust, or any other nongovernmental en-
tity, organization, or group;
(B) any governmental entity or instrumen-
tality of a government, including a multilat-
eral development institution (as defined in
section 262r(c)(3) of this title); and
(C) any successor, subunit, parent entity,
or subsidiary of, or any entity under com-
mon ownership or control with, any entity
described in subparagraph (A) or (B).
(5) State
The term ‘‘State’’ means each of the several
States, the District of Columbia, the Common-
wealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of
the
Northern
Mariana
Islands,
American
Samoa, Guam, the United States Virgin Is-
lands, and any other territory or possession of
the United States.
(6) State or local government
The term ‘‘State or local government’’ in-
cludes—
(A) any State and any agency or instru-
mentality thereof;
(B) any local government within a State,
and any agency or instrumentality thereof;
(C) any other governmental instrumen-
tality of a State or locality; and
(D) any public institution of higher edu-
cation within the meaning of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.).
(Pub. L. 111–195, title II, § 201, July 1, 2010, 124
Stat. 1341.)
TERMINATION OF SECTION
For termination of section, see section 8551(a)
of this title.
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the origi-
nal ‘‘this title’’, meaning Pub. L. 111–195, title II, July
1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1341, which enacted this subchapter,
amended section 80a–13 of Title 15, Commerce and
Trade, enacted provisions set out as notes under sec-
tion 80a–13 of Title 15, and amended provisions set out
as a note under section 1701 of Title 50, War and Na-
tional Defense. For complete classification of title II to
the Code, see Tables.
The Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in par.
(6)(D), is Pub. L. 89–329, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1219, which
is classified generally to chapter 28 (§ 1001 et seq.) of
Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this
Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under sec-
tion 1001 of Title 20 and Tables.
§ 8532. Authority of State and local governments
to divest from certain companies that invest
in Iran
(a) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of Congress that the United
States should support the decision of any State
or local government that for moral, prudential,
or reputational reasons divests from, or pro-
hibits the investment of assets of the State or
local government in, a person that engages in
investment activities in the energy sector of
Iran, as long as Iran is subject to economic sanc-
tions imposed by the United States.
(b) Authority to divest
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a
State or local government may adopt and en-
force measures that meet the requirements of
subsection (d) to divest the assets of the State
or local government from, or prohibit invest-
ment of the assets of the State or local govern-
ment in, any person that the State or local gov-
ernment determines, using credible information
available to the public, engages in investment
activities in Iran described in subsection (c).
(c) Investment activities described
A person engages in investment activities in
Iran described in this subsection if the person—
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Institution of higher education** For purposes of this chapter, other than subchapter IV, the term “institution of higher education” means an educational institution in any State that—
(1) admits as regular students only persons having a certificate of graduation from a school providing secondary education, or the recognized equivalent of such a certificate, or persons who meet the requirements of [section 1091(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1091/d&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) is legally authorized within such State to provide a program of education beyond secondary education;
(3) provides an educational program for which the institution awards a bachelor’s degree or provides not less than a 2-year program that is acceptable for full credit toward such a degree, or awards a degree that is acceptable for admission to a graduate or professional degree program, subject to review and approval by the Secretary;
(4) is a public or other nonprofit institution; and
(5) is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association, or if not so accredited, is an institution that has been granted preaccreditation status by such an agency or association that has been recognized by the Secretary for the granting of preaccreditation status, and the Secretary has determined that there is satisfactory assurance that the institution will meet the accreditation standards of such an agency or association within a reasonable time.
**(b) Additional institutions included** For purposes of this chapter, other than subchapter IV, the term “institution of higher education” also includes—
(1) any school that provides not less than a 1-year program of training to prepare students for gainful employment in a re
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 185
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 1001
PART A—DEFINITIONS
§ 1001. General definition of institution of higher
education
(a) Institution of higher education
For purposes of this chapter, other than sub-
chapter IV, the term ‘‘institution of higher edu-
cation’’ means an educational institution in any
State that—
(1) admits as regular students only persons
having a certificate of graduation from a
school providing secondary education, or the
recognized equivalent of such a certificate, or
persons who meet the requirements of section
1091(d) of this title;
(2) is legally authorized within such State to
provide a program of education beyond sec-
ondary education;
(3) provides an educational program for
which the institution awards a bachelor’s de-
gree or provides not less than a 2-year pro-
gram that is acceptable for full credit toward
such a degree, or awards a degree that is ac-
ceptable for admission to a graduate or profes-
sional degree program, subject to review and
approval by the Secretary;
(4) is a public or other nonprofit institution;
and
(5) is accredited by a nationally recognized
accrediting agency or association, or if not so
accredited, is an institution that has been
granted preaccreditation status by such an
agency or association that has been recognized
by
the
Secretary
for
the
granting
of
preaccreditation status, and the Secretary has
determined that there is satisfactory assur-
ance that the institution will meet the accred-
itation standards of such an agency or associa-
tion within a reasonable time.
(b) Additional institutions included
For purposes of this chapter, other than sub-
chapter IV, the term ‘‘institution of higher edu-
cation’’ also includes—
(1) any school that provides not less than a
1-year program of tr
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Initial report**
(1) **In general** — Not later than 90 days after July 1, 2010, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report—
(A) on investments in the energy sector of Iran that were made during the period described in paragraph (2); and
(B) that contains—
(i) an estimate of the volume of energy-related resources (other than refined petroleum), including ethanol, that Iran imported during the period described in paragraph (2); and
(ii) a list of all significant known energy-related joint ventures, investments, and partnerships located outside Iran that involve Iranian entities in partnership with entities from other countries, including an identification of the entities from other countries; and
(iii) an estimate of—
(I) the total value of each such joint venture, investment, and partnership; and
(II) the percentage of each such joint venture, investment, and partnership owned by an Iranian entity.
(2) **Period described** — The period described in this paragraph is the period beginning on January 1, 2006, and ending on the date that is 60 days after July 1, 2010.
**(b) Updated reports** Not later than 180 days after submitting the report required by subsection (a), and every 180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report, covering the 180-day period beginning on the date that is 30 days before the date on which the preceding report was required to be submitted by this section, that—
(1) contains the matters required in the report under subsection (a)(1); and
(2) identifies—
(A) the volume of crude oil and refined petroleum products imported to and exported from Iran (including through swaps and similar arrangements);
(B) the per
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any authority granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.
**(b)** The authorities granted to the President by [section 1702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section1702&num=0&edition=prelim) may only be exercised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary threat with respect to which a national emergency has been declared for purposes of this chapter and may not be exercised for any other purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal with any new threat shall be based on a new declaration of national emergency which must be with respect to such threat.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 151
TITLE 50—WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
§ 1701
CHAPTER 35—INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY
ECONOMIC POWERS
Sec.
1701.
Unusual and extraordinary threat; declara-
tion of national emergency; exercise of
Presidential authorities.
1702.
Presidential authorities.
1703.
Consultation and reports.
1704.
Authority to issue regulations.
1705.
Penalties.
1706.
Savings provisions.
1707.
Multinational economic embargoes against
governments in armed conflict with the
United States.
1708.
Actions to address economic or industrial es-
pionage in cyberspace.
1709.
Imposition of sanctions with respect to theft
of trade secrets of United States persons.
1710.
Confronting asymmetric and malicious cyber
activities.
§ 1701. Unusual and extraordinary threat; dec-
laration of national emergency; exercise of
Presidential authorities
(a) Any authority granted to the President by
section 1702 of this title may be exercised to deal
with any unusual and extraordinary threat,
which has its source in whole or substantial part
outside the United States, to the national secu-
rity, foreign policy, or economy of the United
States, if the President declares a national
emergency with respect to such threat.
(b) The authorities granted to the President
by section 1702 of this title may only be exer-
cised to deal with an unusual and extraordinary
threat with respect to which a national emer-
gency has been declared for purposes of this
chapter and may not be exercised for any other
purpose. Any exercise of such authorities to deal
with any new threat shall be based on a new dec-
laration of national emergency which must be
with respect to such threat.
(Pub. L. 95–223, title II, § 202, Dec. 28, 1977, 91
Stat. 1626.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SHORT TITLE
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