22 U.S.C. § 8607 — Other matters of cooperation

Page 2112 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 8607 ‘‘(e) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DE- FINED.—In this section, the term ‘appropriate commit- tees of Congress’ means— ‘‘(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com- mittee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Homeland Security, the Committee on Appropria- tions, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and ‘‘(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com- mittee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Home- land Security, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. ‘‘(f) SUNSET.—The authority in this section to carry out activities described in subsection (a), and to pro- vide support described in subsection (b), shall expire on December 31, 2026.’’ UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ANTI-TUNNEL COOPERATION Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title XII, § 1279, Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 1079, as amended by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1295(a), (b), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2562; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title XII, § 1278(a), Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1700; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XII, § 1272(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2066; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title XII, § 1279, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1703; Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XII, § 1252, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 467; Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title XII, § 1212, Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2099, provided that: ‘‘(a) AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH ANTI-TUNNEL CAPABILI- TIES PROGRAM WITH ISRAEL.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense, upon request of the Ministry of Defense of Israel and in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Di- rector of National Intelligence, is authorized to carry out research, development, test, and evaluation, on a joint basis with Israel, to establish anti-tunnel capa- bilities to detect, map, maneuver in, and neutralize underground tunnels that threaten the United States or Israel. Any activities carried out pursuant to such authority shall be conducted in a manner that appro- priately protects sensitive information and United States and Israel national security interests. ‘‘(2) REPORT.—The activities described in paragraph (1) and subsection (b) may be carried out after the Secretary of Defense submits to the appropriate com- mittees of Congress a report setting forth the fol- lowing: ‘‘(A) A memorandum of agreement between the United States and Israel regarding sharing of re- search and development costs for the capabilities described in paragraph (1), and any supporting doc- uments. ‘‘(B) A certification that the memorandum of agreement— ‘‘(i) requires sharing of costs of projects, includ- ing in-kind support, between the United States and Israel; ‘‘(ii) establishes a framework to negotiate the rights to any intellectual property developed under the memorandum of agreement; and ‘‘(iii) requires the United States Government to receive semiannual reports on expenditure of funds, if any, by the Government of Israel, includ- ing a description of what the funds have been used for, when funds were expended, and an iden- tification of entities that expended the funds. ‘‘(b) SUPPORT IN CONNECTION WITH PROGRAM.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense is au- thorized to provide maintenance and sustainment support to Israel for the anti-tunnel capabilities re- search, development, test, and evaluation activities authorized in subsection (a)(1). Such authority in- cludes authority to install equipment necessary to carry out such research, development, test, and eval- uation. ‘‘(2) REPORT.—Support may not be provided under paragraph (1) until 15 days after the Secretary sub- mits to the appropriate committees of Congress a re- port setting forth a detailed description of the sup- port to be provided. ‘‘(3) MATCHING CONTRIBUTION.— ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subpara- graph (B), support may not be provided under this subsection unless the Government of Israel contrib- utes an amount not less than the amount of support to be so provided to the program, project, or activ- ity for which the support is to be so provided in the calendar year in which the support is provided. ‘‘(B) EXCEPTION.—Subject to paragraph (4), the Secretary may use amounts available to the Sec- retary in excess of the amount contributed by the Government of Israel to provide support under this subsection for costs associated with any unique na- tional requirement identified by the United States with respect to anti-tunnel capabilities. ‘‘(4) ANNUAL LIMITATION ON AMOUNT.—The amount of support provided under this subsection in any year may not exceed $50,000,000. ‘‘(5) USE OF CERTAIN AMOUNTS FOR RDT&E ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.—Of the amount provided by the United States in support under paragraph (1), not less than 50 percent of such amount shall be used for research, development, test, and evaluation activities in the United States in connection with such support. ‘‘(c) LEAD AGENCY.—The Secretary of Defense shall designate an appropriate research and development en- tity of a military department as the lead agency of the Department of Defense in carrying out this section. ‘‘(d) SEMIANNUAL REPORTS.—The Secretary of Defense shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress on a semiannual basis a report that contains a copy of the most recent semiannual report provided by the Government of Israel to the Department of Defense pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(B)(iii). ‘‘(e) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS DE- FINED.—In this section, the term ‘appropriate commit- tees of Congress’ means— ‘‘(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com- mittee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Homeland Security, the Committee on Appropria- tions, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and ‘‘(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Com- mittee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Home- land Security, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. ‘‘(f) SUNSET.—The authority in this section to carry out activities described in subsection (a), and to pro- vide support described in subsection (b), shall expire on December 31, 2026.’’ CONSTRUCTIVE REGIONAL ENERGY COOPERATION Pub. L. 113–296, § 12(c)(2), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4081, provided that: ‘‘The Secretary of State shall continue the ongoing diplomacy efforts of the Secretary of State in— ‘‘(A) engaging and supporting the energy security of Israel; and ‘‘(B) promoting constructive regional energy co- operation in the Eastern Mediterranean.’’ § 8607. Other matters of cooperation (a) In general Activities authorized under this section shall be carried out with the concurrence of the Sec- retary of State and aligned with the National Security Strategy of the United States, the United States Government Global Health Secu- rity Strategy, the Department of State Inte- grated Country Strategies, the USAID Country Development Cooperation Strategies, and any equivalent or successor plans or strategies, as necessary and appropriate. (b) Development of health technologies (1) In general There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Health and Human Services Page 2113 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 8607 $4,000,000 for fiscal years 2021 through 2023 for a bilateral cooperative program with the Gov- ernment of Israel that awards grants for the development of health technologies, which may include health technologies listed in paragraph (2), subject to paragraph (3), with an emphasis on collaboratively advancing the use of technology and personalized medicine in re- lation to COVID–19. (2) Types of health technologies The health technologies described in this paragraph are technologies such as, drugs and vaccines, ventilators, diagnostic tests, and technologies to facilitate telemedicine. (3) Restrictions on funding Amounts appropriated pursuant to para- graph (1) are subject to a matching contribu- tion from the Government of Israel. (4) Option for establishing new program Amounts appropriated pursuant to para- graph (1) may be expended for a bilateral pro- gram with the Government of Israel that— (A) is in existence on the day before Janu- ary 1, 2021, for the purposes described in paragraph (1); or (B) is established after January 1, 2021, by the Secretary of Health and Human Serv- ices, in consultation with the Secretary of State, in accordance with the Agreement be- tween the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the State of Israel on Cooperation in Science and Technology for Homeland Security Matters, done at Jerusalem May 29, 2008 (or a suc- cessor agreement), for the purposes de- scribed in paragraph (1). (5) Public availability The Secretary shall require, as a condition of any grant awarded under this subsection, that all research publications and results of such research, including basic and applied re- search, shall be made publicly available on the website of the Department of Health and Human Services. (c) Coordinator of United States-Israel Research and Development (1) In general The President may designate the Assistant Secretary of State for the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Sci- entific Affairs, or another appropriate Depart- ment of State official, to act as Coordinator of United States-Israel Research and Develop- ment (referred to in this subsection as the ‘‘Coordinator’’). (2) Authorities and duties The Coordinator, in conjunction with the heads of relevant Federal Government depart- ments and agencies and in coordination with the Israel Innovation Authority, may oversee civilian science and technology programs on a joint basis with Israel. (d) Office of Global Policy and Strategy of the Food and Drug Administration (1) In general It is the sense of Congress that the Commis- sioner of the Food and Drug Administration should seek to explore collaboration with Israel through the Office of Global Policy and Strategy. (2) Report Not later than one year after January 1, 2021, the Commissioner, acting through the head of the Office of Global Policy and Strat- egy, shall submit a report describing the bene- fits to the United States and to Israel of open- ing an office in Israel for the Office of Global Policy and Strategy to— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (D) the Committee on Energy and Com- merce of the House of Representatives. (e) United States-Israel Energy Center There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy $4,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 to carry out the activities of the United States- Israel Energy Center established pursuant to section 17337(d) of title 42. (f) United States-Israel Binational Industrial Re- search and Development Foundation It is the sense of Congress that grants to pro- mote covered energy projects conducted by, or in conjunction with, the United States-Israel Bi- national Industrial Research and Development Foundation should be funded at not less than $2,000,000 annually under section 17337(b) of title 42. (g) Omitted (h) Annual policy dialogue It is the sense of Congress that the Depart- ment of Transportation and Israel’s Ministry of Transportation should engage in an annual pol- icy dialogue to implement the 2016 Memo- randum of Cooperation signed by the Secretary of Transportation and the Israeli Minister of Transportation. (i) Cooperation on space exploration and science initiatives The Administrator of the National Aero- nautics and Space Administration shall con- tinue to work with the Israel Space Agency to identify and cooperatively pursue peaceful space exploration and science initiatives in areas of mutual interest, taking all appropriate meas- ures to protect sensitive information, intellec- tual property, trade secrets, and economic inter- ests of the United States. (j) Research and development cooperation relat- ing to desalination technology Not later than one year after January 1, 2021, the Director of the Office of Science and Tech- nology Policy shall submit a report that de- scribes research and development cooperation with international partners, such as the State of Israel, in the area of desalination technology in accordance with section 9(b)(3) of the Water De- salination Act of 1996 (42 U.S.C. 10301 note) to— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; Page 2114 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 8701 (2) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; (3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (4) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives. (k) Research and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Veterans Affairs should seek to explore col- laboration between the Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers of Excellence and Israeli institutions with expertise in re- searching and treating posttraumatic stress dis- order. (Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, § 1280A, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3982.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 9(b)(3) of the Water Desalination Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (j), is section 9(b)(3) of Pub. L. 104–298, which is set out in a note under section 10301 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. CODIFICATION Section is comprised of section 1280A of Pub. L. 116–283. Subsec. (g) of section 1280A of Pub. L. 116–283 amended section 8606 of this title. Section was enacted as part of the United States- Israel Security Assistance Authorization Act of 2020 and also as part of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, and not as part of the United States-Israel En- hanced Security Cooperation Act of 2012 which com- prises this chapter. CHAPTER 94—IRAN THREAT REDUCTION AND SYRIA HUMAN RIGHTS Sec. 8701. Definitions. SUBCHAPTER I—EXPANSION OF MULTILATERAL SANCTIONS REGIME WITH RESPECT TO IRAN 8711. Sense of Congress on enforcement of multi- lateral sanctions regime and expansion and implementation of sanctions laws. 8712. Diplomatic efforts to expand multilateral sanctions regime. SUBCHAPTER II—ADDITIONAL MEASURES RELATING TO SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN 8721. Imposition of sanctions with respect to the provision of vessels or shipping services to transport certain goods related to prolifera- tion or terrorism activities to Iran. 8722. Imposition of sanctions with respect to provi- sion of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company or the National Iranian Tanker Company. 8723. Imposition of sanctions with respect to pur- chase, subscription to, or facilitation of the issuance of Iranian sovereign debt. 8724. Continuation in effect of sanctions with re- spect to the Government of Iran, the Cen- tral Bank of Iran, and sanctions evaders. 8725. Liability of parent companies for violations of sanctions by foreign subsidiaries. 8726. Reports on, and authorization of imposition of sanctions with respect to, the provision of specialized financial messaging services to the Central Bank of Iran and other sanc- tioned Iranian financial institutions. Sec. 8727. Identification of, and immigration restric- tions on, senior officials of the Government of Iran and their family members. SUBCHAPTER III—SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO IRAN’S REVOLUTIONARY GUARD CORPS 8741. Identification of, and imposition of sanctions with respect to, officials, agents, and affili- ates of Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps. 8742. Identification of, and imposition of sanctions with respect to, persons that support or conduct certain transactions with Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps or other sanc- tioned persons. 8743. Identification of, and imposition of measures with respect to, foreign government agen- cies carrying out activities or transactions with certain Iran-affiliated persons. 8744. Rule of construction. SUBCHAPTER IV—MEASURES TO PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS 8751. Codification of sanctions with respect to grave human rights abuses by the Govern- ments of Iran and Syria using information technology. 8752. Clarification of sensitive technologies for purposes of procurement ban under Com- prehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010. 8753. Expedited consideration of requests for au- thorization of certain human rights-, hu- manitarian-, and democracy-related activi- ties with respect to Iran. 8754. Comprehensive strategy to promote Internet freedom and access to information in Iran. 8754a. Strategy and grant program to promote internet freedom in Iran. 8755. Statement of policy on political prisoners. 8756. Secretary of State assistance for prisoners in Islamic Republic of Iran. SUBCHAPTER V—MISCELLANEOUS 8771. Exclusion of citizens of Iran seeking edu- cation relating to the nuclear and energy sectors of Iran. 8772. Interests in certain financial assets of Iran. 8773. Report on membership of Iran in inter- national organizations. SUBCHAPTER VI—GENERAL PROVISIONS 8781. Implementation; penalties. 8782. Applicability to certain intelligence activi- ties. 8783. Applicability to certain natural gas projects. 8784. Rule of construction with respect to use of force against Iran and Syria. 8785. Termination. SUBCHAPTER VII—SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SYRIA 8791. Imposition of sanctions with respect to cer- tain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses com- mitted against citizens of Syria or their family members. 8792. Imposition of sanctions with respect to the transfer of goods or technologies to Syria that are likely to be used to commit human rights abuses. 8793. Imposition of sanctions with respect to per- sons who engage in censorship or other forms of repression in Syria. 8794. Waiver. 8795. Termination. § 8701. Definitions Except as otherwise specifically provided, in this Act: