10 U.S.C. § 342 — Regional Centers for Security Studies

Page 385 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 342 § 342. Regional Centers for Security Studies (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense shall administer the Department of Defense Re- gional Centers for Security Studies in accord- ance with this section as international venues for bilateral and multilateral research, commu- nication, exchange of ideas, and training involv- ing military and civilian participants. (b) REGIONAL CENTERS SPECIFIED.—(1) A De- partment of Defense Regional Center for Secu- rity Studies is a Department of Defense institu- tion that— (A) is operated, and designated as such, by the Secretary of Defense for the study of secu- rity issues relating to a specified geographic region of the world; and (B) serves as a forum for bilateral and multi- lateral research, communication, exchange of ideas, and training involving military and ci- vilian participants. (2) The Department of Defense Regional Cen- ters for Security Studies are the following: (A) The George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, established in 1993 and located in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. (B) The Daniel K. Inouye Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies, established in 1995 and located in Honolulu, Hawaii. (C) The William J. Perry Center for Hemi- spheric Defense Studies, established in 1997 and located in Washington, D.C. (D) The Africa Center for Strategic Studies, established in 1999 and located in Washington, D.C. (E) The Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies, established in 2000 and lo- cated in Washington, D.C. (F) The Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Secu- rity Studies, established in 2021 and located in Anchorage, Alaska. (3) No institution or element of the Depart- ment of Defense may be designated as a Depart- ment of Defense Regional Center for Security Studies for purposes of this section, other than the institutions specified in paragraph (2). (c) REGULATIONS.—The administration of the Regional Centers under this section shall be car- ried out under regulations prescribed by the Secretary. The regulations shall prioritize with- in the respective areas of focus of each Regional Center the functional areas for engagement of territorial and maritime security, transnational and asymmetric threats, and defense sector gov- ernance. (d) PARTICIPATION.—Participants in activities of the Regional Centers may include United States and foreign military, civilian, and non- governmental personnel. (e) EMPLOYMENT AND COMPENSATION OF FAC- ULTY.—At each Regional Center, the Secretary may, subject to the availability of appropria- tions— (1) employ a Director, a Deputy Director, and as many civilians as professors, instruc- tors, and lecturers as the Secretary considers necessary; and (2) prescribe the compensation of such per- sons, in accordance with Federal guidelines. (f) PAYMENT OF COSTS.—(1) Participation in ac- tivities of a Regional Center shall be on a reim- bursable basis (or by payment in advance), ex- cept in a case in which reimbursement is waived in accordance with paragraph (3). (2) For a foreign national participant, pay- ment of costs may be made by the participant, the participant’s own government, by a Depart- ment or agency of the United States other than the Department of Defense, or by a gift or dona- tion on behalf of one or more Regional Centers accepted under section 2611 of this title on be- half of the participant’s government. (3)(A) The Secretary of Defense may waive re- imbursement of the costs of activities of the Re- gional Centers for foreign military officers and foreign defense and security personnel from a developing country if the Secretary determines that attendance of such personnel without reim- bursement is in the national security interest of the United States. Costs for which reimburse- ment is waived pursuant to this paragraph shall be paid from appropriations available to the Re- gional Centers. (B)(i) The Secretary of Defense may, with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, waive re- imbursement otherwise required under this sub- section of the costs of activities of the Regional Centers for personnel of nongovernmental and international organizations who participate in activities of the Regional Centers that enhance cooperation of nongovernmental organizations and international organizations with United States forces if the Secretary of Defense deter- mines that attendance of such personnel with- out reimbursement is in the national security interest of the United States. (ii) The amount of reimbursement that may be waived under clause (i) in any fiscal year may not exceed $1,000,000. (4) Funds accepted for the payment of costs shall be credited to the appropriation then cur- rently available to the Department of Defense for the Regional Center that incurred the costs. Funds so credited shall be merged with the ap- propriation to which credited and shall be avail- able to that Regional Center for the same pur- poses and same period as the appropriation with which merged. (5) Funds available for the payment of per- sonnel expenses under section 312 of this title are also available for the costs of the operation of the Regional Centers. (6) Funds available to carry out this section, including funds accepted under paragraph (4) and funds available under paragraph (5), shall be available, to the extent provided in appropria- tions Acts, for programs and activities under this section that begin in a fiscal year and end in the following fiscal year. (g) SUPPORT TO OTHER AGENCIES.—The Direc- tor of a Regional Center may enter into agree- ments with the Secretaries of the military de- partments, the heads of the Defense Agencies, and, with the concurrence of the Secretary of Defense, the heads of other Federal departments and agencies for the provision of services by that Regional Center under this section. Any such participating department and agency shall transfer to the Regional Center funds to pay the full costs of the services received. (h) AUTHORITIES SPECIFIC TO MARSHALL CEN- TER.—(1) The Secretary of Defense may author- Page 386 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 342 ize participation by a European or Eurasian country in programs of the George C. Marshall Center for Security Studies (in this subsection referred to as the ‘‘Marshall Center’’) if the Sec- retary determines, after consultation with the Secretary of State, that such participation is in the national interest of the United States. (2)(A) In the case of any person invited to serve without compensation on the Marshall Center Board of Visitors, the Secretary of De- fense may waive any requirement for financial disclosure that would otherwise apply to that person solely by reason of service on such Board. (B) A member of the Marshall Center Board of Visitors may not be required to register as an agent of a foreign government solely by reason of service as a member of the Board. (C) Notwithstanding section 219 of title 18, a non-United States citizen may serve on the Mar- shall Center Board of Visitors even though reg- istered as a foreign agent. (3)(A) The Secretary of Defense may waive re- imbursement of the costs of conferences, semi- nars, courses of instruction, or similar edu- cational activities of the Marshall Center for military officers and civilian officials from states located in Europe or the territory of the former Soviet Union if the Secretary determines that attendance by such personnel without re- imbursement is in the national security interest of the United States. (B) Costs for which reimbursement is waived pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall be paid from appropriations available for the Center. (i) AUTHORITIES SPECIFIC TO INOUYE CENTER.— (1) The Secretary of Defense may waive reim- bursement of the cost of conferences, seminars, courses of instruction, or similar educational activities of the Daniel K. Inouye Center for Se- curity Studies for military officers and civilian officials of foreign countries if the Secretary de- termines that attendance by such personnel, without reimbursement, is in the national secu- rity interest of the United States. (2) Costs for which reimbursement is waived pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be paid from ap- propriations available for the Center. (j) ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRAM STRUCTURE AND PROGRAMS OF CENTERS.—(1) The Secretary shall on an annual basis review the program and structure of each Regional Center in order to de- termine whether such Regional Center is appro- priately aligned with the strategic priorities of the Department of Defense and the applicable geographic combatant commands. (2) The Secretary may revise the program, structure, or both of a Regional Center fol- lowing an annual review under paragraph (1) in order to more appropriately align the Regional Center with strategic priorities and the geo- graphic combatant commands as described in that paragraph. (Added Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title IX, § 912(a)(1)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–228, § 184; amended Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title X, § 1048(c)(2), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1226; Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title IX, § 931(b)(2), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1581; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title IX, § 903(b), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3399; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title IX, § 904(a)(1), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2351; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title IX, § 941(a)(1), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4576; Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title X, § 1073(a)(3), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2472; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title X, § 1061(2), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1583; Pub. L. 112–239, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2854(b)(1), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2161; Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2861(b)(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3715; renumbered § 342 and amended Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(e)(1)–(4), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2505, 2506; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title X, § 1081(a)(17), Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1595; Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title X, § 1082(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1922.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2021—Subsec. (b)(2)(F). Pub. L. 117–81 added subpar. (F). 2017—Subsec. (j)(2). Pub. L. 115–91 struck out second period at end. 2016—Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(1), renumbered section 184 of this title as this section. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(2)(A), substituted ‘‘exchange of ideas, and training’’ for ‘‘and exchange of ideas’’. Subsec. (b)(1)(B). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(2)(B)(i), sub- stituted ‘‘exchange of ideas, and training’’ for ‘‘and ex- change of ideas’’. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(2)(B)(ii), struck out ‘‘, except as specifically provided by law after Oc- tober 17, 2006’’ before period at end. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(2)(C), inserted at end ‘‘The regulations shall prioritize within the respec- tive areas of focus of each Regional Center the func- tional areas for engagement of territorial and maritime security, transnational and asymmetric threats, and defense sector governance.’’ Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(2)(D)(i), des- ignated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted ‘‘security personnel’’ for ‘‘security civilian government officials’’, and added subpar. (B). Subsec. (f)(5). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(2)(D)(ii), sub- stituted ‘‘under section 312 of this title are also avail- able for the costs of the operation of the Regional Cen- ters.’’ for ‘‘under the Latin American cooperation au- thority set forth in section 1050 of this title are also available for the costs of the operation of the William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies.’’ Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(3), added sub- secs. (h) and (i). Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 114–328, § 1241(e)(4), added subsec. (j). 2014—Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 113–291 substituted ‘‘Daniel K. Inouye Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies’’ for ‘‘Asia-Pacific Center for Security Stud- ies’’. 2013—Subsec. (b)(2)(C). Pub. L. 112–239, § 2854(b)(1)(A), substituted ‘‘The William J. Perry Center for Hemi- spheric Defense Studies’’ for ‘‘The Center for Hemi- spheric Defense Studies’’. Subsec. (f)(5). Pub. L. 112–239, § 2854(b)(1)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘the William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies’’ for ‘‘the Center for Hemispheric De- fense Studies’’. 2011—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 112–81 struck out subsec. (h) which required the Secretary of Defense to submit an annual report on the operation of the Regional Centers for security studies during the preceding fiscal year. 2009—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 111–84 substituted ‘‘Octo- ber 17, 2006’’ for ‘‘the date of the enactment of this sec- tion’’. 2008—Subsec. (f)(6). Pub. L. 110–417 added par. (6). 2006—Pub. L. 109–364 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, section consisted of subsecs. (a) to (c) relating to notification to Con- gress of the establishment of new regional centers, an- nual report on the operation of such centers, and defi- nition of ‘‘regional center for security studies’’. Page 387 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 342 Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted ‘‘under sec- tion 2611 of this title.’’ for ‘‘under any of the following provisions of law: ‘‘(A) Section 2611 of this title. ‘‘(B) Section 1306 of the National Defense Author- ization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 (Public Law 103–337; 108 Stat. 2892). ‘‘(C) Section 1065 of the National Defense Author- ization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104–201; 110 Stat. 2653; 10 U.S.C. 113 note).’’ 2003—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 108–136 struck out ‘‘for- eign’’ before ‘‘gifts’’. 2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–107 substituted ‘‘October 30, 2000,’’ for ‘‘the date of the enactment of this sec- tion,’’ in introductory provisions. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title IX, § 941(a)(2), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4576, provided that: ‘‘The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 2008, and shall apply with re- spect to programs and activities under [former] section 184 of title 10, United States Code (as so amended) [now 10 U.S.C. 342], that begin on or after that date.’’ CONSORTIUM TO STUDY IRREGULAR WARFARE Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title II, § 222, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1600, provided that: ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of Defense may establish a research consortium of institutions of high- er education to study irregular warfare and the re- sponses to irregular threats. ‘‘(b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the consortium under subsection (a) are as follows: ‘‘(1) To shape the formulation and application of policy through the conduct of research and analysis regarding irregular warfare. ‘‘(2) To maintain open-source databases on issues relevant to understanding terrorism, irregular threats, and social and environmental change. ‘‘(3) To serve as a repository for datasets regarding research on security, social change, and irregular threats developed by institutions of higher education that receive Federal funding. ‘‘(4) To support basic research in social science on emerging threats and stability dynamics relevant to irregular threat problem sets. ‘‘(5) To transition promising basic research— ‘‘(A) to higher stages of research and develop- ment; and ‘‘(B) into operational capabilities, as appropriate, by supporting applied research and developing tools to counter irregular threats. ‘‘(6) To facilitate the collaboration of research cen- ters of excellence relating to irregular threats to bet- ter distribute expertise to specific issues and sce- narios regarding such threats. ‘‘(7) To enhance educational outreach and teaching at professional military education schools to im- prove— ‘‘(A) the understanding of irregular threats; and ‘‘(B) the integration of data-based responses to such threats. ‘‘(8) To support classified research when necessary in appropriately controlled physical spaces. ‘‘(9) To support the work of a Department of De- fense Functional Center for Security Studies in Irreg- ular Warfare if such Center is established pursuant to section 1299L of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry Na- tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116–283) [set out below]. ‘‘(10) To carry out such other research initiatives relating to irregular warfare and irregular threats as the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate. ‘‘(c) PARTNERSHIPS.—If the Secretary of Defense es- tablishes a research consortium under subsection (a), the Secretary shall encourage partnerships between the consortium and university-affiliated research centers and other research institutions, as appropriate. ‘‘(d) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘institution of higher education’ has the meaning given that term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001).’’ TED STEVENS CENTER FOR ARCTIC SECURITY STUDIES Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title X, § 1089, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3878, provided that: ‘‘(a) PLAN REQUIRED.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 1, 2021], the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the Sec- retary of State, shall submit to the congressional de- fense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a plan to establish a Department of Defense Regional Center for Security Studies for the Arctic. ‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—The plan required by paragraph (1) shall include the following: ‘‘(A) A description of the benefits of establishing such a center, including the manner in which the establishment of such a center would benefit United States and Department of Defense interests in the Arctic region. ‘‘(B) A description of the mission and purpose of such a center, including— ‘‘(i) enhancing understanding of the dynamics and national security implications of an emerg- ing Arctic region, including increased access for transit and maneuverability; and ‘‘(ii) other specific policy guidance from the Of- fice of the Secretary of Defense. ‘‘(C) An analysis of suitable reporting relation- ships with the applicable combatant commands. ‘‘(D) An assessment of suitable locations, which shall include an enumeration and valuation of cri- teria, which may include— ‘‘(i) the proximity of a location to other aca- demic institutions that study security implica- tions with respect to the Arctic region; ‘‘(ii) the proximity of a location to the des- ignated lead for Arctic affairs of the United States Northern Command; and ‘‘(iii) the proximity of a location to a central hub of assigned Arctic-focused Armed Forces so as to suitably advance relevant professional de- velopment of skills unique to the Arctic region. ‘‘(E) A description of the establishment and oper- ational costs of such a center, including for— ‘‘(i) military construction for required facili- ties; ‘‘(ii) facility renovation; ‘‘(iii) personnel costs for faculty and staff; and ‘‘(iv) other costs the Secretary considers appro- priate. ‘‘(F) An evaluation of the existing infrastructure, resources, and personnel available at military in- stallations and at universities and other academic institutions that could reduce the costs described in accordance with subparagraph (E). ‘‘(G) An examination of partnership opportunities with United States allies and partners for potential collaboration and burden sharing. ‘‘(H) A description of potential courses and pro- grams that such a center could carry out, includ- ing— ‘‘(i) core, specialized, and advanced courses; ‘‘(ii) potential planning workshops; ‘‘(iii) seminars; ‘‘(iv) confidence-building initiatives; and ‘‘(v) academic research. ‘‘(I) A description of any modification to title 10, United States Code, necessary for the effective op- eration of such a center. ‘‘(3) FORM.—The plan required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in- clude a classified annex. Page 388 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 342 ‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not earlier than 30 days after the submittal of the plan required by subsection (a), and subject to the availability of appropriations, the Sec- retary of Defense may establish and administer a De- partment of Defense Regional Center for Security Studies for the Arctic, to be known as the ‘Ted Ste- vens Center for Arctic Security Studies’, for the pur- pose described in section 342(a) of title 10, United States Code. ‘‘(2) LOCATION.—Subject to a determination by the Secretary to establish the Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Security Studies under this section, the Cen- ter shall be established at a location determined suit- able pursuant to subsection (a)(2)(D).’’ FUNCTIONAL CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES IN IRREGULAR WARFARE Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XII, § 1299L, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4012, as amended by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title XII, § 1204(c), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 2830, provided that: ‘‘(a) REPORT REQUIRED.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Jan. 1, 2021], the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Sec- retary of State, shall submit to the congressional de- fense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a report that assesses the merits and feasibility of establishing and administering a Department of Defense Functional Center for Secu- rity Studies in Irregular Warfare. ‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—The report required by paragraph (1) shall include the following: ‘‘(A) A description of the benefits to the United States, and the allies and partners of the United States, of establishing such a functional center, in- cluding the manner in which the establishment of such a functional center would enhance and sustain focus on, and advance knowledge and understanding of, matters of irregular warfare, including cybersecurity, nonstate actors, information oper- ations, counterterrorism, stability operations, and the hybridization of such matters. ‘‘(B) A detailed description of the mission and purpose of such a functional center, including appli- cable policy guidance from the Office of the Sec- retary of Defense. ‘‘(C) An analysis of appropriate reporting and liai- son relationships between such a functional center and— ‘‘(i) the geographic and functional combatant commands; ‘‘(ii) other Department of Defense stakeholders; and ‘‘(iii) other government and nongovernment en- tities and organizations. ‘‘(D) An enumeration and valuation of criteria ap- plicable to the determination of a suitable location for such a functional center. ‘‘(E) A description of the establishment and oper- ational costs of such a functional center, including for— ‘‘(i) military construction for required facili- ties; ‘‘(ii) facility renovation; ‘‘(iii) personnel costs for faculty and staff; and ‘‘(iv) other costs the Secretary of Defense con- siders appropriate. ‘‘(F) An evaluation of the existing infrastructure, resources, and personnel available at military in- stallations, existing regional centers, interagency facilities, and universities and other academic and research institutions that could reduce the costs described in subparagraph (E). ‘‘(G) An examination of partnership opportunities with United States allies and partners for potential collaboration and burden sharing. ‘‘(H) A description of potential courses and pro- grams that such a functional center could carry out, including— ‘‘(i) core, specialized, and advanced courses; ‘‘(ii) planning workshops and structured after- action reviews or debriefs; ‘‘(iii) seminars; ‘‘(iv) initiatives on executive development, rela- tionship building, partnership outreach, and any other matter the Secretary of Defense considers appropriate; and ‘‘(v) focused academic research and studies in support of Department priorities. ‘‘(I) A description of any modification to title 10, United States Code, or any other provision of law, necessary for the effective establishment and ad- ministration of such a functional center. ‘‘(3) FORM.—The report required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in- clude a classified annex. ‘‘(b) ESTABLISHMENT.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Not earlier than 30 days after the submittal of the report required by subsection (a), and subject to the availability of appropriated funds, the Secretary of Defense may establish and admin- ister a Department of Defense Functional Center for Security Studies in Irregular Warfare. ‘‘(2) LIMITATION.—No other institution or element of the Department may be designated as a Depart- ment of Defense functional center, except by an Act of Congress. ‘‘(3) LOCATION.—The location of a Department of Defense Functional Center for Security Studies in Ir- regular Warfare established under paragraph (1) shall be selected based on an objective, criteria-driven ad- ministrative or competitive award process.’’ FRAMEWORK FOR OBTAINING CONCURRENCE FOR PARTICI- PATION IN ACTIVITIES OF REGIONAL CENTERS FOR SE- CURITY STUDIES Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XII, § 1214, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2027, provided that: ‘‘Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 13, 2018], the Secretary of Defense, with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, shall establish and submit to the appropriate congressional committees, as such term is defined in section 301(1) of title 10, United States Code, a Memorandum of Agreement or other ar- rangement setting forth a framework for the proce- dures required between the Department of Defense and the Department of State to obtain the concurrence of the Secretary of State, as required by law or policy, to allow non-defense and non-governmental personnel of friendly foreign countries to participate in activities of the Department of Defense Regional Centers for Secu- rity Studies.’’ REDESIGNATION OF THE ASIA-PACIFIC CENTER FOR SE- CURITY STUDIES AS THE DANIEL K. INOUYE ASIA-PA- CIFIC CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2861(a), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3715, provided that: ‘‘The Department of Defense regional center for security studies known as the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies is hereby renamed the ‘Daniel K. Inouye Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies’.’’ Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2861(c), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3716, provided that: ‘‘Any reference to the Department of Defense Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies in any law, regulation, map, document, record, or other paper of the United States shall be deemed to be a reference to the Daniel K. Inouye Asia-Pacific Cen- ter for Security Studies.’’ REDESIGNATION OF THE CENTER FOR HEMISPHERIC DE- FENSE STUDIES AS THE WILLIAM J. PERRY CENTER FOR HEMISPHERIC DEFENSE STUDIES Pub. L. 112–239, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2854(a), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2161, provided that: ‘‘The Department of Defense regional center for security studies known as the Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies is hereby renamed the ‘William J. Perry Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies’ ’’. Page 389 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 343 Pub. L. 112–239, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2854(c), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2162, provided that: ‘‘Any reference to the Department of Defense Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies in any law, regulation, map, document, record, or other paper of the United States shall be deemed to be a reference to the William J. Perry Center for Hemi- spheric Defense Studies.’’ TEMPORARY WAIVER OF REIMBURSEMENT OF COSTS OF ACTIVITIES FOR NONGOVERNMENTAL PERSONNEL Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title IX, § 941(b), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4577, as amended by Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title IX, § 941, Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4340; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title IX, § 953, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1895; Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title X, § 1094(b), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 878; Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title IX, § 913, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3474, provided a temporary waiver of reim- bursement of costs of activities for nongovernmental personnel, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(e)(5)(A), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2507. § 343. Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (a) ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION.—(1) The Secretary of Defense may operate an edu- cation and training facility for the purpose set forth in subsection (b). The facility shall be known as the ‘‘Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation’’. (2) The Secretary may designate the Secretary of a military department as the Department of Defense executive agent for carrying out the re- sponsibilities of the Secretary of Defense under this section. (b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the Institute is to provide professional education and training to eligible personnel of countries of the Western Hemisphere within the context of the demo- cratic principles set forth in the Charter of the Organization of American States (such charter being a treaty to which the United States is a party), while fostering mutual knowledge, trans- parency, confidence, and cooperation among the participating countries and promoting demo- cratic values, respect for human rights, and knowledge and understanding of United States customs and traditions. (c) ELIGIBLE PERSONNEL.—(1) Subject to para- graph (2), personnel of countries of the Western Hemisphere are eligible for education and train- ing at the Institute as follows: (A) Military personnel. (B) Law enforcement personnel. (C) Civilian personnel. (2) The Secretary of State shall be consulted in the selection of foreign personnel for edu- cation or training at the Institute. (d) CURRICULUM.—(1) The curriculum of the In- stitute shall include mandatory instruction for each student, for at least 8 hours, on human rights, the rule of law, due process, civilian con- trol of the military, and the role of the military in a democratic society. (2) The curriculum may include instruction and other educational and training activities on the following: (A) Leadership development. (B) Counterdrug operations. (C) Peace support operations. (D) Disaster relief. (E) Any other matter that the Secretary de- termines appropriate. (e) BOARD OF VISITORS.—(1) There shall be a Board of Visitors for the Institute. The Board shall be composed of the following: (A) The chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate, or a designee of either of them. (B) The chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives, or a designee of either of them. (C) Six persons designated by the Secretary of Defense including, to the extent prac- ticable, persons from academia and the reli- gious and human rights communities. (D) One person designated by the Secretary of State. (E) The senior military officer responsible for training and doctrine for the Army or, if the Secretary of the Navy or the Secretary of the Air Force is designated as the executive agent of the Secretary of Defense under sub- section (a)(2), the senior military officer re- sponsible for training and doctrine for the Navy or Marine Corps or for the Air Force or Space Force, respectively, or a designee of the senior military officer concerned. (F) The commanders of the combatant com- mands having geographic responsibility for the Western Hemisphere, or the designees of those officers. (2) A vacancy in a position on the Board shall be filled in the same manner as the position was originally filled. (3) The Board shall meet at least once each year. (4)(A) The Board shall inquire into the cur- riculum, instruction, physical equipment, fiscal affairs, and academic methods of the Institute, other matters relating to the Institute that the Board decides to consider, and any other matter that the Secretary of Defense determines appro- priate. (B) The Board shall review the curriculum of the Institute to determine whether— (i) the curriculum complies with applicable United States laws and regulations; (ii) the curriculum is consistent with United States policy goals toward Latin America and the Caribbean; (iii) the curriculum adheres to current United States doctrine; and (iv) the instruction under the curriculum ap- propriately emphasizes the matters specified in subsection (d)(1). (5) Not later than 60 days after its annual meeting, the Board shall submit to the Sec- retary of Defense a written report of its activi- ties and of its views and recommendations per- taining to the Institute. (6) Members of the Board shall not be com- pensated by reason of service on the Board. (7) With the approval of the Secretary of De- fense, the Board may accept and use the services of voluntary and uncompensated advisers appro- priate to the duties of the Board without regard to section 1342 of title 31. (8) Members of the Board and advisers whose services are accepted under paragraph (7) shall be allowed travel and transportation expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, while