42 U.S.C. § 280b — Research

Page 526 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 275 Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2021—Pub. L. 117–15 substituted ‘‘$31,009,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026’’ for ‘‘$33,000,000 for fis- cal year 2015 and $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2020’’. 2015—Pub. L. 114–104 struck out ‘‘$30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2011 through 2014 and’’ after ‘‘to be ap- propriated’’ and inserted ‘‘and $30,000,000 for each of fis- cal years 2016 through 2020’’ after ‘‘fiscal year 2015’’. 2010—Pub. L. 111–264 substituted ‘‘$30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2011 through 2014 and $33,000,000 for fiscal year 2015.’’ for ‘‘$34,000,000 for fiscal year 2006 and $38,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2010.’’ 2005—Pub. L. 109–129 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: ‘‘For the pur- pose of carrying out this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $18,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2000 through 2003.’’ Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Oct. 1, 1998, see section 7 of Pub. L. 105–196, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 274k of this title. § 275. Repealed. Pub. L. 103–43, title I, § 121(a), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 133 Section, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 381, as added Nov. 20, 1985, Pub. L. 99–158, § 11, 99 Stat. 883; amended Nov. 4, 1988, Pub. L. 100–607, title I, § 157(a), 102 Stat. 3059, established the Biomedical Ethics Board and provided for its membership, functions, reports to Con- gress, etc., and provided for appointment of a Bio- medical Ethics Advisory Committee to assist the Bio- medical Ethics Board. A prior section 275, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 381, formerly § 371, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907, § 1, 70 Stat. 960; renumbered § 381, Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), 84 Stat. 66, established a National Library of Medicine in the Public Health Service and stated the congressional purposes for such establishment, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–158, § 3(b), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879. §§ 276 to 280a–1. Repealed. Pub. L. 99–158, § 3(b), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879 Section 276, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 382, for- merly § 372, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907, § 1, 70 Stat. 960; renumbered § 382 and amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), (b)(1), (d)(1), 84 Stat. 66, 67; Nov. 18, 1971, Pub. L. 92–157, title III, § 301(d)(1), 85 Stat. 463, re- lated to functions of Secretary with regard to acquisi- tion, etc., of materials and rules for public access to materials. Section 277, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 383, for- merly § 373, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907, § 1, 70 Stat. 960; amended Oct. 22, 1965, Pub. L. 89–291, § 4, 79 Stat. 1067; renumbered § 383 and amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), (d)(1), 84 Stat. 66, 67; Oct. 30, 1970, Pub. L. 91–515, title VI, § 601(b)(2), 84 Stat. 1311; Nov. 18, 1971, Pub. L. 92–157, title III, § 301(d)(2), 85 Stat. 464; Nov. 9, 1978, Pub. L. 95–622, title II, § 212, 92 Stat. 3421, related to establishment, etc., of Board of Regents. Section 278, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 384, for- merly § 374, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907, § 1, 70 Stat. 961; renumbered § 384 and amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), (d)(1), 84 Stat. 66, 67; Oct. 17, 1979, Pub. L. 96–88, title V, § 509(b), 93 Stat. 695; Apr. 26, 1983, Pub. L. 98–24, § 2(a)(2), 97 Stat. 176, related to acceptance and administration of gifts and establishment of memorials to donors. Section 279, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 385, for- merly § 375, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907 § 1, 70 Stat. 962; renumbered § 385 and amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), (b)(2), 84 Stat. 66, defined ‘‘medicine’’ and ‘‘medical’’. Section 280, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 386, for- merly § 376, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907, § 1, 70 Stat. 962; renumbered § 386 and amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), (d)(1), 84 Stat. 66, 67; Nov. 18, 1971, Pub. L. 92–157, title III, § 301(d)(3), 85 Stat. 464, authorized ap- propriations for erection and equipment of Library. Section 280a, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 387, formerly § 377, as added Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 907, § 1, 70 Stat. 962; amended 1970 Reorg. Plan No. 2 § 102, eff. July 1, 1970, 35 F.R. 7959, 84 Stat. 2085; renumbered § 387, Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), 84 Stat. 66, related to transfer of Armed Forces Medical Library to Public Health Service for use in administration of part I. Section 280a–1, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 388, formerly § 378, as added Oct. 22, 1965, Pub. L. 89–291, § 3, 79 Stat. 1067; renumbered § 388 and amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(3), (d)(1), 84 Stat. 66, 67; Nov. 18, 1971, Pub. L. 92–157, title III, § 301(d)(4), 85 Stat. 464, related to establishment of regional branches. PART J—PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF INJURIES Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Pub. L. 103–183, title II, § 203(a)(1), Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2232, substituted ‘‘Prevention and Control of Inju- ries’’ for ‘‘Injury Control’’ in part heading. Pub. L. 103–43, title I, § 121(a), title XX, § 2008(i)(2)(B)(i), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 133, 213, redesig- nated part K ‘‘Injury Control’’ as J and repealed former part J ‘‘Biomedical Ethics’’. Pub. L. 101–616, title I, § 101(a)(1), Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3279, redesignated part I ‘‘Biomedical Ethics’’ as J. Former part J ‘‘Injury Control’’ redesignated K. Pub. L. 99–649, § 3, Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3633, added part J ‘‘Injury Control’’. Pub. L. 99–158, § 3(b), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879, re- pealed part J ‘‘Assistance to Medical Libraries’’. Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(a)(1), Mar. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 66, re- designated part I ‘‘Assistance to Medical Libraries’’ as J. § 280b. Research (a) The Secretary, through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall— (1) conduct, and give assistance to public and nonprofit private entities, scientific insti- tutions, and individuals engaged in the con- duct of, research relating to the causes, mech- anisms, prevention, diagnosis, treatment of in- juries, and rehabilitation from injuries; (2) make grants to, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with, public and non- profit private entities (including academic in- stitutions, hospitals, and laboratories) and in- dividuals for the conduct of such research; and (3) make grants to, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with, academic insti- tutions for the purpose of providing training on the causes, mechanisms, prevention, diag- nosis, treatment of injuries, and rehabilitation from injuries. (b) The Secretary, through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall collect and disseminate, through publica- tions and other appropriate means, information concerning the practical applications of re- search conducted or assisted under subsection (a). In carrying out the preceding sentence, the Secretary shall disseminate such information to the public, including through elementary and secondary schools. Page 527 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 280b–0 (July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 391, as added Pub. L. 99–649, § 3, Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3633; amend- ed Pub. L. 101–558, § 2(a), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2772; Pub. L. 102–531, title III, § 312(d)(3), Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3504; Pub. L. 103–183, title II, § 203(b)(2), Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2232.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 280b, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 390, as added Oct. 22, 1965, Pub. L. 89–291, § 2, 79 Stat. 1059; amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, §§ 4(b), 5(b), 6(b), 84 Stat. 64, 65; July 23, 1974, Pub. L. 93–353, title II, §§ 201(a), (b), 202(a), 88 Stat. 371, 372; Aug. 1, 1977, Pub. L. 95–83, title II, § 202, 91 Stat. 386; Nov. 9, 1978, Pub. L. 95–622, title II, § 211, 92 Stat. 3420; Aug. 13, 1981, Pub. L. 97–35, title IX, § 925(a), 95 Stat. 569, set forth findings and declaration of policy and authorized appropriations with regard to assistance to medical libraries, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–158, § 3(b), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879. A prior section 391 of act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, as added Oct. 22, 1965, Pub. L. 89–291, § 2, 79 Stat. 1059; amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(b)(3), 84 Stat. 66; July 23, 1974, Pub. L. 93–353, title II, § 202(b), 88 Stat. 372, which defined ‘‘sciences related to health’’, ‘‘Na- tional Medical Libraries Assistance Advisory Board’’, ‘‘Board’’, and ‘‘medical library’’, was classified to sec- tion 280b–1 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–158, § 3(b), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879. AMENDMENTS 1993—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–183 inserted at end ‘‘In carrying out the preceding sentence, the Secretary shall disseminate such information to the public, in- cluding through elementary and secondary schools.’’ 1992—Pub. L. 102–531 substituted ‘‘Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’’ for ‘‘Centers for Disease Con- trol’’ in subsecs. (a) and (b). 1990—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–558, § 2(a)(1), inserted ‘‘, or enter into cooperative agreements or contracts with,’’ after ‘‘grants to’’. Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–558, § 2(a)(2), added par. (3). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries FINDINGS AND PURPOSES Pub. L. 99–649, § 2, Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3633, pro- vided that: ‘‘(a) The Congress finds and declares that: ‘‘(1) Injury is one of the principal public health problems in America, and causes over 140,000 deaths per year. ‘‘(2) Injury rates are particularly high for children and the elderly. ‘‘(3) Injury causes 50 percent of all deaths for chil- dren over the age of one year and two-thirds of all deaths for children over the age of 15 years, and is the leading cause of death for individuals under the age of 44 years. Individuals over the age of 65 years have the highest fatality rates for many injuries. ‘‘(4) Injury control has not been given high priority in the United States, and the research being con- ducted on injury control and the number of personnel involved in injury control activities are not ade- quate. ‘‘(b) The purposes of this Act [enacting this part] are— ‘‘(1) to promote research into the causes, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of injuries and re- habilitation from injuries; ‘‘(2) to promote cooperation between specialists in fields involved in injury research; and ‘‘(3) to promote coordination between Federal, State, and local governments and public and private entities in order to achieve a reduction in deaths from injuries.’’ § 280b–0. Prevention and control activities (a) The Secretary, through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shall— (1) assist States and political subdivisions of States in activities for the prevention and control of injuries; and (2) encourage regional activities between States designed to reduce injury rates. (b) The Secretary, through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, may— (1) enter into agreements between the Serv- ice and public and private community health agencies which provide for cooperative plan- ning of activities to deal with problems relat- ing to the prevention and control of injuries; (2) work in cooperation with other Federal agencies, and with public and nonprofit pri- vate entities, to promote activities regarding the prevention and control of injuries; and (3) make grants to States and, after con- sultation with State health agencies, to other public or nonprofit private entities for the purpose of carrying out demonstration projects for the prevention and control of inju- ries at sites that are not subject to the Occu- pational Safety and Health Act of 1970 [29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.], including homes, elemen- tary and secondary schools, and public build- ings. (July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, § 392, as added Pub. L. 99–649, § 3, Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3634; amend- ed Pub. L. 101–558, § 2(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2772; Pub. L. 102–531, title III, §§ 301, 312(d)(4), Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3482, 3504; Pub. L. 103–183, title II, § 203(a)(2), (b)(1), Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2232.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, re- ferred to in subsec. (b)(3), is Pub. L. 91–596, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1590, which is classified principally to chapter 15 (§ 651 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. For complete classi- fication of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 651 of Title 29 and Tables. CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 280b–1 of this title. PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 392 of act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title III, as added Oct. 22, 1965, Pub. L. 89–291, § 2, 79 Stat. 1060; amended Mar. 13, 1970, Pub. L. 91–212, § 10(b)(4), (d)(2)(A), 84 Stat. 66, 67; July 23, 1974, Pub. L. 93–353, title II, § 202(c), 88 Stat. 372, which related to composition, func- tions, etc., of the National Medical Libraries Assist- ance Advisory Board, was classified to section 280b–2 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–158, § 3(b), Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 879. AMENDMENTS 1993—Pub. L. 103–183, § 203(a)(2)(A), substituted ‘‘Pre- vention and control activities’’ for ‘‘Control activities’’ in section catchline. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–183, § 203(a)(2)(B), inserted ‘‘and control’’ after ‘‘prevention’’. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–183, § 203(a)(2)(C), sub- stituted ‘‘the prevention and control of injuries’’ for ‘‘injuries and injury control’’.