10 U.S.C. § 10101 — Reserve components named

Page 3585 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 10101 title X, § 1073(d)(1)(E)(ii), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1905, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by sections 1672(a), 1673(a) (with respect to chapters 541 and 549), 1673(b)(2), 1673(b)(4), 1674(a), and 1674(b)(7) of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act [Pub. L. 103–337, amending the tables of chapters for subtitle B, part II of subtitle B, subtitle C, part II of subtitle C, subtitle D, and part II of subtitle D of this title and the tables of sections for chapters 539, 573, and 861 of this title] shall take effect on the effective date specified in sec- tion 1691(b)(1) of the Reserve Officer Personnel Manage- ment Act [set out as a note below] (notwithstanding section 1691(a) of such Act [set out as a note below]).’’ EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1691, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3026, provided that: ‘‘(a) EFFECTIVE DATE FOR AMENDMENTS.—Except as provided in subsection (b), the amendment made by section 1611 [enacting heading and analysis of this sub- title and enacting part III of this subtitle] and the amendments made by subtitles C and D [subtitles C (§§ 1661 to 1665) and D (§§ 1671 to 1677) of title XVI of div. A of Pub. L. 103–337, see Tables for classification] shall take effect on December 1, 1994. ‘‘(b) EFFECTIVE DATE FOR NEW RESERVE OFFICER PER- SONNEL POLICIES.—(1) The provisions of part III of sub- title E of title 10, United States Code, as added by sec- tion 1611, shall become effective on October 1, 1996. The amendments made by part II [part II (§§ 1621 to 1630) of subtitle A of title XVI of div. A of Pub. L. 103–337, see Tables for classification], of subtitle A, by subtitle B [subtitle B (§§ 1631 to 1641) of title XVI of div. A of Pub. L. 103–337, see Tables for classification], and by section 1671(c)(2) [amending section 113 of this title] and para- graphs (2), (3)(B), (3)(C), and (4) of section 1675(d) [amending sections 12645 to 12647 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1996. ‘‘(2) Any reference in subtitle E of this title to the ef- fective date of this title is a reference to the effective date prescribed in paragraph (1). ‘‘(3) The personnel policies applicable to Reserve offi- cers under the provisions of law in effect on the day be- fore the date prescribed in subsection (a) and replaced by the Reserve officer personnel policies prescribed in part III of subtitle E of title 10, United States Code, as added by section 1611, shall, notwithstanding the provi- sions of subsection (a), continue in effect until the ef- fective date prescribed in paragraph (1). ‘‘(4) The authority to prescribe regulations under the provisions of part III of subtitle E of title 10, United States Code, as added by section 1611, shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 5, 1994].’’ SHORT TITLE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XII, § 1201, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2689, provided that: ‘‘This title [enacting chap- ter 1006 and sections 5143, 5144, and 10543 of this title, amending sections 113, 641, 3038, 8038, and 10216 of this title and section 404 of Title 37, Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 10171 and 10543 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 3074 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Re- serve Forces Revitalization Act of 1996’.’’ SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1601, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2921, provided that: ‘‘This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Reserve Officer Per- sonnel Management Act’.’’ CONGRESSIONAL STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XII, § 1202, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2689, provided that: ‘‘The purpose of this title [see Short Title of 1996 Amendment note above] is to revise the basic statutory authorities governing the or- ganization and administration of the reserve compo- nents of the Armed Forces in order to recognize the re- alities of reserve component partnership in the Total Force and to better prepare the American citizen-sol- dier, sailor, airman, and Marine in time of peace for du- ties in war.’’ PRESERVATION OF SUSPENDED STATUS OF LAWS SUSPENDED ON SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1692, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3027, provided that: ‘‘If a provision of law that is in a suspended status on the day before the effective date of this title under section 1691(b)(1) [set out above] is transferred or amended by this title [see Tables for classification], the suspended status of that provision is not affected by that transfer or amendment.’’ PRESERVATION OF PRE-EXISTING RIGHTS, DUTIES, PENALTIES, AND PROCEEDINGS Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1693, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3027, provided that: ‘‘Except as otherwise pro- vided in this title [see Tables for classification], the provisions of this title and the amendments made by this title do not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, or proceedings that were begun before the effective date of this title under sec- tion 1691(b)(1) [set out above].’’ CHAPTER 1003—RESERVE COMPONENTS GENERALLY Sec. 10101. Reserve components named. 10102. Purpose of reserve components. 10102a. Deployment prioritization and readiness of Army components. 10103. Basic policy for order into Federal service. 10104. Army Reserve: composition. 10105. Army National Guard of the United States: composition. 10106. Army National Guard: when a component of the Army. 10107. Army National Guard of the United States: status when not in Federal service. 10108. Navy Reserve: administration. 10109. Marine Corps Reserve: administration. 10110. Air Force Reserve: composition. 10111. Air National Guard of the United States: composition. 10112. Air National Guard: when a component of the Air Force. 10113. Air National Guard of the United States: sta- tus when not in Federal service. 10114. Coast Guard Reserve. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2016—Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title III, § 321(a)(2), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2075, added item 10102a. 2006—Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 515(b)(4)(E), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3235, substituted ‘‘Navy Reserve’’ for ‘‘Naval Reserve’’ in item 10108. 1996—Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(b)(2)(B), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 495, substituted ‘‘into Federal service’’ for ‘‘of National Guard into Federal service’’ in item 10103. § 10101. Reserve components named The reserve components of the armed forces are: (1) The Army National Guard of the United States. (2) The Army Reserve. (3) The Navy Reserve. (4) The Marine Corps Reserve. (5) The Air National Guard of the United States. (6) The Air Force Reserve. Page 3586 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 10101 (7) The Coast Guard Reserve. (Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1661(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2970; amended Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 515(b)(1)(Z), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to those in this section were con- tained in section 261(a) of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, § 1661(a)(2)(A). AMENDMENTS 2006—Par. (3). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted ‘‘Navy Re- serve’’ for ‘‘Naval Reserve’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries CHANGE OF NAME Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 515(a)(1), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233, provided that: ‘‘The reserve component of the Armed Forces known as the Naval Reserve is re- designated as the Navy Reserve.’’ Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 515(h), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3237, as amended by Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, § 1075(h)(1), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4377, provided that: ‘‘Any reference in any law, regulation, document, record, or other paper of the United States to the Naval Reserve, other than a reference to the Naval Reserve regarding the United States Naval Reserve Retired List, shall be considered to be a reference to the Navy Reserve.’’ Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, § 517, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1884, which authorized the Secretary of the Navy, with the President’s approval, to redesignate the Naval Reserve as the ‘‘Navy Reserve’’, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 515(a)(2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233. EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise pro- vided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relat- ing thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Secu- rity, and the Department of Homeland Security Reor- ganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. PILOT PROGRAM ON THE USE OF ROBOTIC TARGETS TO ENHANCE THE LETHALITY OF THE RESERVE COMPO- NENTS OF THE ARMY Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title I, § 112, Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1802, provided that: ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of the Army shall carry out a pilot program under which the Sec- retary incorporates the use of moving robotic target systems into live fire training provided to select infan- try units of the reserve and National Guard compo- nents of the Army. ‘‘(b) DESIGNATION.—The pilot program under sub- section (a) shall be known as the ‘Lethality and Warfighting Enhancement Program’. ‘‘(c) LOCATIONS.—The Secretary of the Army shall se- lect not fewer than three military installations at which to conduct the pilot program under subsection (a). ‘‘(d) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the pilot program under subsection (a) shall be— ‘‘(1) to increase the lethality of the combined fight- ing force of the Army by providing reserve compo- nent and National Guard infantry units with the op- portunity to conduct realistic live fire training on state-of-the-art moving robotic target systems; and ‘‘(2) to demonstrate the effect of such training on small arms proficiency and lethality in ground com- bat operations. ‘‘(e) SELECTION OF PARTICIPATING UNITS.—The Sec- retary of the Army shall select infantry units of the re- serve components of the Army to participate in the pilot program under subsection (a) taking into consid- eration— ‘‘(1) the past performance of the unit; ‘‘(2) the readiness status of the unit, with an em- phasis on providing training to those units des- ignated as preparing to deploy or at a similarly des- ignated readiness status; and ‘‘(3) the likelihood that a unit would be actively de- ployed or commanded to conduct decisive action. ‘‘(f) COMMENCEMENT.—The Secretary of the Army shall commence the pilot program under subsection (a) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2024]. ‘‘(g) TERMINATION.—The pilot program under sub- section (a) shall terminate five years after the date of the enactment of this Act. ‘‘(h) BRIEFINGS.—Not later than 90 days after con- cluding activities under the pilot program at a military installation selected under subsection (c), the Sec- retary of the Army shall provide to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Rep- resentatives a briefing that includes a description of— ‘‘(1) the manner in which the program was con- ducted at such installation; and ‘‘(2) any results achieved under the program at such installation. ‘‘(i) CONTRACT AUTHORITY.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Army is au- thorized to enter into one or more contracts for the procurement of moving robotic target systems for use in the pilot program under subsection (a). ‘‘(2) REQUIRED CAPABILITIES.—Robotic target sys- tems procured under paragraph (1) shall be capable of— ‘‘(A) conducting multiple realistic offensive and defensive scenarios in a single training session that are consistent with combat operations; ‘‘(B) operating in an unpredictable, realistic, and reactionary fashion; ‘‘(C) objectively scoring trainee performance; ‘‘(D) maneuvering across diverse geographic land- scapes, including snow, ice, soft soils, extreme heat, extreme cold, wooded terrain and offroad areas; ‘‘(E) operating at distances greater than 100 yards from the range operator; ‘‘(F) surviving live fire from 6.8 mm rounds and the Next Generation Squad Weapon of the Army; and ‘‘(G) fully functioning in all reasonably expected weather conditions.’’ NOTICE TO CONGRESS BEFORE CERTAIN ACTIONS REGARDING UNITS OF CERTAIN RESERVE COMPONENTS Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title V, § 518, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 2567, provided that: ‘‘(a) NOTICE REQUIRED; ELEMENTS.—The Secretary of a military department may not take any covered ac- tion regarding a covered unit until the day that is 60 days after the Secretary of a military department sub- mits to Congress notice of such covered action. Such notice shall include the following elements: ‘‘(1) An analysis of how the covered action would improve readiness. ‘‘(2) A description of how the covered action would align with the National Defense Strategy and the supporting strategies of each military departments. ‘‘(3) A description of any proposed organizational change associated with the covered action and how the covered action will affect the relationship of ad- ministrative, operational, or tactical control respon- sibilities of the covered unit. Page 3587 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 10101 ‘‘(4) The projected cost and any projected long-term cost savings of the covered action. ‘‘(5) A detailed description of any requirements for new infrastructure or relocation of equipment and as- sets necessary for the covered action. ‘‘(6) A description of how the covered activity will affect the ability of the covered Armed Force to ac- complish its current mission. ‘‘(b) APPLICABILITY.—This section shall apply to any step to perform covered action regarding a covered unit on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2022]. ‘‘(c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: ‘‘(1) The term ‘covered action’ means any of the fol- lowing: ‘‘(A) To deactivate. ‘‘(B) To reassign. ‘‘(C) To move the home station. ‘‘(2) The term ‘covered Armed Force’ means the fol- lowing: ‘‘(A) The Army. ‘‘(B) The Navy. ‘‘(C) The Marine Corps. ‘‘(D) The Air Force. ‘‘(E) The Space Force. ‘‘(3) The term ‘covered unit’ means a unit of a re- serve component of a covered Armed Force.’’ DIRECT EMPLOYMENT PILOT PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN MEMBERS OF THE RESERVE COMPONENTS Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 518, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3590, provided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Defense may carry out a pilot program to enhance the efforts of the Department of Defense to provide job placement assist- ance and related employment services directly to mem- bers of the National Guard and Reserves in reserve ac- tive-status. ‘‘(b) ADMINISTRATION.—Any such pilot program shall be offered to, and administered by, the adjutants gen- eral appointed under section 314 of title 32, United States Code, or other officials in the States concerned designated by the Secretary for purposes of the pilot program. ‘‘(c) COST-SHARING REQUIREMENT.—As a condition on the provision of funds under this section to a State to support the operation of the pilot program in that State, the State must agree to contribute funds, de- rived from non-Federal sources, in an amount equal to at least 50 percent of the funds necessary for the oper- ation of the pilot program in that State. ‘‘(d) DEVELOPMENT.—In developing any such pilot pro- gram, the Secretary shall— ‘‘(1) incorporate elements of State direct employ- ment programs for members of the reserve compo- nents; and ‘‘(2) use resources provided to members of the Armed Forces with civilian training opportunities through the SkillBridge transition training program administered by the Department of Defense. ‘‘(e) DIRECT EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM MODEL.—Any such pilot program shall use a job placement program model that focuses on working one-on-one with eligible mem- bers to cost-effectively provide job placement services, including— ‘‘(1) identifying unemployed and underemployed in- dividuals; ‘‘(2) job matching services; ‘‘(3) resume editing; ‘‘(4) interview preparation; and ‘‘(5) post-employment follow up. ‘‘(f) EVALUATION.—The Secretary shall develop out- come metrics to evaluate the success of any such pilot program. ‘‘(g) REPORTING.— ‘‘(1) REPORT REQUIRED.—If the Secretary carries out the pilot Program, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a re- port describing the results of the pilot program not later than March 1, 2022. The Secretary shall prepare the report in coordination with the Chief of the Na- tional Guard Bureau. ‘‘(2) ELEMENTS.—A report under paragraph (1) shall include the following: ‘‘(A) A description and assessment of the effec- tiveness and achievements of the pilot program, in- cluding the number of members of the reserve com- ponents of the Armed Forces hired and the cost-per- placement of participating members. ‘‘(B) An assessment of the effects of the pilot pro- gram and increased reserve component employment on the readiness of members of the reserve compo- nents and on the retention of members. ‘‘(C) A comparison of the pilot program to other programs conducted by the Department of Defense to provide unemployment or underemployment sup- port to members of the reserve components of the Armed Forces, including the best practices devel- oped through and used in such programs. ‘‘(D) Any other matters the Secretary of Defense determines appropriate. ‘‘(h) DURATION; EXTENSION.— ‘‘(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the authority to carry out the pilot program expires on September 30, 2024. ‘‘(2) The Secretary may elect to extend the pilot program for not more than two additional fiscal years.’’ PILOT PROGRAM ON ENHANCEMENTS OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE EFFORTS ON MENTAL HEALTH IN THE NA- TIONAL GUARD AND RESERVES THROUGH COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title VII, § 706, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1800, as amended by Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title V, § 511(b), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 751, provided that: ‘‘(a) PROGRAM AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of Defense may carry out a pilot program to enhance the efforts of the Department of Defense in research, treatment, education, and outreach on mental health, substance use disorders, traumatic brain injury, and suicide pre- vention in members of the National Guard and Re- serves, their family members, and their caregivers through community partners. ‘‘(b) AGREEMENTS WITH COMMUNITY PARTNERS.—In carrying out the pilot program authorized by sub- section (a), the Secretary may enter into partnership agreements with community partners described in sub- section (c) using a competitive and merit-based award process. ‘‘(c) COMMUNITY PARTNER DESCRIBED.—A community partner described in this subsection is a private non- profit organization or institution that meets such qualifications as the Secretary shall establish for pur- poses of the pilot program and engages in one or more of the following: ‘‘(1) Research on the causes, development, and inno- vative treatment of mental health and substance use disorders and traumatic brain injury in members of the National Guard and Reserves, their family mem- bers, and their caregivers. ‘‘(2) Identifying and disseminating evidence-based treatments of mental health and substance use dis- orders and traumatic brain injury described in para- graph (1). ‘‘(3) Outreach and education to such members, their families and caregivers, and the public about mental health, substance use disorders, traumatic brain in- jury, and suicide prevention. ‘‘(d) DURATION.—The duration of the pilot program may not exceed three years. ‘‘(e) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days before the com- pletion of the pilot program, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Secretary of Veterans Affairs and the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives] a report on the results of the pilot program, including the number of members of the National Guard and Reserves provided treatment or Page 3588 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 10101 services by community partners, and a description and assessment of the effectiveness and achievements of the pilot program with respect to research, treatment, education, and outreach on mental health, substance use disorders, traumatic brain injury, and suicide pre- vention.’’ BEHAVIORAL HEALTH SUPPORT Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VII, § 703(b), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1471, provided that: ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each member of a reserve compo- nent of the Armed Forces participating in annual train- ing or individual duty training shall have access, while so participating, to the behavioral health support pro- grams for members of the reserve components de- scribed in paragraph (2). ‘‘(2) BEHAVIORAL HEALTH SUPPORT PROGRAMS.—The be- havioral health support programs for members of the reserve components described in this paragraph shall include one or any combination of the following: ‘‘(A) Programs providing access to licensed mental health providers in armories, reserve centers, or other places for scheduled unit training assemblies. ‘‘(B) Programs providing training on suicide pre- vention and post-suicide response. ‘‘(C) Psychological health programs. ‘‘(D) Such other programs as the Secretary of De- fense, in consultation with the Surgeon General for the National Guard of the State in which the mem- bers concerned reside, the Director of Psychological Health of the State in which the members concerned reside, the Department of Mental Health or the equivalent agency of the State in which the members concerned reside, or the Director of the Psychological Health Program of the National Guard Bureau, con- siders appropriate. ‘‘(3) FUNDING.—Behavioral health support programs provided to members of the reserve components under this subsection shall be provided using amounts made available for operation and maintenance for the reserve components. ‘‘(4) STATE DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘State’ has the meaning given that term in section 10001 of title 10, United States Code.’’ LIMITATION ON SCHEDULING OF MOBILIZATION OR PRE- MOBILIZATION TRAINING FOR RESERVE UNITS WHEN CERTAIN SUSPENSION OF TRAINING IS LIKELY Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, § 514, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2282, provided that: ‘‘(a) LIMITATION.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), the Sec- retary of a military department shall avoid sched- uling mobilization training or pre-mobilization train- ing for a unit of a reserve component of the Armed Forces at a temporary duty location that is outside the normal commuting distance of the unit (as deter- mined pursuant to the regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (c)) if a sus- pension of training at such temporary duty location of at least five days is anticipated to occur during any portion of such mobilization or pre-mobilization training. ‘‘(2) WAIVER.—The Secretary of a military depart- ment may waive the applicability of the limitation in paragraph (1) to a unit of a reserve component if the Secretary determines that the waiver is in the na- tional security interests of the United States. ‘‘(3) NOTICE TO CONGRESS.—Until December 31, 2014, the Secretary of the military department concerned shall submit written notice of each waiver issued under paragraph (2) to the congressional defense com- mittees [Committees on Armed Services and Appro- priations of the Senate and the House of Representa- tives]. Notice of such waiver shall be so submitted at the time of the issuance of such waiver. ‘‘(b) NOTICE OF OTHER SUSPENSIONS OF TRAINING.— Until December 31, 2014, in the event of a suspension of training (other than an anticipated suspension of train- ing described in subsection (a)(1)) of at least five days at a temporary duty location at which one or more units of the reserve components on active duty are en- gaged in mobilization training or pre-mobilization training, the Secretary of the military department hav- ing jurisdiction over such unit or units shall submit written notice of the suspension to the congressional defense committees [Committees on Armed Services and Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Rep- resentatives]. Notice of such suspension of training shall be so submitted at the time of such suspension of training. ‘‘(c) REGULATIONS.—The Secretaries of the military departments shall administer this section in accord- ance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense. Such regulations shall apply uniformly among the military departments.’’ YELLOW RIBBON REINTEGRATION PROGRAM Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, § 597(b), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2344, which related to annual reports on the Yel- low Ribbon Reintegration Program, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title X, § 1072(d)(2), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 995. Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title V, § 582, Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 122, as amended by Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, § 595, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2338; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title V, § 583, Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4228; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title V, § 590, Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1438; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title V, § 581(b), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1766; Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title V, § 551, title X, § 1072(d)(1), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 820, 995, provided that: ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Defense shall establish a national reintegration pro- gram to provide eligible individuals with sufficient in- formation, services, referral, and proactive outreach opportunities. This program shall be known as the Yel- low Ribbon Reintegration Program. ‘‘(b) PURPOSE OF PROGRAM.—The Yellow Ribbon Re- integration Program shall consist of informational events and activities (including programs of outreach) for eligible individuals and community members to fa- cilitate access to services supporting their health and well-being. ‘‘(c) EXECUTIVE AGENT.—The Secretary shall des- ignate the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness as the Department of Defense executive agent for the Yellow Ribbon Reintegration Program. ‘‘(d) OFFICE FOR REINTEGRATION PROGRAMS.— ‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.— ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary of De- fense for Personnel and Readiness shall establish the Office for Reintegration Programs within the Office of the Secretary of Defense. The office shall administer all reintegration programs in coordina- tion with State National Guard organizations. The office shall be responsible for coordination with ex- isting National Guard and Reserve family and sup- port programs. The Directors of the Army National Guard and Air National Guard and the Chiefs of the Army Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, Navy Re- serve, and Air Force Reserve may appoint liaison officers to coordinate with the permanent office staff. ‘‘(B) PARTNERSHIPS AND ACCESS.—The office may enter into partnerships with other public entities, including the Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Serv- ices Administration and the Department of Vet- erans Affairs, for access to necessary substance abuse, mental health treatment, and other quality of life services from local State-licensed service providers. Service and State-based programs may provide access to curriculum, training, and support for services to members and families from all com- ponents. ‘‘(2) CENTER FOR EXCELLENCE IN REINTEGRATION.— The Office for Reintegration Programs shall establish a Center for Excellence in Reintegration within the office. The Center shall have the following functions: Page 3589 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 10101 ‘‘(A) To collect and analyze ‘lessons learned’ and suggestions from State National Guard and Reserve organizations with existing or developing re- integration programs. ‘‘(B) To assist in developing training aids and briefing materials and training representatives from State National Guard and Reserve organiza- tions. ‘‘(C) To develop and implement a process for eval- uating the effectiveness of the Yellow Ribbon Re- integration Program in supporting the health and well-being of eligible individuals. ‘‘(D) To develop and implement a process for iden- tifying best practices in the delivery of information and services in programs of outreach as described in subsection (j). ‘‘(3) GRANTS.—The Office for Reintegration Pro- grams may make grants to conduct data collection, trend analysis, and curriculum development and to prepare reports in support of activities under this section. ‘‘(e) ADVISORY BOARD.— ‘‘(1) APPOINTMENT.—The Secretary of Defense shall appoint an advisory board to analyze the Yellow Rib- bon Reintegration Program and report on areas of success and areas for necessary improvements. The advisory board shall include the Director of the Army National Guard, the Director of the Air National Guard, Chiefs of the Army Reserve, Marine Corps Re- serve, Navy Reserve, and Air Force Reserve, the As- sistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs [now Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower and Re- serve Affairs], an Adjutant General on a rotational basis as determined by the Chief of the National Guard Bureau, and any other Department of Defense, Federal Government agency, or outside organization as determined by the Secretary of Defense. The mem- bers of the advisory board may designate representa- tives in their stead. ‘‘(2) SCHEDULE.—The advisory board shall meet on a schedule determined by the Secretary of Defense. ‘‘(3) INITIAL REPORTING REQUIREMENT.—The advisory board shall issue internal reports as necessary and shall submit an initial report to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Rep- resentatives not later than 180 days after the end of the 1-year period beginning on the date of the estab- lishment of the Office for Reintegration Programs. The report shall contain— ‘‘(A) an evaluation of the implementation of the Yellow Ribbon Reintegration Program by State Na- tional Guard and Reserve organizations; ‘‘(B) an assessment of any unmet resource re- quirements; and ‘‘(C) recommendations regarding closer coordina- tion between the Office of Reintegration Programs and State National Guard and Reserve organiza- tions. ‘‘(f) SUPPORT TEAMS.—The Office for Reintegration Programs may employ personnel to administer the Yel- low Ribbon Reintegration Program at the State level. The primary function of team members shall be— ‘‘(1) to implement the reintegration curriculum through the deployment cycle described in subsection (g); ‘‘(2) to obtain necessary service providers; and ‘‘(3) to educate service providers and community- based organizations regarding the unique military nature of the reintegration program. ‘‘(g) OPERATION OF PROGRAM.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Office for Reintegration Pro- grams shall assist State National Guard and Reserve organizations with the development and provision of information, events, and activities to support the health and well-being of eligible individuals before, during, and after periods of activation, mobilization, or deployment. ‘‘(2) FOCUS OF INFORMATION, EVENTS, AND ACTIVI- TIES.— ‘‘(A) BEFORE ACTIVATION, MOBILIZATION, OR DE- PLOYMENT.—Before a period of activation, mobiliza- tion, or deployment, the information, events, and activities described in paragraph (1) should focus on preparing eligible individuals and affected commu- nities for the rigors of activation, mobilization, and deployment. ‘‘(B) DURING ACTIVATION, MOBILIZATION, OR DE- PLOYMENT.—During such a period, the information, events, and activities described in paragraph (1) should focus on— ‘‘(i) helping eligible individuals cope with the challenges and stress associated with such period; ‘‘(ii) decreasing the isolation of eligible individ- uals during such period; and ‘‘(iii) preparing eligible individuals for the chal- lenges associated with reintegration. ‘‘(C) AFTER ACTIVATION, MOBILIZATION, OR DEPLOY- MENT.—After such a period, but no earlier than 30 days after demobilization, the information, events, and activities described in paragraph (1) should focus on— ‘‘(i) reconnecting the member with their fami- lies, friends, and communities; ‘‘(ii) providing information on employment op- portunities; ‘‘(iii) helping eligible individuals deal with the challenges of reintegration; ‘‘(iv) ensuring that eligible individuals under- stand what benefits they are entitled to and what resources are available to help them overcome the challenges of reintegration; and ‘‘(v) providing a forum for addressing negative behaviors related to operational stress and re- integration. ‘‘(3) MEMBER PAY.—Members shall receive appro- priate pay for days spent attending such events and activities. ‘‘(4) MINIMUM NUMBER OF EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES.— The State National Guard and Reserve Organizations shall provide to eligible individuals— ‘‘(A) one event or activity before a period of acti- vation, mobilization, or deployment; ‘‘(B) one event or activity during a period of acti- vation, mobilization, or deployment; and ‘‘(C) two events or activities after a period of ac- tivation, mobilization, or deployment. ‘‘(h) OUTREACH SERVICES.—As part of the Yellow Rib- bon Reintegration Program, the Office for Reintegra- tion Programs may develop programs of outreach to el- igible individuals to educate such eligible individuals about the assistance and services available to them under the Yellow Ribbon Reintegration Program. Such assistance and services may include the following: ‘‘(1) Marriage counseling. ‘‘(2) Services for children. ‘‘(3) Substance abuse awareness and treatment. ‘‘(4) Mental health awareness and treatment. ‘‘(5) Financial counseling. ‘‘(6) Anger management counseling. ‘‘(7) Domestic violence awareness and prevention. ‘‘(8) Employment assistance. ‘‘(9) Preparing and updating family care plans. ‘‘(10) Development of strategies for living with a member of the Armed Forces with post-traumatic stress disorder or traumatic brain injury. ‘‘(11) Other services that may be appropriate to ad- dress the unique needs of members of the Armed Forces and their families who live in rural or remote areas with respect to family readiness and servicemember reintegration. ‘‘(12) Assisting members of the Armed Forces and their families find and receive assistance with mili- tary family readiness and servicemember reintegra- tion, including referral services. ‘‘(13) Development of strategies and programs that recognize the need for long-term follow-up services for reintegrating members of the Armed Forces and their families for extended periods following deploy- ments, including between deployments. ‘‘(14) Assisting members of the Armed Forces and their families in receiving services and assistance Page 3590 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 10102 from the Department of Veterans Affairs, including referral services. ‘‘(15) Resiliency training to promote comprehensive programs for members of the Armed Forces to build mental and emotional resiliency for successfully meeting the demands of the deployment cycle. ‘‘(16) Stress management and positive coping skills. ‘‘(i) SUPPORT OF SUICIDE PREVENTION EFFORTS.—The Office for Reintegration Programs shall assist the De- fense Suicide Prevention Office and the Defense Cen- ters of Excellence for Psychological Health and Trau- matic Brain Injury to collect and analyze information, suggestions, and best practices from State National Guard and Reserve organizations with suicide preven- tion and community response programs. ‘‘(j) STATE-LED PROGRAMS OF OUTREACH.—The Office for Reintegration Programs may work with the States, whether acting through or in coordination with their National Guard and Reserve organizations, to assist the States and such organizations in developing and carrying out programs of outreach for eligible individ- uals to inform and educate them on the assistance and services available to them under the Yellow Ribbon Re- integration Program, including the assistance and serv- ices described in subsection (h). ‘‘(k) SCOPE OF ACTIVITIES UNDER PROGRAMS OF OUT- REACH.—For purposes of this section, the activities and services provided under programs of outreach may in- clude personalized and substantive care coordination services targeted specifically to eligible individuals. ‘‘(l) ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUALS DEFINED.—For the purposes of this section, the term ‘eligible individual’ means a member of a reserve component, a member of their family, or a designated representative who the Sec- retary of Defense determines to be eligible for the Yel- low Ribbon Reintegration Program.’’ PILOT PROGRAM ON ENHANCED QUALITY OF LIFE FOR MEMBERS OF THE ARMY RESERVE AND THEIR FAMILIES Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 520, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3238, directed the Secretary of the Army to carry out a pilot program in two States to assess the feasi- bility and advisability of using a coalition of military and civilian community personnel to enhance the qual- ity of life for members of the Army Reserve and their families and, not later than Apr. 1, 2007, submit to the appropriate Senate and House committees a report on the pilot program with appropriate assessments and recommendations. ANNUAL REVIEW Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, § 513(h), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1882, as amended by Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title X, § 1079(g), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 999, provided that: ‘‘(1) The Secretary of Defense shall annually review the reserve components of the Armed Forces with re- gard to— ‘‘(A) the roles and missions of the reserve compo- nents; and ‘‘(B) the compensation and other benefits, including health care benefits, that are provided for members of the reserve components under the laws of the United States. ‘‘(2) The first review under paragraph (1) shall take place during fiscal year 2006.’’ PAY OF ADMINISTRATION, TRAINING, AND SUPPLY MAIN- TENANCE TECHNICIANS FOR ARMY RESERVE CONTIN- GENT UPON RESERVE STATUS Pub. L. 104–61, title VIII, § 8016, Dec. 1, 1995, 109 Stat. 654, provided that none of the funds appropriated for Department of Defense during and after fiscal year 1996 were to be obligated for pay of any individual who was initially employed after Dec. 1, 1995, as technician in administration and training of Army Reserve and maintenance and repair of supplies issued to Army Re- serve unless such individual was also military member of Army Reserve troop program unit that he or she was employed to support, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 522(e), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1735. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts: Pub. L. 103–335, title VIII, § 8015, Sept. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 2620. Pub. L. 103–139, title VIII, § 8016, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1440. Pub. L. 102–396, title IX, § 9019, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1904. Pub. L. 102–172, title VIII, § 8018, Nov. 26, 1991, 105 Stat. 1175. Pub. L. 101–511, title VIII, § 8018, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1878. Pub. L. 101–165, title IX, § 9027, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1135. Pub. L. 100–463, title VIII, § 8045, Oct. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2270–25. Pub. L. 100–202, § 101(b) [title VIII, § 8055], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–43, 1329–72. Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(c) [title IX, § 9054], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783–82, 1783–111, and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(c) [title IX, § 9054], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341–82, 3341–111. Pub. L. 99–190, § 101(b) [title VIII, § 8059], Dec. 19, 1985, 99 Stat. 1185, 1212. Pub. L. 98–473, title I, § 101(h) [title VIII, § 8076], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1904, 1938. Pub. L. 98–212, title VII, § 783, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1453. RETENTION IN ACTIVE STATUS OF NATIONAL GUARD OR RESERVE TECHNICIANS UNTIL AGE SIXTY Pub. L. 104–61, title VIII, § 8017, Dec. 1, 1995, 109 Stat. 655, provided that: ‘‘Notwithstanding any other provi- sion of law, during the current fiscal year and here- after, the Secretaries of the Army and Air Force may authorize the retention in an active status until age sixty of any person who would otherwise be removed from an active status and who is employed as a Na- tional Guard or Reserve technician in a position in which active status in a reserve component of the Army or Air Force is required as a condition of that employment.’’ Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts: Pub. L. 103–335, title VIII, § 8016, Sept. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 2620. Pub. L. 103–139, title VIII, § 8018, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1441. Pub. L. 102–396, title IX, § 9022, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1905. Pub. L. 102–172, title VIII, § 8022, Nov. 26, 1991, 105 Stat. 1176. Pub. L. 101–511, title VIII, § 8022, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1879. Pub. L. 101–165, title IX, § 9032, Nov. 21, 1989, 103 Stat. 1136. Pub. L. 100–463, title VIII, § 8052, Oct. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2270–26. Pub. L. 100–202, § 101(b) [title VIII, § 8064], Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1329–43, 1329–73. Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(c) [title IX, § 9063], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783–82, 1783–112, and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(c) [title IX, § 9063], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341–82, 3341–112. Pub. L. 99–190, § 101(b) [title VIII, § 8073], Dec. 19, 1985, 99 Stat. 1185, 1214. Pub. L. 98–473, title I, § 101(h) [title VIII, § 8106], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1904, 1943. § 10102. Purpose of reserve components The purpose of each reserve component is to provide trained units and qualified persons available for active duty in the armed forces, in time of war or national emergency, and at such other times as the national security may re- quire, to fill the needs of the armed forces when- ever more units and persons are needed than are in the regular components. (Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1661(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2970; amended