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45 U.S.C. § 1116 — Applicability of other laws
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 247
TITLE 45—RAILROADS
§ 1201
1 See References in Text note below.
tion 743 of this title. Subsec. (c) of section 1167, which
was set out as subsec. (b) of this section and which pro-
vided that the clerk of the special court convey to the
Secretary certain series B preferred stock and common
stock of Conrail on deposit with the court, and author-
ized the Secretary to hold and exercise all rights to
such Conrail securities, was repealed by Pub. L. 99–509,
title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(IV), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908.
§ 1116. Applicability of other laws
(a) The provisions of chapters 5 and 7 of title
5 (popularly known as the Administrative Proce-
dure Act and including provisions popularly
known as the Government in the Sunshine Act),
chapter 10 of title 5, section 102(2)(C) of the Na-
tional Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [42
U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)], division A of subtitle III of
title 54, and section 303 of title 49 are inappli-
cable to actions taken in negotiating, approv-
ing, or implementing service transfers under
title IV of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act
of 1973 [45 U.S.C. 761 et seq.] 1 and to the imple-
mentation of the sale of the interest of the
United States in Conrail under the Conrail Pri-
vatization Act [45 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.].
(b) The operation of trains by Conrail shall
not be subject to the requirement of any State
or local law which specifies the minimum num-
ber of crew members who must be employed in
connection with the operation of such trains.
(Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, § 1168, Aug. 13, 1981, 95
Stat. 687; Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(B),
Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908; Pub. L. 113–287,
§ 5(m)(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3271; Pub. L.
117–286, § 4(a)(288), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4337.)
Editorial No
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Page 247
TITLE 45—RAILROADS
§ 1201
1 See References in Text note below.
tion 743 of this title. Subsec. (c) of section 1167, which
was set out as subsec. (b) of this section and which pro-
vided that the clerk of the special court convey to the
Secretary certain series B preferred stock and common
stock of Conrail on deposit with the court, and author-
ized the Secretary to hold and exercise all rights to
such Conrail securities, was repealed by Pub. L. 99–509,
title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(C)(i)(IV), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908.
§ 1116. Applicability of other laws
(a) The provisions of chapters 5 and 7 of title
5 (popularly known as the Administrative Proce-
dure Act and including provisions popularly
known as the Government in the Sunshine Act),
chapter 10 of title 5, section 102(2)(C) of the Na-
tional Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [42
U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)], division A of subtitle III of
title 54, and section 303 of title 49 are inappli-
cable to actions taken in negotiating, approv-
ing, or implementing service transfers under
title IV of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act
of 1973 [45 U.S.C. 761 et seq.] 1 and to the imple-
mentation of the sale of the interest of the
United States in Conrail under the Conrail Pri-
vatization Act [45 U.S.C. 1301 et seq.].
(b) The operation of trains by Conrail shall
not be subject to the requirement of any State
or local law which specifies the minimum num-
ber of crew members who must be employed in
connection with the operation of such trains.
(Pub. L. 97–35, title XI, § 1168, Aug. 13, 1981, 95
Stat. 687; Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, § 4033(c)(1)(B),
Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1908; Pub. L. 113–287,
§ 5(m)(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3271; Pub. L.
117–286, § 4(a)(288), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4337.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Administrative Procedure Act, referred to in sub-
sec. (a), is act June 11, 1946, ch. 324, 60 Stat. 237, which
was classified to sections 1001 to 1011 of former title 5
and which was repealed and reenacted as subchapter II
(§ 551 et seq.) of chapter 5, and chapter 7 (§ 701 et seq.),
of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by
Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378.
The Government in the Sunshine Act, referred to in
subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 94–409, Sept. 13, 1976, 90 Stat. 1241,
which enacted section 552b of Title 5, amended sections
551, 552, 556, and 557 of Title 5, section 10 of Pub. L.
92–463, formerly set out in the Appendix to Title 5, and
section 410 of Title 39, Postal Service, and enacted pro-
visions set out as notes under section 552b of Title 5.
For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title of 1976 Amendment note set out under sec-
tion 552b of Title 5 and Tables.
The Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973, re-
ferred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 93–236, Jan. 2, 1974, 87
Stat. 985. Title IV of the Regional Rail Reorganization
Act of 1973 was classified generally to subchapter IV
(§ 761 et seq.) of chapter 16 of this title, and was re-
pealed by Pub. L. 99–509, title IV, § 4033(a)(1), Oct. 21,
1986, 100 Stat. 1908. For complete classification of this
Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under sec-
tion 701 of this title and Tables.
The Conrail Privatization Act, referred to in subsec.
(a), is subtitle A (§§ 4001–4052) of title IV of Pub. L.
99–509, Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1892, which is classified
principally to chapter 22 (§ 1301 et seq.) of this title. For
complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title note set out under section 1301 of this title
and Tables.
CODIFICATION
In subsec. (a), ‘‘section 303 of title 49’’ substituted for
‘‘section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act
of 1966 [49 U.S.C. 1653(f)]’’ on authority of Pub. L. 97–449,
§ 6(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2443, the first section of
which enacted subtitle I (§ 101 et seq.) and chapter 31
(§ 3101 et seq.) of subtitle II of Title 49, Transportation.
AMENDMENTS
2022—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted ‘‘chapter
10 of title 5,’’ for ‘‘the Federal Advisory Committee
Act,’’.
2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–287, which directed sub-
stitution of ‘‘division A of subtitle III of title 54’’ for
‘‘the National Historic Preservation Act’’, was exe-
cuted by making the substitution for ‘‘the National
Historic Preservation Act of 1966’’ to reflect the prob-
able intent of Congress.
1986—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–509 inserted ‘‘and to the
implementation of the sale of the interest of the United
States in Conrail under the Conrail Privatization Act’’.
CHAPTER 21—ALASKA RAILROAD TRANSFER
Sec.
1201.
Findings.
1202.
Definitions.
1203.
Transfer authorization.
1204.
Transition period.
1205.
Lands to be transferred.
1206.
Employees of Alaska Railroad.
1207.
State operation.
1208.
Future rights-of-way.
1209.
Repealed.
1210.
Other disposition.
1211.
Denali National Park and Preserve lands.
1212.
Applicability of other laws.
1213.
Conflict with other laws.
1214.
Separability.
§ 1201. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) the Alaska Railroad, which was built by
the Federal Government to serve the transpor-
tation and development needs of the Territory
of Alaska, presently is providing freight and
passenger services that primarily benefit resi-
dents and businesses in the State of Alaska;
(2) many communities and individuals in
Alaska are wholly or substantially dependent
on the Alaska Railroad for freight and pas-
senger service and provision of such service is
an essential governmental function;
(3) continuation of services of the Alaska
Railroad and the opportunity for future expan-
sion of those services are necessary to achieve
Federal, State, and private objectives; how-
ever, continued Federal control and financial
support are no longer necessary to accomplish
these objectives;
(4) the transfer of the Alaska Railroad and
provision for its operation by the State in the
manner contemplated by this chapter is made
pursuant to the Federal goal and ongoing pro-
gram of transferring appropriate activities to
the States;
(5) the State’s continued operation of the
Alaska Railroad following the transfer con-
templated by this chapter, together with such
expansion of the railroad as may be necessary
or convenient in the future, will constitute an
appropriate public use of the rail system and
associated properties, will provide an essential
governmental service, and will promote the
general welfare of Alaska’s residents and visi-
tors; and
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress, recognizing the profound impact of man’s activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment, particularly the profound influences of population growth, high-density urbanization, industrial expansion, resource exploitation, and new and expanding technological advances and recognizing further the critical importance of restoring and maintaining environmental quality to the overall welfare and development of man, declares that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all practicable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive harmony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans.
**(b)** In order to carry out the policy set forth in this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means, consistent with other essential considerations of national policy, to improve and coordinate Federal plans, functions, programs, and resources to the end that the Nation may—
(1) fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding generations;
(2) assure for all Americans safe, healthful, productive, and esthetically and culturally pleasing surroundings;
(3) attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences;
(4) preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritag
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4332
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 6139
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 4332
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create
any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforce-
able at law or in equity by any party against the
United States, its departments, agencies, or entities,
its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
J.R. BIDEN, JR.
SUBCHAPTER I—POLICIES AND GOALS
§ 4331. Congressional declaration of national en-
vironmental policy
(a) The Congress, recognizing the profound im-
pact of man’s activity on the interrelations of
all components of the natural environment, par-
ticularly the profound influences of population
growth, high-density urbanization, industrial
expansion, resource exploitation, and new and
expanding technological advances and recog-
nizing further the critical importance of restor-
ing and maintaining environmental quality to
the overall welfare and development of man, de-
clares that it is the continuing policy of the
Federal Government, in cooperation with State
and local governments, and other concerned
public and private organizations, to use all prac-
ticable means and measures, including financial
and technical assistance, in a manner calculated
to foster and promote the general welfare, to
create and maintain conditions under which
man and nature can exist in productive har-
mony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other
requirements of present and future generations
of Americans.
(b) In order to carry out the policy set forth in
this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility
of the Federal Government to use all practicable
means, consistent with other essential consider-
ations of national policy, to improve and coordi-
nate Federal plans, functions, programs, and re-
sources to the end that the Nati
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 4332
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 4332. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The provisions of chapters 5 and 7 of title 5 (popularly known as the Administrative Procedure Act and including provisions popularly known as the Government in the Sunshine Act), chapter 10 of title 5, section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 [[42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4332/2/C&num=0&edition=prelim)], division A of subtitle III of title 54, and [section 303 of title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section303&num=0&edition=prelim) are inapplicable to actions taken in negotiating, approving, or implementing service transfers under title IV of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 [[45 U.S.C. 761](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section761&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] 11 See References in Text note below. and to the implementation of the sale of the interest of the United States in Conrail under the Conrail Privatization Act [[45 U.S.C. 1301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section1301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
**(b)** The operation of trains by Conrail shall not be subject to the requirement of any State or local law which specifies the minimum number of crew members who must be employed in connection with the operation of such trains.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds that—
(1) the bankruptcy of the Penn Central and other railroads in the Northeast and Midwest resulted in a transportation emergency which required the intervention of the Federal Government;
(2) the United States Government created the Consolidated Rail Corporation, which provides essential rail service to the Northeast and Midwest;
(3) the future of rail service in the Northeast and Midwest is essential and must be protected through rail service obligations, consistent with the transfer of the Corporation to the private sector;
(4) the Northeast Rail Service Act of 1981 has achieved its purpose in allowing the Corporation to become financially self-sustaining;
(5) the Federal Government has invested over $7,000,000,000 in providing rail service to the Northeast and Midwest;
(6) the Government, as a result of its ownership and investment of taxpayer dollars in the Corporation, controls substantial assets, including cash of approximately $1,000,000,000;
(7) the Corporation’s viability and sound performance allow it to be sold to the American public for a substantial sum through a public offering;
(8) a public offering of the Corporation’s stock will preserve competitive rail service in the region, provide a reasonable return to the Government, and protect employment;
(9) the Corporation’s employees contributed significantly to the turnaround in the Corporation’s financial performance and they should share in the Corporation’s success through a settlement of their claims for reimbursement for wages below industry standard, and a share in the common equity of the Corporation;
(10) the requirements of section 761(e) 11 See References in Text note below. of this title are met by this chapter; and
(11) the Secretary of Transportation has dischar
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 45 U.S.C. § 1301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 261
TITLE 45—RAILROADS
§ 1303
1 See References in Text note below.
Sec.
1312.
Public offering.
1313.
Fees.
PART B—OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO SALE
1321.
Rail service obligations.
1322.
Ownership limitations.
1323.
Board of Directors.
1324.
Certain enforcement relief.
PART C—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
1341.
Abolition of United States Railway Associa-
tion.
1342.
Exemption from liability.
1343.
Charter amendment.
1344.
Status of Conrail after sale.
1345.
Effect on contracts.
1346.
Resolution of certain issues.
1347.
Tax treatment of Conrail public sale.
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 1301. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) the bankruptcy of the Penn Central and
other railroads in the Northeast and Midwest
resulted in a transportation emergency which
required the intervention of the Federal Gov-
ernment;
(2) the United States Government created
the Consolidated Rail Corporation, which pro-
vides essential rail service to the Northeast
and Midwest;
(3) the future of rail service in the Northeast
and Midwest is essential and must be pro-
tected through rail service obligations, con-
sistent with the transfer of the Corporation to
the private sector;
(4) the Northeast Rail Service Act of 1981 has
achieved its purpose in allowing the Corpora-
tion to become financially self-sustaining;
(5) the Federal Government has invested
over $7,000,000,000 in providing rail service to
the Northeast and Midwest;
(6) the Government, as a result of its
ownership and investment of taxpayer dollars
in the Corporation, controls substantial as-
sets,
including
cash
of
approximately
$1,000,000,000;
(7) the Corporation’s viability and sound per-
formance allow it to be sold to the American
public for a substantial sum through a public
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 45 U.S.C. § 1301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 210
TITLE 45—RAILROADS
§§ 761 to 769c
1 So in original. Section 10903(b) of Title 49, Transportation,
does not contain a par. (3).
2 See References in Text note below.
(d) Offers of financial assistance
(1) The provisions of section 10904 of title 49
(including the timing requirements of sub-
section (d) thereof) shall apply to any offer of fi-
nancial assistance under subsection (b) or (c) of
this section.
(2) The Corporation shall provide any person
that intends to make an offer of financial assist-
ance under subsection (b) or (c) of this section
with such information as the Commission may
require.
(e) Liquidation
(1) If any application for abandonment is
granted under subsection (b) of this section, the
Commission shall, as soon as practicable, ap-
praise the net liquidation value of the line to be
abandoned, and shall publish notice of such ap-
praisal in the Federal Register.
(2) Appraisals made under paragraph (1) shall
not be appealable.
(3)(A) If, within 120 days after the date on
which an appraisal is published in the Federal
Register under paragraph (1), the Corporation
receives a bona fide offer for the sale, for 75 per-
cent of the amount at which the liquidation
value of such line was appraised by the Commis-
sion, of the line to be abandoned, the Corpora-
tion shall sell such line and the Commission
shall, unless the parties otherwise agree, estab-
lish an equitable division of joint rates for
through routes over such lines.
(B) If the Corporation receives no bona fide
offer under subparagraph (A), within such 120-
day period, the Corporation may abandon or dis-
pose of the line as it chooses, except that the
Corporation may not dismantle bridges, or other
structures (not including rail, signals, and other
rail facilitie
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 45 U.S.C. § 761
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 45 U.S.C. § 761. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.