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20 U.S.C. § 76k — Powers of Board
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 28
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 76k
portation and Infrastructure of the House of Represent-
atives and the Committee on Environment and Public
Works of the Senate a report containing the results of
the study with an assessment of the impacts (including
environmental, aesthetic, economic, and historical im-
pacts) associated with the implementation of each of
the methods examined under the study.
‘‘(3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is au-
thorized to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry
out this subsection $500,000 for fiscal year 1998.
‘‘(4) APPLICABILITY OF TITLE 23, UNITED STATES CODE.—
Funds authorized by this subsection shall be available
for obligation in the same manner as if such funds were
apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, United States
Code; except that the Federal share of the cost of ac-
tivities conducted using such funds shall be 100 percent
and such funds shall remain available until expended.’’
§ 76k. Powers of Board
(a) Solicitation and acceptance of gifts
The Board is authorized to solicit and accept
for the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts, as a bureau of the Smithsonian In-
stitution, and to hold and administer gifts, be-
quests, or devises of money, securities, or other
property of whatsoever character for the benefit
of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts. Unless otherwise restricted by the
terms of the gift, bequest, or devise, the Board
is authorized to sell or exchange and to invest or
reinvest in such investments as it may deter-
mine from time to time the moneys, securities,
or other property composing trust funds given,
bequeathed, or devised to or for the benefit of
the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
Arts.
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Page 28
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 76k
portation and Infrastructure of the House of Represent-
atives and the Committee on Environment and Public
Works of the Senate a report containing the results of
the study with an assessment of the impacts (including
environmental, aesthetic, economic, and historical im-
pacts) associated with the implementation of each of
the methods examined under the study.
‘‘(3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is au-
thorized to be appropriated out of the Highway Trust
Fund (other than the Mass Transit Account) to carry
out this subsection $500,000 for fiscal year 1998.
‘‘(4) APPLICABILITY OF TITLE 23, UNITED STATES CODE.—
Funds authorized by this subsection shall be available
for obligation in the same manner as if such funds were
apportioned under chapter 1 of title 23, United States
Code; except that the Federal share of the cost of ac-
tivities conducted using such funds shall be 100 percent
and such funds shall remain available until expended.’’
§ 76k. Powers of Board
(a) Solicitation and acceptance of gifts
The Board is authorized to solicit and accept
for the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts, as a bureau of the Smithsonian In-
stitution, and to hold and administer gifts, be-
quests, or devises of money, securities, or other
property of whatsoever character for the benefit
of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts. Unless otherwise restricted by the
terms of the gift, bequest, or devise, the Board
is authorized to sell or exchange and to invest or
reinvest in such investments as it may deter-
mine from time to time the moneys, securities,
or other property composing trust funds given,
bequeathed, or devised to or for the benefit of
the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
Arts. The income as and when collected shall be
placed in such depositaries as the Board shall
determine and shall be subject to expenditure by
the Board.
(b) Appointment of officers and employees
(1) Chairperson and Secretary
The Board shall appoint and fix the com-
pensation and duties of a Chairperson of the
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
Arts, who shall serve as the chief executive of-
ficer of the Center, and a Secretary of the
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
Arts. The Chairperson and Secretary shall be
well qualified by experience and training to
perform the duties of their respective offices.
(2) Senior level executive and other employees
The Chairperson of the John F. Kennedy
Center for the Performing Arts may appoint—
(A) a senior level executive who, by virtue
of the background of the individual, shall be
well suited to be responsible for facilities
management and services and who may,
without regard to the provisions of title 5, be
appointed and compensated with appro-
priated funds, except that the compensation
may not exceed the maximum rate of pay
prescribed for level IV of the Executive
Schedule under section 5315 of title 5; and
(B) such other officers and employees of
the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts as may be necessary for the ef-
ficient administration of the functions of
the Board.
(c) Transfer of property
Not later than October 1, 1995, the property, li-
abilities, contracts, records, and unexpended
balances of appropriations, authorizations, allo-
cations, and other funds employed, held, used,
arising from, available to, or to be made avail-
able in connection with the functions trans-
ferred from the Secretary of the Interior pursu-
ant to the amendments made by the John F.
Kennedy Center Act Amendments of 1994 shall
be transferred, subject to section 1531 of title 31,
to the Board as the Board and the Secretary of
the Interior may determine appropriate. Unex-
pended funds transferred pursuant to this sub-
section shall be used only for the purposes for
which, and subject to the terms under which,
the funds were originally authorized and appro-
priated.
(d) Transfer of personnel
(1) In general
Employees of the National Park Service as-
signed to duties related to the functions being
undertaken by the Board shall be transferred
with their functions to the Board not later
than October 1, 1995.
(2) Rights and benefits
Transferred employees shall remain in the
Federal competitive service and retain all
rights and benefits provided under title 5. For
a period of not less than 3 years after the date
of transfer of an employee under paragraph (1),
the transferred employee shall retain the right
of priority consideration under merit pro-
motion procedures or lateral reassignment for
all vacancies within the Department of the In-
terior.
(3) Park Police
All United States Park Police and Park Po-
lice guard force employees assigned to the
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
Arts shall remain employees of the National
Park Service.
(4) Costs
All usual and customary costs associated
with any adverse action or grievance pro-
ceeding resulting from the transfer of func-
tions under this section that are incurred be-
fore October 1, 1995, shall be paid from funds
appropriated to the John F. Kennedy Center
for the Performing Arts.
(5) Reorganization authority
Nothing contained in this section shall pro-
hibit the Board from reorganizing functions at
the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts in accordance with laws gov-
erning reorganizations.
(e) Review of Board actions
The actions of the Board relating to per-
forming arts and to payments made or directed
to be made by the Board from any trust funds
shall not be subject to review by any officer or
agency other than a court of law.
(f) Collective bargaining
(1) ‘‘Theatrical employee’’ defined
As used in this subsection, the term ‘‘theat-
rical employee’’ means a nonappropriated fund
employee of the Board, who is engaged in a
box office, performing, or theatrical trade that
is the subject of a collective bargaining agree-
Page 29
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 76l
1 See References in Text note below.
ment as of January 1, 1994, including any
change in the trade as a result of a techno-
logical advance.
(2) Collective bargaining
(A) In general
For the purposes of the National Labor Re-
lations Act (29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) and the
Labor-Management Relations Act, 1947 (29
U.S.C. 141 et seq.)—
(i) each theatrical employee shall be con-
sidered to be an ‘‘employee’’ within the
meaning of section 2(3) of the National
Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(3)); and
(ii) with respect to a theatrical em-
ployee, the Board shall be considered to be
an ‘‘employer’’ within the meaning of sec-
tion 2(2) of the National Labor Relations
Act (29 U.S.C. 152(2)).
(B) Rights and obligations
With respect to each theatrical employee,
the theatrical employee and the Board shall
have all of the rights and obligations speci-
fied in such Acts.
(g) Pedestrian and vehicular access
Subject to approval of the Secretary of the In-
terior under section 76j(a)(2)(F) of this title, the
Board shall develop plans and carry out projects
to improve pedestrian and vehicular access to
the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing
Arts.
(Pub. L. 85–874, § 5, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1699;
Pub. L. 88–260, § 1(2), Jan. 23, 1964, 78 Stat. 4; Pub.
L. 103–279, § 4, July 21, 1994, 108 Stat. 1413; Pub. L.
105–95, § 3(b), Nov. 19, 1997, 111 Stat. 2149.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The John F. Kennedy Center Act Amendments of
1994, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 103–279, July
21, 1994, 108 Stat. 1409, which enacted sections 76r and
76s of this title, amended this section, sections 76h, 76j,
76l, and 76p of this title, and sections 193r, 193u, and
193v of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and
Works, and enacted and amended provisions set out as
notes under section 76h of this title. For complete clas-
sification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of
1994 Amendment note set out under section 76h of this
title and Tables.
The National Labor Relations Act, referred to in sub-
sec. (f)(2), is act July 5, 1935, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 449, which
is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 151 et seq.) of
chapter 7 of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification
of this Act to the Code, see section 167 of Title 29 and
Tables.
The Labor Management Relations Act, 1947, referred
to in subsec. (f)(2), is act June 23, 1947, ch. 120, 61 Stat.
136, which is classified principally to chapter 7 (§ 141 et
seq.) of Title 29. For complete classification of this Act
to the Code, see section 141 of Title 29 and Tables.
AMENDMENTS
1997—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105–95 added subsec. (g).
1994—Pub. L. 103–279, § 4(a)(1), substituted section
catchline for former section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–279, § 4(a)(1), inserted heading
and substituted ‘‘John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts, as a bureau of the Smithsonian Institu-
tion,’’ for ‘‘Smithsonian Institution’’.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–279, § 4(b), inserted heading
and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text
read as follows: ‘‘The Board shall appoint and fix the
compensation and duties of a director, an assistant di-
rector, and a secretary of the John F. Kennedy Center
for the Performing Arts and of such other officers and
employees of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per-
forming Arts as may be necessary for the efficient ad-
ministration of the functions of the Board. The direc-
tor, assistant director, and secretary shall be well
qualified by experience and training to perform the du-
ties of their office.’’
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–279, § 4(c), added heading and
text of subsec. (c) and struck out text of former subsec.
(c). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: ‘‘The ac-
tions of the Board, including any payment made or di-
rected to be made by it from any trust funds, shall not
be subject to review by any officer or agency other
than a court of law.’’
Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 103–279, § 4(c), added sub-
secs. (d) to (f).
1964—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 88–260 substituted
‘‘John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts’’ for
‘‘National Cultural Center’’ wherever appearing.
§ 76l. Official seal, Board vacancies and quorum,
trustee powers and obligations, reports, sup-
port services, and review and audit
(a) Adoption of seal; Board function notwith-
standing vacancies; quorum
The Board is authorized to adopt an official
seal which shall be judicially noticed and to
make such bylaws, rules, and regulations, as it
deems necessary for the administration of its
functions under this subchapter, including,
among other matters, bylaws, rules, and regula-
tions relating to the administration of its trust
funds and the organization and procedure of the
Board. The Board may function notwithstanding
vacancies and twelve members of the Board
shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of
business.
(b) Powers and obligations of Board in respect of
trust funds
The Board shall have all the usual powers and
obligations of a trustee in respect of all trust
funds administered by it.
(c) Annual report of operations and finances
The Board shall submit to the Smithsonian In-
stitution and to Congress an annual report of
the operations of the Board under this sub-
chapter, including a detailed statement of all
public and private moneys received and dis-
bursed by it.
(d) Inspector General
The functions of the Board funded by funds ap-
propriated pursuant to section 76r 1 of this title
shall be subject to the requirements for a Fed-
eral entity under chapter 4 of title 5. The Inspec-
tor General of the Smithsonian Institution is
authorized to carry out the requirements of such
chapter on behalf of the Board, on a reimburs-
able basis when requested by the Board.
(e) Property and personnel compensation
(1) In general
The Board may procure insurance against
any loss in connection with the property of
the Board and other assets administered by
the Board. Each employee and volunteer of the
Board shall be considered to be a civil em-
ployee of the United States (within the mean-
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Solicitation and acceptance of gifts** The Board is authorized to solicit and accept for the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as a bureau of the Smithsonian Institution, and to hold and administer gifts, bequests, or devises of money, securities, or other property of whatsoever character for the benefit of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. Unless otherwise restricted by the terms of the gift, bequest, or devise, the Board is authorized to sell or exchange and to invest or reinvest in such investments as it may determine from time to time the moneys, securities, or other property composing trust funds given, bequeathed, or devised to or for the benefit of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. The income as and when collected shall be placed in such depositaries as the Board shall determine and shall be subject to expenditure by the Board.
**(b) Appointment of officers and employees**
(1) **Chairperson and Secretary** — The Board shall appoint and fix the compensation and duties of a Chairperson of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, who shall serve as the chief executive officer of the Center, and a Secretary of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. The Chairperson and Secretary shall be well qualified by experience and training to perform the duties of their respective offices.
(2) **Senior level executive and other employees** — The Chairperson of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts may appoint—
(A) a senior level executive who, by virtue of the background of the individual, shall be well suited to be responsible for facilities management and services and who may, without regard to the provisions of title 5, be appointed and compensated with appropriated funds, excep
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 76k
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** This chapter may be cited as the “Labor Management Relations Act, 1947”.
**(b)** Industrial strife which interferes with the normal flow of commerce and with the full production of articles and commodities for commerce, can be avoided or substantially minimized if employers, employees, and labor organizations each recognize under law one another’s legitimate rights in their relations with each other, and above all recognize under law that neither party has any right in its relations with any other to engage in acts or practices which jeopardize the public health, safety, or interest.It is the purpose and policy of this chapter, in order to promote the full flow of commerce, to prescribe the legitimate rights of both employees and employers in their relations affecting commerce, to provide orderly and peaceful procedures for preventing the interference by either with the legitimate rights of the other, to protect the rights of individual employees in their relations with labor organizations whose activities affect commerce, to define and proscribe practices on the part of labor and management which affect commerce and are inimical to the general welfare, and to protect the rights of the public in connection with labor disputes affecting commerce.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 34
TITLE 29—LABOR
§ 141
Sec.
152.
Definitions.
153.
National Labor Relations Board.
154.
National Labor Relations Board; eligibility
for reappointment; officers and employees;
payment of expenses.
155.
National Labor Relations Board; principal of-
fice, conducting inquiries throughout coun-
try; participation in decisions or inquiries
conducted by member.
156.
Rules and regulations.
157.
Right of employees as to organization, collec-
tive bargaining, etc.
158.
Unfair labor practices.
158a.
Providing facilities for operations of Federal
Credit Unions.
159.
Representatives and elections.
160.
Prevention of unfair labor practices.
161.
Investigatory powers of Board.
162.
Offenses and penalties.
163.
Right to strike preserved.
164.
Construction of provisions.
165.
Conflict of laws.
166.
Separability.
167.
Short title of subchapter.
168.
Validation of certificates and other Board ac-
tions.
169.
Employees with religious convictions; pay-
ment of dues and fees.
SUBCHAPTER III—CONCILIATION OF LABOR
DISPUTES; NATIONAL EMERGENCIES
171.
Declaration of purpose and policy.
172.
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.
173.
Functions of Service.
174.
Co-equal obligations of employees, their rep-
resentatives, and management to minimize
labor disputes.
175.
National Labor-Management Panel; creation
and composition; appointment, tenure, and
compensation; duties.
175a.
Assistance to plant, area, and industrywide
labor management committees.
176.
National emergencies; appointment of board
of inquiry by President; report; contents;
filing with Service.
177.
Board of inquiry.
178.
Injunctions during national emergency.
179.
Injunctions during national emergency; ad-
justment efforts by parties during injunc-
tio
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 29 U.S.C. § 141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The denial by some employers of the right of employees to organize and the refusal by some employers to accept the procedure of collective bargaining lead to strikes and other forms of industrial strife or unrest, which have the intent or the necessary effect of burdening or obstructing commerce by (a) impairing the efficiency, safety, or operation of the instrumentalities of commerce; (b) occurring in the current of commerce; (c) materially affecting, restraining, or controlling the flow of raw materials or manufactured or processed goods from or into the channels of commerce, or the prices of such materials or goods in commerce; or (d) causing diminution of employment and wages in such volume as substantially to impair or disrupt the market for goods flowing from or into the channels of commerce.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 151
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 36
TITLE 29—LABOR
§ 142
procurements; grants and other direct or indirect Fed-
eral investments; tax and trade administration and en-
forcement; administration and enforcement of labor,
employment, and other relevant laws; property man-
agement; and human resources management and labor
relations.
(b) ‘‘Worker organizing and collective bargaining’’
encompasses the private sector, State and local govern-
ments, and the Federal Government. It also includes
those sectors of the economy and those workers who
have not historically been able to unionize, or whose
ability to effectively collectively bargain or organize
has been undermined.
(c) the term ‘‘agency’’ refers to all agencies described
in section 3502(1) of title 44, United States Code, except
for the agencies described in section 3502(5) of title 44.
SEC. 4. Revocations. (a) Executive Order 13845 of July
19, 2018 (Establishing the President’s National Council
for the American Worker) [former 29 U.S.C. 3101 note],
and Executive Order 13931 of June 26, 2020 (Continuing
the President’s National Council for the American
Worker and the American Workforce Policy Advisory
Board) [former 29 U.S.C. 3101 note], are revoked.
(b) The Director of the Office of Management and
Budget and the heads of executive departments and
agencies shall promptly consider taking steps to re-
scind any orders, rules, regulations, guidelines, or poli-
cies, or portions thereof, implementing or enforcing
Executive Order 13845 or Executive Order 13931, as ap-
propriate and consistent with applicable law, including
the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.).
In addition, they shall abolish any personnel positions,
committees, task forces, or other entities established
pursuant to Executive Order 13845 or Ex
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 29 U.S.C. § 151
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 29 U.S.C. § 151. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
When used in this subchapter—
(1) The term “person” includes one or more individuals, labor organizations, partnerships, associations, corporations, legal representatives, trustees, trustees in cases under title 11, or receivers.
(2) The term “employer” includes any person acting as an agent of an employer, directly or indirectly, but shall not include the United States or any wholly owned Government corporation, or any Federal Reserve Bank, or any State or political subdivision thereof, or any person subject to the Railway Labor Act [[45 U.S.C. 151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], as amended from time to time, or any labor organization (other than when acting as an employer), or anyone acting in the capacity of officer or agent of such labor organization.
(3) The term “employee” shall include any employee, and shall not be limited to the employees of a particular employer, unless this subchapter explicitly states otherwise, and shall include any individual whose work has ceased as a consequence of, or in connection with, any current labor dispute or because of any unfair labor practice, and who has not obtained any other regular and substantially equivalent employment, but shall not include any individual employed as an agricultural laborer, or in the domestic service of any family or person at his home, or any individual employed by his parent or spouse, or any individual having the status of an independent contractor, or any individual employed as a supervisor, or any individual employed by an employer subject to the Railway Labor Act [[45 U.S.C. 151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title45-section151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], as amended from time to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 152
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 37
TITLE 29—LABOR
§ 152
pressions, by depressing wage rates and the pur-
chasing power of wage earners in industry and
by preventing the stabilization of competitive
wage rates and working conditions within and
between industries.
Experience has proved that protection by law
of the right of employees to organize and bar-
gain collectively safeguards commerce from in-
jury, impairment, or interruption, and promotes
the flow of commerce by removing certain rec-
ognized sources of industrial strife and unrest,
by encouraging practices fundamental to the
friendly adjustment of industrial disputes aris-
ing out of differences as to wages, hours, or
other working conditions, and by restoring
equality of bargaining power between employers
and employees.
Experience has further demonstrated that cer-
tain practices by some labor organizations, their
officers, and members have the intent or the
necessary effect of burdening or obstructing
commerce by preventing the free flow of goods
in such commerce through strikes and other
forms of industrial unrest or through concerted
activities which impair the interest of the pub-
lic in the free flow of such commerce. The elimi-
nation of such practices is a necessary condition
to the assurance of the rights herein guaranteed.
It is hereby declared to be the policy of the
United States to eliminate the causes of certain
substantial obstructions to the free flow of com-
merce and to mitigate and eliminate these ob-
structions when they have occurred by encour-
aging the practice and procedure of collective
bargaining and by protecting the exercise by
workers of full freedom of association, self-orga-
nization, and designation of representatives of
their own choosing, for the purpose of negoti-
ating the terms
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 29 U.S.C. § 152
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