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29 U.S.C. § 141 — Short title; Congressional declaration of purpose and policy
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** This chapter may be cited as the “Labor Management Relations Act, 1947”.
**(b)** Industrial strife which interferes with the normal flow of commerce and with the full production of articles and commodities for commerce, can be avoided or substantially minimized if employers, employees, and labor organizations each recognize under law one another’s legitimate rights in their relations with each other, and above all recognize under law that neither party has any right in its relations with any other to engage in acts or practices which jeopardize the public health, safety, or interest.It is the purpose and policy of this chapter, in order to promote the full flow of commerce, to prescribe the legitimate rights of both employees and employers in their relations affecting commerce, to provide orderly and peaceful procedures for preventing the interference by either with the legitimate rights of the other, to protect the rights of individual employees in their relations with labor organizations whose activities affect commerce, to define and proscribe practices on the part of labor and management which affect commerce and are inimical to the general welfare, and to protect the rights of the public in connection with labor disputes affecting commerce.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 141
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_9531428a5cdedff09d251824
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-29/section-141-short-title-congressional-declaration-of-purpose-and-policy--c7e7b62243.md
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Source location: Title 29, Chapter 7, § 141; chapter-007-labor-management-relations.md
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**(a)** This chapter may be cited as the “Labor Management Relations Act, 1947”.
**(b)** Industrial strife which interferes with the normal flow of commerce and with the full production of articles and commodities for commerce, can be avoided or substantially minimized if employers, employees, and labor organizations each recognize under law one another’s legitimate rights in their relations with each other, and above all recognize under law that neither party has any right in its relations with any other to engage in acts or practices which jeopardize the public health, safety, or interest.It is the purpose and policy of this chapter, in order to promote the full flow of commerce, to prescribe the legitimate rights of both employees and employers in their relations affecting commerce, to provide orderly and peaceful procedures for preventing the interference by either with the legitimate rights of the other, to protect the rights of individual employees in their relations with labor organizations whose activities affect commerce, to define and proscribe practices on the part of labor and management which affect commerce and are inimical to the general welfare, and to protect the rights of the public in connection with labor disputes affecting commerce.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The denial by some employers of the right of employees to organize and the refusal by some employers to accept the procedure of collective bargaining lead to strikes and other forms of industrial strife or unrest, which have the intent or the necessary effect of burdening or obstructing commerce by (a) impairing the efficiency, safety, or operation of the instrumentalities of commerce; (b) occurring in the current of commerce; (c) materially affecting, restraining, or controlling the flow of raw materials or manufactured or processed goods from or into the channels of commerce, or the prices of such materials or goods in commerce; or (d) causing diminution of employment and wages in such volume as substantially to impair or disrupt the market for goods flowing from or into the channels of commerce.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 151
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of this subchapter—
(1) “agency” means each authority of the Government of the United States, whether or not it is within or subject to review by another agency, but does not include—
(A) the Congress;
(B) the courts of the United States;
(C) the governments of the territories or possessions of the United States;
(D) the government of the District of Columbia;
or except as to the requirements of [section 552 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section552&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(E) agencies composed of representatives of the parties or of representatives of organizations of the parties to the disputes determined by them;
(F) courts martial and military commissions;
(G) military authority exercised in the field in time of war or in occupied territory; or
(H) functions conferred by sections 1738, 1739, 1743, and 1744 of title 12; subchapter II of chapter 471 of title 49; or sections 1884, 1891–1902, and former section 1641(b)(2), of title 50, appendix; 11 See References in Text note below.
(2) “person” includes an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or public or private organization other than an agency;
(3) “party” includes a person or agency named or admitted as a party, or properly seeking and entitled as of right to be admitted as a party, in an agency proceeding, and a person or agency admitted by an agency as a party for limited purposes;
(4) “rule” means the whole or a part of an agency statement of general or particular applicability and future effect designed to implement, interpret, or prescribe law or policy or describing the organization, procedure, or practice requirements of an agency and includes the approval or prescription for the future of rates, wa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 551
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) **Advisory committees in existence on january 5, 1973.—** — Each advisory committee that is in existence on January 5, 1973, shall terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period following that date unless—
(A) in the case of an advisory committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such advisory committee is renewed by the President or that officer by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period; or
(B) in the case of an advisory committee established by an Act of Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law.
(2) **Advisory committees established after january 5, 1973.—** — Each advisory committee established after January 5, 1973, shall terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of its establishment unless—
(A) in the case of an advisory committee established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government 11 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma. such advisory committee is renewed by the President or such officer by appropriate action prior to the end of such period; or
(B) in the case of an advisory committee established by an Act of Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law.
**(b) Charters.—**
(1) **Upon renewal.—** — Upon the renewal of an advisory committee, the advisory committee shall file a charter in accordance with [section 1008(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section1008/c&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Upon expiration of successive 2-year periods.—** — An advisory committee established by an Act of Congress shall file a charter in accordance with [section 1008(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.x
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 1013
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment and operation of plant, area, and industrywide committees**
(1) The Service is authorized and directed to provide assistance in the establishment and operation of plant, area and industrywide labor management committees which—
(A) have been organized jointly by employers and labor organizations representing employees in that plant, area, or industry; and
(B) are established for the purpose of improving labor management relationships, job security, organizational effectiveness, enhancing economic development or involving workers in decisions affecting their jobs including improving communication with respect to subjects of mutual interest and concern.
(2) The Service is authorized and directed to enter into contracts and to make grants, where necessary or appropriate, to fulfill its responsibilities under this section.
**(b) Restrictions on grants, contracts, or other assistance**
(1) No grant may be made, no contract may be entered into and no other assistance may be provided under the provisions of this section to a plant labor management committee unless the employees in that plant are represented by a labor organization and there is in effect at that plant a collective bargaining agreement.
(2) No grant may be made, no contract may be entered into and no other assistance may be provided under the provisions of this section to an area or industrywide labor management committee unless its participants include any labor organizations certified or recognized as the representative of the employees of an employer participating in such committee. Nothing in this clause shall prohibit participation in an area or industrywide committee by an employer whose employees are not represented by a labor organization.
(3) No grant may be made under the
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 175a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In order to simplify reporting requirements and reduce reporting burdens, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Education, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall establish procedures and criteria under which a State board and local board may reduce reporting burdens and requirements under this Act (including the amendments made by this Act).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 3101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Solicitation and acceptance of gifts** The Board is authorized to solicit and accept for the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, as a bureau of the Smithsonian Institution, and to hold and administer gifts, bequests, or devises of money, securities, or other property of whatsoever character for the benefit of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. Unless otherwise restricted by the terms of the gift, bequest, or devise, the Board is authorized to sell or exchange and to invest or reinvest in such investments as it may determine from time to time the moneys, securities, or other property composing trust funds given, bequeathed, or devised to or for the benefit of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. The income as and when collected shall be placed in such depositaries as the Board shall determine and shall be subject to expenditure by the Board.
**(b) Appointment of officers and employees**
(1) **Chairperson and Secretary** — The Board shall appoint and fix the compensation and duties of a Chairperson of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, who shall serve as the chief executive officer of the Center, and a Secretary of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. The Chairperson and Secretary shall be well qualified by experience and training to perform the duties of their respective offices.
(2) **Senior level executive and other employees** — The Chairperson of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts may appoint—
(A) a senior level executive who, by virtue of the background of the individual, shall be well suited to be responsible for facilities management and services and who may, without regard to the provisions of title 5, be appointed and compensated with appropriated funds, excep
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 76k
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For purposes of this subchapter:
(1) The terms “employee welfare benefit plan” and “welfare plan” mean any plan, fund, or program which was heretofore or is hereafter established or maintained by an employer or by an employee organization, or by both, to the extent that such plan, fund, or program was established or is maintained for the purpose of providing for its participants or their beneficiaries, through the purchase of insurance or otherwise, (A) medical, surgical, or hospital care or benefits, or benefits in the event of sickness, accident, disability, death or unemployment, or vacation benefits, apprenticeship or other training programs, or day care centers, scholarship funds, or prepaid legal services, or (B) any benefit described in [section 186(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section186/c&num=0&edition=prelim) (other than pensions on retirement or death, and insurance to provide such pensions).
(2)
(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the terms “employee pension benefit plan” and “pension plan” mean any plan, fund, or program which was heretofore or is hereafter established or maintained by an employer or by an employee organization, or by both, to the extent that by its express terms or as a result of surrounding circumstances such plan, fund, or program—
(i) provides retirement income to employees, or
(ii) results in a deferral of income by employees for periods extending to the termination of covered employment or beyond,
regardless of the method of calculating the contributions made to the plan, the method of calculating the benefits under the plan or the method of distributing benefits from the plan. A distribution from a plan, fund, or program shall not be treated as made
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 1002
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority to transfer from old plan to new plan pursuant to employee participation in another multiemployer plan after certified change of representative** In any case in which an employer has completely or partially withdrawn from a multiemployer plan (hereafter in this section referred to as the “old plan”) as a result of a certified change of collective bargaining representative occurring after September 25, 1980, if participants of the old plan who are employed by the employer will, as a result of that change, participate in another multiemployer plan (hereafter in this section referred to as the “new plan”), the old plan shall transfer assets and liabilities to the new plan in accordance with this section.
**(b) Notification by employer of plan sponsor of old plan; notification by plan sponsor of old plan of employer and plan sponsor of new plan; appeal by new plan to prevent transfer; further proceedings**
(1) The employer shall notify the plan sponsor of the old plan of a change in multiemployer plan participation described in subsection (a) no later than 30 days after the employer determines that the change will occur.
(2) The plan sponsor of the old plan shall—
(A) notify the employer of—
(i) the amount of the employer’s withdrawal liability determined under part 1 of this subtitle with respect to the withdrawal,
(ii) the old plan’s intent to transfer to the new plan the nonforfeitable benefits of the employees who are no longer working in covered service under the old plan as a result of the change of bargaining representative, and
(iii) the amount of assets and liabilities which are to be transferred to the new plan, and
(B) notify the plan sponsor of the new plan of the benefits, assets, and liabilities which will be transferred
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 1415
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Creation, composition, appointment, and tenure; Chairman; removal of members** The National Labor Relations Board (hereinafter called the “Board”) created by this subchapter prior to its amendment by the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947 [[29 U.S.C. 141](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section141&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], is continued as an agency of the United States, except that the Board shall consist of five instead of three members, appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Of the two additional members so provided for, one shall be appointed for a term of five years and the other for a term of two years. Their successors, and the successors of the other members, shall be appointed for terms of five years each, excepting that any individual chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the member whom he shall succeed. The President shall designate one member to serve as Chairman of the Board. Any member of the Board may be removed by the President, upon notice and hearing, for neglect of duty or malfeasance in office, but for no other cause.
**(b) Delegation of powers to members and regional directors; review and stay of actions of regional directors; quorum; seal** The Board is authorized to delegate to any group of three or more members any or all of the powers which it may itself exercise. The Board is also authorized to delegate to its regional directors its powers under [section 159 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section159&num=0&edition=prelim) to determine the unit appropriate for the purpose of collective bargaining, to investigate and provide for hearings, and determine whether a question
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 153
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The following persons are not subject to this chapter:
(1) **Family business exemption.—** — Any individual who engages in a farm labor contracting activity on behalf of a farm, processing establishment, seed conditioning establishment, cannery, gin, packing shed, or nursery, which is owned or operated exclusively by such individual or an immediate family member of such individual, if such activities are performed only for such operation and exclusively by such individual or an immediate family member, but without regard to whether such individual has incorporated or otherwise organized for business purposes.
(2) **Small business exemption.—** — Any person, other than a farm labor contractor, for whom the man-days exemption for agricultural labor provided under section 13(a)(6)(A) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 ([29 U.S.C. 213(a)(6)(A)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section213/a/6/A&num=0&edition=prelim)) is applicable.
(3) **Other exemptions.—**
(A) Any common carrier which would be a farm labor contractor solely because the carrier is engaged in the farm labor contracting activity of transporting any migrant or seasonal agricultural worker.
(B) Any labor organization, as defined in section 2(5) of the Labor Management Relations Act ([29 U.S.C. 152(5)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section152/5&num=0&edition=prelim)) (without regard to the exclusion of agricultural employees in that Act [[29 U.S.C. 141](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section141&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]) or as defined under applicable State labor relations law.
(C) Any nonprofit charitable organization or public or private nonprofit educational institutio
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 1813
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