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46 U.S.C. § 12131 — Command of documented vessels
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 218
TITLE 46—SHIPPING
§ 12131
(C) if rebuilt, was rebuilt—
(i) in the United States; or
(ii) outside the United States at least 3
years before the certificate requested
under subsection (b) would take effect.
(2) SMALL
PASSENGER
VESSEL; UNINSPECTED
PASSENGER VESSEL; PASSENGER FOR HIRE.—The
terms ‘‘small passenger vessel’’, ‘‘uninspected
passenger vessel’’, and ‘‘passenger for hire’’
have the meaning given those terms in section
2101 of this title.
(b) ISSUANCE
OF CERTIFICATE
AND ENDORSE-
MENT.—Notwithstanding sections 12112, 12113,
12132, 55102, and 55103 of this title, the Secretary
may issue a certificate of documentation with
an appropriate endorsement for employment in
the coastwise trade as a small passenger vessel
or an uninspected passenger vessel in the case of
an eligible vessel authorized to carry no more
than 12 passengers for hire if the Secretary of
Transportation, after notice and an opportunity
for public comment, determines that the em-
ployment of the vessel in the coastwise trade
will not adversely affect—
(1) United States vessel builders; or
(2) the coastwise trade business of any per-
son that employs vessels built in the United
States in that business.
(c) REVOCATION.—
(1) FOR FRAUD.—The Secretary shall revoke
a certificate or endorsement issued under sub-
section (b) if the Secretary of Transportation,
after notice and an opportunity for a hearing,
determines that the certificate or endorse-
ment was obtained by fraud.
(2) OTHER PROVISIONS NOT AFFECTED.—Para-
graph (1) does not affect—
(A) the criminal prohibition on fraud and
false statements in section 1001 of title 18; or
(B) any other authority of the Secretary to
revoke a certificate or endorsement issued
under subsection (b).
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2
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Page 218
TITLE 46—SHIPPING
§ 12131
(C) if rebuilt, was rebuilt—
(i) in the United States; or
(ii) outside the United States at least 3
years before the certificate requested
under subsection (b) would take effect.
(2) SMALL
PASSENGER
VESSEL; UNINSPECTED
PASSENGER VESSEL; PASSENGER FOR HIRE.—The
terms ‘‘small passenger vessel’’, ‘‘uninspected
passenger vessel’’, and ‘‘passenger for hire’’
have the meaning given those terms in section
2101 of this title.
(b) ISSUANCE
OF CERTIFICATE
AND ENDORSE-
MENT.—Notwithstanding sections 12112, 12113,
12132, 55102, and 55103 of this title, the Secretary
may issue a certificate of documentation with
an appropriate endorsement for employment in
the coastwise trade as a small passenger vessel
or an uninspected passenger vessel in the case of
an eligible vessel authorized to carry no more
than 12 passengers for hire if the Secretary of
Transportation, after notice and an opportunity
for public comment, determines that the em-
ployment of the vessel in the coastwise trade
will not adversely affect—
(1) United States vessel builders; or
(2) the coastwise trade business of any per-
son that employs vessels built in the United
States in that business.
(c) REVOCATION.—
(1) FOR FRAUD.—The Secretary shall revoke
a certificate or endorsement issued under sub-
section (b) if the Secretary of Transportation,
after notice and an opportunity for a hearing,
determines that the certificate or endorse-
ment was obtained by fraud.
(2) OTHER PROVISIONS NOT AFFECTED.—Para-
graph (1) does not affect—
(A) the criminal prohibition on fraud and
false statements in section 1001 of title 18; or
(B) any other authority of the Secretary to
revoke a certificate or endorsement issued
under subsection (b).
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1504;
Pub.
L.
116–283,
div.
G,
title
LVXXXIII
[LXXXIII], § 8312, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4697.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
12121 ..........
46:12106 note.
Pub. L. 105–383, title V,
§§ 502–504, Nov. 13, 1998, 112
Stat. 3445; Pub. L. 107–295,
title II, § 207(c)(2), Nov. 25,
2002, 116 Stat. 2097.
The definition of ‘‘Secretary’’ is omitted for consist-
ency in the chapter.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2021—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–283, § 8312(1), added
subpars. (A) to (C) and struck out former subpars. (A)
and (B) which read as follows:
‘‘(A) was not built in the United States and is at least
3 years old; or
‘‘(B) if rebuilt, was rebuilt outside the United States
at least 3 years before the certificate requested under
subsection (b) would take effect.’’
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–283, § 8312(2), inserted ‘‘12132,’’
after ‘‘12113,’’ in introductory provisions.
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 12121, Pub. L. 98–89, Aug. 26, 1983, 97
Stat. 589, originally derived from section 65v(2) of
former Title 46, Shipping, related to the authority of
the Secretary to prescribe regulations to carry out this
chapter, prior to being repealed by Pub. L. 100–710, title
I, §§ 106(b)(5), 107(a), Nov. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 4752, effec-
tive Jan. 1, 1989.
A prior section 12122, Pub. L. 98–89, Aug. 26, 1983, 97
Stat. 590; Pub. L. 99–307, § 1(16), May 19, 1986, 100 Stat.
446; Pub. L. 104–324, title III, § 301(a), (b), Oct. 19, 1996,
110 Stat. 3916; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title II, § 203(f),
Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–620; Pub. L. 106–31, title III,
§ 3027(b), May 21, 1999, 113 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 108–293, title
IV, § 404(b), Aug. 9, 2004, 118 Stat. 1043, originally de-
rived from sections 65n and 65u(a) of former Title 46,
Shipping, related to penalties, prior to the general
amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 109–304. See sec-
tion 12151 of this title.
A prior section 12123, added Pub. L. 102–587, title V,
§ 5213(a)(3), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5077, related to denial
and revocation of endorsements, prior to the general
amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 109–304. See sec-
tion 12152 of this title.
Another prior section 12123, added Pub. L. 102–388,
title III, § 348(a), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1554, related to
the denial and revocation of trade or recreational en-
dorsement upon failure of vessel’s owner to pay assess-
ment of civil penalty for violation of law, prior to re-
peal by Pub. L. 104–324, title VII, § 746(a)(1), Oct. 19, 1996,
110 Stat. 3943.
A prior section 12124, added Pub. L. 105–383, title IV,
§ 401(a)(2), Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3424, related to sur-
render of title and number, prior to the general amend-
ment of this chapter by Pub. L. 109–304. See section
12106 of this title.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECT OF REPEAL
Pub. L. 107–295, title II, § 207(c)(1), Nov. 25, 2002, 116
Stat. 2097, provided that: ‘‘Section 505 of the Coast
Guard Authorization Act of 1998 [Pub. L. 105–383] ([for-
merly] 46 U.S.C. 12106 note) is repealed. The repeal of
section 505 shall have no effect on the validity of any
certificate or endorsement issued under section 502 of
that Act [now 46 U.S.C. 12121(b)].’’
SUBCHAPTER III—MISCELLANEOUS
§ 12131. Command of documented vessels
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub-
section (b), a documented vessel may be placed
under the command only of a citizen of the
United States.
(b) EXCEPTIONS.—Subsection (a) does not apply
to—
(1) a vessel with only a recreational endorse-
ment; or
(2) an unmanned barge operating outside of
the territorial waters of the United States.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1505;
Pub. L. 110–181, div. C, title XXXV, § 3529(a)(3),
Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 603.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
12131 ..........
46:12110(d).
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–181 substituted ‘‘com-
mand’’ for ‘‘commmand’’.
Page 219
TITLE 46—SHIPPING
§ 12136
§ 12132. Loss of coastwise trade privileges
(a) SOLD FOREIGN OR PLACED UNDER FOREIGN
REGISTRY.—A vessel of more than 200 gross tons
(as measured under chapter 143 of this title), eli-
gible to engage in the coastwise trade, and later
sold foreign in whole or in part or placed under
foreign registry may not thereafter engage in
the coastwise trade.
(b) REBUILT OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES.—A
vessel eligible to engage in the coastwise trade
and later rebuilt outside the United States may
not thereafter engage in the coastwise trade.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1505.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
12132(a) ......
46 App.:883 (1st pro-
viso).
June 5, 1920, ch. 250, § 27 (1st
proviso, 2d proviso less
meaning of ‘‘rebuilt’’), 41
Stat. 999; July 2, 1935, ch.
355, 49 Stat. 442; July 14,
1956, ch. 600, § 1, 70 Stat.
544; Pub. L. 86–583, § 1,
July 5, 1960, 74 Stat. 321;
Pub. L. 100–239, § 6(c)(1),
Jan. 11, 1988, 101 Stat.
1782; Pub. L. 104–324, title
XI, § 1120(e), Oct. 19, 1996,
110 Stat. 3978.
12132(b) ......
46 App.:883 (2d pro-
viso less meaning
of ‘‘rebuilt’’).
In subsection (a), the words ‘‘eligible to engage in the
coastwise trade’’ are substituted for ‘‘having at any
time acquired the lawful right to engage in the coast-
wise trade, either by virtue of having been built in, or
documented under the laws of the United States’’, and
the words ‘‘thereafter engage’’ are substituted for
‘‘hereafter acquire the right to engage’’, to eliminate
unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words ‘‘eligible to engage in the
coastwise trade’’ are substituted for ‘‘which has ac-
quired the lawful right to engage in the coastwise
trade, by virtue of having been built in or documented
under the laws of the United States’’, and the words
‘‘thereafter engage’’ are substituted for ‘‘have the right
thereafter to engage’’, to eliminate unnecessary words.
See section 12101 for the meaning of ‘‘rebuilt in the
United States’’.
§ 12133. Duty to carry certificate on vessel and
allow examination
(a) DUTY TO CARRY.—The certificate of docu-
mentation of a vessel shall be carried on the ves-
sel unless the vessel is exempt by regulation
from carrying the certificate.
(b) AVAILABILITY.—The owner or individual in
charge of a vessel required to carry its certifi-
cate of documentation shall make the certifi-
cate available for examination at the request of
an officer enforcing the revenue laws or as oth-
erwise required by law or regulation.
(c) CRIMINAL PENALTY.—A person willfully vio-
lating subsection (b) shall be fined under title
18, imprisoned for not more than one year, or
both.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1505.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
12133 ..........
46:12103(e).
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES—CONTINUED
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
46 App.:277.
R.S. § 4336; Aug. 5, 1935, ch.
438, title III, § 312, 49 Stat.
528; Pub. L. 85–237, § 2,
Aug. 30, 1957, 71 Stat. 518;
Pub. L. 103–182, title VI,
§ 686(a)(5), Dec. 8, 1993, 107
Stat. 2220.
This section consolidates and clarifies the require-
ments contained in the source provisions. The specific
civil penalties are omitted as unnecessary because of
the general civil penalty in section 12151(a) of the re-
vised title. See also 19 U.S.C. 1581.
§ 12134. Evidentiary uses of documentation
A certificate of documentation is—
(1) conclusive evidence of nationality for
international purposes, but not in a pro-
ceeding conducted under the laws of the
United States;
(2) conclusive evidence of qualification to
engage in a specified trade; and
(3) not conclusive evidence of ownership in a
proceeding in which ownership is in issue.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1506.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
12134 ..........
46:12104.
§ 12135. Invalidation of certificates of docu-
mentation
A certificate of documentation or an endorse-
ment on the certificate is invalid if the vessel
for which it is issued—
(1) no longer meets the requirements of this
chapter and regulations prescribed under this
chapter applicable to the certificate or en-
dorsement; or
(2) is placed under the command of an indi-
vidual not a citizen of the United States in
violation of section 12131 of this title.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 5, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1506.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
12135 ..........
46:12111(a).
In paragraph (2), the words ‘‘except for a recreational
endorsement’’ are omitted as unnecessary because a
recreational endorsement does not permit a vessel to
engage in a trade.
§ 12136. Surrender of certificates of documenta-
tion
(a) SURRENDER.—An invalid certificate of doc-
umentation, or a certificate with an invalid en-
dorsement, shall be surrendered as provided by
regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
(b) CONDITIONS FOR SURRENDER.—
(1) VESSELS OVER 1,000 TONS.—The Secretary
may condition approval of the surrender of the
certificate of documentation for a vessel over
1,000 gross tons.
(2) VESSELS
COVERED
BY
MORTGAGE.—The
Secretary may approve the surrender of the
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Customs officers** Any officer of the customs may at any time go on board of any vessel or vehicle at any place in the United States or within the customs waters or, as he may be authorized, within a customs-enforcement area established under the Anti-Smuggling Act [[19 U.S.C. 1701](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section1701&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], or at any other authorized place, without as well as within his district, and examine the manifest and other documents and papers and examine, inspect, and search the vessel or vehicle and every part thereof and any person, trunk, package, or cargo on board, and to this end may hail and stop such vessel or vehicle, and use all necessary force to compel compliance.
**(b) Officers of Department of the Treasury** Officers of the Department of the Treasury and other persons authorized by such department may go on board of any vessel at any place in the United States or within the customs waters and hail, stop, and board such vessel in the enforcement of the navigation laws and arrest or, in case of escape or attempted escape, pursue and arrest any person engaged in the breach or violation of the navigation laws.
**(c) Penalty for presenting forged, altered, or false documents** Any master of a vessel being examined as herein provided, who presents any forged, altered, or false document or paper to the examining officer, knowing the same to be forged, altered, or false and without revealing the fact shall, in addition to any forfeiture to which in consequence the vessel may be subject, be liable to a fine of not more than $5,000 nor less than $500.
**(d) Penalty for failure to stop at command** Any vessel or vehicle which, at any authorized place, is directed to come to a stop
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1581
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 267
TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES
§ 1581
Provisions somewhat similar to those in this section
were contained in R.S. § 2981, as amended by act June
10, 1880, ch. 190, § 10, 21 Stat. 175, and act May 21, 1896,
ch. 217, 29 Stat. 129, which also required notice to be
given the party claiming the lien before delivery of the
goods, and provided that possession by officers of the
customs should not affect the discharge of the lien.
That section was repealed by act Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356,
title IV, § 642, 42 Stat. 989.
AMENDMENTS
1984—Pub. L. 98–573 inserted provision making this
section applicable to licensed customs brokers who oth-
erwise possess a lien for the purposes stated above upon
the merchandise under the statutes or common law, or
by order of any court of competent jurisdiction, of any
State.
1970—Pub. L. 91–271 substituted reference to customs
officer for reference to collector of customs.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1984 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–573 effective on close of
180th day following Oct. 30, 1984, see section 214(d) of
Pub. L. 98–573, set out as a note under section 1304 of
this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1970 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 91–271,
see section 203 of Pub. L. 91–271, set out as a note under
section 1500 of this title.
PLAN AMENDMENTS NOT REQUIRED UNTIL
JANUARY 1, 1989
For provisions directing that if any amendments
made by subtitle A or subtitle C of title XI [§§ 1101–1147
and 1171–1177] or title XVIII [§§ 1801–1899A] of Pub. L.
99–514 require an amendment to any plan, such plan
amendment shall not be required to be made before the
first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see
section 1140 of Pub. L. 99–514, as amended, set out as a
note
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 19 U.S.C. § 1581
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** A documented vessel may not be titled by a State or required to display numbers under chapter 123 of this title, and any certificate of title issued by a State for a documented vessel shall be surrendered as provided by regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
**(b) Vessels Covered by Preferred Mortgage.—** The Secretary may approve the surrender under subsection (a) of a certificate of title for a vessel covered by a preferred mortgage under [section 31322(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section31322/d&num=0&edition=prelim) only if the mortgagee consents.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 46 U.S.C. § 12106
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 207
TITLE 46—SHIPPING
§ 12107
Subsec. (e)(2)(B), (C). Pub. L. 117–81, § 3511, redesig-
nated subpar. (C) as (B) and struck out former subpar.
(B), which read as follows: ‘‘PHASE-IN PERIOD.—During
the period beginning January 1, 2019, and ending De-
cember 31, 2021, the owner or operator of a recreational
vessel may choose a period of effectiveness of between
1 and 5 years for such a certificate of documentation
for such vessel or the renewal thereof.’’
2018—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–282 added subsec. (e).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CERTIFICATES OF DOCUMENTATION FOR RECREATIONAL
VESSELS
Pub. L. 114–120, title III, § 311, Feb. 8, 2016, 130 Stat. 57,
provided that: ‘‘Not later than one year after the date
of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 8, 2016], the Sec-
retary of the department in which the Coast Guard is
operating shall issue regulations that—
‘‘(1) make certificates of documentation for rec-
reational vessels effective for 5 years; and
‘‘(2) require the owner of such a vessel—
‘‘(A) to notify the Coast Guard of each change in
the information on which the issuance of the cer-
tificate of documentation is based, that occurs be-
fore the expiration of the certificate; and
‘‘(B) [to] apply for a new certificate of docu-
mentation for such a vessel if there is any such
change.’’
§ 12106. Surrender of title and number
(a) IN GENERAL.—A documented vessel may
not be titled by a State or required to display
numbers under chapter 123 of this title, and any
certificate of title issued by a State for a docu-
mented vessel shall be surrendered as provided
by regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
(b) VESSELS COVERED
BY PREFERRED MORT-
GAGE.—The Secretary may approve the sur-
render under subsection (a) of a certificate of
title for a ves
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 46 U.S.C. § 12106
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this section:
(1) **Eligible vessel.—** — The term “eligible vessel” means a vessel that—
(A) was built in the United States;
(B) was not built in the United States and is at least 3 years old; or
(C) if rebuilt, was rebuilt—
(i) in the United States; or
(ii) outside the United States at least 3 years before the certificate requested under subsection (b) would take effect.
(2) **Small passenger vessel; uninspected passenger vessel; passenger for hire.—** — The terms “small passenger vessel”, “uninspected passenger vessel”, and “passenger for hire” have the meaning given those terms in [section 2101 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title46-section2101&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Issuance of Certificate and Endorsement.—** Notwithstanding sections 12112, 12113, 12132, 55102, and 55103 of this title, the Secretary may issue a certificate of documentation with an appropriate endorsement for employment in the coastwise trade as a small passenger vessel or an uninspected passenger vessel in the case of an eligible vessel authorized to carry no more than 12 passengers for hire if the Secretary of Transportation, after notice and an opportunity for public comment, determines that the employment of the vessel in the coastwise trade will not adversely affect—
(1) United States vessel builders; or
(2) the coastwise trade business of any person that employs vessels built in the United States in that business.
**(c) Revocation.—**
(1) **For fraud.—** — The Secretary shall revoke a certificate or endorsement issued under subsection (b) if the Secretary of Transportation, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, determines that the certificate or endorsement was obtained by fraud.
(2)
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 46 U.S.C. § 12121
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 217
TITLE 46—SHIPPING
§ 12121
In subsection (b), in paragraph (1), the words ‘‘satis-
fies the requirements for a coastwise endorsement, ex-
cept for the ownership requirement otherwise applica-
ble without regard to this section’’ are substituted for
‘‘otherwise eligible for documentation under this sec-
tion’’ in 46 U.S.C. 12106(e)(1)(E) for clarity. Subpara-
graph (A) of 46 U.S.C. 12106(e)(1) is omitted as redun-
dant to the general requirements in revised section
12112 on coastwise endorsements.
In subsection (c)(3), the words ‘‘documented with a
coastwise endorsement’’ are substituted for ‘‘docu-
mented under this section’’ because former section
12106 is being divided into multiple sections.
Subsection (e) is substituted for ‘‘(3) Upon termi-
nation by a demise charterer required under paragraph
(1)(C), the coastwise endorsement of the vessel may, in
the sole discretion of the Secretary, be continued after
the termination for default of the demise charter for a
period not to exceed 6 months on such terms and condi-
tions as the Secretary may prescribe’’ for clarity and
to eliminate unnecessary words.
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 12119, Pub. L. 98–89, Aug. 26, 1983, 97
Stat. 589; Pub. L. 100–710, title I, § 104(a)(4), Nov. 23, 1988,
102 Stat. 4750, originally derived from sections 65s and
881 of former Title 46, Shipping, related to list of docu-
mented vessels, prior to the general amendment of this
chapter by Pub. L. 109–304. See section 12138 of this
title.
AMENDMENTS
2018—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 115–232 substituted ‘‘sec-
tion 2101(26)’’ for ‘‘section 2101(20)’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
APPLICATION TO CERTAIN CERTIFICATES
Pub. L. 108–293, title VI, § 608(c), Aug. 9, 2004, 118 Stat.
1057, provided
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 46 U.S.C. § 12121
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** Except as provided in subsection (b), a documented vessel may be placed under the command only of a citizen or noncitizen national (as such term is described in section 308 of the Immigration and Nationality Act ([8 U.S.C. 1408](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title8-section1408&num=0&edition=prelim))) of the United States.
**(b) Exceptions.—** Subsection (a) does not apply to—
(1) a vessel with only a recreational endorsement; or
(2) an unmanned barge operating outside of the territorial waters of the United States.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 46 U.S.C. § 12131
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.