22 U.S.C. § 9401 — Definitions

Page 2226 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 9308 1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘Agricultural’’. 2 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘1431(b)).’’ Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(5), (7), redesig- nated par. (5) as (7) and substituted ‘‘food’’ for ‘‘agri- culture’’. Former par. (7) redesignated (9). Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(5), (8), redesig- nated par. (6) as (8) and inserted ‘‘quantitative and qualitative’’ after ‘‘how’’ and ‘‘at the initiative, coun- try, and zone of influence levels, including longitudinal data and key uncertainties’’ before semicolon at end. Former par. (8) redesignated (10). Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(5), (9), redesig- nated par. (7) as (9) and inserted ‘‘within target coun- tries, amounts and justification for any spending out- side of target countries’’ after ‘‘amounts spent’’. Former par. (9) redesignated (11). Subsec. (a)(10) to (12). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(5), re- designated pars. (8), (9), and (10) as (10), (11), and (12), respectively. Former pars. (10), (11), and (12) redesig- nated (12), (13), and (15), respectively. Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(5), (10), redes- ignated par. (11) as (13) and substituted ‘‘and efforts to encourage financial donor burden sharing and the im- pact of such investment and efforts’’ for ‘‘and the im- pact of private sector investment’’. Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(11), added par. (14). Former par. (14) redesignated (17). Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(4), redesig- nated par. (12) as (15). Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(4), (12), redes- ignated par. (13) as (16) and struck out ‘‘and’’ at end. Subsec. (a)(17). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(4), (13), redes- ignated par. (14) as (17) and inserted ‘‘, including key challenges or missteps,’’ after ‘‘lessons learned’’ and substituted ‘‘; and’’ for period at end. Subsec. (a)(18). Pub. L. 117–263, § 5588(h)(14), added par. (18). 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–266 substituted, in intro- ductory provisions, ‘‘During each of the first 7 years’’ for ‘‘Not later than 1 year and 2 years’’ and ‘‘at the end of the reporting period’’ for ‘‘for 2017 and 2018’’. Executive Documents DELEGATION OF FUNCTIONS Functions of President under subsec. (a) of this sec- tion delegated to the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development by Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 30, 2016, 81 F.R. 76483, set out as a note under section 9304 of this title. § 9308. Rule of construction (a) Effect on other programs Nothing in the Global Food Security Strategy or this chapter or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to supersede or otherwise affect the authority of the relevant Federal de- partments and agencies to carry out programs specified in subsection (b), in the manner pro- vided, and subject to the terms and conditions, of those programs, including, but not limited to, the terms, conditions, and requirements relating to the procurement and transportation of food assistance furnished pursuant to such programs. (b) Programs described The programs referred to in subsection (a) are the following: (1) The Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.). (2) The Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o). (3) Section 416(b) of the Agriculture 1 Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1431).2 (4) McGovern-Dole Food for Education Pro- gram (7 U.S.C. 1736o–1). (5) Local and Regional Procurement Pro- gram (7 U.S.C. 1726c). (6) Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act (7 U.S.C. 1736f–1). (7) Any other food and nutrition security and emergency and non-emergency food assist- ance program of the Department of Agri- culture. (Pub. L. 114–195, § 9, July 20, 2016, 130 Stat. 684.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The amendments made by this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), are the amendments made by Pub. L. 114–195, section 7(c) of which amended sections 2292 and 2292a of this title. The Food for Peace Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classi- fied generally to chapter 41 (§ 1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Ag- riculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables. The Food for Progress Act of 1985, referred to in sub- sec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 99–198, title XI, § 1110, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1472, which is classified to section 1736o of Title 7, Agriculture. The Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), is title III of Pub. L. 96–494, as added by Pub. L. 104–127, title II, § 225(a), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 959, which is classified to section 1736f–1 of Title 7, Ag- riculture. CHAPTER 101—COUNTERING IRAN’S DESTABILIZING ACTIVITIES Sec. 9401. Definitions. 9402. Regional strategy for countering conven- tional and asymmetric Iranian threats in the Middle East and North Africa. 9403. Imposition of additional sanctions in re- sponse to Iran’s ballistic missile program. 9404. Imposition of terrorism-related sanctions with respect to the IRGC. 9405. Imposition of additional sanctions with re- spect to persons responsible for human rights abuses. 9406. Enforcement of arms embargos. 9407. Review of applicability of sanctions relating to Iran’s support for terrorism and its bal- listic missile program. 9408. Report on coordination of sanctions between the United States and the European Union. 9409. Report on United States citizens detained by Iran. 9410. Exceptions for national security and humani- tarian assistance; rule of construction. 9411. Presidential waiver authority. 9412. Report and annual briefing on Iranian ex- penditures supporting foreign military and terrorist activities. § 9401. Definitions In this chapter: (1) Act of international terrorism The term ‘‘act of international terrorism’’ has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note). (2) Appropriate congressional committees The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com- mittees’’ has the meaning given that term in Page 2227 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 9402 section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note). (3) Foreign person The term ‘‘foreign person’’ means a person that is not a United States person. (4) Iranian person The term ‘‘Iranian person’’ means— (A) an individual who is a citizen or na- tional of Iran; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of Iran or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the Government of Iran. (5) IRGC The term ‘‘IRGC’’ means Iran’s Islamic Rev- olutionary Guard Corps. (6) Knowingly The term ‘‘knowingly’’ has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanc- tions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note). (7) United States person The term ‘‘United States person’’ means— (A) a United States citizen or an alien law- fully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity. (Pub. L. 115–44, title I, § 102, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 888.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 115–44, § 1(a), Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 886, pro- vided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter, chapter 102 of this title, sections 8909, 8910, 9221a, 9225, 9241a, and 9241b of this title, and section 1232c of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters, amending sections 2708, 8901, 8907, 8908, 8923, 8924, 9202, 9214, 9223, 9228, and 9241 of this title, section 5326 of Title 31, Money and Fi- nance, sections 1223 and 1232 of Title 33, and section 3021 of Title 50, War and National Defense, repealing section 9225 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 9201, 9202, 9214, 9241, and 9501 of this title, and section 3021 of Title 50] may be cited as the ‘Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act’.’’ Pub. L. 115–44, title I, § 101, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 888, provided that: ‘‘This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Countering Iran’s Destabilizing Activi- ties Act of 2017’.’’ § 9402. Regional strategy for countering conven- tional and asymmetric Iranian threats in the Middle East and North Africa (a) In general Not later than 180 days after August 2, 2017, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Director of National Intel- ligence shall jointly develop and submit to the appropriate congressional committees and lead- ership a strategy for deterring conventional and asymmetric Iranian activities and threats that directly threaten the United States and key al- lies in the Middle East, North Africa, and be- yond. (b) Elements The strategy required by subsection (a) shall include at a minimum the following: (1) A summary of the near- and long-term United States objectives, plans, and means for countering Iran’s destabilizing activities, in- cluding identification of countries that share the objective of countering Iran’s destabilizing activities. (2) A summary of the capabilities and con- tributions of individual countries to shared ef- forts to counter Iran’s destabilizing activities, and a summary of additional actions or con- tributions that each country could take to fur- ther contribute. (3) An assessment of Iran’s conventional force capabilities and an assessment of Iran’s plans to upgrade its conventional force capa- bilities, including its acquisition, develop- ment, and deployment of ballistic and cruise missile capabilities, unmanned aerial vehicles, and maritime offensive and anti-access or area denial capabilities. (4) An assessment of Iran’s chemical and bio- logical weapons capabilities and an assess- ment of Iranian plans to upgrade its chemical or biological weapons capabilities. (5) An assessment of Iran’s asymmetric ac- tivities in the region, including— (A) the size, capabilities, and activities of the IRGC, including the Quds Force; (B) the size, capabilities, and activities of Iran’s cyber operations; (C) the types and amount of support, in- cluding funding, lethal and nonlethal con- tributions, and training, provided to Hezbollah, Hamas, special groups in Iraq, the regime of Bashar al-Assad in Syria, Houthi fighters in Yemen, and other violent groups across the Middle East; and (D) the scope and objectives of Iran’s infor- mation operations and use of propaganda. (6) A summary of United States actions, uni- laterally and in cooperation with foreign gov- ernments, to counter destabilizing Iranian ac- tivities, including— (A) interdiction of Iranian lethal arms bound for groups designated as foreign ter- rorist organizations under section 1189 of title 8; (B) Iran’s interference in international commercial shipping lanes; (C) attempts by Iran to undermine or sub- vert internationally recognized governments in the Middle East region; and (D) Iran’s support for the regime of Bashar al-Assad in Syria, including— (i) financial assistance, military equip- ment and personnel, and other support provided to that regime; and (ii) support and direction to other armed actors that are not Syrian or Iranian and are acting on behalf of that regime. (c) Form of strategy The strategy required by subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in- clude a classified annex. (d) Appropriate congressional committees and leadership defined In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres- sional committees and leadership’’ means—