10 U.S.C. § 2036 — Grants to support science, technology, en-

Page 1660 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 2034 Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 2033, added Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 547(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 608; amended Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 577(d)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–140, provided that certain excess amounts appropriated for the National Guard Chal- lenge Program were to be made available for the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps program, prior to re- peal by Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, § 596(c)(1), (3), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1127, effective Oct. 1, 2002. § 2034. Educational institutions not maintaining units of Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps: issuance of arms, tentage, and equip- ment The Secretary of a military department may issue arms, tentage, and equipment to an edu- cational institution at which no unit of the Jun- ior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps is main- tained if the educational institution— (1) offers a course in military training pre- scribed by that Secretary; and (2) has a student body of at least 50 students who are in a grade above the eighth grade. (Added Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title V, § 552(a), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1741.) § 2035. Flexibility in authorities for management of programs and units (a) AUTHORITY TO CONVERT OTHERWISE CLOSING UNITS TO NATIONAL DEFENSE CADET CORPS PRO- GRAM UNITS.—If the Secretary of a military de- partment is notified by a local educational agen- cy of the intent of the agency to close its Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps, the Secretary shall offer the agency the option of converting the unit to a National Defense Cadet Corps (NDCC) program unit in lieu of closing the unit. (b) FLEXIBILITY IN ADMINISTRATION OF INSTRUC- TORS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretaries of the mili- tary departments may, without regard to any other provision of this chapter, undertake ini- tiatives designed to promote flexibility in the hiring and compensation of instructors for the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps pro- gram under the jurisdiction of such Secre- taries. (2) ELEMENTS.—The initiatives undertaken pursuant to this subsection may provide for one or more of the following: (A) Termination of the requirement for a waiver as a condition of the hiring of well- qualified non-commissioned officers with a bachelor’s degree for senior instructor posi- tions within the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. (B) Specification of a single instructor as the minimum number of instructors re- quired to found and operate a Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps unit. (C) Authority for Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps instructors to undertake school duties, in addition to Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps duties, at small schools. (D) Authority for the payment of instruc- tor compensation for a limited number of Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps in- structors on a 10-month per year basis rath- er than a 12-month per year basis. (E) Such other actions as the Secretaries of the military departments consider appro- priate. (c) FLEXIBILITY IN ALLOCATION AND USE OF TRAVEL FUNDING.—The Secretaries of the mili- tary departments shall take appropriate actions to provide so-called regional directors of the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps pro- grams located at remote rural schools enhanced discretion in the allocation and use of funds for travel in connection with Junior Reserve Offi- cers’ Training Corps activities. (d) STANDARDIZATION OF PROGRAM DATA.—The Secretary of Defense shall take appropriate ac- tions to standardize the data collected and maintained on the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps programs in order to facilitate and enhance the collection and analysis of such data. Such actions shall include a requirement for the use of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) identification code for each school with a unit under a Junior Reserve Offi- cers’ Training Corps program in order to facili- tate identification of such schools and their units under the Junior Reserve Officers’ Train- ing Corps programs. (Added Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title V, § 557(a)(1), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1773.) § 2036. Grants to support science, technology, en- gineering, and mathematics education (a) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary, in consulta- tion with the Secretary of Education, may carry out a program to make grants to eligible enti- ties to assist such entities in providing edu- cation in covered subjects to students in the Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. (b) COORDINATION.—In carrying out a program under subsection (a), the Secretary may coordi- nate with the following: (1) The Director of the National Science Foundation. (2) The Administrator of the National Aero- nautics and Space Administration. (3) The heads of such other Federal, State, and local government entities the Secretary of Defense determines to be appropriate. (c) ACTIVITIES.—Activities funded with grants under this section may include the following: (1) Training and other support for instruc- tors to teach courses in covered subjects to students. (2) The acquisition of materials, hardware, and software necessary for the instruction of covered subjects. (3) Activities that improve the quality of educational materials, training opportunities, and curricula available to students and in- structors in covered subjects. (4) Development of travel opportunities, demonstrations, mentoring programs, and in- formal education in covered subjects for stu- dents and instructors. (5) Students’ pursuit of certifications in cov- ered subjects. (d) PREFERENCE.—In making any grants under this section, the Secretary shall give preference Page 1661 TITLE 10—ARMED FORCES § 2101 to eligible entities that are eligible for assist- ance under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.). (e) EVALUATIONS.—In carrying out a program under this section, the Secretary shall establish outcome-based metrics and internal and exter- nal assessments to evaluate the merits and ben- efits of the activities funded with grants under this section with respect to the needs of the De- partment of Defense. (f) AUTHORITIES.—In carrying out a program under this section, the Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, make use of the authorities under chapter 111 and sections 2601 and 2605 of this title, and other authorities the Secretary determines appropriate. (g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: (1) The term ‘‘eligible entity’’ means a local education agency that hosts a unit of the Jun- ior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. (2) The term ‘‘covered subjects’’ means— (A) science; (B) technology; (C) engineering; (D) mathematics; (E) computer science; (F) computational thinking; (G) artificial intelligence; (H) machine learning; (I) data science; (J) quantum information sciences; (K) cybersecurity; (L) robotics; (M) health sciences; and (N) other subjects determined by the Sec- retary of Defense to be related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. (Added Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 513(a)(1), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3587; amended Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title V, § 511, Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1682.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27. Part A of title I of the Act is classified generally to part A (§ 6311 et seq.) of subchapter I of chapter 70 of Title 20, Education. For complete classi- fication of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of Title 20 and Tables. AMENDMENTS 2021—Subsec. (g)(2)(J) to (N). Pub. L. 117–81 added sub- par. (J) and redesignated former subpars. (J) to (M) as (K) to (N), respectively. CHAPTER 103—SENIOR RESERVE OFFICERS’ TRAINING CORPS Sec. 2101. Definitions. 2102. Establishment. 2103. Eligibility for membership. 2103a. Students not eligible for advanced training: commitment to military service. 2104. Advanced training; eligibility for. 2105. Advanced training; failure to complete or to accept commission. 2106. Advanced training; commission on comple- tion. Sec. 2107. Financial assistance program for specially se- lected members. 2107a. Financial assistance program for specially se- lected members: Army Reserve and Army National Guard. 2108. Advanced standing; interruption of training; delay in starting obligated service; release from program. 2109. Practical military training. 2110. Logistical support. 2111. Personnel: administrators and instructors. 2111a. Support for senior military colleges. 2111b. Senior military colleges: Department of De- fense international student program. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2003—Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title V, § 523(b)(2), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1464, added item 2103a. 1999—Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 541(a)(2), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 606, added item 2111b. 1997—Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 544(f)(2), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1746, substituted ‘‘Support for’’ for ‘‘De- tail of officers to’’ in item 2111a. 1996—Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title V, § 545(b), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 318, added item 2111a. 1991—Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title V, § 522(b)(2), Dec. 5, 1991, 105 Stat. 1362, substituted ‘‘Army Reserve and Army National Guard’’ for ‘‘military junior colleges’’ in item 2107a. 1988—Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title VI, § 633(a)(3)(B), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1986, substituted ‘‘Practical military training’’ for ‘‘Field training; practice cruises’’ in item 2109. 1980—Pub. L. 96–357, § 1(c)(2), Sept. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 1180, added item 2107a. 1964—Pub. L. 88–647, title II, § 201(1), Oct. 13, 1964, 78 Stat. 1064, added chapter heading and items 2101 to 2111. § 2101. Definitions In this chapter: (1) The term ‘‘program’’ means the Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps of an armed force. (2) The term ‘‘member of the program’’ means a student who is enrolled in the Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps of an armed force. (3) The term ‘‘advanced training’’ means the training and instruction offered in the Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps to students enrolled in an advanced education program be- yond the baccalaureate degree level or to stu- dents in the third and fourth years of a four- year Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps course, or the equivalent period of training in an approved two-year Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps course (except that, in the case of a student enrolled in an academic program which has been approved by the Secretary of the military department concerned and which requires more than four academic years for completion of baccalaureate degree require- ments, including elective requirements of the Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps course, such term includes a fifth academic year or a combination of a part of a fifth aca- demic year and summer sessions). (Added Pub. L. 88–647, title II, § 201(1), Oct. 13, 1964, 78 Stat. 1064; amended Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1003(a)(1), title XII, § 1268(11), Sept. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 656, 706; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title XII,