22 U.S.C. § 4704 — Guidelines

Page 1604 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 4703 1 See References in Text note below. (5) it is essential that the United States citi- zenry develop its knowledge and under- standing of the developing countries and their languages, cultures, and socioeconomic com- position as these areas assume an ever larger role in the world community; (6) an undergraduate scholarship program for students of limited financial means from developing countries to study in the United States would complement current assistance efforts in the areas of advanced education and training of people of developing countries in such disciplines as are required for planning and implementation of public and private de- velopment activities; (7) the National Bipartisan Commission on Central America has recommended a program of 10,000 United States Government-sponsored scholarships to bring Central American stu- dents to the United States, which program would involve careful targeting to encourage participation by young people from all social and economic classes, would maintain existing admission standards by providing intensive English and other training, and would encour- age graduates to return to their home coun- tries after completing their education; and (8) it is also in the interest of the United States, as well as peaceful cooperation in the Western Hemisphere, that particular attention be given to the students of the Caribbean re- gion. (Pub. L. 99–93, title VI, § 602, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 439; Pub. L. 103–199, title III, § 305, Dec. 17, 1993, 107 Stat. 2324.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1993—Pars. (6) to (10). Pub. L. 103–199 redesignated pars. (8) to (10) as (6) to (8), respectively, and struck out former pars. (6) and (7) which read as follows: ‘‘(6) the number of United States Government-spon- sored scholarships for students in developing countries has been exceeded as much as twelve times in a given year by the number of scholarships offered by Soviet- bloc governments to students in developing countries, and this disparity entails the serious long-run cost of having so many of the potential future leaders of the developing world educated in Soviet-bloc countries; ‘‘(7) from 1972 through 1982 the Soviet Union and Eastern European governments collectively increased their education exchange programs to Latin America and the Caribbean by 205 percent while those of the United States declined by 52 percent;’’. § 4703. Scholarship program authority (a) In general The President, acting through the United States Information Agency, shall provide schol- arships (including partial assistance) for under- graduate study at United States institutions of higher education by citizens and nationals of de- veloping countries who have completed their secondary education and who would not other- wise have an opportunity to study in the United States due to financial limitations. (b) Form of scholarship; forgiveness of loan re- payment To encourage students to use their training in their countries of origin, each scholarship pur- suant to this section shall be in the form of a loan with all repayment to be forgiven upon the student’s prompt return to his or her country of origin for a period which is at least one year longer than the period spent studying in the United States. If the student is granted asylum in the United States pursuant to section 1158 of title 8 or is admitted to the United States as a refugee pursuant to section 1157 of title 8, half of the repayment shall be forgiven. (c) Consultation Before allocating any of the funds made avail- able to carry out this chapter, the President shall consult with United States institutions of higher education, educational exchange organi- zations, United States missions in developing countries, and the governments of participating countries on how to implement the guidelines specified in section 4704 of this title. (d) ‘‘Institution of higher education’’ defined For purposes of this chapter, the term ‘‘insti- tution of higher education’’ has the same mean- ing as given to such term by section 1001 of title 20. (Pub. L. 99–93, title VI, § 603, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 440; Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 102(a)(7)(D), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1619.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1998—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–244 substituted ‘‘section 1001’’ for ‘‘section 1141(a)’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see sec- tion 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of Title 20, Education. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS United States Information Agency (other than Broad- casting Board of Governors and International Broad- casting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title. § 4704. Guidelines The scholarship program under this chapter shall be carried out in accordance with the fol- lowing guidelines: (1) Consistent with section 2460(b) 1 of this title, all programs created pursuant to this chapter shall be nonpolitical and balanced, and shall be administered in keeping with the highest standards of academic integrity. (2) United States missions shall design ways to identify promising students who are in sec- ondary educational institutions, or who have completed their secondary education, for study in the United States. In carrying out this paragraph, the United States mission in a country shall consult with Peace Corps volun- teers and staff assigned to that country and with private and voluntary organizations with a proven record of providing development as- sistance to developing countries. Page 1605 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 4706 (3) United States missions shall develop and strictly implement specific economic need cri- teria. Scholarships under this chapter may only be provided to students who meet the economic need criteria. (4) The program shall utilize educational in- stitutions in the United States and in devel- oping countries to help participants in the programs acquire necessary skills in English and other appropriate education training. (5) Each participant from a developing coun- try shall be selected on the basis of academic and leadership potential and the economic, po- litical, and social development needs of such country. Such needs shall be determined by each United States mission in consultation with the government of the respective coun- try. Scholarship opportunities shall emphasize fields that are critical to the development of the participant’s country, including agri- culture, civil engineering, communications, social science, education, public and business administration, health, nutrition, environ- mental studies, population and family plan- ning, and energy. (6) The program shall be flexible in order to take advantage of different training and edu- cational opportunities offered by universities, postsecondary vocational training schools, and community colleges in the United States. (7) The program shall be flexible with re- spect to the number of years of undergraduate education financed but in no case shall stu- dents be brought to the United States for a pe- riod less than one year. (8) Adequate allowance shall be made in the scholarship for the purchase of books and re- lated educational material relevant to the pro- gram of study. (9) Further allowance shall be made to pro- vide adequate opportunities for professional, academic, and cultural enrichment for schol- arship recipients. (10) The program shall, to the maximum ex- tent practicable, offer equal opportunities for both male and female students to study in the United States. (11) The United States Information Agency shall recommend to each student, who re- ceives a scholarship under this chapter for study at a college or university, that the stu- dent enroll in a course on the classics of American political thought or which other- wise emphasizes the ideas, principles, and doc- uments upon which the United States was founded. (Pub. L. 99–93, title VI, § 604, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 440.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 2460(b) of this title, referred to in par. (1), was redesignated section 2460(c) of this title by Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 204(a)(2)(A), Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 50. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS United States Information Agency (other than Broad- casting Board of Governors and International Broad- casting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title. § 4705. Authority to enter into agreements The President may enter into agreements with foreign governments in furtherance of the pur- poses of this chapter. Such agreements may pro- vide for the creation or continuation of bina- tional or multinational educational and cultural foundations and commissions for the purposes of administering programs under this chapter. (Pub. L. 99–93, title VI, § 605, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 441.) § 4706. Policy regarding other international edu- cational programs (a) AID-funded programs The Congress urges the administrator of the agency primarily responsible for administering part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.], in implementing programs authorized under that part, to increase assist- ance for undergraduate scholarships for students of limited financial means from developing countries to study in the United States at United States institutions of higher education. To the maximum extent practicable, such schol- arship assistance shall be furnished in accord- ance with the guidelines contained in section 4704 of this title. (b) USIA-funded postgraduate study in the United States The Congress urges the Director of the United States Information Agency to expand opportuni- ties for students of limited financial means from developing countries to receive financial assist- ance for postgraduate study at United States in- stitutions of higher education. (c) Study by Americans in developing countries The Congress urges the President to take such steps as are necessary to expand the opportuni- ties for Americans from all economic classes to study in developing countries. (Pub. L. 99–93, title VI, § 606, Aug. 16, 1985, 99 Stat. 442.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in sub- sec. (a), is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424. Part I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 2151 et seq.) of chapter 32 of this title. For provisions deem- ing references to subchapter I to include parts IV (§ 2346 et seq.), VI (§ 2348 et seq.), and VIII (§ 2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 32, see section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title. For com- plete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS United States Information Agency (other than Broad- casting Board of Governors and International Broad- casting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title.