7 U.S.C. § 2014 — Eligible households

Page 1247 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 ‘‘(6) FUNDING.— ‘‘(A) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection $5,000,000, to remain avail- able until expended. ‘‘(B) APPROPRIATIONS IN ADVANCE.—Only funds ap- propriated under subparagraph (A) in advance specifi- cally to carry out this subsection shall be available to carry out this subsection.’’ FEASIBILITY STUDY, REPORT, AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECT FOR INDIAN TRIBES Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, § 4004(b), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 785, provided that: ‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: ‘‘(A) INDIAN; INDIAN TRIBE.—The terms ‘Indian’ and ‘Indian tribe’ have the meaning given the terms in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu- cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b) [now 25 U.S.C. 5304]. ‘‘(B) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘tribal orga- nization’ has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education As- sistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b) [now 25 U.S.C. 5304]. ‘‘(2) STUDY.—The Secretary [of Agriculture] shall conduct a study to determine the feasibility of tribal administration of Federal food assistance programs, services, functions, and activities (or portions thereof), in lieu of State agencies or other administrating enti- ties. ‘‘(3) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act [Feb. 7, 2014], the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agri- culture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that— ‘‘(A) contains a list of programs, services, func- tions, and activities with respect to which it would be feasible to be administered by a tribal organization; ‘‘(B) a description of whether that administration would necessitate a statutory or regulatory change; and ‘‘(C) such other issues that may be determined by the Secretary and developed through consultation pursuant to paragraph (4). ‘‘(4) CONSULTATION WITH INDIAN TRIBES.—In developing the report required by paragraph (3), the Secretary shall consult with tribal organizations. ‘‘(5) FUNDING.—Out of any funds made available under section 18 [probably means section 18 of Pub. L. 88–525, 7 U.S.C. 2027] for fiscal year 2014, the Secretary shall make available to carry out the study and report de- scribed in paragraphs (2) and (3) $1,000,000, to remain available until expended. ‘‘(6) TRADITIONAL AND LOCAL FOODS DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.— ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the availability of ap- propriations, the Secretary shall pilot a demonstra- tion project by awarding a grant to 1 or more tribal organizations authorized to administer the food dis- tribution program on Indian reservations under sec- tion 4(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2013(b)) for the purpose of purchasing nutri- tious and traditional foods, and when practicable, foods produced locally by Indian producers, for dis- tribution to recipients of foods distributed under that program. ‘‘(B) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary may award a grant on a noncompetitive basis to 1 or more tribal organizations that have the administrative and finan- cial capability to conduct a demonstration project, as determined by the Secretary. ‘‘(C) CONSULTATION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, AND TRAINING.—During the implementation phase of the demonstration project, the Secretary shall consult with Indian tribes and provide outreach to Indian farmers, ranchers, and producers regarding the train- ing and capacity to participate in the demonstration project. ‘‘(D) FUNDING.— ‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this sec- tion $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018. ‘‘(ii) RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER AUTHORITIES.—The funds and authorities provided under this subpara- graph are in addition to any other funds or authori- ties the Secretary may have to carry out activities described in this paragraph.’’ § 2014. Eligible households (a) Income and other financial resources as sub- stantial limiting factors in obtaining more nutritious diet; recipients under Social Secu- rity Act Participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program shall be limited to those households whose incomes and other financial resources, held singly or in joint ownership, are determined to be a substantial limiting factor in permitting them to obtain a more nutritious diet. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter except subsections (b), (d)(2), (g), and (r) of section 2015 of this title and section 2012(m)(4) of this title, households in which each member receives benefits under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Se- curity Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), supplemental security income benefits under title XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.], or aid to the aged, blind, or disabled under title I, X, XIV, or XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 301 et seq., 1201 et seq., 1351 et seq., or 1381 et seq.], shall be eligible to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Ex- cept for sections 2015, 2025(e)(1), and section 2012(m)(4) of this title, households in which each member receives benefits under a State or local general assistance program that complies with standards established by the Secretary for en- suring that the program is based on income cri- teria comparable to or more restrictive than those under subsection (c)(2), and not limited to one-time emergency payments that cannot be provided for more than one consecutive month, shall be eligible to participate in the supple- mental nutrition assistance program. Assistance under this program shall be furnished to all eli- gible households who make application for such participation. (b) Eligibility standards Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the Secretary shall establish uniform national standards of eligibility (other than the income standards for Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States established in accordance with subsections (c) and (e) of this section) for participation by households in the supplemental nutrition assistance program in accordance with the provisions of this section. No plan of operation submitted by a State agen- cy shall be approved unless the standards of eli- gibility meet those established by the Sec- retary, and no State agency shall impose any other standards of eligibility as a condition for participating in the program. (c) Gross income standard The income standards of eligibility shall be adjusted each October 1 and shall provide that a household shall be ineligible to participate in Page 1248 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 the supplemental nutrition assistance program if— (1) the household’s income (after the exclu- sions and deductions provided for in sub- sections (d) and (e)) exceeds the poverty line, as defined in section 673(2) of the Community Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9902(2)), for the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Columbia, Alaska, Hawaii, the Vir- gin Islands of the United States, and Guam, respectively; and (2) in the case of a household that does not include an elderly or disabled member, the household’s income (after the exclusions pro- vided for in subsection (d) but before the de- ductions provided for in subsection (e)) ex- ceeds such poverty line by more than 30 per centum. In no event shall the standards of eligibility for the Virgin Islands of the United States or Guam exceed those in the forty-eight contiguous States. (d) Exclusions from income Household income for purposes of the supple- mental nutrition assistance program shall in- clude all income from whatever source exclud- ing only— (1) any gain or benefit which is not in the form of money payable directly to a household (notwithstanding its conversion in whole or in part to direct payments to households pursu- ant to any demonstration project carried out or authorized under Federal law including demonstration projects created by the waiver of provisions of Federal law); (2) any income in the certification period which is received too infrequently or irregu- larly to be reasonably anticipated, but not in excess of $30 in a quarter, subject to modifica- tion by the Secretary in light of subsection (f); (3) all educational loans on which payment is deferred, grants, scholarships, fellowships, veterans’ educational benefits, and the like— (A) awarded to a household member en- rolled at a recognized institution of post-sec- ondary education, at a school for the handi- capped, in a vocational education program, or in a program that provides for completion of a secondary school diploma or obtaining the equivalent thereof; (B) to the extent that they do not exceed the amount used for or made available as an allowance determined by such school, insti- tution, program, or other grantor, for tui- tion and mandatory fees (including the rent- al or purchase of any equipment, materials, and supplies related to the pursuit of the course of study involved), books, supplies, transportation, and other miscellaneous per- sonal expenses (other than living expenses), of the student incidental to attending such school, institution, or program; and (C) to the extent loans include any origi- nation fees and insurance premiums; (4) all loans other than educational loans on which repayment is deferred; (5) reimbursements which do not exceed ex- penses actually incurred and which do not rep- resent a gain or benefit to the household and any allowance a State agency provides no more frequently than annually to families with children on the occasion of those chil- dren’s entering or returning to school or child care for the purpose of obtaining school clothes (except that no such allowance shall be excluded if the State agency reduces monthly assistance under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) in the month for which the allowance is provided): Provided, That no portion of benefits provided under title IV–A of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.], to the extent it is attrib- utable to an adjustment for work-related or child care expenses (except for payments or re- imbursements for such expenses made under an employment, education, or training pro- gram initiated under such title after Sep- tember 19, 1988), and no portion of any edu- cational loan on which payment is deferred, grant, scholarship, fellowship, veterans’ bene- fits, and the like that are provided for living expenses, shall be considered such reimburse- ment; (6) moneys received and used for the care and maintenance of a third-party beneficiary who is not a household member, and child sup- port payments made by a household member to or for an individual who is not a member of the household if the household member is le- gally obligated to make the payments; (7) income earned by a child who is a mem- ber of the household, who is an elementary or secondary school student, and who is 17 years of age or younger; (8) moneys received in the form of non- recurring lump-sum payments, including, but not limited to, income tax refunds, rebates, or credits, cash donations based on need that are received from one or more private nonprofit charitable organizations, but not in excess of $300 in the aggregate in a quarter, retroactive lump-sum social security or railroad retire- ment pension payments and retroactive lump- sum insurance settlements: Provided, That such payments shall be counted as resources, unless specifically excluded by other laws; (9) the cost of producing self-employed in- come, but household income that otherwise is included under this subsection shall be re- duced by the extent that the cost of producing self-employment income exceeds the income derived from self-employment as a farmer; (10) any income that any other Federal law specifically excludes from consideration as in- come for purposes of determining eligibility for the supplemental nutrition assistance pro- gram except as otherwise provided in sub- section (k) of this section; (11)(A) any payments or allowances made for the purpose of providing energy assistance under any Federal law (other than part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)); or (B) a 1-time payment or allowance made under a Federal or State law for the costs of weatherization or emergency repair or re- placement of an unsafe or inoperative furnace or other heating or cooling device; (12) through September 30 of any fiscal year, any increase in income attributable to a cost- Page 1249 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 1 See References in Text note below. of-living adjustment made on or after July 1 of such fiscal year under title II or XVI of the So- cial Security Act [42 U.S.C. 401 et seq., 1381 et seq.], section 3(a)(1) of the Railroad Retire- ment Act of 1974 (45 U.S.C. 231b(a)(1)), or sec- tion 5312 of title 38, if the household was cer- tified as eligible to participate in the supple- mental nutrition assistance program or re- ceived an allotment in the month immediately preceding the first month in which the adjust- ment was effective; (13) any payment made to the household under section 3507 1 of title 26 (relating to ad- vance payment of earned income credit); (14) any payment made to the household under section 2015(d)(4)(I) of this title or a pilot project under section 2025(h)(1)(F) of this title for work related expenses or for depend- ent care; (15) any amounts necessary for the fulfill- ment of a plan for achieving self-support of a household member as provided under subpara- graph (A)(iii) or (B)(iv) of section 1612(b)(4) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1382a(b)(4)); (16) at the option of the State agency, any educational loans on which payment is de- ferred, grants, scholarships, fellowships, vet- erans’ educational benefits, and the like (other than loans, grants, scholarships, fellowships, veterans’ educational benefits, and the like ex- cluded under paragraph (3)), to the extent that they are required to be excluded under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.); (17) at the option of the State agency, any State complementary assistance program pay- ments that are excluded for the purpose of de- termining eligibility for medical assistance under section 1931 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396u–1); (18) at the option of the State agency, any types of income that the State agency does not consider when determining eligibility for (A) cash assistance under a program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) or the amount of such assistance, or (B) medical assistance under section 1931 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396u–1), except that this paragraph does not authorize a State agency to exclude wages or salaries, benefits under title I, II, IV, X, XIV, or XVI of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 301 et seq. [, 401 et seq., 601 et seq., 1201 et seq., 1351 et seq., 1381 et seq.]), regular pay- ments from a government source (such as un- employment benefits and general assistance), worker’s compensation, child support pay- ments made to a household member by an in- dividual who is legally obligated to make the payments, or such other types of income the consideration of which the Secretary deter- mines by regulation to be essential to equi- table determinations of eligibility and benefit levels; and (19) any additional payment under chapter 5 of title 37, or otherwise designated by the Sec- retary to be appropriate for exclusion under this paragraph, that is received by or from a member of the United States Armed Forces deployed to a designated combat zone, if the additional pay— (A) is the result of deployment to or serv- ice in a combat zone; and (B) was not received immediately prior to serving in a combat zone. (e) Deductions from income (1) Standard deduction (A) In general (i) Deduction The Secretary shall allow a standard de- duction for each household in the 48 con- tiguous States and the District of Colum- bia, Alaska, Hawaii, and the Virgin Islands of the United States in an amount that is— (I) equal to 8.31 percent of the income standard of eligibility established under subsection (c)(1); but (II) not more than 8.31 percent of the income standard of eligibility estab- lished under subsection (c)(1) for a household of 6 members. (ii) Minimum amount Notwithstanding clause (i), the standard deduction for each household in the 48 con- tiguous States and the District of Colum- bia, Alaska, Hawaii, and the Virgin Islands of the United States shall be not less than— (I) for fiscal year 2009, $144, $246, $203, and $127, respectively; and (II) for fiscal year 2010 and each fiscal year thereafter, an amount that is equal to the amount from the previous fiscal year adjusted to the nearest lower dollar increment to reflect changes for the 12- month period ending on the preceding June 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Depart- ment of Labor, for items other than food. (B) Guam (i) In general The Secretary shall allow a standard de- duction for each household in Guam in an amount that is— (I) equal to 8.31 percent of twice the in- come standard of eligibility established under subsection (c)(1) for the 48 contig- uous States and the District of Colum- bia; but (II) not more than 8.31 percent of twice the income standard of eligibility estab- lished under subsection (c)(1) for the 48 contiguous States and the District of Co- lumbia for a household of 6 members. (ii) Minimum amount Notwithstanding clause (i), the standard deduction for each household in Guam shall be not less than— (I) for fiscal year 2009, $289; and (II) for fiscal year 2010 and each fiscal year thereafter, an amount that is equal to the amount from the previous fiscal year adjusted to the nearest lower dollar increment to reflect changes for the 12- Page 1250 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 month period ending on the preceding June 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Depart- ment of Labor, for items other than food. (C) Requirement Each adjustment under subparagraphs (A)(ii)(II) and (B)(ii)(II) shall be based on the unrounded amount for the prior 12-month period. (2) Earned income deduction (A) ‘‘Earned income’’ defined In this paragraph, the term ‘‘earned in- come’’ does not include— (i) income excluded by subsection (d); or (ii) any portion of income earned under a work supplementation or support program, as defined under section 2025(b) of this title, that is attributable to public assist- ance. (B) Deduction Except as provided in subparagraph (C), a household with earned income shall be al- lowed a deduction of 20 percent of all earned income to compensate for taxes, other man- datory deductions from salary, and work ex- penses. (C) Exception The deduction described in subparagraph (B) shall not be allowed with respect to de- termining an overissuance due to the failure of a household to report earned income in a timely manner. (3) Dependent care deduction (A) In general A household shall be entitled, with respect to expenses (other than excluded expenses described in subparagraph (B)) for dependent care, to a dependent care deduction for the actual cost of payments necessary for the care of a dependent if the care enables a household member to accept or continue em- ployment, or training or education that is preparatory for employment. (B) Excluded expenses The excluded expenses referred to in sub- paragraph (A) are— (i) expenses paid on behalf of the house- hold by a third party; (ii) amounts made available and ex- cluded, for the expenses referred to in sub- paragraph (A), under subsection (d)(3); and (iii) expenses that are paid under section 2015(d)(4) of this title or a pilot project under section 2025(h)(1)(F) of this title. (4) Deduction for child support payments (A) In general In lieu of providing an exclusion for le- gally obligated child support payments made by a household member under subsection (d)(6), a State agency may elect to provide a deduction for the amount of the payments. (B) Order of determining deductions A deduction under this paragraph shall be determined before the computation of the excess shelter expense deduction under para- graph (6). (5) Excess medical expense deduction (A) In general A household containing an elderly or dis- abled member shall be entitled, with respect to expenses other than expenses paid on be- half of the household by a third party, to an excess medical expense deduction for the portion of the actual costs of allowable med- ical expenses, incurred by the elderly or dis- abled member, exclusive of special diets, that exceeds $35 per month. (B) Method of claiming deduction (i) In general A State agency shall offer an eligible household under subparagraph (A) a meth- od of claiming a deduction for recurring medical expenses that are initially verified under the excess medical expense deduc- tion in lieu of submitting information on, or verification of, actual expenses on a monthly basis. (ii) Method The method described in clause (i) shall— (I) be designed to minimize the burden for the eligible elderly or disabled house- hold member choosing to deduct the re- current medical expenses of the member pursuant to the method; (II) rely on reasonable estimates of the expected medical expenses of the mem- ber for the certification period (includ- ing changes that can be reasonably an- ticipated based on available information about the medical condition of the mem- ber, public or private medical insurance coverage, and the current verified med- ical expenses incurred by the member); and (III) not require further reporting or verification of a change in medical ex- penses if such a change has been antici- pated for the certification period. (C) Exclusion of medical marijuana The Secretary shall promulgate rules to ensure that medical marijuana is not treat- ed as a medical expense for purposes of this paragraph. (6) Excess shelter expense deduction (A) In general A household shall be entitled, with respect to expenses other than expenses paid on be- half of the household by a third party, to an excess shelter expense deduction to the ex- tent that the monthly amount expended by a household for shelter exceeds an amount equal to 50 percent of monthly household in- come after all other applicable deductions have been allowed. (B) Maximum amount of deduction In the case of a household that does not contain an elderly or disabled individual, in the 48 contiguous States and the District of Columbia, Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Page 1251 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Virgin Islands of the United States, the ex- cess shelter expense deduction shall not ex- ceed— (i) for the period beginning on August 22, 1996, and ending on December 31, 1996, $247, $429, $353, $300, and $182 per month, respec- tively; (ii) for the period beginning on January 1, 1997, and ending on September 30, 1998, $250, $434, $357, $304, and $184 per month, re- spectively; (iii) for fiscal year 1999, $275, $478, $393, $334, and $203 per month, respectively; (iv) for fiscal year 2000, $280, $483, $398, $339, and $208 per month, respectively; (v) for fiscal year 2001, $340, $543, $458, $399, and $268 per month, respectively; and (vi) for fiscal year 2002 and each subse- quent fiscal year, the applicable amount during the preceding fiscal year, as ad- justed to reflect changes for the 12-month period ending the preceding November 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor. (C) Standard utility allowance (i) In general In computing the excess shelter expense deduction, a State agency may use a standard utility allowance in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Sec- retary, subject to clause (iv), except that a State agency may use an allowance that does not fluctuate within a year to reflect seasonal variations. (ii) Restrictions on heating and cooling ex- penses An allowance for a heating or cooling ex- pense may not be used in the case of a household that— (I) does not incur a heating or cooling expense, as the case may be; (II) does incur a heating or cooling ex- pense but is located in a public housing unit that has central utility meters and charges households, with regard to the expense, only for excess utility costs; or (III) shares the expense with, and lives with, another individual not partici- pating in the supplemental nutrition as- sistance program, another household participating in the supplemental nutri- tion assistance program, or both, unless the allowance is prorated between the household and the other individual, household, or both. (iii) Mandatory allowance (I) In general A State agency may make the use of a standard utility allowance mandatory for all households with qualifying utility costs if— (aa) the State agency has developed 1 or more standards that include the cost of heating and cooling and 1 or more standards that do not include the cost of heating and cooling; and (bb) the Secretary finds (without re- gard to subclause (III)) that the stand- ards will not result in an increased cost to the Secretary. (II) Household election A State agency that has not made the use of a standard utility allowance man- datory under subclause (I) shall allow a household to switch, at the end of a cer- tification period, between the standard utility allowance and a deduction based on the actual utility costs of the house- hold. (III) Inapplicability of certain restric- tions Clauses (ii)(II) and (ii)(III) shall not apply in the case of a State agency that has made the use of a standard utility al- lowance mandatory under subclause (I). (iv) Availability of allowance to recipients of energy assistance (I) In general Subject to subclause (II), if a State agency elects to use a standard utility allowance that reflects heating and cool- ing costs, the standard utility allowance shall be made available to households that received a payment, or on behalf of which a payment was made, under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq.) or other similar energy assistance program, if in the current month or in the imme- diately preceding 12 months, the house- hold either received such a payment, or such a payment was made on behalf of the household, that was greater than $20 annually, as determined by the Sec- retary. (II) Separate allowance A State agency may use a separate standard utility allowance for house- holds on behalf of which a payment de- scribed in subclause (I) is made, but may not be required to do so. (III) States not electing to use separate allowance A State agency that does not elect to use a separate allowance but makes a single standard utility allowance avail- able to households incurring heating or cooling expenses (other than a household described in subclause (I) or (II) of clause (ii)) may not be required to reduce the allowance due to the provision (directly or indirectly) of assistance under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq.). (IV) Proration of assistance For the purpose of the supplemental nutrition assistance program, assistance provided under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq.) shall be considered to be pro- rated over the entire heating or cooling season for which the assistance was pro- vided. Page 1252 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 (D) Homeless households (i) Alternative deduction The State agency shall allow a deduction of $143 a month for households— (I) in which all members are homeless individuals; (II) that are not receiving free shelter throughout the month; and (III) that do not opt to claim an excess shelter expense deduction under subpara- graph (A). (ii) Adjustment For fiscal year 2019 and each subsequent fiscal year the amount of the homeless shelter deduction specified in clause (i) shall be adjusted to reflect changes for the 12-month period ending the preceding No- vember 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bu- reau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor. (iii) Ineligibility The State agency may make a household with extremely low shelter costs ineligible for the alternative deduction under clause (i). (f) Calculation of household income; prospective or retrospective accounting basis; consist- ency (1)(A) Household income for those households that, by contract for other than an hourly or piecework basis or by self-employment, derive their annual income in a period of time shorter than one year shall be calculated by averaging such income over a twelve-month period. Not- withstanding the preceding sentence, household income resulting from the self-employment of a member in a farming operation, who derives in- come from such farming operation and who has irregular expenses to produce such income, may, at the option of the household, be calculated by averaging such income and expenses over a 12- month period. Notwithstanding the first sen- tence, if the averaged amount does not accu- rately reflect the household’s actual monthly circumstances because the household has experi- enced a substantial increase or decrease in busi- ness earnings, the State agency shall calculate the self-employment income based on antici- pated earnings. (B) Household income for those households that receive nonexcluded income of the type de- scribed in subsection (d)(3) of this section shall be calculated by averaging such income over the period for which it is received. (C) SIMPLIFIED DETERMINATION OF DEDUC- TIONS.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in clause (ii), for the purposes of subsection (e), a State agency may elect to disregard until the next recertification of eligibility under section 2020(e)(4) of this title 1 or more types of changes in the circumstances of a household that affect the amount of deductions the household may claim under subsection (e). (ii) CHANGES THAT MAY NOT BE DIS- REGARDED.—Under clause (i), a State agency may not disregard— (I) any reported change of residence; or (II) under standards prescribed by the Sec- retary, any change in earned income. (2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B), (C), and (D), households shall have their incomes calculated on a prospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(A), or, at the option of the State agency, on a retrospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(B). (B) In the case of the first month, or at the op- tion of the State, the first and second months, during a continuous period in which a household is certified, the State agency shall determine eligibility and the amount of benefits on the basis of the household’s income and other rel- evant circumstances in such first or second month. (C) Households specified in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) of section 2015(c)(1)(A) of this title shall have their income calculated on a prospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(A). (D) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), households required to submit monthly reports of their income and household circumstances under section 2015(c)(1) of this title shall have their income calculated on a retrospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(B). (3)(A) Calculation of household income on a prospective basis is the calculation of income on the basis of the income reasonably anticipated to be received by the household during the pe- riod for which eligibility or benefits are being determined. Such calculation shall be made in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary which shall provide for taking into account both the income reasonably anticipated to be received by the household during the pe- riod for which eligibility or benefits are being determined and the income received by the household during the preceding thirty days. (B) Calculation of household income on a ret- rospective basis is the calculation of income for the period for which eligibility or benefits are being determined on the basis of income re- ceived in a previous period. Such calculation shall be made in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary which may provide for the determination of eligibility on a prospec- tive basis in some or all cases in which benefits are calculated under this paragraph. Such regu- lations shall provide for supplementing the ini- tial allotments of newly applying households in those cases in which the determination of in- come under this paragraph causes serious hard- ship. (4) In promulgating regulations under this subsection, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services in order to assure that, to the extent feasible and consistent with the purposes of this chapter and the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 301 et seq.], the income of households receiving benefits under this chapter and title IV–A of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.] is calculated on a comparable basis under this chapter and the Social Security Act. The Secretary is au- thorized, upon the request of a State agency, to waive any of the provisions of this subsection (except the provisions of paragraph (2)(A)) to the extent necessary to permit the State agency to calculate income for purposes of this chapter on Page 1253 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 the same basis that income is calculated under title IV–A of the Social Security Act in that State. (g) Allowable financial resources (1) TOTAL AMOUNT.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall pre- scribe the types and allowable amounts of fi- nancial resources (liquid and nonliquid assets) an eligible household may own, and shall, in so doing, assure that a household otherwise el- igible to participate in the supplemental nu- trition assistance program will not be eligible to participate if its resources exceed $2,000 (as adjusted in accordance with subparagraph (B)), or, in the case of a household which con- sists of or includes an elderly or disabled member, if its resources exceed $3,000 (as ad- justed in accordance with subparagraph (B)). (B) ADJUSTMENT FOR INFLATION.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Beginning on October 1, 2008, and each October 1 thereafter, the amounts specified in subparagraph (A) shall be adjusted and rounded down to the nearest $250 increment to reflect changes for the 12- month period ending the preceding June in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Con- sumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor. (ii) REQUIREMENT.—Each adjustment under clause (i) shall be based on the unrounded amount for the prior 12-month period. (2) INCLUDED ASSETS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the other provi- sions of this paragraph, the Secretary shall, in prescribing inclusions in, and exclusions from, financial resources, follow the regulations in force as of June 1, 1982 (other than those relat- ing to licensed vehicles and inaccessible re- sources). (B) ADDITIONAL INCLUDED ASSETS.—The Sec- retary shall include in financial resources— (i) any boat, snowmobile, or airplane used for recreational purposes; (ii) any vacation home; (iii) any mobile home used primarily for vacation purposes; (iv) subject to subparagraphs (C) and (D), any licensed vehicle that is used for house- hold transportation or to obtain or continue employment to the extent that the fair mar- ket value of the vehicle exceeds $4,650; and (v) any savings account, regardless of whether there is a penalty for early with- drawal. (C) EXCLUDED VEHICLES.—A vehicle (and any other property, real or personal, to the extent the property is directly related to the mainte- nance or use of the vehicle) shall not be in- cluded in financial resources under this para- graph if the vehicle is— (i) used to produce earned income; (ii) necessary for the transportation of a physically disabled household member; or (iii) depended on by a household to carry fuel for heating or water for home use and provides the primary source of fuel or water, respectively, for the household. (D) ALTERNATIVE VEHICLE ALLOWANCE.—If the vehicle allowance standards that a State agen- cy uses to determine eligibility for assistance under the State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) would result in a lower attribution of resources to certain households than under subparagraph (B)(iv), in lieu of applying sub- paragraph (B)(iv), the State agency may elect to apply the State vehicle allowance standards to all households that would incur a lower at- tribution of resources under the State vehicle allowance standards. (3) The Secretary shall exclude from financial resources the value of a burial plot for each member of a household and nonliquid resources necessary to allow the household to carry out a plan for self-sufficiency approved by the State agency that constitutes adequate participation in an employment and training program under section 2015(d) of this title or a pilot project under section 2025(h)(1)(F) of this title. The Sec- retary shall also exclude from financial re- sources any earned income tax credits received by any member of the household for a period of 12 months from receipt if such member was par- ticipating in the supplemental nutrition assist- ance program at the time the credits were re- ceived and participated in such program con- tinuously during the 12-month period. (4) In the case of farm property (including land, equipment, and supplies) that is essential to the self-employment of a household member in a farming operation, the Secretary shall ex- clude from financial resources the value of such property until the expiration of the 1-year pe- riod beginning on the date such member ceases to be self-employed in farming. (5) The Secretary shall promulgate rules by which State agencies shall develop standards for identifying kinds of resources that, as a prac- tical matter, the household is unlikely to be able to sell for any significant return because the household’s interest is relatively slight or because the cost of selling the household’s inter- est would be relatively great. Resources so iden- tified shall be excluded as inaccessible re- sources. A resource shall be so identified if its sale or other disposition is unlikely to produce any significant amount of funds for the support of the household. The Secretary shall not re- quire the State agency to require verification of the value of a resource to be excluded under this paragraph unless the State agency determines that the information provided by the household is questionable. (6) EXCLUSION OF TYPES OF FINANCIAL RE- SOURCES NOT CONSIDERED UNDER CERTAIN OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (B), a State agency may, at the option of the State agency, exclude from financial resources under this subsection any types of financial resources that the State agency does not con- sider when determining eligibility for— (i) cash assistance under a program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Secu- rity Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); or (ii) medical assistance under section 1931 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396u–1). (B) LIMITATIONS.—Except to the extent that any of the types of resources specified in Page 1254 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 clauses (i) through (iv) are excluded under an- other paragraph of this subsection, subpara- graph (A) does not authorize a State agency to exclude— (i) cash; (ii) licensed vehicles; (iii) amounts in any account in a financial institution that are readily available to the household; or (iv) any other similar type of resource the inclusion in financial resources of which the Secretary determines by regulation to be es- sential to equitable determinations of eligi- bility under the supplemental nutrition as- sistance program. (7) EXCLUSION OF RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS FROM ALLOWABLE FINANCIAL RESOURCES.— (A) MANDATORY EXCLUSIONS.—The Secretary shall exclude from financial resources under this subsection the value of— (i) any funds in a plan, contract, or ac- count, described in sections 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), 408, 408A, 457(b), and 501(c)(18) of title 26 and the value of funds in a Federal Thrift Savings Plan account as provided in section 8439 of title 5; and (ii) any retirement program or account in- cluded in any successor or similar provision that may be enacted and determined to be exempt from tax under title 26. (B) DISCRETIONARY EXCLUSIONS.—The Sec- retary may exclude from financial resources under this subsection the value of any other retirement plans, contracts, or accounts (as determined by the Secretary). (8) EXCLUSION OF EDUCATION ACCOUNTS FROM ALLOWABLE FINANCIAL RESOURCES.— (A) MANDATORY EXCLUSIONS.—The Secretary shall exclude from financial resources under this subsection the value of any funds in a qualified tuition program described in section 529 of title 26 or in a Coverdell education sav- ings account under section 530 of that title. (B) DISCRETIONARY EXCLUSIONS.—The Sec- retary may exclude from financial resources under this subsection the value of any other education programs, contracts, or accounts (as determined by the Secretary). (h) Temporary emergency standards of eligi- bility; Disaster Task Force; direct assistance to State and local officials (1) The Secretary shall, after consultation with the official empowered to exercise the au- thority provided for by sections 5170a and 5192 of title 42, establish temporary emergency stand- ards of eligibility for the duration of the emer- gency for households who are victims of a dis- aster which disrupts commercial channels of food distribution, if such households are in need of temporary food assistance and if commercial channels of food distribution have again become available to meet the temporary food needs of such households. Such standards as are pre- scribed for individual emergencies may be pro- mulgated without regard to section 2013(c) of this title or the procedures set forth in section 553 of title 5. (2) The Secretary shall— (A) establish a Disaster Task Force to assist States in implementing and operating the dis- aster program and the regular supplemental nutrition assistance program in the disaster area; and (B) if the Secretary, in the Secretary’s dis- cretion, determines that it is cost-effective to send members of the Task Force to the dis- aster area, the Secretary shall send them to such area as soon as possible after the disaster occurs to provide direct assistance to State and local officials. (3)(A) The Secretary shall provide, by regula- tion, for emergency allotments to eligible households to replace food destroyed in a dis- aster. The regulations shall provide for replace- ment of the value of food actually lost up to a limit approved by the Secretary not greater than the applicable maximum monthly allot- ment for the household size. (B) The Secretary shall adjust issuance meth- ods and reporting and other application require- ments to be consistent with what is practicable under actual conditions in the affected area. In making this adjustment, the Secretary shall consider the availability of the State agency’s offices and personnel, any conditions that make reliance on electronic benefit transfer systems described in section 2016(h) of this title imprac- ticable, and any damage to or disruption of transportation and communication facilities. (i) Attribution of income and resources to spon- sored aliens; coverage, computations, etc. (1) For purposes of determining eligibility for and the amount of benefits under this chapter for an individual who is an alien as described in section 2015(f)(2)(B) of this title, the income and resources of any person who as a sponsor of such individual’s entry into the United States exe- cuted an affidavit of support or similar agree- ment with respect to such individual, and the income and resources of the sponsor’s spouse if such spouse is living with the sponsor, shall be deemed to be the income and resources of such individual for a period of three years after the individual’s entry into the United States. Any such income deemed to be income of such indi- vidual shall be treated as unearned income of such individual. (2)(A) The amount of income of a sponsor, and the sponsor’s spouse if living with the sponsor, which shall be deemed to be the unearned in- come of an alien for any year shall be deter- mined as follows: (i) the total yearly rate of earned and un- earned income of such sponsor, and such spon- sor’s spouse if such spouse is living with the sponsor, shall be determined for such year under rules prescribed by the Secretary; (ii) the amount determined under clause (i) of this subparagraph shall be reduced by an amount equal to the income eligibility stand- ard as determined under subsection (c) for a household equal in size to the sponsor, the sponsor’s spouse if living with the sponsor, and any persons dependent upon or receiving sup- port from the sponsor or the sponsor’s spouse if the spouse is living with the sponsor; and (iii) the monthly income attributed to such alien shall be one-twelfth of the amount cal- culated under clause (ii) of this subparagraph. (B) The amount of resources of a sponsor, and the sponsor’s spouse if living with the sponsor, Page 1255 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 which shall be deemed to be the resources of an alien for any year shall be determined as fol- lows: (i) the total amount of the resources of such sponsor and such sponsor’s spouse if such spouse is living with the sponsor shall be de- termined under rules prescribed by the Sec- retary; (ii) the amount determined under clause (i) of this subparagraph shall be reduced by $1,500; and (iii) the resources determined under clause (ii) of this subparagraph shall be deemed to be resources of such alien in addition to any re- sources of such alien. (C)(i) Any individual who is an alien shall, during the period of three years after entry into the United States, in order to be an eligible indi- vidual or eligible spouse for purposes of this chapter, be required to provide to the State agency such information and documentation with respect to the alien’s sponsor and sponsor’s spouse as may be necessary in order for the State agency to make any determination re- quired under this section, and to obtain any co- operation from such sponsor necessary for any such determination. Such alien shall also be re- quired to provide such information and docu- mentation which such alien or the sponsor pro- vided in support of such alien’s immigration ap- plication as the State agency may request. (ii) The Secretary shall enter into agreements with the Secretary of State and the Attorney General whereby any information available to such persons and required in order to make any determination under this section will be pro- vided by such persons to the Secretary, and whereby such persons shall inform any sponsor of an alien, at the time such sponsor executes an affidavit of support or similar agreement, of the requirements imposed by this section. (D) Any sponsor of an alien, and such alien, shall be jointly and severably liable for an amount equal to any overpayment made to such alien during the period of three years after such alien’s entry into the United States, on account of such sponsor’s failure to provide correct in- formation under the provisions of this section, except where such sponsor was without fault, or where good cause for such failure existed. Any such overpayment which is not repaid shall be recovered in accordance with the provisions of section 2022(b) of this title. (E) The provisions of this subsection shall not apply with respect to any alien who is a member of the sponsor’s household or to any alien who is under 18 years of age. (j) Resource exemption for otherwise exempt households Notwithstanding subsections (a) through (i), a State agency shall consider a household member who receives supplemental security income ben- efits under title XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.], aid to the aged, blind, or disabled under title I, II, X, XIV, or XVI of such Act [42 U.S.C. 301 et seq., 401 et seq., 1201 et seq., 1351 et seq., 1381 et seq.], or who receives benefits under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) to have satisfied the resource limitations prescribed under subsection (g). (k) Assistance to third parties included; edu- cational benefits; exceptions (1) For purposes of subsection (d)(1), except as provided in paragraph (2), assistance provided to a third party on behalf of a household by a State or local government shall be considered money payable directly to the household if the assist- ance is provided in lieu of— (A) a regular benefit payable to the house- hold for living expenses under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); or (B) a benefit payable to the household for housing expenses under— (i) a State or local general assistance pro- gram; or (ii) another basic assistance program com- parable to general assistance (as determined by the Secretary). (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to— (A) medical assistance; (B) child care assistance; (C) a payment or allowance described in sub- section (d)(11); (D) assistance provided by a State or local housing authority; (E) emergency assistance for migrant or sea- sonal farmworker households during the pe- riod such households are in the job stream; (F) emergency and special assistance, to the extent excluded in regulations prescribed by the Secretary; or (G) assistance provided to a third party on behalf of a household under a State or local general assistance program, or another local basic assistance program comparable to gen- eral assistance (as determined by the Sec- retary), if, under State law, no assistance under the program may be provided directly to the household in the form of a cash payment. (3) For purposes of subsection (d)(1), edu- cational loans on which payment is deferred, grants, scholarships, fellowships, veterans’ edu- cational benefits, and the like that are provided to a third party on behalf of a household for liv- ing expenses shall be treated as money payable directly to the household. (4) THIRD PARTY ENERGY ASSISTANCE PAY- MENTS.— (A) ENERGY ASSISTANCE PAYMENTS.—For pur- poses of subsection (d)(1), a payment made under a State law (other than a law referred to in paragraph (2)(G) to provide energy assist- ance to a household shall be considered money payable directly to the household. (B) ENERGY ASSISTANCE EXPENSES.—For pur- poses of subsection (e)(6), an expense paid on behalf of a household under a State law to pro- vide energy assistance shall be considered an out-of-pocket expense incurred and paid by the household. (l) Earnings to participants of on-the-job training programs; exception Notwithstanding section 181(a)(2) of the Work- force Innovation and Opportunity Act [29 U.S.C. 3241(a)(2)], earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job training under title I of such Act [29 U.S.C. 3111 et seq.] shall be considered earned income for purposes of the supplemental nutri- Page 1256 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 tion assistance program, except for dependents less than 19 years of age. (m) Simplified calculation of income for the self- employed (1) In general Not later than 1 year after August 22, 1996, the Secretary shall establish a procedure by which a State may submit a method, designed to not increase Federal costs, for the approval of the Secretary, that the Secretary deter- mines will produce a reasonable estimate of income excluded under subsection (d)(9) in lieu of calculating the actual cost of producing self-employment income. (2) Inclusive of all types of income or limited types of income The method submitted by a State under paragraph (1) may allow a State to estimate income for all types of self-employment in- come or may be limited to 1 or more types of self-employment income. (3) Differences for different types of income The method submitted by a State under paragraph (1) may differ for different types of self-employment income. (n) State options to simplify determination of child support payments Regardless of whether a State agency elects to provide a deduction under subsection (e)(4), the Secretary shall establish simplified procedures to allow State agencies, at the option of the State agencies, to determine the amount of any legally obligated child support payments made, including procedures to allow the State agency to rely on information from the agency respon- sible for implementing the program under part D of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.) concerning payments made in prior months in lieu of obtaining current infor- mation from the households. (Pub. L. 88–525, § 5, Aug. 31, 1964, 78 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 91–671, § 4, Jan. 11, 1971, 84 Stat. 2049; Pub. L. 93–86, § 3(d), (e), (g), (h), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 246, 247; Pub. L. 95–113, title XIII, § 1301, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 962; Pub. L. 96–58, § 2, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 390; Pub. L. 96–223, title III, § 313(c)(2), Apr. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 299; Pub. L. 96–249, title I, §§ 102–108, 112, 136–138, May 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 357–359, 361, 369, 370; Pub. L. 97–35, title I, §§ 104(a), 105–107, 115, 116(a)(1), title XXVI, § 2611, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 358–361, 364, 902; Pub. L. 97–98, title XIII, §§ 1305–1309, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 1283, 1284; Pub. L. 97–253, title I, §§ 143(b), 145(c), (d), 146–152(a), 153, 189(a), Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 773–776, 787; Pub. L. 98–204, § 4, Dec. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 1385; Pub. L. 99–198, title XV, §§ 1507(a)(1), 1508–1513(a), 1514, 1515, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1567–1572; Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(a) [title VI, § 638(a)], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783, 1783–34, and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(a) [title VI, § 638(a)], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341, 3341–34; Pub. L. 100–77, title VIII, §§ 803(a), 804(a), 805(a), 806(a), 807(a), July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 534, 535; Pub. L. 100–232, § 2(a), Jan. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1566; Pub. L. 100–387, title V, § 501(a), Aug. 11, 1988, 102 Stat. 960; Pub. L. 100–435, title II, §§ 201, 202(a), title III, §§ 340–343, 351, title IV, §§ 402, 403, 404(f), Sept. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1655, 1656, 1663–1665, 1668; Pub. L. 100–707, title I, § 109(d), Nov. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 4708; Pub. L. 101–624, title XVII, §§ 1714–1718(a), 1719–1722, 1726(b)(2), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3783–3787; Pub. L. 102–40, title IV, § 402(d)(2), May 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 239; Pub. L. 102–237, title IX, §§ 902–906, 941(2), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1884, 1885, 1892; Pub. L. 102–265, § 1(a), Mar. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 90; Pub. L. 102–367, title VII, § 702(b), Sept. 7, 1992, 106 Stat. 1113; Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, §§ 13911–13915, 13921, 13922(a), 13923, 13924, Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 673–675; Pub. L. 103–225, title I, § 101(b)(2), Mar. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 107; Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 109(a), title VIII, §§ 806–809(a), 810–812, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2169, 2309, 2313, 2314; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(d)(2)(A), (f)(2)(A)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–418, 2681–429; Pub. L. 106–387, § 1(a) [title VIII, §§ 846(a), 847(a)], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–65, 1549A–66; Pub. L. 107–171, title IV, §§ 4101–4108(a), 4112(b)(2), 4401(b)(2)(C), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 305–309, 313, 333; Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, §§ 4001(b), 4002(a)(2), 4101–4104, 4115(b)(3), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1092, 1098–1100, 1106; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title IV, §§ 4001(b), 4002(a)(2), 4101–4104, 4115(b)(3), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1853, 1859–1861, 1867; Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, §§ 4005, 4006(a), 4008(b), 4022(b)(1), 4030(c), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 786–788, 808, 814; Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 512(l)(1), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1709; Pub. L. 115–334, title IV, §§ 4004, 4022(2), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4627, 4653.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Social Security Act, referred to in subsecs. (a), (d)(5), (11), (12), (16), (18), (f)(4), (g)(2)(D), (6)(A)(i), (j), (k)(1)(A), and (n), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620. Titles I, II, IV, X, XIV, XVI, and XIX of the Social Security Act are classified generally to subchapters I (§ 301 et seq.), II (§ 401 et seq.), IV (§ 601 et seq.), X (§ 1201 et seq.), XIV (§ 1351 et seq.), XVI (§ 1381 et seq.), and XIX (§ 1396 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Parts A and D of title IV of the Act are classified generally to parts A (§ 601 et seq.) and D (§ 651 et seq.) of subchapter IV of chapter 7 of Title 42. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables. Section 3507 of title 26, referred to in subsec. (d)(13), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–226, title II, § 219(a)(1), Aug. 10, 2010, 124 Stat. 2403. The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981, referred to in subsec. (e)(6)(C)(iv), is title XXVI of Pub. L. 97–35, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 893, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 8621 et seq.) of chapter 94 of Title 42. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8621 of Title 42 and Tables. The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, re- ferred to in subsec. (l), is Pub. L. 113–128, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1425. Title I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 3111 et seq.) of chapter 32 of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of Title 29 and Tables. CODIFICATION Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246. Pub. L. 99–591 is a corrected version of Pub. L. 99–500. AMENDMENTS 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–334, § 4022(2), substituted ‘‘2012(m)(4)’’ for ‘‘2012(n)(4)’’ in two places. Page 1257 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Subsec. (e)(6)(D). Pub. L. 115–334, § 4004, added cls. (i) and (ii), redesignated former cl. (ii) as (iii), and struck out former cl. (i). Prior to amendment, text of cl. (i) read as follows: ‘‘In lieu of the deduction provided under subparagraph (A), a State agency may elect to allow a household in which all members are homeless individuals, but that is not receiving free shelter throughout the month, to receive a deduction of $143 per month.’’ 2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4008(b), substituted ‘‘subsections (b), (d)(2), (g), and (r) of section 2015 of this title’’ for ‘‘sections 2015(b), 2015(d)(2), and 2015(g) of this title’’. Subsec. (d)(14). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4022(b)(1)(A), inserted ‘‘or a pilot project under section 2025(h)(1)(F) of this title’’ after ‘‘section 2015(d)(4)(I) of this title’’. Subsec. (e)(3)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4022(b)(1)(B), in- serted ‘‘or a pilot project under section 2025(h)(1)(F) of this title ’’ after ‘‘section 2015(d)(4) of this title’’. Subsec. (e)(5)(C). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4005, added subpar. (C). Subsec. (e)(6)(C)(i). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4006(a)(1), inserted ‘‘, subject to clause (iv)’’ after ‘‘Secretary’’. Subsec. (e)(6)(C)(iv)(I). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4006(a)(2), added subcl. (I) and struck out former subcl. (I). Text read as follows: ‘‘Subject to subclause (II), if a State agency elects to use a standard utility allowance that reflects heating or cooling costs, the standard utility allowance shall be made available to households receiv- ing a payment, or on behalf of which a payment is made, under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq.) or other similar en- ergy assistance program, if the household still incurs out-of-pocket heating or cooling expenses in excess of any assistance paid on behalf of the household to an en- ergy provider.’’ Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4022(b)(1)(C), inserted ‘‘or a pilot project under section 2025(h)(1)(F) of this title’’ after ‘‘section 2015(d) of this title’’. Subsec. (i)(2)(D). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4030(c)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘section 2022(b) of this title’’ for ‘‘section 2022(b)(2) of this title’’. Subsec. (k)(4)(A). Pub. L. 113–79, § 4030(c)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘paragraph (2)(G)’’ for ‘‘paragraph (2)(H)’’. Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 113–128, which directed amend- ment of subsec. (l) by substituting ‘‘Notwithstanding section 181(a)(2) of the Workforce Innovation and Op- portunity Act, earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job training under title I of such Act’’ for ‘‘Not- withstanding section 181(a)(2) of the Workforce Invest- ment Act of 1998, earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job-training under title I of the Workforce In- vestment Act of 1998’’ was executed by making the sub- stitution for ‘‘Notwithstanding section 181(a)(2) of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, earnings to individ- uals participating in on-the-job training under title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998’’ to reflect the probable intent of Congress. 2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4115(b)(3)(A), which directed substitution of ‘‘section 2012(n)(4)’’ for ‘‘sec- tion 2012(i)(4)’’, was executed by making the substi- tution in two places, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp pro- gram’’ wherever appearing. Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp program’’. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4101, inserted heading, redesignated cls. (1) to (18) as pars. (1) to (18), respec- tively, and realigned margins, in pars. (1) to (16), sub- stituted semicolon for comma at end, in par. (3), redes- ignated subcls. (A) to (C) as subpars. (A) to (C), respec- tively, and realigned margins, in subpars. (B) and (C), substituted semicolon for comma at end, in par. (11), redesignated subcls. (A) and (B) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, in subpar. (A), substituted semicolon for comma at end, realigned margin of subpar. (B), and added par. (19). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp pro- gram’’ wherever appearing. Subsec. (e)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4102(1), sub- stituted ‘‘not less than—’’ and subcls. (I) and (II) for ‘‘not less than $134, $229, $189, and $118, respectively.’’ Subsec. (e)(1)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4102(2), sub- stituted ‘‘not less than—’’ and subcls. (I) and (II) for ‘‘not less than $269.’’ Subsec. (e)(1)(C). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4102(3), added sub- par. (C). Subsec. (e)(3)(A). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4103, struck out ‘‘, the maximum allowable level of which shall be $200 per month for each dependent child under 2 years of age and $175 per month for each other dependent,’’ after ‘‘deduction’’. Subsec. (e)(6)(C). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp program’’ wherever appearing. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4104(a)(1), inserted sub- sec. heading. Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4104(a), inserted par. heading, designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), inserted subpar. heading, inserted ‘‘(as adjusted in ac- cordance with subparagraph (B))’’ after ‘‘$2,000’’ and after ‘‘$3,000’’, and added subpar. (B). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp pro- gram’’. Subsec. (g)(2)(B)(v). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4104(b)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘savings account’’ for ‘‘savings or retirement account (including an individual account)’’. Subsec. (g)(3), (6). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), sub- stituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp program’’. Subsec. (g)(7), (8). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4104(b)(2), (c), added pars. (7) and (8). Subsec. (h)(2)(A). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4002(a)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘Disaster Task Force’’ for ‘‘Food Stamp Dis- aster Task Force’’. Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘supplemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp pro- gram’’. Subsec. (h)(3)(B). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4115(b)(3)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘section 2016(h)’’ for ‘‘section 2016(i)’’ in second sentence. Subsec. (i)(2)(E). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4115(b)(3)(C), struck out ‘‘, as defined in section 2012(i) of this title,’’ after ‘‘household’’. Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 110–246, § 4001(b), substituted ‘‘sup- plemental nutrition assistance program’’ for ‘‘food stamp program’’. 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4112(b)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘section 2012(i)(4) of this title’’ for ‘‘the third sentence of section 2012(i) of this title’’ in two places. Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4101(a), inserted at end ‘‘and child support payments made by a household member to or for an individual who is not a member of the household if the household member is legally obli- gated to make the payments,’’. Subsec. (d)(16) to (18). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4102, added cls. (16) to (18). Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4103, added par. (1) and struck out heading and text of former par. (1). Text read as follows: ‘‘The Secretary shall allow a standard deduction for each household in the 48 contiguous States and the District of Columbia, Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States of $134, $229, $189, $269, and $118, respectively.’’ Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4101(b)(1), added par. (4) and struck out heading and text of former par. (4). Text read as follows: ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A household shall be entitled to a deduction for child support payments made by a house- hold member to or for an individual who is not a mem- ber of the household if the household member is legally obligated to make the payments. ‘‘(B) METHODS FOR DETERMINING AMOUNT.—The Sec- retary may prescribe by regulation the methods, in- cluding calculation on a retrospective basis, that a Page 1258 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 State agency shall use to determine the amount of the deduction for child support payments.’’ Subsec. (e)(5), (6). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4105(b)(1), redesig- nated pars. (6) and (7) as (5) and (6), respectively, and struck out heading and text of former par. (5). Text read as follows: ‘‘Under rules prescribed by the Sec- retary, a State agency may develop a standard home- less shelter allowance, which shall not exceed $143 per month, for such expenses as may reasonably be ex- pected to be incurred by households in which all mem- bers are homeless individuals but are not receiving free shelter throughout the month. A State agency that de- velops the allowance may use the allowance in deter- mining eligibility and allotments for the households. The State agency may make a household with ex- tremely low shelter costs ineligible for the allowance.’’ Subsec. (e)(7). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4105(b)(1)(B), redesig- nated par. (7) as (6). Former par. (6) redesignated (5). Subsec. (e)(7)(C)(iii)(I)(bb). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4104(1), inserted ‘‘(without regard to subclause (III))’’ after ‘‘Secretary finds’’. Subsec. (e)(7)(C)(iii)(III). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4104(2), added subcl. (III). Subsec. (e)(7)(D). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4105(a), added sub- par. (D). Subsec. (f)(1)(C). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4106, added subpar. (C). Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4107(1), substituted ‘‘an elderly or disabled member’’ for ‘‘a member who is 60 years of age or older’’. Subsec. (g)(6). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4107(2), added par. (6). Subsec. (h)(3)(B). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4108(a), inserted ‘‘issuance methods and’’ after ‘‘Secretary shall adjust’’ in first sentence and inserted ‘‘, any conditions that make reliance on electronic benefit transfer systems described in section 2016(i) of this title impracticable,’’ after ‘‘personnel’’ in second sentence. Subsec. (i)(2)(E). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4401(b)(2)(C), in- serted ‘‘, or to any alien who is under 18 years of age’’ before period at end. Subsec. (k)(4)(B). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4105(b)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘subsection (e)(6) of this section’’ for ‘‘sub- section (e)(7) of this section’’. Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 107–171, § 4101(b)(2), added subsec. (n). 2000—Subsec. (e)(7)(B)(iii) to (vi). Pub. L. 106–387, § 1(a) [title VIII, § 846(a)], added cls. (iii) to (vi) and struck out former cls. (iii) and (iv) which read as fol- lows: ‘‘(iii) for fiscal years 1999 and 2000, $275, $478, $393, $334, and $203 per month, respectively; and ‘‘(iv) for fiscal year 2001 and each subsequent fiscal year, $300, $521, $429, $364, and $221 per month, respec- tively.’’ Subsec. (g)(2)(B)(iv). Pub. L. 106–387, § 1(a) [title VIII, § 847(a)(1)], substituted ‘‘subparagraphs (C) and (D)’’ for ‘‘subparagraph (C)’’ and ‘‘to the extent that the fair market value of the vehicle exceeds $4,650; and’’ for ‘‘to the extent that the fair market value of the vehicle ex- ceeds $4,600 through September 30, 1996, and $4,650 be- ginning October 1, 1996; and’’. Subsec. (g)(2)(D). Pub. L. 106–387, § 1(a) [title VIII, § 847(a)(2)], added subpar. (D). 1998—Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 105–277, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(f)(2)(A)], substituted ‘‘Notwithstanding section 181(a)(2) of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, earn- ings to individuals participating in on-the-job training under title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998’’ for ‘‘Notwithstanding section 1552(b) of title 29 or sec- tion 181(a)(2) of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job training programs under section 1604(b)(1)(C) or 1644(c)(1)(A) of title 29 or in on-the-job training under title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998’’. Pub. L. 105–277, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(d)(2)(A)], sub- stituted ‘‘Notwithstanding section 1552(b) of title 29 or section 181(a)(2) of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job training programs under section 1604(b)(1)(C) or 1644(c)(1)(A) of title 29 or in on-the-job training under title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998’’ for ‘‘Notwithstanding section 1552(b) of title 29, earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job training pro- grams under section 1604(b)(1)(C) or section 1644(c)(1)(A) of title 29’’. 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–193, § 109(a)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)’’ for ‘‘plan approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–193, § 806, inserted heading and substituted ‘‘Except as otherwise provided in this chap- ter, the Secretary’’ for ‘‘The Secretary’’. Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 104–193, § 109(a)(2)(A), sub- stituted ‘‘assistance under a State program funded’’ for ‘‘assistance to families with dependent children’’. Subsec. (d)(7). Pub. L. 104–193, § 807, substituted ‘‘17’’ for ‘‘21’’. Subsec. (d)(11). Pub. L. 104–193, § 808(a), added cl. (11) and struck out former cl. (11) which read as follows: ‘‘any payments or allowances made for the purpose of providing energy assistance (A) under any Federal law, or (B) under any State or local laws, designated by the State or local legislative body authorizing such pay- ments or allowances as energy assistance, and deter- mined by the Secretary to be calculated as if provided by the State or local government involved on a sea- sonal basis for an aggregate period not to exceed six months in any year even if such payments or allow- ances (including tax credits) are not provided on a sea- sonal basis because it would be administratively infea- sible or impracticable to do so,’’. Subsec. (d)(13) to (16). Pub. L. 104–193, § 109(a)(2)(B), re- designated cls. (14) to (16) as (13) to (15), respectively, and struck out former cl. (13) which read as follows: ‘‘at the option of a State agency and subject to subsection (m) of this section, child support payments that are ex- cluded under section 402(a)(8)(A)(vi) of the Social Secu- rity Act (42 U.S.C. 602(a)(8)(A)(vi)),’’. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–193, § 809(a), added subsec. (e) and struck out former subsec. (e) which provided for de- ductions in computing household income for purposes of determining eligibility and benefit levels for house- holds containing an elderly or disabled member and de- termining benefit levels only for all other households. Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 104–193, § 810, added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: ‘‘The Secretary shall, in prescribing inclusions in, and exclu- sions from, financial resources, follow the regulations in force as of June 1, 1982 (other than those relating to licensed vehicles and inaccessible resources), and shall, in addition, include in financial resources any boats, snowmobiles, and airplanes used for recreational pur- poses, any vacation homes, any mobile homes used pri- marily for vacation purposes, any licensed vehicle (other than one used to produce earned income or that is necessary for transportation of a physically disabled household member and any other property, real or per- sonal, to the extent that it is directly related to the maintenance or use of such vehicle) used for household transportation or used to obtain or continue employ- ment to the extent that the fair market value of any such vehicle exceeds a level set by the Secretary, which shall be $4,500 through August 31, 1994, $4,550 beginning September 1, 1994, through September 30, 1995, $4,600 be- ginning October 1, 1995, through September 30, 1996, and $5,000 beginning October 1, 1996, as adjusted on such date and on each October 1 thereafter to reflect changes in the new car component of the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the 12-month period end- ing on June 30 preceding the date of such adjustment and rounded to the nearest $50, and, regardless of whether there is a penalty for early withdrawal, any savings or retirement accounts (including individual accounts). The Secretary shall exclude from financial resources the value of a vehicle that a household de- pends upon to carry fuel for heating or water for home use when such transported fuel or water is the primary source of fuel or water for the household.’’ Page 1259 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 104–193, § 109(a)(3), substituted ‘‘program funded under part A of title IV of the Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)’’ for ‘‘plan approved under part A of title IV of such Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)’’. Subsec. (k)(1). Pub. L. 104–193, § 808(b)(1), in subpar. (A), substituted ‘‘State program funded’’ for ‘‘State plan for aid to families with dependent children ap- proved’’ and in subpar. (B), struck out ‘‘, not including energy or utility-cost assistance,’’ before ‘‘under’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (k)(2)(C). Pub. L. 104–193, § 808(b)(2), added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: ‘‘energy assistance;’’. Subsec. (k)(2)(F) to (H). Pub. L. 104–193, § 811, redesig- nated subpars. (G) and (H) as (F) and (G), respectively, and struck out former subpar. (F) which read as fol- lows: ‘‘housing assistance payments made to a third party on behalf of the household residing in transi- tional housing for the homeless;’’. Subsec. (k)(4). Pub. L. 104–193, § 808(b)(3), added par. (4). Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 104–193, § 812, added subsec. (m). Pub. L. 104–193, § 109(a)(4), struck out subsec. (m) which read as follows: ‘‘If a State agency excludes pay- ments from income for purposes of the food stamp pro- gram under subsection (d)(13) of this section, such State agency shall pay to the Federal Government, in a manner prescribed by the Secretary, the cost of any additional benefits provided to households in such State that arise under such program as the result of such exclusion.’’ 1994—Subsec. (f)(2)(C). Pub. L. 103–225 substituted ‘‘clauses (i), (ii), and (iii)’’ for ‘‘clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)’’. 1993—Subsec. (d)(7). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13911, substituted ‘‘who is an elementary or secondary school student, and who is 21 years of age or younger’’ for ‘‘who is a student, and who has not attained his eighteenth birth- day’’. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13922(a), in cl. (1) of fourth sentence, substituted ‘‘$200 a month for each de- pendent child under 2 years of age and $175 a month for each other dependent’’ for ‘‘$160 a month for each de- pendent’’, and struck out ‘‘, regardless of the depend- ent’s age,’’ before ‘‘when such care enables a household member to accept’’. Pub. L. 103–66, § 13912(a)(1), in fourth sentence struck out ‘‘: Provided, That the amount of such excess shelter expense deduction shall not exceed $164 a month in the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Co- lumbia, and shall not exceed, in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States $285, $234, $199, and $121 a month, respectively, adjusted on Octo- ber 1, 1988, and on each October 1 thereafter, to the nearest lower dollar increment to reflect changes in the shelter, fuel, and utilities components of housing costs in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Con- sumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as appropriately adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statis- tics after consultation with the Secretary, for the twelve months ending the preceding June 30’’ after ‘‘de- ductions have been allowed’’. Pub. L. 103–66, § 13912(b)(2), which directed amend- ment of subsec. (e), as amended by section 13912(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–66, by striking out the fifth and sixth sen- tences, could not be executed in view of amendment by Pub. L. 104–193. See 1996 Amendment note above and Ef- fective Date of 1993 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 103–66, § 13912(b)(1), inserted new fifth and sixth sentences: ‘‘In the 15-month period ending Sep- tember 30, 1995, such excess shelter expense deduction shall not exceed $231 a month in the 48 contiguous States and the District of Columbia, and shall not ex- ceed, in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States, $402, $330, $280, and $171 a month, respectively. In the 15-month period ending December 31, 1996, such excess shelter expense deduction shall not exceed $247 a month in the 48 contiguous States and the District of Columbia, and shall not exceed, in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States, $429, $353, $300, and $182 a month, respectively.’’ Pub. L. 103–66, § 13912(a)(2), in seventh sentence struck out ‘‘under clause (2) of the preceding sentence’’ after ‘‘shelter expense deduction’’. Pub. L. 103–66, § 13921, inserted at end: ‘‘Before deter- mining the excess shelter expense deduction, all house- holds shall be entitled to a deduction for child support payments made by a household member to or for an in- dividual who is not a member of the household if such household member was legally obligated to make such payments, except that the Secretary is authorized to prescribe by regulation the methods, including calcula- tion on a retrospective basis, that State agencies shall use to determine the amount of the deduction for child support payments.’’ Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13924, inserted at end: ‘‘The Secretary shall exclude from financial resources the value of a vehicle that a household depends upon to carry fuel for heating or water for home use when such transported fuel or water is the primary source of fuel or water for the household.’’ Pub. L. 103–66, § 13923, substituted ‘‘a level set by the Secretary, which shall be $4,500 through August 31, 1994, $4,550 beginning September 1, 1994, through September 30, 1995, $4,600 beginning October 1, 1995, through Sep- tember 30, 1996, and $5,000 beginning October 1, 1996, as adjusted on such date and on each October 1 thereafter to reflect changes in the new car component of the Con- sumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the 12-month pe- riod ending on June 30 preceding the date of such ad- justment and rounded to the nearest $50’’ for ‘‘$4,500’’. Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13913, inserted at end: ‘‘The Secretary shall also exclude from financial re- sources any earned income tax credits received by any member of the household for a period of 12 months from receipt if such member was participating in the food stamp program at the time the credits were received and participated in such program continuously during the 12-month period.’’ Subsec. (k)(1)(B). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13915, substituted ‘‘housing expenses, not including energy or utility-cost assistance,’’ for ‘‘living expenses’’. Subsec. (k)(2)(F). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13914, amended sub- par. (F) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (F) read as follows: ‘‘housing assistance payments made to a third party on behalf of a household residing in tran- sitional housing for the homeless in an amount equal to 50 percent of the maximum shelter allowance pro- vided to families not residing in such transitional hous- ing under the States’ plan for aid to families with de- pendent children approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), if the State agency calculates a shelter allowance to be paid under the State plan separate and apart from payments for other household needs even though it may be paid in combination with other allowances in some cases;’’. 1992—Subsec. (d)(16). Pub. L. 102–265 substituted ‘‘sub- paragraph (A)(iii) or (B)(iv) of section 1612(b)(4) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1382a(b)(4))’’ for ‘‘section 1612(b)(4)(B)(iv) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1382a(b)(4)(B)(iv))’’. Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 102–367 substituted ‘‘section 1604(b)(1)(C) or section 1644(c)(1)(A) of title 29’’ for ‘‘sec- tion 1604(5) of title 29’’. 1991—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–237, § 902, substituted ‘‘based on income criteria comparable to or more re- strictive than those under subsection (c)(2) of this sec- tion, and not limited to one-time emergency payments that cannot be provided for more than one consecutive month,’’ for ‘‘appropriate for categorical treatment’’. Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 102–237, § 941(2)(A), made tech- nical amendment to reference to subsection (f) of this section involving corresponding provision of original act. Subsec. (d)(3)(A). Pub. L. 102–237, § 903(1)(A), sub- stituted ‘‘awarded to a household member enrolled’’ for ‘‘to the extent that they are used for tuition and man- datory school fees (including the rental or purchase of any equipment, materials, and supplies required to pur- sue the course of study involved)’’. Page 1260 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Subsec. (d)(3)(B). Pub. L. 102–237, § 903(1)(B), inserted ‘‘used for or’’ after ‘‘amount’’ and substituted ‘‘pro- gram, or other grantor, for tuition and mandatory fees (including the rental or purchase of any equipment, materials, and supplies related to the pursuit of the course of study involved),’’ for ‘‘or program for’’. Subsec. (d)(12). Pub. L. 102–40 substituted ‘‘section 5312 of title 38’’ for ‘‘section 3112 of title 38’’. Subsec. (d)(16). Pub. L. 102–237, § 903(2), (3), added cl. (16). Subsec. (g)(5). Pub. L. 102–237, § 904, inserted at end ‘‘A resource shall be so identified if its sale or other dis- position is unlikely to produce any significant amount of funds for the support of the household. The Sec- retary shall not require the State agency to require verification of the value of a resource to be excluded under this paragraph unless the State agency deter- mines that the information provided by the household is questionable.’’ Subsec. (h)(1). Pub. L. 102–237, § 941(2)(B), made tech- nical amendment to references to sections 5170a and 5192 of title 42 to reflect change in reference to cor- responding provision of original act. Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 102–237, § 905, amended subsec. (j) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (j) read as fol- lows: ‘‘Notwithstanding subsections (a) through (i) of this section, a State agency may consider the resources of a household member who receives supplemental se- curity income benefits under title XVI of the Social Se- curity Act, aid to the aged, blind, or disabled under title I, X, XIV, or XVI of the Social Security Act or who receives benefits under a State plan approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) and whose income does not exceed the applicable income standard of eligibility described in subsection (c)(2) of this section to be exempt for pur- poses of satisfying the resource limitations prescribed under subsection (g) of this section if the resources are considered exempt for purposes of such title.’’ Subsec. (k)(2)(E). Pub. L. 102–237, § 941(2)(C), realigned the margin. Subsec. (k)(2)(F). Pub. L. 102–237, § 906, inserted before semicolon at end ‘‘, if the State agency calculates a shelter allowance to be paid under the State plan sepa- rate and apart from payments for other household needs even though it may be paid in combination with other allowances in some cases’’. 1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1714(2), inserted after second sentence ‘‘Except for sections 2015, 2025(e)(1), and the third sentence of section 2012(i) of this title, households in which each member receives benefits under a State or local general assistance pro- gram that complies with standards established by the Secretary for ensuring that the program is appropriate for categorical treatment shall be eligible to partici- pate in the food stamp program.’’ Pub. L. 101–624, § 1714(1), struck out ‘‘and beginning on December 23, 1985,’’ before ‘‘households in which each member receives’’. Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1715(a)(1), inserted ‘‘(A)’’ after ‘‘the like’’ and substituted ‘‘(including the rental or purchase of any equipment, materials, and supplies required to pursue the course of study in- volved) at a recognized institution of post-secondary education, at a school for the handicapped, in a voca- tional education program, or in a program that pro- vides for completion of a secondary school diploma or obtaining the equivalent thereof, (B) to the extent that they do not exceed the amount made available as an al- lowance determined by such school, institution, or pro- gram for books, supplies, transportation, and other miscellaneous personal expenses (other than living ex- penses), of the student incidental to attending such school, institution, or program, and (C)’’ for ‘‘at an in- stitution of post-secondary education or school for the handicapped, and’’. Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1716, inserted ‘‘and any allowance a State agency provides no more fre- quently than annually to families with children on the occasion of those children’s entering or returning to school or child care for the purpose of obtaining school clothes (except that no such allowance shall be ex- cluded if the State agency reduces monthly assistance to families with dependent children under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) in the month for which the allowance is provided)’’ after ‘‘household’’. Pub. L. 101–624, § 1715(a)(2), inserted ‘‘and’’ after ‘‘1988),’’, struck out ‘‘non-Federal’’ after ‘‘no portion of any’’, and struck out ‘‘and no portion of any Federal educational loan on which payment is deferred, grant, scholarship, fellowship, veterans’ benefits, and the like to the extent it provides income assistance beyond that used for tuition and mandatory school fees,’’ before ‘‘shall be considered such reimbursement’’. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1717, inserted before pe- riod at end of last sentence ‘‘, shall rely on reasonable estimates of the member’s expected medical expenses for the certification period (including changes that can be reasonably anticipated based on available informa- tion about the member’s medical condition, public or private medical insurance coverage, and the current verified medical expenses incurred by the member), and shall not require further reporting or verification of a change in medical expenses if such a change has been anticipated for the certification period’’. Pub. L. 101–624, § 1715(b), inserted ‘‘, amounts made available and excluded for the expenses under sub- section (d)(3) of this section,’’ after ‘‘third party’’ in fourth sentence. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1718(a), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as fol- lows: ‘‘(A) Households not required to submit monthly re- ports of their income and household circumstances under section 2015(c)(1) of this title shall have their in- come calculated on a prospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(A). ‘‘(B) Households required to submit monthly reports of their income and household circumstances under section 2015(c)(1) of this title shall have their income calculated on a retrospective basis, as provided in para- graph (3)(B), except that in the case of the first month, or at the option of the State the first and second months, in a continuous period in which a household is certified, the State agency shall determine the amount of benefits on the basis of the household’s income and other relevant circumstances in such first or second month.’’ Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1726(b)(2), inserted before period at end of par. (3) ‘‘and nonliquid resources nec- essary to allow the household to carry out a plan for self-sufficiency approved by the State agency that con- stitutes adequate participation in an employment and training program under section 2015(d) of this title’’. Pub. L. 101–624, § 1719(1), designated first through fourth sentences as pars. (1) to (4), respectively, and added par. (5). Subsec. (h)(3). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1720, added par. (3). Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1719(2), substituted ‘‘the resources of a household member who receives supple- mental security income benefits under title XVI of the Social Security Act, aid to the aged, blind, or disabled under title I, X, XIV, or XVI of the Social Security Act or who receives’’ for ‘‘a household in which all members of the household receive’’ and ‘‘be exempt for purposes of satisfying the resource limitations prescribed under subsection (g) of this section if the resources are con- sidered exempt for purposes of such title’’ for ‘‘have satisfied the resource limitations prescribed under sub- section (g) of this section’’. Subsec. (k)(2)(F). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1721, added subpar. (F) and struck out former subpar. (F) which read as fol- lows: ‘‘housing assistance payments made to a third party on behalf of a household residing in temporary housing if the temporary housing unit provided for the household as a result of such assistance payments lacks facilities for the preparation and cooking of hot meals or the refrigerated storage of food for home consump- tion; or’’. Page 1261 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Subsec. (k)(2)(H). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1722, added subpar. (H). 1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–435, § 201, struck out ‘‘during the period’’ before ‘‘beginning on December 23, 1985’’ and ‘‘and ending on September 30, 1989’’ after ‘‘be- ginning on December 23, 1985,’’. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 100–435, § 340(2), inserted ‘‘(not- withstanding its conversion in whole or in part to di- rect payments to households pursuant to any dem- onstration project carried out or authorized under Fed- eral law including demonstration projects created by the waiver of provisions of Federal law)’’ after ‘‘to a household’’. Pub. L. 100–435, § 340(1), which directed that ‘‘and ex- cept as provided in subsection (k),’’ be struck out was executed by striking out ‘‘except as provided in sub- section (k),’’ as the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 100–435, § 404(f), inserted ‘‘(ex- cept for payments or reimbursements for such expenses made under an employment, education, or training pro- gram initiated under such title after September 19, 1988)’’ after ‘‘child care expenses’’. Subsec. (d)(8). Pub. L. 100–232 inserted ‘‘cash dona- tions based on need that are received from one or more private nonprofit charitable organizations, but not in excess of $300 in the aggregate in a quarter,’’ after ‘‘or credits,’’. Subsec. (d)(11). Pub. L. 100–435, § 343, substituted ‘‘al- lowances made for the purpose of providing energy as- sistance (A) under any Federal law, or (B) under any State or local laws, designated’’ for ‘‘allowances made under (A) any Federal law for the purpose of providing energy assistance, or (B) any State or local laws for the purpose of providing energy assistance, designated’’. Subsec. (d)(14). Pub. L. 100–435, § 402, added cl. (14). Subsec. (d)(15). Pub. L. 100–435, § 403(a), added cl. (15). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–435, § 403(b), in fourth sentence inserted ‘‘and expenses that are paid under section 2015(d)(4)(I) of this title for dependent care’’ after ‘‘third party’’ and substituted ‘‘$160 a month for each dependent’’ for ‘‘$160 a month’’. Pub. L. 100–435, § 351, inserted provisions at end re- specting method of claiming recurring medical expense deduction. Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 100–435, § 341, inserted provi- sions relating to permitted averaging of income and ex- penses in calculation of household income from mem- ber self-employed in farming operation and substituted ‘‘first’’ for ‘‘preceding’’. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 100–435, § 202(a), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: ‘‘(A) Household income for— ‘‘(i) migrant farmworker households, and ‘‘(ii) households— ‘‘(I) that have no earned income, and ‘‘(II) in which all adult members are elderly or disabled members, shall be calculated on a prospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(A). ‘‘(B) Household income for households that are per- mitted to report household circumstances at specified intervals less frequent than monthly under the first sentence of section 2015(c)(1) of this title, may, with the approval of the Secretary, be calculated by a State agency on a prospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(A) of this subsection. ‘‘(C) Except as provided in subparagraphs (A) and (B), household income for households that have earned in- come and for households that include any member who has recent work history shall be calculated on a retro- spective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(B). ‘‘(D) Household income for all other households may be calculated, at the option of the State agency, on a prospective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(A) or on a retrospective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(B).’’ Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 100–435, § 342, inserted provisions at end relating to exclusion of farm property from fi- nancial resources. Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 100–707 substituted ‘‘sections 5170a and 5192’’ for ‘‘section 5142(a)’’. Subsec. (k)(2)(E) to (G). Pub. L. 100–387 added subpar. (E) and redesignated former subpars. (E) and (F) as (F) and (G), respectively. 1987—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–77, § 803(a), inserted ‘‘shall be adjusted each October 1 and’’ after first ref- erence to ‘‘eligibility’’. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–77, § 804(a), in second sentence substituted ‘‘(3)’’ for ‘‘and (3)’’ and ‘‘October 1, 1986’’ for ‘‘each October 1 thereafter’’, and inserted cl. (4). Pub. L. 100–77, § 805(a), inserted at end of third sen- tence ‘‘, except that such additional deduction shall not be allowed with respect to earned income that a household willfully or fraudulently fails (as proven in a proceeding provided for in section 2015(b) of this title) to report in a timely manner’’. Pub. L. 100–77, § 806(a), amended proviso in fourth sen- tence generally. Prior to amendment, the proviso read as follows: ‘‘That the amount of such excess shelter ex- pense deduction shall not exceed $147 a month in the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Co- lumbia, and shall not exceed, in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States, $256, $210, $179, and $109 a month, respectively, adjusted on Octo- ber 1, 1986, and on each October 1 thereafter, to the nearest lower dollar increment to reflect changes in the shelter (exclusive of homeowners’ costs and main- tenance and repair component of shelter costs), fuel, and utilities components of housing costs in the Con- sumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as appropriately ad- justed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics after consulta- tion with the Secretary, for the twelve months ending the preceding June 30.’’ Subsec. (k)(2). Pub. L. 100–77, § 807, temporarily added subpar. (E) and redesignated former subpar. (E) as (F). See Effective and Termination Dates of 1987 Amend- ment note below. 1986—Subsec. (e)(B). Pub. L. 99–500 and Pub. L. 99–591 substituted ‘‘contained in clause (1)’’ for ‘‘for the excess shelter expense deduction contained in clause (2)’’. 1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1507(a)(1), inserted sentence providing that, notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter except sections 2015(b), 2015(d)(2), and 2015(g) and the third sentence of section 2012(i) of this title, and during the period beginning on December 23, 1985, and ending on September 30, 1989, households in which each member receives benefits under a State plan approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act, supplemental security income benefits under title XVI of the Social Security Act, or aid to the aged, blind, or disabled under title I, X, XIV, or XVI of the Social Security Act, shall be eligible to participate in the food stamp program. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1508(1), inserted ‘‘ex- cept as provided in subsection (k) of this section,’’ after ‘‘payable directly to a household,’’. Such amendment was duplicated exactly by section 1509(a)(1) of Pub. L. 99–198 except that the amendment by section 1509(a)(1) inserted an ‘‘and’’ at beginning of phrase inserted. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(a)(1), which directed that ‘‘and except as provided in subsection (k) of this section,’’ be inserted after ‘‘payable directly to a household,’’, was not executed to text because it exactly duplicates the amendment made by section 1508(1) of Pub. L. 99–198 ex- cept that the amendment by section 1508(1) of Pub. L. 99–198 does not contain the ‘‘and’’ at beginning of phrase inserted. Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(a)(2), substituted ‘‘post-secondary education’’ for ‘‘higher education’’ and inserted ‘‘and to the extent loans include any obliga- tion fees and insurance premiums,’’. Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(a)(3), inserted ‘‘no portion of any non-Federal educational loan on which payment is deferred, grant, scholarship, fellowship, vet- erans’ benefits, and the like that are provided for living expenses, and no portion of any Federal educational loan on which payment is deferred, grant, scholarship, fellowship, veterans’ benefits, and the like to the ex- tent it provides income assistance beyond that used for tuition and mandatory school fees,’’ after ‘‘child care expenses,’’. Page 1262 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Subsec. (d)(9). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(a)(4), inserted ‘‘, but household income that otherwise is included under this subsection shall be reduced by the extent that the cost of producing self-employment income ex- ceeds the income derived from self-employment as a farmer’’. Subsec. (d)(10). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(a)(5), inserted ‘‘except as otherwise provided in subsection (k) of this section’’. Subsec. (d)(13). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1510(1), added cl. (13). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(1), substituted ‘‘homeowners’ costs and maintenance and repair com- ponent’’ for ‘‘homeownership component’’ in second sentence. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(2), substituted ‘‘20 per centum’’ for ‘‘18 per centum’’ in third sentence. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(3)(B), in cl. (1) of the fourth sen- tence substituted ‘‘$160 a month’’ for ‘‘the same as that for the excess shelter expense deduction contained in clause (2) of this subsection’’. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(3)(C), substituted ‘‘and (2)’’ for ‘‘, or (2)’’ in fourth sentence. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(3)(A), amended proviso in cl. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, proviso read as follows: ‘‘That the amount of such excess shelter expense deduc- tion shall not exceed $115 a month in the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Columbia, and shall not exceed, in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Vir- gin Islands of the United States, $200, $165, $140, and $85, respectively, adjusted (i) on October 1, 1983, to the near- est lower dollar increment to reflect changes in the shelter (exclusive of homeownership costs), fuel, and utilities components of housing costs in the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as appropriately adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics after consultation with the Secretary, for the fifteen months ending the preceding March 31, (ii) on October 1, 1984, to the near- est lower dollar increment to reflect such changes for the fifteen months ending the preceding June 30, and (iii) on October 1, 1985, and each October 1 thereafter, to the nearest lower dollar increment to reflect such changes for the twelve months ending the preceding June 30,’’. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(3)(D), in fourth sentence struck out ‘‘, or (3) a deduction combining the dependent care and excess shelter expense deductions under clauses (1) and (2) of this subsection, the maximum allowable level of which shall not exceed the maximum allowable de- duction under clause (2) of this subsection, on January 1, 1981, adjusted to the nearest $5 increment to reflect such changes for the eighteen-month period ending the preceding September 30, and, on January 1, 1982, ad- justed to the nearest $5 to reflect such changes for the twelve months ending the preceding September 30 and the subsequent three months ending December 31 as projected by the Secretary in light of the best available data, and, on every January 1 thereafter, adjusted an- nually to the nearest $5 increment to reflect such changes for the nine months ending the preceding Sep- tember 30 and the subsequent three months ending De- cember 31 projected by the Secretary in light of the best available data’’. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1511(4), inserted five new sentences after the existing seventh sentence beginning, respec- tively, ‘‘If a State agency’’, ‘‘A State agency may use’’, ‘‘A State agency not electing’’, ‘‘For purposes of’’, and ‘‘A State agency shall allow’’, thereby repositioning ex- isting sentence beginning ‘‘Households containing an elderly or disabled member’’ to a new position as 13th sentence of subsec. (e). Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1512, inserted sen- tence at end providing that notwithstanding preceding sentence, if the averaged amount does not accurately reflect the household’s actual monthly circumstances because the household has experienced a substantial in- crease or decrease in business earnings, the State agen- cy shall calculate the self-employment income based on anticipated earnings. Subsec. (f)(2)(A). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1513(a)(1), amended subpar. (A) generally, inserting reference to households that have no earned income and in which all adult members are elderly or disabled members. Subsec. (f)(2)(B). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1513(a)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘households that are permitted to report household circumstances at specified intervals less fre- quent than monthly under the first sentence of section 2015(c)(1) of this title, may, with the approval’’ for ‘‘households that (i) are permitted to report household circumstances at specified intervals less frequent than monthly under section 2015(c)(1) of this title, (ii) have no earned income and in which all adult members are elderly or disabled members, or (iii) are any other households, other than a migrant household, not re- quired to report monthly or at less frequent intervals under section 2015(c)(1) of this title, may, with the ap- proval’’. Subsec. (f)(2)(C). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1513(a)(3), sub- stituted ‘‘Except as provided in subparagraphs (A) and (B), household income for households that have earned income and for households that include any member who has recent work history shall be calculated on a retrospective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(B)’’ for ‘‘Household income for all other households shall be calculated on a retrospective basis as provided in para- graph (3)(B)’’. Subsec. (f)(2)(D). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1513(a)(3), added sub- par. (D). Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1514(1), substituted ‘‘$2,000, or, in the case of a household which consists of or includes a member who is 60 years of age or older, if its resources exceed $3,000’’ for ‘‘$1,500, or, in the case of a household consisting of two or more persons, one of whom is age 60 or over, if its resources exceed $3,000’’. Pub. L. 99–198, § 1514(2), (3), inserted in second sen- tence ‘‘and inaccessible resources’’ after ‘‘relating to li- censed vehicles’’ and ‘‘and any other property, real or personal, to the extent that it is directly related to the maintenance or use of such vehicle’’ after ‘‘physically disabled household member’’, and inserted provision di- recting the Secretary to exclude from financial re- sources the value of a burial plot for each member of a household. Subsec. (h)(2). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1515, amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: ‘‘The Secretary shall establish a Food Stamp Disaster Task Force, to assist States in implementing and oper- ating the disaster program, which shall be available to go into a disaster area and provide direct assistance to State and local officials.’’ Subsec. (k)(1), (2). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1508(2), added sub- sec. (k) consisting of pars. (1) and (2). Subsec. (k)(3). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(b), added par. (3). Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1509(c), added subsec. (l). Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 99–198, § 1510(2), added subsec. (m). 1983—Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 98–204 added subpar. (B), and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (C). 1982—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–253, §§ 145(c), 146(a), sub- stituted provisions that the income standards of eligi- bility shall render a household ineligible for food stamps if the household’s income, after certain exclu- sions and deductions, exceeds the poverty line, or, in the case of a household not including an elderly or dis- abled member (after the exclusions provided for in sub- sec. (d) but before the deductions provided for in sub- sec. (e)) exceeds such poverty line by more than 30 per centum, for former provisions that the income stand- ards of eligibility were, for households containing a member who was sixty years of age or over or a mem- ber who received supplemental security income bene- fits under title XVI of the Social Security Act or dis- ability and blindness payments under titles I, II, X, XIV, and XVI of the Social Security Act, 100 per cen- tum, and for all other households, 130 per centum, of the nonfarm income poverty guidelines prescribed by the Office of Management and Budget adjusted annu- ally pursuant to section 2971d of title 42, for the forty- eight States and the District of Columbia, Alaska, Ha- waii, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and Guam, respectively. Page 1263 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 Subsec. (d)(12). Pub. L. 97–253, § 147, added cl. (12). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–253, §§ 143(b), 145(d), 146(b), 148, 149, in first sentence substituted reference for house- holds containing an elderly or disabled member for ref- erence to households described in subsec. (c)(1) of this section, substituted reference to October 1, 1983, for ref- erence to July 1, 1983, and reference to the nearest lower dollar increment for reference to the nearest $5 increment, respectively, wherever appearing in second sentence and in the proviso of cl. (2) of fourth sentence, respectively, in fourth and seventh sentences and in par. (A) substituted reference to elderly or disabled members for references to members who were sixty years of age or over or who received supplemental secu- rity income benefits under title XVI of the Social Secu- rity Act or disability and blindness payments under ti- tles I, II, X, XIV, and XVI of the Social Security Act, in par. (B) substituted reference to the fourth sentence of this subsection for former reference to the preceding sentence of this subsection, and inserted provisions that in computing the excess shelter expense deduction under cl. (2) of the preceding sentence, a State agency may use a standard utility allowance in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Secretary, except that a State agency may use an allowance which does not fluctuate within a year to reflect seasonal vari- ations, and that an allowance for a heating or cooling expense may not be used for a household that does not incur a heating or cooling expense, as the case may be, or does incur a heating or cooling expense but is lo- cated in a public housing unit which has central utility meters and charges households, with regard to such ex- pense, only for excess utility costs, and that no such al- lowance may be used for a household that shares such expense with, and lives with, another individual not participating in the food stamp program, another household participating in the food stamp program, or both, unless the allowance is prorated between the household and the other individual, household, or both. Subsec. (f)(2)(A). Pub. L. 97–253, § 189(a), corrected a typographical error by substituting ‘‘prospective’’ for ‘‘propsective’’. Subsec. (f)(4). Pub. L. 97–253, § 150, inserted ‘‘(except the provisions of paragraph (2)(A))’’ after ‘‘of this sub- section’’. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–253, §§ 151, 152(a), substituted ‘‘June 1, 1982’’ for ‘‘June 1, 1977’’, substituted ‘‘any li- censed vehicle’’ for ‘‘and any licensed vehicle’’, struck out the designation ‘‘(1)’’ before ‘‘include in financial resources’’, substituted ‘‘$4,500, and, regardless of whether there is a penalty for early withdrawal, any savings or retirement accounts (including individual accounts).’’ for ‘‘$4,500,’’ and struck out provision re- quiring the Secretary to study and develop means of improving the effectiveness of the resource require- ments adopted under this subsection in limiting par- ticipation to households in need of food assistance, and implement and report the results of such study and the Secretary’s plans to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate no later than June 1, 1978. Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 97–253, § 153, added subsec. (j). 1981—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–35, § 116(a)(1), struck out reference to Puerto Rico. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–35, §§ 104(a)(1), 116(a)(1), added cls. (1) and (2) and struck out reference to Puerto Rico. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 97–98, §§ 1305, 1306, inserted in cl. (5) a proviso that no portion of benefits provided under title IV–A of the Social Security Act, to the extent it is attributable to an adjustment for work-related or child care expenses, be considered such reimbursement, substituted in cl. (10) ‘‘any other Federal law’’ for ‘‘any other law’’, and inserted in cl. (11) provision requiring that State and local laws be designated as energy as- sistance and determined by the Secretary to be cal- culated as if provided on a seasonal basis for an aggre- gate period not to exceed six months in any year even if not so provided on such basis. Pub. L. 97–35, §§ 107(c), 2611, struck out ‘‘(2)’’ after ‘‘(f)’’ in cl. (2), struck out cl. (10) relating to increased home energy costs during fiscal year 1981, and redesig- nated cl. (11), relating to income specifically excluded from consideration by any other law, as cl. (10). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–98, § 1307, inserted ‘‘, with re- spect to expenses other than expenses paid on behalf of the household by a third party,’’ after ‘‘entitled’’ in two places. Pub. L. 97–35, §§ 104(a)(2), 105, 106, 115, 116(a)(1), com- pletely revised and reorganized provisions to provide for computation of standard deduction of $85 per month instead of standard deduction of $60 per month and ac- companying determinations respecting adjustments, applicability, etc., for computation. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97–35, § 107(a), completely revised and reorganized provisions to provide for calculation of household income through a prospective or retrospec- tive basis instead of calculation of household income by the State agency, and accompanying determination respecting criteria, methodologies, etc., for calcula- tion. Subsec. (f)(2)(B). Pub. L. 97–35, § 107(b), substituted provisions requiring calculation on a retrospective basis, for provisions requiring calculation on either a retrospective or prospective basis as elected by the State agency. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97–98, § 1309, inserted ‘‘(other than those relating to licensed vehicles)’’ after ‘‘June 1, 1977’’. Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 97–98, § 1308, added subsec. (i). 1980—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96–249, § 137, struck out pro- visions requiring that the income poverty guidelines for the period commencing July 1, 1978, be made as up to date as possible by multiplying the income poverty guidelines for 1977 by the change between the average 1977 Consumer Price Index and the Consumer Price Index for March 1978, utilizing the most current proce- dures which have been used by the Office of Manage- ment and Budget, and that the income poverty guide- lines for future periods be similarly adjusted. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–249, §§ 102, 112, inserted in cl. (2) ‘‘subject to modification by the Secretary in light of subsection (f)(2) of this section,’’ after ‘‘quarter,’’ and added cl. (11), relating to energy assistance payments or allowances. Pub. L. 96–223 added cl. (10) and redesignated former cl. (10), relating to income specifically excluded from consideration by any other law, as cl. (11). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–249, §§ 103, 136, substituted pro- visions requiring that the standard deduction be ad- justed every Jan. 1 to the nearest $5 to reflect changes in the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers for items other than food for the last 12 months ending the preceding Sept. 30 for provisions requiring that the standard deduction be adjusted every July 1 and Jan. 1 and provisions requiring that the excess shelter ex- pense deduction be adjusted every Jan. 1 to the nearest $5 increment to reflect changes in the shelter, fuel, and utilities components of housing costs in the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers for provisions re- quiring that the excess shelter expense deduction be ad- justed annually as of July 1. Pub. L. 96–249, §§ 104, 105, increased monthly max- imum deduction per household for dependent care ex- penses related to employment, or employment related training or education from $75 to $90, decreased the threshold amount of the excess medical expense for the elderly, blind, and disabled from $35 to $25, and ex- tended availability of the excess medical expense de- duction to blind and disabled persons and their spouses in Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands, when they receive cash welfare payments through programs equivalent to the Social Security Income program. See Repeals note below. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96–249, § 107, inserted provisions giving States the option of determining program eligi- bility and benefits by using income received in a pre- vious month, following standards prescribed by the Secretary. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 96–249, §§ 108, 138, substituted ‘‘$1,500’’ for ‘‘$1,750’’, inserted ‘‘or that is necessary for Page 1264 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 transportation of a physically disabled household mem- ber’’ after ‘‘used to produce earned income’’, and struck out ‘‘or to transport disabled household members’’ after ‘‘or continue employment’’. 1979—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–58 inserted provisions al- lowing for an excess medical expense deduction, a de- pendent care deduction, and an excess shelter expense deduction for elderly persons and persons receiving supplemental security income benefits or disability payments under the Social Security Act. 1977—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–113 substituted reference to a more nutritious diet for reference to a nutrition- ally adequate diet, inserted provision that assistance under the program be furnished to all eligible house- holds making application for participation, inserted reference to other financial resources held singly or in joint ownership, and struck out provisions excepting the limitation of the section in the case of disaster vic- tims. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–113 inserted parenthetical ref- erence to income standards for Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands of the United States established pursuant to subsecs. (c) and (e) of this section, inserted provision that no State agency may impose standards for participation in the program additional to those meeting the eligibility standards established by the Secretary, and struck out provisions that had dealt with specific areas of income and finan- cial resources for eligible households. See subsecs. (d) to (h). Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–113 substituted provisions cov- ering guidelines with regard to income standards for provisions covering employment of able-bodied adults in eligible households. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95–113 substituted provisions specifying the specific items making up household in- come for provisions that required that the Secretary establish uniform national standards. Subsecs. (e) to (h). Pub. L. 95–113 added subsecs. (e) to (h). 1973—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 93–86, § 3(g), (h), inserted provisos relating to payments in kind received from an employer by members of a household as bearing upon the promulgation of uniform national standards, provi- sion limiting the authority of the Secretary to estab- lish temporary emergency standards of eligibility to the duration of the emergency, and the provision au- thorizing such standards for households that are vic- tims of a mechanical disaster disrupting the distribu- tion of coupons. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 93–86, § 3(e), inserted definition of ‘‘able-bodied adult person’’. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 93–86, § 3(d), added subsec. (d). 1971—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 91–671 inserted introductory phrase ‘‘Except for the temporary participation of households that are victims of a disaster as provided in subsection (b) of this section’’ and provision respecting other financial resources as being a limitation factor and substituted ‘‘in permitting them to purchase’’ for ‘‘in the attainment of’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91–671 substituted provisions for establishment of uniform national standards of eligi- bility for participation by households in the food stamp program and minimum criteria of eligibility, ineligi- bility of any household which includes a member claimed as a dependent child for Federal income tax purposes by a taxpayer who is not a member of an eligi- ble household, temporary emergency standards of eligi- bility, and special standards of eligibility and coupon allotment schedules in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Is- lands, not exceeding standards of eligibility or coupon allotment schedules of the States for prior establish- ment of standards of eligibility by the State agency, in- cluding maximum income limitations and limitation on resources to be allowed eligible households, and ap- proval of such standards by the Secretary. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 91–671 added subsec. (c). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2014 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 113–128 effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor. Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, § 4006(c), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 787, provided that: ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), this section [amending this section and section 8624 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] and the amendments made by this section shall— ‘‘(A) take effect 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Feb. 7, 2014]; and ‘‘(B) apply with respect to certification periods that begin after that date. ‘‘(2) STATE OPTION TO DELAY IMPLEMENTATION FOR CUR- RENT RECIPIENTS.—A State may, at the option of the State, implement a policy that eliminates or reduces the effect of the amendments made by this section on households that received a standard utility allowance as of the date of enactment of this Act, for not more than a 5-month period beginning on the date on which the amendments would otherwise apply to the respec- tive household.’’ Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, § 4008(c), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 788, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this sec- tion [amending this section and section 2015 of this title] shall not apply to a conviction if the conviction is for conduct occurring on or before the date of enact- ment of this Act [Feb. 7, 2014].’’ Pub. L. 113–79, title IV, § 4022(c)(1), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 808, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 2025 and 2026 of this title] (other than the amendments made by subsection (a)(2) [amending section 2025 of this title]) shall apply beginning on the date of enactment of this Act [Feb. 7, 2014].’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as other- wise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title. Amendment by sections 4001(b), 4002(a)(2), 4101–4104, and 4115(b)(3) of Pub. L. 110–246 effective Oct. 1, 2008, see section 4407 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 1161 of Title 2, The Congress. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 107–171, title IV, § 4108(b), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 309, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this section [amending this section] take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [May 13, 2002].’’ Pub. L. 107–171, title IV, § 4401(b)(3), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 333, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section and sections 1612, 1613, and 1631 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality] take effect on October 1, 2003.’’ Amendment by sections 4101–4107 and 4112(b)(2) of Pub. L. 107–171 effective Oct. 1, 2002, except as otherwise provided, see section 4405 of Pub. L. 107–171, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1161 of Title 2, The Congress. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2000 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 106–387, § 1(a) [title VIII, § 846(b)], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–66, provided that: ‘‘(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amend- ment made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on March 1, 2001. ‘‘(2) The amendment made by this section shall not apply with respect to certification periods beginning before March 1, 2001.’’ Pub. L. 106–387, § 1(a) [title VIII, § 847(b)], Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–66, provided that: Page 1265 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 ‘‘(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amend- ments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on July 1, 2001. ‘‘(2) The amendments made by this section shall not apply with respect to certification periods beginning before July 1, 2001.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(d)(2)(A)] of Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 21, 1998, and amendment by section 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(f)(2)(A)] of Pub. L. 105–277 effective July 1, 2000, see section 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(g)(1), (2)(B)] of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as a note under section 3502 of Title 5, Government Organi- zation and Employees. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 109(a) of Pub. L. 104–193 effec- tive July 1, 1997, with transition rules relating to State options to accelerate such date, rules relating to claims, actions, and proceedings commenced before such date, rules relating to closing out of accounts for terminated or substantially modified programs and continuance in office of Assistant Secretary for Family Support, and provisions relating to termination of enti- tlement under AFDC program, see section 116 of Pub. L. 104–193, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note under section 601 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1993 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 13923 of Pub. L. 103–66 effec- tive, and to be implemented beginning on, Oct. 1, 1993, see section 13971(a) of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under section 2025 of this title. Amendment by section 13912(a), (b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–66 effective, and to be implemented beginning on, July 1, 1994, see section 13971(b)(3) of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under section 2025 of this title. Amendment by sections 13911, 13913 to 13915, 13922(a), and 13924 of Pub. L. 103–66 effective, and to be imple- mented beginning on, Sept. 1, 1994, see section 13971(b)(4) of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under sec- tion 2025 of this title. Amendment by section 13921 of Pub. L. 103–66 effec- tive, and to be implemented beginning on, Sept. 1, 1994, except that State agencies to implement such amend- ment not later than Oct. 1, 1995, see section 13971(b)(5) of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under section 2025 of this title. Amendment by section 13912(b)(2) of Pub. L. 103–66, ef- fective, and to be implemented beginning on, Jan. 1, 1997, see section 13971(b)(6) of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under section 2025 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1992 AMENDMENTS Amendment by Pub. L. 102–367 effective July 1, 1993, see section 701(a) of Pub. L. 102–367, formerly set out as a note under section 1501 of Title 29, Labor. Pub. L. 102–265, § 1(b), Mar. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 90, as amended by Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (D), (2)(OO), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1096, 1098; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (D), (2)(OO), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1857, 1859, provided that: ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The amendment made by sub- section (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the earlier of— ‘‘(A) December 13, 1991; ‘‘(B) October 1, 1990, for supplemental nutrition as- sistance program benefits households for which the State agency knew, or had notice, that a member of the household had a plan for achieving self-support as provided under section 1612(b)(4)(A)(iii) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1382a(b)(4)(A)(iii)); or ‘‘(C) beginning on the date that a fair hearing was requested under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) contesting the denial of an exclu- sion for supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits purposes for amounts necessary for the ful- fillment of such a plan for achieving self-support. ‘‘(2) LIMITATION ON APPLICATION OF SECTION.—Notwith- standing section 11(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020(b)), no State agency shall be required to search its files for cases to which the amendment made by subsection (a) applies, except where the ex- cludability of amounts described in section 5(d)(16) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2014(d)(16)) was raised with the State agency prior to December 13, 1991.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1991 AMENDMENT Amendment by sections 902, 903(1), (2), 904–906, and 941(2) of Pub. L. 102–237 effective and to be implemented no later than Feb. 1, 1992, and amendment by section 903(3) of Pub. L. 102–237 effective on the earlier of Dec. 13, 1991, Oct. 1, 1990, for certain supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits households, or beginning on date of request for hearing where exclusion of cer- tain amounts for supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits purposes was denied, with limitation on application of amendment, see section 1101(d)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 102–237, set out as a note under section 1421 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1990 AMENDMENT Amendment by sections 1714(1), 1715, 1717, 1719, 1720, and 1726(b)(2) of Pub. L. 101–624 effective and imple- mented first day of month beginning 120 days after pub- lication of implementing regulations to be promulgated not later than Oct. 1, 1991, amendment by section 1714(2) of Pub. L. 101–624 effective and implemented first day of month beginning 120 days after promulgation of implementing regulations to be promulgated not later than Oct. 1, 1991, in case of State general assistance program, and Apr. 1, 1992, in case of local general as- sistance program, amendment by sections 1716 and 1722 of Pub. L. 101–624 effective and implemented first day of month beginning 120 days after promulgation of imple- menting regulations to be promulgated not later than Apr. 1, 1991, amendment by section 1718(a) of Pub. L. 101–624 effective Nov. 28, 1990, and amendment by sec- tion 1721 of Pub. L. 101–624 effective Oct. 1, 1990, see sec- tion 1781 of Pub. L. 101–624, set out as a note under sec- tion 2012 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENTS Amendment by sections 201, 202(a), 403, and 404(f) of Pub. L. 100–435 to be effective and implemented on Oct. 1, 1988, amendment by sections 340 to 342 and 351 of Pub. L. 100–435 to be effective and implemented on July 1, 1989, amendment by section 343 of Pub. L. 100–435 to be effective and implemented on Sept. 19, 1988, and amend- ment by section 402 of Pub. L. 100–435 to be effective and implemented on Jan. 1, 1989, except that amend- ment by sections 201, 341, 342, 351, 402, 403, and 404(f) of Pub. L. 100–435 to become effective and implemented on Oct. 1, 1989, if final order is issued under section 902(b) of Title 2, The Congress, for fiscal year 1989 making re- ductions and sequestrations specified in the report re- quired under section 901(a)(3)(A) of Title 2, see section 701(a), (b)(1), (2), (4), (c)(2) of Pub. L. 100–435, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. Pub. L. 100–387, title V, § 501(b), Aug. 11, 1988, 102 Stat. 960, as amended by Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(JJ), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1096, 1098; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(JJ), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1857, 1859, provided that: ‘‘(1) The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 11, 1988]. ‘‘(2) The amendments made by this section shall not apply with respect to allotments issued under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 [this chapter] to any house- hold for any month beginning before the effective pe- riod of this section begins.’’ Pub. L. 100–232, § 2(b), Jan. 5, 1988, 101 Stat. 1566, pro- vided that: ‘‘(1) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Except as provided in para- graph (2), the amendment made by this section [amend- Page 1266 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2014 ing this section] shall become effective upon the date of enactment of this Act [Jan. 5, 1988]. ‘‘(2) APPLICATION OF AMENDMENT.—The amendment made by this section shall not apply with respect to al- lotments issued under the Food Stamp Act of 1977 [now the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, 7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.] to any household for any month beginning before the date of enactment of this Act.’’ EFFECTIVE AND TERMINATION DATES OF 1987 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 100–77, title VIII, § 803(b), July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 534, provided that: ‘‘The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall become effective on July 1, 1988.’’ Pub. L. 100–77, title VIII, § 804(b), July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 534, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall become effec- tive on October 1, 1987.’’ Pub. L. 100–77, title VIII, § 805(b), July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 535, provided that: ‘‘(1) The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall become effective and shall be imple- mented 45 days after the date of enactment of this Act [July 22, 1987]. ‘‘(2) The amendment made by this section shall not apply with respect to allotments issued under the Food Stamp Act of 1977 [now the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, 7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.] to any household for any month beginning before the effective date of the amendment.’’ Pub. L. 100–77, title VIII, § 806(b), July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 535, provided that: ‘‘(1) The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall become effective on October 1, 1987. ‘‘(2) The amendment made by this section shall not apply with respect to an allotment issued under the Food Stamp Act of 1977 [now the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, 7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.] to a household for a certification period beginning before October 1, 1987.’’ Pub. L. 100–77, title VIII, § 807(b), July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 535, as amended by Pub. L. 101–220, § 10, Dec. 12, 1989, 103 Stat. 1882; Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(E), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1096, 1097; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(E), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1857, 1858, provided that: ‘‘(1) The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall be effective and shall be imple- mented for the period beginning 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act [July 22, 1987] and ending Sep- tember 30, 1990. ‘‘(2) The Secretary shall adjust the level of benefits provided to households under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) during the period be- tween September 30, 1989 and the effective date of this paragraph [Dec. 12, 1989] to ensure that the level of such benefits is no less than the level determined in accord- ance with the provisions of section 5(k)(2)(F) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 [7 U.S.C. 2014(k)(2)(F)]. ‘‘(3) The amendments made by this section shall not apply with respect to allotments issued under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 [this chapter] to any house- hold for any month beginning before the effective pe- riod of this section begins.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1986 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(a) [title VI, § 638(b)], Oct. 18, 1986, 100 Stat. 1783, 1783–35, and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(a) [title VI, § 638(b)], Oct. 30, 1986, 100 Stat. 3341, 3341–35, provided that: ‘‘(1) Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this sec- tion] shall become effective 30 days after the date of en- actment of this Act [Oct. 18, 1986]. ‘‘(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), the amend- ment made by subsection (a) shall not apply to an al- lotment issued to any eligible household under the Food Stamp Act of 1977 [now the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008] (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) for any month begin- ning before the effective date of this subsection. ‘‘(3) If a State elected before the date of enactment of this Act to compute household income in accordance with section 5(e) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 [now the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008] (7 U.S.C. 2014(e)) (as amended by subsection (a)), the amendment made by subsection (a) shall become effective on May 1, 1986.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1985 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 99–198, title XV, §§ 1511(2), (3), 1514(1), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1570, 1572, provided that the amendments made by sections 1511(2), (3) and 1514(1) are effective May 1, 1986. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1982 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 97–253 effective Sept. 8, 1982, see section 193(a) of Pub. L. 97–253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1981 AMENDMENTS Amendment by Pub. L. 97–35, except section 107(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 (which amended this section), effective on earlier of Sept. 8, 1982, or date such amendment became effective pursuant to section 117 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title, see section 192(a) of Pub. L. 97–253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective on earlier of Sept. 8, 1982, or date such amendment became effective pursuant to section 1338 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. See section 192(b) of Pub. L. 97–253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective upon such date as Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe, taking into account need for orderly implementation, see section 1338 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. Pub. L. 97–35, title I, § 116(a), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 364, provided that the amendment made by section 116(a) is effective July 1, 1982. Amendment by sections 104(a), 105, 106, 107(a), (c), and 115 of Pub. L. 97–35 effective and implemented upon such dates as Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe, taking into account need for orderly implementation, see section 117 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. Pub. L. 97–35, title I, § 107(b), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 361, provided that the amendment made by section 107(b) is effective Oct. 1, 1983. Pub. L. 97–35, title XXVI, § 2611, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 902, provided that the amendment made by section 2611 is effective Oct. 1, 1981. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 96–249, title I, §§ 104–106, May 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 358, provided that the amendments made by sections 104 to 106 are effective Oct. 1, 1981. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1979 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 96–58 to be implemented in all States by Jan. 1, 1980, but not to affect the rights or li- abilities of Secretary, States, and applicant or partici- pant households under provisions of this chapter as in effect on July 1, 1979, until implemented, see section 10(a) of Pub. L. 96–58, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1977 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 95–113, title XIII, § 1301, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 958, provided that the amendments made by section 1301 are effective Oct. 1, 1977. INAPPLICABILITY OF SUBSECTION (j) BETWEEN DECEMBER 23, 1985, AND SEPTEMBER 30, 1989 Pub. L. 99–198, title XV, § 1507(a), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1568, provided that during the period beginning on Dec. 23, 1985, and ending on Sept. 30, 1989, subsec. (j) of this section would not apply. Page 1267 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 2015 REPEALS Sections 104 and 105 of Pub. L. 96–249, cited as a credit to this section, were repealed by Pub. L. 97–35, title I, § 115, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 364. Section 313(c)(2) of Pub. L. 96–223, cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–35, title XXVI, § 2611, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 902, effective Oct. 1, 1981. CALCULATION OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME Pub. L. 101–624, title XVII, § 1718(b), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3785, as amended by Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(KK), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1096, 1098; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(KK), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1857, 1859, provided that: ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provi- sion of law, during the period beginning October 1, 1988, and ending on the first day of the first month begin- ning at least 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Nov. 28, 1990], a State agency may elect to im- plement the amendment to section 5(f)(2) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2014(f)(2)) made by section 202(a) of the Hunger Prevention Act of 1988 (Public Law 100–435; 102 Stat. 1656) (with respect to the requirement that income be calculated on a prospective basis in the case of households that are not required to report monthly on their income and household cir- cumstances). ‘‘(2) PAYMENT ERROR RATES.—Notwithstanding section 16(c) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(c)), during the period referred to in paragraph (1), errors resulting solely from implementation by a State agency of the amendment referred to in paragraph (1) shall not be included in payment error rates deter- mined under section 16(c) of such Act.’’ STUDY AND REPORT TO CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES ON IMPLEMENTATION OF AMENDMENT TO SUBSECTION (a) BY PUB. L. 99–198 Pub. L. 99–198, title XV, § 1507(c), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1568, directed the Secretary of Agriculture to evaluate the implementation of the amendment made to subsec. (a) of this section by Pub. L. 99–198, § 1507(a), and sub- mit a report summarizing the results of such evalua- tion to Committees of Congress not later than 2 years after Dec. 23, 1985. STUDY AND REPORT RESPECTING RESTRICTING BENEFITS OF FOOD STAMP PROGRAM BASED ON VALUE OF AS- SETS OF PARTICIPANTS Pub. L. 96–243, May 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 345, directed the Department of Agriculture to study the effects of regu- lations which would limit benefits to participants in the food stamp program based upon value of the par- ticipants’ assets, to recommend an appropriate level of asset value which would deny or reduce benefits to a participant and analyze the impacts of such a restric- tion, to consider appropriate exemptions to this re- striction, to analyze the administrative burden which this will impose upon the States, and to report to Con- gress its findings in this matter not later than Jan. 15, 1981. STUDY AND REPORT OF IMPACT AND ADVISABILITY OF COUNTING FOR INCOME ELIGIBILITY IN FOOD STAMP PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL LOANS, ETC. RECEIVED BY IN- DIVIDUAL OR HOUSEHOLD Pub. L. 96–243, May 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 345, provided for the Secretary of Agriculture to study the impact and advisability of counting, for the purposes of income in determining eligibility: all educational loans on which payment is deferred; grants, fellowships, scholarships, and veteran’s educational benefits used for the pay- ment of tuition and mandatory fees at any educational institution of higher learning; and all housing subsidies including, but not limited to payments made by an out- side party on behalf of an individual or household, and further provided for the Department of Agriculture to report to Congress its findings in this matter not later than Jan. 15, 1981. § 2014a. Notice of change in State of residence of certified household Beginning on May 5, 2017, in fiscal year 2017 and each fiscal year hereafter, notwithstanding any other provision of law, a household certified to participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is required to report in a manner prescribed by the Secretary if the household no longer resides in the State in which it is certified. (Pub. L. 115–31, div. A, title VII, § 744, May 5, 2017, 131 Stat. 175.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was enacted as part of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Re- lated Agencies Appropriations Act, 2017, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017, and not as part of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 which comprises this chapter. § 2015. Eligibility disqualifications (a) Additional specific conditions rendering indi- viduals ineligible In addition to meeting the standards of eligi- bility prescribed in section 2014 of this title, households and individuals who are members of eligible households must also meet and comply with the specific requirements of this section to be eligible for participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. (b) Fraud and misrepresentation; disqualifica- tion penalties; ineligibility period; applicable procedures (1) Any person who has been found by any State or Federal court or administrative agency to have intentionally (A) made a false or mis- leading statement, or misrepresented, concealed or withheld facts, or (B) committed any act that constitutes a violation of this chapter, the regu- lations issued thereunder, or any State statute, for the purpose of using, presenting, transfer- ring, acquiring, receiving, or possessing program benefits shall, immediately upon the rendering of such determination, become ineligible for fur- ther participation in the program— (i) for a period of 1 year upon the first occa- sion of any such determination; (ii) for a period of 2 years upon— (I) the second occasion of any such deter- mination; or (II) the first occasion of a finding by a Fed- eral, State, or local court of the trading of a controlled substance (as defined in section 802 of title 21) for benefits; and (iii) permanently upon— (I) the third occasion of any such deter- mination; (II) the second occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, or local court of the trading of a controlled substance (as defined in sec- tion 802 of title 21) for benefits; (III) the first occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, or local court of the trading of firearms, ammunition, or explosives for benefits; or (IV) a conviction of an offense under sub- section (b) or (c) of section 2024 of this title