22 U.S.C. § 8784 — Rule of construction with respect to use

Page 2137 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 8784 a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of a provision specified in paragraph (2) of this sub- section, or an order or regulation prescribed under such a provision, to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 1705(a) of title 50. (2) Provisions specified The provisions specified in this paragraph are the following: (A) Sections 8721, 8722, 8723, and 8726 of this title, subchapter III, and subchapter VII. (B) Sections 8514a and 8514b of this title, as added by subtitle A of title IV. (Pub. L. 112–158, title VI, § 601, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1263.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 312, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 312 of Pub. L. 112–158, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1249. Subsec. (a) of section 312 is not classified to the Code. Subsecs. (b) and (c) of section 312 amended section 8513 of this title. Subsec. (d) of section 312 enacted provisions set out as a note under section 8513 of this title. Section 8513b of this title, as added by section 312, re- ferred to in subsec. (a)(2), was in the original ‘‘section 104A of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Account- ability, and Divestment Act of 2010, as added by section 312’’ and was translated as meaning section 104A of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Di- vestment Act of 2010, as added by section 216(a) of Pub. L. 112–158, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. For classification of section 312 of Pub. L. 112–158, see above. Sections 8514a and 8514b of this title, as added by sub- title A of title IV, referred to in subsecs. (a)(3) and (b)(2)(B), are sections 8514a and 8514b of this title, as added by subtitle A (§§ 401–403) of title IV of Pub. L. 112–158. § 8782. Applicability to certain intelligence activi- ties Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall apply to the authorized intel- ligence activities of the United States. (Pub. L. 112–158, title VI, § 602, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1264.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 112–158, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1214, known as the Iran Threat Reduc- tion and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, which is clas- sified principally to this chapter. For complete classi- fication of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8701 of this title and Tables. § 8783. Applicability to certain natural gas projects (a) Exception for certain natural gas projects Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall apply to any activity relating to a project— (1) for the development of natural gas and the construction and operation of a pipeline to transport natural gas from Azerbaijan to Tur- key and Europe; (2) that provides to Turkey and countries in Europe energy security and energy independ- ence from the Government of the Russian Fed- eration and other governments with jurisdic- tion over persons subject to sanctions imposed under this Act or amendments made by this Act; and (3) that was initiated before August 10, 2012, pursuant to a production-sharing agreement, or an ancillary agreement necessary to further a production-sharing agreement, entered into with, or a license granted by, the government of a country other than Iran before August 10, 2012. (b) Termination of exception (1) In general The exception under subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to a project described in that subsection on or after the date on which the President certifies to the appropriate con- gressional committees that— (A) the percentage of the equity interest in the project held by or on behalf of an entity described in paragraph (2) has increased rel- ative to the percentage of the equity inter- est in the project held by or on behalf of such an entity on January 1, 2002; or (B) an entity described in paragraph (2) has assumed an operational role in the project. (2) Entity described An entity described in this paragraph is— (A) an entity— (i) owned or controlled by the Govern- ment of Iran or identified under section 560.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regula- tions (relating to the definition of the Government of Iran); or (ii) organized under the laws of Iran or with the participation or approval of the Government of Iran; (B) an entity owned or controlled by an en- tity described in subparagraph (A); or (C) a successor entity to an entity de- scribed in subparagraph (A). (Pub. L. 112–158, title VI, § 603, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1264.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 112–158, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1214, known as the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8701 of this title and Tables. § 8784. Rule of construction with respect to use of force against Iran and Syria Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed as a declaration of war or an authorization of the use of force against Iran or Syria. (Pub. L. 112–158, title VI, § 604, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1265.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 112–158, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1214, known as the Iran Threat Reduc- Page 2138 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 8785 tion and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, which is clas- sified principally to this chapter. For complete classi- fication of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8701 of this title and Tables. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries RULE OF CONSTRUCTION FOR SPECIFIC ACTS Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title XII, § 1284, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1708, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Ta- bles for classification], or any amendment made by this Act, may be construed to authorize the use of military force, including the use of military force against Iran or any other country.’’ Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XII, § 1295, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2088, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Tables for classification] may be construed to author- ize the use of force against Iran or North Korea.’’ Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title XII, § 1235, Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 1059, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Ta- bles for classification] shall be construed as author- izing the use of force against Iran.’’ Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XII, § 1279, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3593, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Tables for classification] shall be construed as author- izing the use of force against Iran.’’ Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title XII, § 1252, Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 926, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Ta- bles for classification] shall be construed as author- izing the use of force against Syria or Iran.’’ Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title XII, § 1234, Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2004, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Ta- bles for classification] shall be construed as author- izing the use of force against Iran.’’ § 8785. Termination (a) In general The provisions of sections 8721, 8722, 8723, 8725, 8726, 8727, and 8771 of this title, subchapter I, and subchapter III shall terminate on the date that is 30 days after the date on which the President makes the certification described in section 8551(a) of this title. (b) Omitted (Pub. L. 112–158, title VI, § 605, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1265.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section is comprised of section 605 of Pub. L. 112–158. Subsec. (b) of section 605 of Pub. L. 112–158 amended section 8551 of this title. SUBCHAPTER VII—SANCTIONS WITH RE- SPECT TO HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SYRIA § 8791. Imposition of sanctions with respect to certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed against citizens of Syria or their family mem- bers (a) In general The President shall impose sanctions de- scribed in subsection (c) with respect to each person on the list required by subsection (b). (b) List of persons who are responsible for or complicit in certain human rights abuses (1) In general Not later than 120 days after August 10, 2012, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of persons who are officials of the Government of Syria or persons acting on behalf of that Govern- ment that the President determines, based on credible evidence, are responsible for or complicit in, or responsible for ordering, con- trolling, or otherwise directing, the commis- sion of serious human rights abuses against citizens of Syria or their family members, re- gardless of whether such abuses occurred in Syria. (2) Updates of list The President shall submit to the appro- priate congressional committees an updated list under paragraph (1)— (A) not later than 300 days after August 10, 2012, and every 180 days thereafter; and (B) as new information becomes available. (3) Form of report; public availability (A) Form The list required by paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may con- tain a classified annex. (B) Public availability The unclassified portion of the list re- quired by paragraph (1) shall be made avail- able to the public and posted on the websites of the Department of the Treasury and the Department of State. (4) Consideration of data from other countries and nongovernmental organizations In preparing the list required by paragraph (1), the President shall consider credible data already obtained by other countries and non- governmental organizations, including organi- zations in Syria, that monitor the human rights abuses of the Government of Syria. (c) Sanctions described The sanctions described in this subsection are sanctions pursuant to the International Emer- gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), including blocking of property and restric- tions or prohibitions on financial transactions and the exportation of property, subject to such regulations as the President may prescribe. (Pub. L. 112–158, title VII, § 702, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1265.) TERMINATION OF SECTION For termination of section, see section 8795 of this title. Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§ 1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and Na- tional Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries SHORT TITLE For short title of this subchapter as the ‘‘Syria Human Rights Accountability Act of 2012’’, see section