20 U.S.C. § 6602 — Definitions

Page 1418 TITLE 20—EDUCATION § 6601 § 6601. Purpose The purpose of this subchapter is to provide grants to State educational agencies and sub- grants to local educational agencies to— (1) increase student achievement consistent with the challenging State academic stand- ards; (2) improve the quality and effectiveness of teachers, principals, and other school leaders; (3) increase the number of teachers, prin- cipals, and other school leaders who are effec- tive in improving student academic achieve- ment in schools; and (4) provide low-income and minority stu- dents greater access to effective teachers, principals, and other school leaders. (Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2001, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title II, § 2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1914.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 6601, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2101, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1620, set forth purpose of part A of former sub- chapter II of this chapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, § 5, title II, § 2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 1913, effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to cer- tain noncompetitive programs and competitive pro- grams. Another prior section 6601, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2001, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3612, set forth findings, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110. A prior section 2001 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 2981 of this title, prior to the general amend- ment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive pro- grams, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Ef- fective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title. § 6602. Definitions In this subchapter: (1) School leader residency program The term ‘‘school leader residency program’’ means a school-based principal or other school leader preparation program in which a pro- spective principal or other school leader— (A) for 1 academic year, engages in sus- tained and rigorous clinical learning with substantial leadership responsibilities and an opportunity to practice and be evaluated in an authentic school setting; and (B) during that academic year— (i) participates in evidence-based coursework, to the extent the State (in consultation with local educational agen- cies in the State) determines that such evidence is reasonably available, that is integrated with the clinical residency ex- perience; and (ii) receives ongoing support from a men- tor principal or other school leader, who is effective. (2) State The term ‘‘State’’ means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the Com- monwealth of Puerto Rico. (3) State authorizer The term ‘‘State authorizer’’ means an enti- ty designated by the Governor of a State to recognize teacher, principal, or other school leader preparation academies within the State that— (A) enters into an agreement with a teach- er, principal, or other school leader prepara- tion academy that specifies the goals ex- pected of the academy, as described in para- graph (4)(A)(i); (B) may be a nonprofit organization, State educational agency, or other public entity, or consortium of such entities (including a consortium of States); and (C) does not reauthorize a teacher, prin- cipal, or other school leader preparation academy if the academy fails to produce the minimum number or percentage of effective teachers or principals or other school lead- ers, respectively (as determined by the State), identified in the academy’s author- izing agreement. (4) Teacher, principal, or other school leader preparation academy The term ‘‘teacher, principal, or other school leader preparation academy’’ means a public or other nonprofit entity, which may be an institution of higher education or an orga- nization affiliated with an institution of high- er education, that establishes an academy that will prepare teachers, principals, or other school leaders to serve in high-needs schools, and that— (A) enters into an agreement with a State authorizer that specifies the goals expected of the academy, including— (i) a requirement that prospective teach- ers, principals, or other school leaders who are enrolled in the academy receive a sig- nificant part of their training through clinical preparation that partners the pro- spective candidate with an effective teach- er, principal, or other school leader, as de- termined by the State, respectively, with a demonstrated record of increasing student academic achievement, including for the subgroups of students defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, while also receiving concurrent instruction from the academy in the content area (or areas) in which the prospective teacher, principal, or other school leader will become certified or li- censed that links to the clinical prepara- tion experience; (ii) the number of effective teachers, principals, or other school leaders, respec- tively, who will demonstrate success in in- creasing student academic achievement that the academy will prepare; and (iii) a requirement that the academy will award a certificate of completion (or de- gree, if the academy is, or is affiliated with, an institution of higher education) to a teacher only after the teacher dem- Page 1419 TITLE 20—EDUCATION § 6603 onstrates that the teacher is an effective teacher, as determined by the State, with a demonstrated record of increasing stu- dent academic achievement either as a student teacher or teacher-of-record on an alternative certificate, license, or creden- tial; (iv) a requirement that the academy will award a certificate of completion (or de- gree, if the academy is, or is affiliated with, an institution of higher education) to a principal or other school leader only after the principal or other school leader demonstrates a record of success in im- proving student performance; and (v) timelines for producing cohorts of graduates and conferring certificates of completion (or degrees, if the academy is, or is affiliated with, an institution of high- er education) from the academy; (B) does not have unnecessary restrictions on the methods the academy will use to train prospective teacher, principal, or other school leader candidates, including— (i) obligating (or prohibiting) the acad- emy’s faculty to hold advanced degrees or conduct academic research; (ii) restrictions related to the academy’s physical infrastructure; (iii) restrictions related to the number of course credits required as part of the pro- gram of study; (iv) restrictions related to the under- graduate coursework completed by teach- ers teaching or working on alternative cer- tificates, licenses, or credentials, as long as such teachers have successfully passed all relevant State-approved content area examinations; or (v) restrictions related to obtaining ac- creditation from an accrediting body for purposes of becoming an academy; (C) limits admission to its program to pro- spective teacher, principal, or other school leader candidates who demonstrate strong potential to improve student academic achievement, based on a rigorous selection process that reviews a candidate’s prior aca- demic achievement or record of professional accomplishment; and (D) results in a certificate of completion or degree that the State may, after reviewing the academy’s results in producing effective teachers, or principals, or other school lead- ers, respectively (as determined by the State) recognize as at least the equivalent of a master’s degree in education for the pur- poses of hiring, retention, compensation, and promotion in the State. (5) Teacher residency program The term ‘‘teacher residency program’’ means a school-based teacher preparation pro- gram in which a prospective teacher— (A) for not less than 1 academic year, teaches alongside an effective teacher, as de- termined by the State or local educational agency, who is the teacher of record for the classroom; (B) receives concurrent instruction during the year described in subparagraph (A)— (i) through courses that may be taught by local educational agency personnel or by faculty of the teacher preparation pro- gram; and (ii) in the teaching of the content area in which the teacher will become certified or licensed; and (C) acquires effective teaching skills, as demonstrated through completion of a resi- dency program, or other measure deter- mined by the State, which may include a teacher performance assessment. (Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2002, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title II, § 2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1914.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 6602, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2102, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1620, defined terms in part A of former subchapter II of this chapter, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, § 5, title II, § 2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 1913, effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain non- competitive programs and competitive programs. Another prior section 6602, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2002, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3613, set forth purposes of this subchapter, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110. A prior section 2002 of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 2982 of this title, prior to the general amend- ment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive pro- grams, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as an Ef- fective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title. § 6603. Authorization of appropriations (a) Grants to States and local educational agen- cies For the purpose of carrying out part A, there are authorized to be appropriated $2,295,830,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2020. (b) National activities For the purpose of carrying out part B, there are authorized to be appropriated— (1) $468,880,575 for each of fiscal years 2017 and 2018; (2) $469,168,000 for fiscal year 2019; and (3) $489,168,000 for fiscal year 2020. (Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2003, as added Pub. L. 114–95, title II, § 2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1916.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 6603, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2103, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1621, related to authorizations of appropriations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, § 5, title II, § 2002, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1806, 1913, effective Dec. 10, 2015, ex- cept with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs. Another prior section 6603, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2003, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3614; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f)